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Chapter Eight

Participative Management and Leading Teams

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The Continuum of Participation

Occasionaluse of teams

and employee participation

Traditional organization

Team-basedorganization

Organizational Structure

Management Control

High managementControl – No employeeParticipation

Total delegationHigh employee

Participation

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Criteria for Use of Participation

When the task is complex and quality is important

When follower commitment is needed

When there is time

When the leader and follower are ready

When the leader and followers can easily interact

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Benefits of Participation

Development of followers

Better decisions on complex tasks

Increase in follower motivation and commitment through empowerment

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Guidelines for Good Delegation Delegate pleasant and

unpleasant tasks

Clarify goals and expectations

Delegate authority along with responsibility

Provide support

Monitor and provide feedback

Delegate to different followers

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Excuses for Not Delegating My followers are not ready They do not not have the skills I am uncomfortable delegating my

tasks I can do the job quicker myself My followers are too busy I am responsible for my followers

mistakes My own manager may think I am

not working hard enough

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Characteristics of (Good) Teams Members are fully committed to

common goals they develop Members are mutually

accountable to one another Members trust one another Collaborative culture Shared leadership based on

facilitation Synergy

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Self-Managed Teams Power to manage their own

work

Members with different expertise and experience

No outside manager/leader

Power to implement team decisions

Coordination with other teams

Internal leadership based on facilitation

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Elements of Self-Leadership

Developing positive and motivating thought patterns

Personal goal setting

Observation and self-evaluation

Self-reinforcement control and monitoring

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Team Leadership Roles

Counsel and encourageteam members

Help team defineits goals and tasks

Help team developimplementation plan

Manage conflicts

and relationships

Observe from adistance

Clarify the team’s boundaries

Obtain necessarytraining

Continue to doreal work

Assess teamskills