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Chapter 1Art Before History
AP Art History
Paleolithic Sculpture
• Subject matter: animals and women (things to control or possess or things pertinent to survival)
• Created descriptively convincing images (rather than optical images)
• Purpose unknown, although conjectures exist – must have been important
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Found in Austria
Some art historians felt that her exaggerated anatomy suggested that this served as a fertility image
Like most Paleolithic figures there is no facial features
Curly hair or a hat woven out of plant fibers?
Venus of Wilendorf, ca. 28,000 -25,000 BCE. Limestone.
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Figure 1-7 Two bison, reliefs in cave at Le Tuc d’Audoubert, France, ca. 15,000–10,000 BCE. Clay, each 2’ long.
Paleolithic Painting
• Subject matter: animals • Created descriptively convincing
images (rather than optical images) • Purpose unknown, although
conjectures exist• Limited media led to limited color
palette
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Figure 1-11 Hall of the Bulls (left wall) in the cave at Lascaux, France, ca. 15,000–13,000 BCE. Largest bull 11’ 6” long.
Figure 1-13 Rhinoceros, wounded man, and disemboweled bison, painting in the well of the cave at Lascaux, France ca. 15,000 – 13,000 BCE. Bison 3’ 8” long.
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Neolithic Architecture• Created with megaliths (large
stones) in post and lintel constructions
• Trilithon: group of threestones
• Henge: circle of stones (also called cromlechs)
• Menhir: single stone • Alignment: line of stones
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Figure 1-20 Aerial view of Stonehenge, Salisbury Plain, England, ca. 2550–1600 BCE. Circle is 97' in diameter; trilithons 24' high.
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