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11
BORDER SECURITY AND MANAGEMENT
•Intra-service co-operation•Inter-agency co-operation
Presented by:Presented by:Visiting expertVisiting expertGoran Krsteski Goran Krsteski
01.11.2005
Geneva
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Border Management: one of the most strategic pillar of Europe as a field of freedom, movement and justice
“Tight control” efficient tool in preventing and combating the trans – border crime and other threats against the public security and safety
“Fully open borders” mechanism allowing a free and safety cross – border movement of people, goods and any means of transport
INTEGRATED BORDER NTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
•CO-OPERATION
33
efficient and comprehensive efficient and comprehensive coordination of activities undertaken by coordination of activities undertaken by
all relevant agenciesall relevant agencies
most fundamental complex challenges for both the European intergovernmental organizations and the individual states
The coordination and cooperation among all the relevant authorities and agencies involved in border control, trade facilitation and border region cooperation to establish effective, efficient and integrated border management systems, in order to ensure the common goal of open, but controlled and secure borders.
INTEGRATED BORDER NTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
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BUILDING UP OF IBM KONCEPTBUILDING UP OF IBM KONCEPT
Inter-ministerial Working GroupInter-ministerial Working Group
National Strategy for the Integrated BorderNational Strategy for the Integrated Border ManagementManagement
Border PoliceBorder Police
Drafting of Action plan for the implementation the Drafting of Action plan for the implementation the National Strategy for the Integrated Border National Strategy for the Integrated Border ManagementManagement
Alterations and amendments on the relevant Alterations and amendments on the relevant national legislationnational legislation
Harmonization of the existing legislation with Harmonization of the existing legislation with the European legislationthe European legislation
55
SERVICES PARTICIPATING
IN STATE BORDER GUARDINGBORDER GUARDS CUSTOMS GUARD
NAVY
ARMY
VETERINARY AND PHYTOSANITARY
SERVICES
SPEDITION COMPANIES
POLICE
GENDARMERIE
IMMIGRATION OFFICE
COAST GUARDS
CONSULATES
NATIONAL SECURITY SERVICES
CITIZEN COMMUNITIES
BORDER SERVICES OF THE NEIGHBOURING AND OTHER COUNTRIES
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The Meaning of IBM: 2The Meaning of IBM: 2
Inter-agency cooperationInter-agency cooperation::
- Clear definition and division of tasks and Clear definition and division of tasks and responsibilities, set out in national legislationresponsibilities, set out in national legislation
- Established management procedures for Established management procedures for cooperation, including information exchange cooperation, including information exchange at national, regional and local levelsat national, regional and local levels
- Interoperable technical means and common Interoperable technical means and common infrastructure for cooperating agenciesinfrastructure for cooperating agencies
77
First of all, there is a need of unique legal framework that will First of all, there is a need of unique legal framework that will cover the Integrated border management. This legal cover the Integrated border management. This legal framework, among the other things, will identify the roles of framework, among the other things, will identify the roles of the different bodies for border management and it will be the different bodies for border management and it will be possible to create other laws within it, sub legal acts and possible to create other laws within it, sub legal acts and internal regulations. internal regulations.
The Schengen catalogue saying thatThe Schengen catalogue saying that::The cooperation and the coordination of the The cooperation and the coordination of the competencies of the different bodies will be competencies of the different bodies will be regulated with an official actregulated with an official act..
CLEAR DEFINITION AND DIVISION OF CLEAR DEFINITION AND DIVISION OF TASKS AND RESPONSIBILITIES, SET TASKS AND RESPONSIBILITIES, SET
OUT IN NATIONAL LEGISLATIONOUT IN NATIONAL LEGISLATION
88
ESTABLISHED MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES FOR ESTABLISHED MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES FOR COOPERATION, INCLUDING INFORMATION EXCHANGE AT COOPERATION, INCLUDING INFORMATION EXCHANGE AT
NATIONAL, REGIONAL AND LOCAL LEVELSNATIONAL, REGIONAL AND LOCAL LEVELS
•In order to achieve a comprehensive and In order to achieve a comprehensive and effective border management system all effective border management system all authorities and agencies involved in border authorities and agencies involved in border issues need to co-operate closely, not only at the issues need to co-operate closely, not only at the border and Border Crossing Points (BCPs) alone border and Border Crossing Points (BCPs) alone but also at the central level. The aim is to but also at the central level. The aim is to increase the effectiveness of existing capacities increase the effectiveness of existing capacities and programmes, and thus minimize policy and programmes, and thus minimize policy overlaps and inconsistencies.overlaps and inconsistencies.
•The Integrated border management has a need The Integrated border management has a need of systems of timely and precise transfer of of systems of timely and precise transfer of information. These systems must provided the information. These systems must provided the operative planners and managers all the operative planners and managers all the information they need so that they can discuss in information they need so that they can discuss in due time and achieve efficient coordinationdue time and achieve efficient coordination
99
INFRASTRUCTURE AND EQUIPMENTINFRASTRUCTURE AND EQUIPMENT
In most cases, customs and border guards In most cases, customs and border guards are located at the BCP. Depending on the are located at the BCP. Depending on the importance of the BCP, other agencies importance of the BCP, other agencies should also be located there. The should also be located there. The infrastructure could be adapted to allow infrastructure could be adapted to allow integrated control in one building (goods and integrated control in one building (goods and passengers, except goods on trucks) in order passengers, except goods on trucks) in order to avoid duplication of controls and double to avoid duplication of controls and double checking by different agencies.checking by different agencies.
1010CUSTOMS AND FINANCE GUARD
NATIONAL INSPECTORATEOF LABOUR AND LABOUR SAFETY
BORDER GUARDS
POLICEIMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION
OFFICE
ORGANIZATIONS DEALING WITH MIGRATION IN
HUNGARY
Border security
intelligence capacities
Military Military intelligence intelligence capabilitiescapabilities
Internal Internal intelligence intelligence agencies agencies
e.g. FBI, MI5e.g. FBI, MI5
Inter-Inter-governmental governmental intelligence intelligence
organisations organisations e.g. SISe.g. SIS
External External intelligence intelligence
agencies e.g. agencies e.g. CIA, MI6CIA, MI6
Inter-agency Cooperation in the context of Intelligence
Effective and comprehensive intelligence gathering
1212
NEED OF SUPPORT OF THE CIVILIAN NEED OF SUPPORT OF THE CIVILIAN AGENCIES AND COORDINATION OF THE AGENCIES AND COORDINATION OF THE
ASSISTANCEASSISTANCE IntelligenceIntelligence
DetectionDetection
Pursuit/trackingPursuit/tracking
Can be delegated to, or carried out Can be delegated to, or carried out in close cooperation with, the in close cooperation with, the MilitaryMilitary
InterceptionArrest
Prosecution
Role for the Civilian Role for the Civilian Border PoliceBorder Police
Ideally, all activities should be carried out by one single governmental organization; but burden-sharing is possible if
nation-states wish so, and if it is stipulated by law
1313
SUBSTANCE OF INTEGRATED SUBSTANCE OF INTEGRATED BORDER BORDER
CONTROLCONTROL COORDINATING BORDER GUARDING ACTIVITIESCOORDINATING BORDER GUARDING ACTIVITIES
•Establishing procedures passing laws (sharing tasks)
•Cooperation agreements, interagency agreements
•Cooperation forums (government level, inter ministerial, organizational level)
•MINISTRY OF THE INTERIOR
•MINISTRY OF FINANCE
•MINISTRY OF JUSTICE
•MINISTRY OF DEFENCE
•MINISTRY OF HEALT
•MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT
•MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE
•MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS
CUSTOMS GUARD
POLICE
GENDARMERIE
ARMY
IMMIGRATION
VETERINARY AND PHYTOSANITARY SERVICES
NAVY
COAST GUARDS
SPEDITION COMPANIES
CONSULATES
NATIONAL SECURITY SERVICES
BORDER BORDER POLICEPOLICE
ASSIGNING THE LEADING
ORGANIZATION IN BORDER CONTROL
1414
DEMOCRATIC SUPERVISIONDEMOCRATIC SUPERVISION
The democratic supervision and independent The democratic supervision and independent monitoring of the establishment and monitoring of the establishment and implementation of integrated border implementation of integrated border management are key issue if we want to management are key issue if we want to achieve high level of efficiency, achieve high level of efficiency, effectiveness, impartiality and respect by the effectiveness, impartiality and respect by the citizens. The democratic supervision enables citizens. The democratic supervision enables transparency with which those that have transparency with which those that have specific authorizations and who are tasked specific authorizations and who are tasked with policy implementation are the ones with policy implementation are the ones becoming responsible for their procedures becoming responsible for their procedures and performance. and performance.
1515
DISCUSSIONSDISCUSSIONS
questionsquestions