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Assessment of the Impact of Reclaimed Lands for Rice Fields and Water Conservation
Zones on Water Budget and Quality for Sustainable Agriculture in Northeast China
PANG Z YUAN L KONG Y LUO L XU [email protected]
Institute of Geology & Geophysics (IGG), Chinese Academy of
Sciences (CAS) ， Beijing
IAEA CN191/56, 24 July 12, Vienna
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Outline
• Introduction
• Methods and materials
• Hydrological regime
• Water quality
• Conclusions
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Sanjiang wetland
observatory
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400mm
1000mm
900mm
500mm
500mm
1200mm
Annual Precipitation: 500 mm
300mm
Sanjiang Catchments
5Long-term mean monthly precipitation
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Wetlands in Sanjiang Plain
1950S 2000
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Past
Present
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• Significant drop in the water table has been observed: 4-8 meters in 5 years
15/07/97 20/10/98 30/11/99 10/01/01 06/06/02
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
地下
水埋
深(m
m)
日 期
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Outline
• Introduction
• Methods and materials
• Hydrological regime
• Water quality
• Conclusions
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Wetland Monitoring
Water lever monitoring well
Evapo-transpiration data collection
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Sampling groundwater
Sampling campaign in August 2011, along a 250km cross section. Monitoring of precipition has been continued in the mean time.
Sampling groundwater W-E cross section in the southern part of the region, where groundwat
er and other water bodies have been sampled for stable isotopes and tritium measurements.
a 、 Cross Section b 、 Schematic Hydrogeology
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Horizontal seepage from the paddy field
Description of the contents
Horizontal seepage Pipe
Horizontal seepage pond
Horizontal seepage channel
Sampling soil water
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Sampling soil water
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DIONEX IC
ICP-OES ICP-MS
liquid-water stable isotope instrument
Lab measurements & QA
累积测试偏差所有实验室排名
地质所
（引自 IAEA “TRIC2008” 报告）
Interlab comparison on Tritium measurements
Tritium measurement 样品名称
IAEA 值（ TU ）
实验室值（ TU ）
绝对差值（ TU ）
精度（ 1σ ） 评分
T14 1.54 1.54 0.00 0.40 A
T15 4.07 3.96 0.11 0.45 A
T16 7.74 7.88 0.14 0.53 A
T17 14.46 14.89 0.43 0.53 A
T18 0.67 0.38 0.29 0.36 A
水同位素与水岩反应实验室
IAEA WICO2011
Sampleδ18O δ2H δ18O δ2H
Δδ18O Δδ2Hvalue 1s unc value 1s unc value 1s unc value 1s unc
OH-13 -0.96 0.04 -2.3 0.9 -0.86 0.06 -2.1 0.33 -0.10 -0.2
OH-14 -5.59 0.05 -37.7 0.8 -5.51 0.05 -37.3 0.32 -0.08 -0.4
OH-15 -9.37 0.04 -78.0 0.8 -9.34 0.06 -77.5 0.31 -0.03 -0.5
OH-16 -15.41 0.04 -113.8 0.9 -15.33 0.08 -114.2 0.42 -0.08 0.4
WICO2011 Interlab on stable isotopes
水同位素与水岩反应实验室
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Rice field plot test
A test plot in a paddy field
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Lab tests of constructed wetlands
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Outline
• Introduction
• Methods and materials
• Hydrological regime
• Water quality
• Conclusions
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Groundwater monitoring in Honghe, Qianfeng and Qianshao farms
Decline of groundwater level
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
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Hydrological setting of Honghe wetland
ET
P
Inflow
Outflow
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Before 1950s
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Present
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Hydrogeology profile of natural wetland
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Mechanism of transport: Hydrogeology
Tritium in groundwater
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Outline
• Introduction
• Methods and materials
• Hydrological regime
• Water quality
• Conclusions
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Groundwater quality
Groundwater nitrate
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Yalvhe Nongjiang
Raolihe Water quality of smaller
rivers in the area has not been affected to a large extent by agricultural activities.
River water quality
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Soil water quality
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Water in the rice fields
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ⅢⅣ
Ⅲ
Ⅳ
Songhuajiang
River water quality
Ⅲ
ⅣⅢ
Wusulijiang
Source: Environmental Ministry
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Outline
• Introduction
• Methods and materials
• Hydrological regime
• Water quality
• Conclusions
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Conclusions• Conversion of natural wetlands into paddy rice fields has chan
ged the hydrological regime of wetlands systems to different extents, depending on their hydrogeological settings.
• Deterioration of surface water quality has been observed, though insignificant. There is a clear correlation to agriclutural activites.
• Groundwater quality has not been affected on the whole, likely attributing to the slow infiltration into the aquifers.
• In places where groundwater doesn't receive adequate recharge, river water needs to be used to ensure sustainability.
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