1

7th Progress Report:The regional and urban

dimension of Europe 2020

Lewis Dijkstra

Deputy Head of the Analysis UnitDG for Regional PolicyEuropean Commission

2

Main pointsSmart Growth

1. Education2. Innovation3. Digital Society4. Smart cities

Sustainable Growth1. Resource efficient

regions2. Sustainable cities

Inclusive growth1. Employment2. Poverty and exclusion3. Inclusive cities

10 Factsheets

1. Tertiary education2. Early-school leavers3. R&D as % of GDP4. Patent inventors per

inhabitants5. Change in GHG emissions

outside the Emissions Trading Scheme

6. Consumption of renewable energy

7. Employment rate8. Unemployment rate9. At-risk-of-poverty or

exclusion10.GDP per head

3

Smart Growth

In regions and cities

4

National rates and 2020 targets

Tertiary educational attainment age group 30-34 in 2010 and Europe 2020 targets

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

EU

-27

Italy

Rom

ania

Hun

gary

Cze

ch R

epub

lic

Gre

ece

Mal

ta

Latv

ia

Bul

garia

Aus

tria

Den

mar

k

Est

onia

Lith

uani

a

Luxe

mbo

urg

Por

tuga

l

Slo

veni

a

Slo

vaki

a

Ger

man

y

Fin

land

Net

herla

nds

Sw

eden

Spa

in

Pol

and

Cyp

rus

Bel

gium

Fra

nce

Irel

and

Uni

ted

Kin

gdom

shar

e o

f th

e p

op

ula

tio

n a

ged

30-

34 y

ears

Tertiary educational attainment 2010 2020 Target ----- Distance to target

Source: EUROSTAT

No national target

5

Tertiary education

6

National rates and 2020 targets

Early leavers from education and training in 2010 and Europe 2020 targets

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

EU

-27

Pol

and

Slo

ven

ia

Cze

ch R

epub

lic

Slo

vaki

a

Irel

and

Ne

ther

land

s

Fin

land

Lith

uan

ia

Bel

gium

Est

onia

Fra

nce

Aus

tria

Gre

ece

De

nma

rk

Ger

ma

ny

Cyp

rus

Luxe

mbo

urg

Hu

nga

ry

Por

tug

al

Sw

ede

n

Bul

gari

a

Ro

man

ia

Latv

ia

Spa

in

Italy

Mal

ta

Un

ited

Kin

gdom

Per

cen

tag

e o

f th

e p

op

ula

tio

n a

ge

d 1

8-2

4

Early school leavers 2010 2020 Target ----- Distance to target

Source: EUROSTAT

No national target

7

Early school leavers

8

National rates and targets 2020

Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) in 2010 and Europe 2020 targets

0

1

2

3

4

5

Cyp

rus

Mal

ta

Slo

vaki

a

Bul

gari

a

Latv

ia

Italy

Pol

and

Hu

nga

ry

Lith

uani

a

Irel

and

Ro

ma

nia

Luxe

mbo

urg

Ne

the

rland

s

EU

-27

Bel

giu

m

De

nmar

k

Ger

ma

ny

Est

onia

Spa

in

Fra

nce

Por

tug

al

Slo

ven

ia

Aus

tria

Fin

lan

d

Sw

ede

n

Cze

ch R

epub

lic

Un

ited

Kin

gdom

% o

f G

DP

Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) 2020 Target ----- Distance to target

Source: EUROSTAT

No national target

9

R&D

10

Digital society

• Use of public e-Services by residents and firms

• People ordering products and services online

• High growth of online turnover• High speed internet access: Available

everywhere?• Next Generation Access likely to start in

cities

11

PatentsPatent applications to the EPO, average 2006-2007

EEMT

HUCZ

PTGR

SK

LV

PL

LTBG

RO

ES

SIIE

ITUK

FR

BE

DK ATNL

FI

SEDE

1

10

100

1,000

10,000

100,000

Pate

nt a

pplic

atio

ns p

er t

en m

illio

n in

habi

tant

s, lo

garith

mic

sca

le

Capital metro region

Second tier metro region

Smaller metro region

Non-metro regions combined

National

12

Urban productivityLabour productivity in Metro regions and their MS, 2008

FI

SEAT

NL FR

BE

ITUK

DEES

DK

EL

EE

HU

CZPT

SK

SI

PL

LT

LV

RO

BG

IE

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

La

bo

ur

pro

du

ctiv

iti in

PP

S 2

00

8,

EU

-27

ind

ex=

10

0

Capital metro region

Second tier metro region

Smaller metro region

Non-metro regions combined

national

209221

13

Big gaps in the eastLabour productivity in PPS in metro regions compared to the rest of their

country, 2008

ES DEUK

IT

NL FR

BEATSE

FIEL

DK

SI

CZ

SK

EE

HU

PL

LV

LT

RO

BG

0

40

80

120

160

200

240

280

La

bo

ur

pro

du

ctiv

ity

in P

PS

, no

n-m

etro

reg

ion

s co

mb

ined

=1

00

Capital metro region

Second tier metro region

Smaller metro region

Non-metro regions combined

IE

14

Cities and tertiary educatedHigh education attainment rate 25-64 by type of area, 2009

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

EU FI SE DK EE LT IE LU CY NL ES FR BE SI BG LV UK HU PL EL DE SK AT RO CZ PT IT MT

Sh

are

of

hig

h e

du

cati

on

att

ain

men

t o

f p

eop

le a

ged

25-

64 i

n %

Urban areas

Towns, suburbs and rural areas

15

Sustainable Growth

In regions and cities

16

Effort sharing decisionChange in greenhouse gas emissions outside the Emmissions Trading

Scheme, 2005-2009 and Europe 2020 targets

-20

-16

5

1

-10

-16

-20 -20

-17-16 -16

-15-14

11

1314

1719

20

15

10

-14-13

-5

4

-4

-10

9

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

DK IE LU SE

AT FI

NL

UK

BE

DE

FR IT ES

CY

EL

PT SI

MT

CZ

HU

EE

SK PL

LT LV RO

BG

EU

-27

Ch

ang

es w

ith

res

pec

t to

200

5 le

vels

, %

% change 2005-2009 2020 Target ----- Distance to target

Target = Reduction in emissions Target = Limit increase in emissions

Source: EEA, provisional calculation method

Target already reached

Reduced the distance but not yet reached their target

Target not reached

17

Renewable Energy

Renewable energy consumption, 2006, 2008 and the 2020 targets

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

SE LV FI AT PT DK EE SI RO FR LT ES DE EL IT BG IE PL UK NL SK BE CY CZ HU LU MT EU-27

Sha

re o

f re

new

able

ene

rgy

rela

tive

to t

otal

ene

rgy

cons

umpt

ion

in %

2006

2008

2020 Target

18

Urban eco-efficiency

People who do not have a car, 2010

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

EU27 CY MT LU SI IT NL FR ES UK BE IE EL PT DE LT AT FI SE CZ BG SK DK PL EE HU LV RO

% p

op

ula

tio

n w

ith

ou

t a

car

fo

r fi

nan

cial

an

d o

ther

rea

son

s %

Large urban areas

Rural areas, towns and suburbs

Source: Eurostat SILC, MS ranked by share in large urban areas. Areas are defined by degree of urbanisation

19

Urban eco-efficiency• In cities residents and workers tend to

– travel shorter distances– use the car less– live in houses/flats which are smaller– Work in buildings that share walls with other

buildings• District heating is more efficient• However policies to make cities even more

efficient should not push jobs and residents to the outskirts of a city

20

Inclusive growth

In regions and cities

21

National rates and 2020 targets

Employment rate in 2010 and Europe 2020 targets

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

EU

-27

Mal

ta

Italy

Irel

and

Gre

ece

Rom

ania

Pol

and

Slo

vaki

a

Lith

uani

a

Latv

ia

Luxe

mbo

urg

Bel

gium

Spa

in

Cze

ch R

epub

lic

Fra

nce

Hun

gary

Por

tuga

l

Slo

veni

a

Bul

garia

Est

onia

Cyp

rus

Ger

man

y

Aus

tria

Fin

land

Den

mar

k

Net

herla

nds

Sw

eden

Uni

ted

Kin

gdom

% o

f to

tal p

op

ula

tio

n -

ag

e g

rou

p 2

0-64

Employment rate 2010 2020 Target ----- Distance to target

Source: EUROSTAT

No national target

22

Employment: Northwest vs. the rest

23

National targets and 2020 rates

People at-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion in 2010 and Europe 2020 targets

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Aus

tria

Fin

land

Cze

ch R

epub

lic

Net

herla

nds

Slo

veni

a

Fra

nce

Est

onia

Bel

gium

Slo

vaki

a

Den

mar

k

Ger

man

y

Mal

ta

EU

27

Italy

Spa

in

Por

tuga

l

Gre

ece

Pol

and

Hun

gary

Lith

uani

a

Latv

ia

Bul

garia

Rom

ania

Sw

eden

Luxe

mbo

urg

Uni

ted

Kin

gdom

Cyp

rus

Irel

andsh

are

of

the

po

pu

lati

on

at-

risk

-of-

po

vert

y o

r so

cial

exc

lusi

on

People at-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion 2010 2020 Target ----- Distance to target

Source: EUROSTAT

No national target

24

At risk of poverty and exclusion: South and East

25

Unemployment: impact of the crisis

26

East West Divide on low workPeople living in a household with low work intensity, 2009

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

20%

EU BE UK DK AT MT NL DE FR SI LU EL IT SE PT CZ FI ES CY PL LV EE RO SK BG IE LT HU

Sh

are

of

po

pu

lati

on

wit

h a

lo

w w

ork

in

ten

sity

, %

Large urban areas

Rural areas, towns and suburbs

Source: Eurostat SILC, MS ranked by difference between large urban areas and other areas. Areas are defined by degree of urbanisation

Urban disadvantage Urban advantage

27

East West divide on urban poverty

People at risk of poverty, 2009

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

EU LU MT UK AT BE DE DK EL SE NL CZ SI FR CY IT ES EE SK IE HU FI PT LV PL LT BG RO

Sh

are

of

po

pu

lati

on

at

risk

of

po

vert

y in

%

Large urban areas

Rural areas, towns and suburbs

Source: Eurostat SILC, MS ranked by difference between large urban areas and other areas. Areas are defined by degree of urbanisation

Urban disadvantage Urban advantage

28

Deprivation in the East

Severe material deprivation, 2009

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

EU BE AT IE PT FR UK MT DE SE NL EL IT LU DK ES FI CY CZ SI LV EE PL LT SK HU RO BG

Sh

are

of

po

pu

lati

on

wit

h s

ev

ere

ma

teri

al d

ep

riv

ati

on

in %

Large urban areas

Rural areas, towns and suburbs

Source: Eurostat SILC, MS ranked by difference between large urban areas and other areas. Areas are defined by degree of urbanisation

Urban disadvantage Urban advantage

29

Overall: mixed picturePeople at risk of poverty or exclusion, 2009

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

EU LU MT AT UK BE DE DK FR NL SE CZ CY SI IT FI EL IE EE LV SK PT ES HU PL LT BG RO

Sh

are

of

po

pu

lati

on

at

risk

of

po

vert

y o

r ex

clu

sio

n i

n % Large urban areas

Rural areas, towns and suburbs

Source: Eurostat SILC, MS ranked by difference between large urban areas and other areas. Areas are defined by degree of urbanisation

Urban disadvantage Urban advantage

30

GDP per head growth

31

Conclusion• Europe 2020 is an ambitious strategy• Requires a different policy mix in countries

(National Reform Programmes)• Requires a different policy mix in regions

(Cohesion Policy Programmes)• Urban needs differ substantially between

countries and cities. Urban deprivation more concentrated in EU-15

• Urban opportunities in all MS, but investment needed to remove obstacles to development

32

Thank you for your attention

Questions?