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Managing TeamsManaging Teams

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Types of GroupsTypes of Groups

Practical●Functional

– Created to achieve an org objective– Unspecified timeframe

●Informal (Interest)– Created by own members– Unspecified timeframe

●Task Force– Created by organization with specific goal– Specific timeframe

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The Stages of Group FormationThe Stages of Group FormationTheoryTheory

● FORMING:– Members get

acquainted, test interpersonal behaviors.

● STORMING:– Members develop

group structure and patterns of interaction.

● NORMING:– Members share

acceptance of roles, sense of unity.

● PERFORMING:– Members enact

roles, direct effort toward goal attainment and performance.

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Stages of Team DevelopmentStages of Team Development

● Four stages– Forming– Storming– Norming– Performing

● All groups go through these● For new groups, find a way to get through it

quickly– E.g. small project first

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Team CharacteristicsTeam Characteristics

● Roles– Everyone plays a role

● Role ambiguity– Unclear directions

● Role conflict– Asked to achieve conflicting goals from

different sources● Role overload

– Expectations exceed ability

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Behavioral NormsBehavioral Norms

● Norms– Standard of behavior for the group– Often a culture thing

● Norm generalization– Rules of one group do or do not apply to

another group● Norm variation

– Variation among group members● Norm conformity

– Members tend to adhere to the norms

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Team CohesivenessTeam Cohesiveness● Positive factors

– Intergroup competition– Personal attraction– Favorable evaluation– Agreement on goals– Positive interactions

● Negative factors– Group size– Disagreement on goals– Intragroup competition– Domination– Bad experiences

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Cohesion and PerformanceCohesion and Performance

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ConflictConflict

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Managing ConflictManaging ConflictPractice●Stimulating conflict

– Increase competition– Hire outsiders– Change established procedures

●Controlling conflict– Expand resource base– Enhance coordination of interdependence– Set supra-ordinate goals– Match personalities and work

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Resolving and Eliminating ConflictResolving and Eliminating Conflict

● Avoid conflict● Convince conflicting parties to compromise.● Bring conflicting parties together to confront and

negotiate conflict.● Collaboration (new approaches)