1 1 1 What is Bioinformatics

8/10/2019 1 1 1 What is Bioinformatics

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6/23

>4'73(+3/'+0"7"&0"&.0

TAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCC

CCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACC

CCCTAACCCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAA

AACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCCTAACCCTAACCCTAAACCCTAAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAAC

ACCCTAACCCCAACCCCAACCCCAACCCCAACCCCAACCCCAACCCTAACCCCTAACCCTAACCCT

CTACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCCTAACCCCTAACCCTAACCCTAAC

ACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTCGCGGTACCCTCAGCCGG

CCCGCCCGGGTCTGACCTGAGGAGAACTGTGCTCCGCCTTCAGAGTACCACCGAAATCTGTGCAGA

AACGCAGCTCCGCCCTCGCGGTGCTCTCCGGGTCTGTGCTGAGGAGAACGCAACTCCGCCGGCGCA

CAGAGAGGCGCGCCGCGCCGGCGCAGGCGCAGACACATGCTAGCGCGTCGGGGTGGAGGCGTGGCG

CGCAGAGAGGCGCGCCGCGCCGGCGCAGGCGCAGAGACACATGCTACCGCGTCCAGGGGTGGAGGC

CGCAGGCGCAGAGAGGCGCACCGCGCCGGCGCAGGCGCAGAGACACATGCTAGCGCGTCCAGGGGT

GCGTGGCGCAGGCGCAGAGACGCAAGCCTACGGGCGGGGGTTGGGGGGGCGTGTGTTGCAGGAGCA

CGCACGGCGCCGGGCTGGGGCGGGGGGAGGGTGGCGCCGTGCACGCGCAGAAACTCACGTCACGGT

CGGCGCAGAGACGGGTAGAACCTCAGTAATCCGAAAAGCCGGGATCGACCGCCCCTTGCTTGCAGC

CACTACAGGACCCGCTTGCTCACGGTGCTGTGCCAGGGCGCCCCCTGCTGGCGACTAGGGCAACTG

GCTCTCTTGCTTAGAGTGGTGGCCAGCGCCCCCTGCTGGCGCCGGGGCACTGCAGGGCCCTCTTGC

TGTATAGTGGTGGCACGCCGCCTGCTGGCAGCTAGGGACATTGCAGGGTCCTCTTGCTCAAGGTGT

Human genome has 3.1 billion base pairs.

~2.9% of the bases encode genes.

~97.1% of the genome was previously called junk.

They contain the regulatory elements that encode instructionson when, where, which, and how much proteins to make.

So simple, yet so mysterious...


7/23

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8/23

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9/23

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TAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCC

CCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACC

CCCTAACCCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAA

AACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCCTAACCCTAACCCTAAACCCTAAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAAC

ACCCTAACCCCAACCCCAACCCCAACCCCAACCCCAACCCCAACCCTAACCCCTAACCCTAACCCT

CTACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCCTAACCCCTAACCCTAACCCTAAC

ACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTCGCGGTACCCTCAGCCGG

CCCGCCCGGGTCTGACCTGAGGAGAACTGTGCTCCGCCTTCAGAGTACCACCGAAATCTGTGCAGA

AACGCAGCTCCGCCCTCGCGGTGCTCTCCGGGTCTGTGCTGAGGAGAACGCAACTCCGCCGGCGCA

CAGAGAGGCGCGCCGCGCCGGCGCAGGCGCAGACACATGCTAGCGCGTCGGGGTGGAGGCGTGGCG

CGCAGAGAGGCGCGCCGCGCCGGCGCAGGCGCAGAGACACATGCTACCGCGTCCAGGGGTGGAGGC

CGCAGGCGCAGAGAGGCGCACCGCGCCGGCGCAGGCGCAGAGACACATGCTAGCGCGTCCAGGGGT

GCGTGGCGCAGGCGCAGAGACGCAAGCCTACGGGCGGGGGTTGGGGGGGCGTGTGTTGCAGGAGCA

CGCACGGCGCCGGGCTGGGGCGGGGGGAGGGTGGCGCCGTGCACGCGCAGAAACTCACGTCACGGT

CGGCGCAGAGACGGGTAGAACCTCAGTAATCCGAAAAGCCGGGATCGACCGCCCCTTGCTTGCAGC

CACTACAGGACCCGCTTGCTCACGGTGCTGTGCCAGGGCGCCCCCTGCTGGCGACTAGGGCAACTG

GCTCTCTTGCTTAGAGTGGTGGCCAGCGCCCCCTGCTGGCGCCGGGGCACTGCAGGGCCCTCTTGC

TGTATAGTGGTGGCACGCCGCCTGCTGGCAGCTAGGGACATTGCAGGGTCCTCTTGCTCAAGGTGT

If you print 100 characters per line and 50 lines per page,

youll fill 600,000 pages, stacked 60 meters high.

If you read one base per second, nonstop,

it will take you 100 years.

9P98basepairs in >165,000 organisms!

It will take you 30 million years to finish reading!

How do you decode the instructions in this manual of life?


10/23

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11/23

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19/23

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Biology Medicine

Systems Biology

Synthetic Biology

Medical/Clinical

Informatics

Bioinformatics/Computational

Biology

Mathematics

Computer

Sciences

Statistics

Physics

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20/23

B!+@&/&3@&/&3C/5'7"&.0

Sequence alignmentDatabase similarity search

Motif finding

Mass spec protein

identificationStructure predictionStructure alignment

DifferentialexpressionCo-expressionncRNA

Gene findingComputational& comparativegenomics

EvolutionDNA

methylation

DNA/

Genome

Genotype Phenotype

RNA Proteins Molecular

NetworksCells Physiology/

Disease

Population geneticsHuman genetics

Protein interactionnetworks

Transcriptionalregulation networksMetabolic andsignaling networksNetwork dynamics

Virtual cellsimulations

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21/23

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Data Discovery

Data

Mining

Modeling/

Simulation

Data

Management

Data

Computation

DatabasesOntologiesMeta-data

AlgorithmsSoftware toolsWeb servers

Biologicaldiscoveries

Predictive modelsSystems simulation

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Documents

1 1 1 What is Bioinformatics