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7/25/2019 05 Traversing W
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Traversing
Surveying for Engineers
ERE 371
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ERE 371
Traversing
Definition of traverse
Series of connected lines
Components of traverse
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ERE 371
Traversing
Definition of traversing
Application
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ERE 371
Types of Traverses
at!ematical Closure
Closed traverses
"eometrically closed #polygon$
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ERE 371
Closed Traverse% "eometrically Closed
A
&
"
'
ED
C
(
Control station
Traverse station
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ERE 371
Types of Traverses
Closed traverses cont)
"eometrically open
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ERE 371
Closed Traverse% "eometrically *pen
A
&"
'
ED
C(
Control station
Traverse station
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Types of Traverses #cont+d$
*pen traverse
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*pen Traverse
Control station
Traverse station
A&
"
'
ED
C(
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ERE 371
easuring and E,pressing Angles
-nterior angles
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easuring and E,pressing Angles
Deflection angles
easured left or rig!t from e,tended line to ne,t line
*ften used for geometrically open traverses #e)g) along route$
.rocedure
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easuring and E,pressing Angles
Angles to rig!t
Traversing /y a0imut!s
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ERE 371
easuring and E,pressing Distance
se any met!od to meet re2uired accuracy
Approac!
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ERE 371
Stationing
Application
se stations4 and pluses4
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ERE 371
Stationing
5655
617)8
1611)
1611) 9 111) feet from point of /eginning #along route$
111)7:
15;)7:
3638)7
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ERE 371
Traverse Stations #&u/s$
>ocation depends on purpose of su/se2uent survey
"eneral issues
-ssues ?it! location
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Referencing Traverse Stations
easure ties
-ssues
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"ood Distri/ution of Tie@-ns
(uilding
8)
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.oor Distri/ution of Tie@-ns
(uilding
8)
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ERE 371
Errors and istaBes
.ersonal errors
-nstrumental errors
atural errors
istaBes
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Traverse Computations
.urpose
C!ecB if traverse meets re2uired accuracyprecision
Adust traverse to get geometric consistency
Compute locations of control points
Components of compass rule adustment
Adust angles #satisfy geometry$
Determine preliminary line directions
Calculate departures and latitudes Adust departures and latitudes
Calculate station coordinates
Calculate adusted lengt!s and directions of lines
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Readings
C!apter = sections =)1 =)F =)15F =)11