042 Tour of the Cell

7/13/2019 042 Tour of the Cell

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BIOLOGYCONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS

Fourth Edition

Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Neil A. Campbell Jane B. Reece Lawrence G. Mitchell Martha R. Taylor

From PowerPointLectures forBiology: Concepts & Connections

CHAPTER 4A Tour of the Cell

odules !." # !.$!


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The !r"est or"!nee is usu!# the nuceus

The nuceus is se$!r!ted from the c#to$!sm %#the nuce!r eneo$e

The nuceus is the ceu!r contro center

' It cont!ins the (N) th!t directs the ce*s!ctiities

4.6 The nucleus is the cells genetic control center

ORGANELLES OF THE ENO!E!"RANES#STE!


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%igure !."

Chromatin

Nucleolus

Pore

NUCLEUS

Two membranes

of nuclear

envelope

ROUGH

ENOPL!S"#C

RET#CULU"

Ribosomes


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The endomem%r!ne s#stem is ! coection ofmem%r!nous or"!nees

' These or"!nees m!nuf!cture !nd distri%ute ce

$roducts

' The endomem%r!ne s#stem diides the ce intocom$!rtments

' Endo$!smic reticuum +E,- is $!rt of theendomem%r!ne s#stem

4.$ O%er%ie&' !(n) cell org(nelles (re rel(te*through the en*o+e+,r(ne s)ste+


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The rou"h E, m!nuf!ctures mem%r!nes

,i%osomes on its surf!ce $roduce $roteins

4.- Rough en*ol(s+ic reticulu+ +(/es+e+,r(ne (n* roteins

$ %

&

'Transport vesicle

bu(s off

Ribosome

Su)archain

Gl*coprotein

Secretor*

+)l*co,- protein

insi(e transportvesicle

ROUGH ER

Pol*pepti(e%igure !.&


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Smooth E, s#nthesi.es i$ids

In some ces/ it re"u!tes c!r%oh#dr!temet!%oism !nd %re!0s down to1ins !nd dru"s

4.0 S+ooth en*ol(s+ic reticulu+ h(s ( %(riet) offunctions


7/16Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

S"OOTH ER

ROUGH

ERNuclear

envelope

Ribosomes

S"OOTH ER ROUGH ER

%igure !.'



The Go"i !$$!r!tus consists of st!c0s ofmem%r!nous s!cs

' These receie !nd modif# E, $roducts/ thensend them on to other or"!nees or to the cemem%r!ne

4.12 The Golgi ((r(tus finishes3 sorts3 (n* shiscell ro*ucts



The Go"i !$$!r!tus

Gol)i

apparatus

.Receivin)/ si(e of

Gol)i apparatus

Transport

vesicle

from ER

Newvesicle

formin)

Transport vesicle

from the Gol)i

Gol)i apparatus

.Shippin)/

si(e of Gol)i

apparatus %igure !.$0



L#sosomes !res!cs of di"estieen.#mes %uddedoff the Go"i

4.11 L)soso+es *igest the cells foo* (n* &(stes

L0SOSO"E

Nucleus

%igure !.$$(



L#sosom! en.#mes

' di"est food

' destro# %!cteri!

' rec#ce d!m!"ed or"!nees

' function in em%r#onic deeo$ment in !nim!s



%igure !.$$B

Rou)h ER

Transport vesicle

+containin) inactive

h*(rol*tic en1*mes-

Gol)i

apparatus

Plasma

membrane

L0SOSO"ES

.2oo(/

En)ulfmentof particle

2oo(

vacuole

i)estion

L*sosome

en)ulfin)

(ama)e(

or)anelle



L#sosom! stor!"e dise!ses !re heredit!r#

' The# interfere with other ceu!r functions

' E1!m$es2 Pom$e*s dise!se/ T!#3S!chs dise!se

4.1 Connection' A,nor+(l l)soso+es c(n c(usef(t(l *ise(ses



P!nt cescont!in ! !r"ecentr! !cuoe

' The !cuoe h!s#sosom! !ndstor!"efunctions

4.15 (cuoles function in the gener(l +(inten(nceof the cell

Central

vacuole

Nucleus

%igure !.$3(


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Protists m!# h!e contr!ctie !cuoes

%igure !.$3B

Nucleus

Contractile

vacuoles

' These $um$ out e1cess w!ter


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The !rious or"!nees of the endomem%r!nes#stem !re interconnected structur!# !ndfunction!#

4.14 A re%ie& of the en*o+e+,r(ne s)ste+

Transport

vesiclefrom ER

Rou)hER

Transport

vesiclefrom Gol)i

Plasmamembrane

3acuole

L*sosomeGol)iapparatusNuclear

envelope

SmoothER

Nucleus

%igure !.$!

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042 Tour of the Cell