04 SKJ4632 Traditional Systems Development LifeCycle

8/13/2019 04 SKJ4632 Traditional Systems Development LifeCycle

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Quiz (5 marks)

• Identify the skills and sub skills needed for a

System Analyst.



SKJ4632

Principles of Software Design Specification

The traditional systems development

lifecycle



Topic & structure of the lesson

• The traditional systems development

lifecycle

– Stages (Phases) of Systems Development

– Project Initiation:

• Feasibility Studies

– Technical

– Operational

– Economic

– Schedule



Learning Outcomes

• By the end of this module, YOU should be

• able:

– describe two paradigms of analysis and

– design, specifically object-oriented and

– structured approaches



Key terms you must be able to use

• If you have mastered this topic, you should be

able to use the following terms correctly in

your assignments and exams:

– Systems Development Lifecycle

– Feasibility Studies

– PIECES framework



The System Life Cycle

• Software crisis – systems delivered were

– late

– over budget

– unreliable – difficult to maintain

– did not do what was required

•

System life cycle - an attempt to establishstructured approach to systems analysis anddesign





The System Life Cycle

• specified

– the general nature of activities involved in each

stage

– the sequence in which these activities should be

ordered

– the output or deliverables from each stage



The importance of feasibility study

• Why is feasibility study important?

– to determine whether a project has a reasonable

chance of success

• When are all projects feasible ?

– NO tight budgetary & time constraints



Technical Feasibility

• Process of determining whether the organization has

the technology resources to develop or purchase,

install, and operate the system.

–Is the proposed technology or solution practical?

– Do we currently possess the necessary technology?

– Do we possess the necessary technical expertise, and is

the schedule reasonable?

– If the technology is not available, can it be acquired?



Operational Feasibility

• The process of assessing the degree to which a

proposed system solves business problems or takes

advantage of business opportunities

• refers to a system that users will accept and useeffectively to support business objectives

• The PIECES framework can help identify operational

problems to be solved and their urgency



PIECES framework

• Performance

• Information

•

Economy• Control

• Efficiency

• Services



Schedule Feasibility

• The process of assessing the degree to which

the potential time frame and completion

dates for all major activities within a project

meet organizational deadlines and constraintsfor affecting change.





Economic feasibility

• consists of 2 tests :

– Is the anticipated value of the benefits greater

than projected costs of development? (cost /

benefit analysis)

– Does the organization have adequate cash flow to

fund the project during the development period?



Economic feasibility

• cost-benefit analysis

– process of identifying the financial benefits and

costs associated with a development project



Cost Classifications

• Tangible / Intangible costs

• Direct / Indirect costs

•

Fixed / Variable costs• Developmental / Operational costs





Strategies for cost-benefit analysis

• Payback Analysis

– Accumulated Benefits equal Accumulated Costs

• Return on Investment Analysis

– % of (total benefits – total costs) / (total costs)

• Net Present Value Analysis

– Value of a dollar years from now based on a

discount rate



Quick Review Question

• What is present value analysis and what does

it measure?

• What is the meaning of the phrase, time value

of money?



Follow Up Assignment

• Draw a chart which summarizes the stages of

the life cycle, and the deliverables at each

stage



Summary of Main Teaching Points

• The traditional systems development

lifecycle

– Stages (Phases) of Systems Development

– Project Initiation:

• Feasibility Studies

– Technical

–

Operational – Economic

– Schedule



Question and Answer Session

Q & A

Documents

04 SKJ4632 Traditional Systems Development LifeCycle