Basic Electronics

Basic Developmental tools

Breadboard

Multimeter

PCB/ECB

Solder Iron

Breadboard

This is the base for setting up the circuit.

Consists of metal strips forming a grid of connections inside its body

Allows us to take multiple connections from a single point without any need of soldering/disordering as in PCB/ECB

What is a ROBOT?

Breadboard

Breadboard

Breadboard

Multimeter

PCB/ECB

PCB/ECB

Soldering Iron

Basic Electronic Components

Basic Electronic Components

Resistors

Capacitor

Diode

Types

Fixed carbon Rheostat

Fixed wire-wound LDRs

Potentiometer Thermistors

Resistors

How voltage depends on the intensity of light?

What is the material of the track made on the LDR?

LDR

A resistor may have one or more fixed tapping points so that the resistance can be changed by moving the connecting wires to different terminals.

Variable Resistors

Rheostat/Potentiometer

Capacitors/Condenser

Device for storing electric charge

Types of Capacitors

Electronic Capacitor: Have specific polarity

Ceramic Capacitor: Don’t have fixed polarity

7µF 16v

Cathode Anode

C = 15x10^4 pF

Diodes

It is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts electric current in only one direction.

Biasing-It is a method of establishing predetermined voltages and/or current at various points of an electronic circuit to set an appropriate operating point

Thin bar depicts the cathode

Rating- 1000v/1.5A

Si diodeGe diode

Application

Rectification :Rectifiers are constructed from diodes, where they are used to convert alternating current (AC) electricity into direct current (DC).

Over voltage protection

Zener Diode

Used as a voltage regulator

LED (Light Emitting Diodes)

Emits light in forward bias.

LED (Light Emitting Diodes)

LED

Low Power Device

• Current should be less than 20 mA• 220 ohm resistance connected in series with LED

Used to display the outputs at various stages of the circuit

Switches

What is a SWITCH?

Binary device which interrupts the flow of electrons in a circuit by any physical or chemical process

Poles & Throws

•No. of contacts/leversPole

•No. of contact positions/ways/switching positions

Throw

Relay: Electrically Operated Switch

Solenoid is used to actuate a set of switch contacts

Relay

Controls a large amount of current and/or voltage with small electrical signal

Acts as binary amplifier (controls one electrical signal with other)

SPDT Relay