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Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb: A Threat for the West Defence Against Terrorism Review Vol.3, No. 1, Spring 2010, pp. 53-70 Copyright © COE-DAT ISSN: 1307-9190 Olivier GUITTA Adjunct Fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, Paris, France Abstract: GSPC. AQIM has radicalized itself over time using Iraqi tactics, including suicide bombings and also sending troops to Iraq. AQIM has also a multi-pronged strategy that includes kidnappings, narco-terrorism and alliances with various criminal and terror organizations around the world. The fact that AQIM has been spreading its wings in different parts of the African continent in addition to its historical base in Europe is very worrisome. In the past few years, AQIM has pulled off terrorist attacks in Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Mali, Mauritania, and has shown up one way or another in Nigeria, Niger, Somalia, Iraq and throughout Europe. AQIM has shown resilience and an ability to adapt to new situations, making it a dangerous and resourceful adversary. Keywords: Al Qaeda, Maghreb, Terrorism, Nexus between terrorism and criminality, international cooperation Introduction DISCLAIMER: The information, terminology used and views expressed in these publications are solely those of the authors and may not concur with the terminology nor represent the views of NATO, COE-DAT, or NATO member countries.

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Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb: A Threat for the West

Defence Against Terrorism ReviewVol.3, No. 1, Spring 2010, pp. 53-70Copyright © COE-DATISSN: 1307-9190

Olivier GUITTAAdjunct Fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, Paris, France

Abstract:

GSPC. AQIM has radicalized itself over time using Iraqi tactics, including suicide bombings and also sending troops to Iraq. AQIM has also a multi-pronged strategy that includes kidnappings, narco-terrorism and alliances with various criminal and terror organizations around the world. The fact that AQIM has been spreading its wings in different parts of the African continent in addition to its historical base in Europe is very worrisome. In the past few years, AQIM has pulled off terrorist attacks in Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Mali, Mauritania, and has shown up one way or another in Nigeria, Niger, Somalia, Iraq and throughout Europe. AQIM has shown resilience and an ability to adapt to new situations, making it a dangerous and resourceful adversary.

Keywords: Al Qaeda, Maghreb, Terrorism, Nexus between terrorism and criminality, international cooperation

Introduction

DISCLAIMER: The information, terminology used and views expressed in these publications are solely those of the authorsand may not concur with the terminology nor represent the views of NATO, COE-DAT, or NATO member countries.

1

2

3

Al-Qaeda in Europe: The New Battleground of International Jihad

Al-Qaeda in Europe

Jamestown Foundation Terrorism Monitor

Agence France Presse

Inside Al-Qaeda: Global Network of Terror

Post-Millennium

Al-Arabiya

10

11

12

13

AQIM’s Structure

Al-Jish al-Jaza’ari Yaqadi ‘ala z’aim al-Qa’ida Al-Arabiya

Al Qaeda in Europe

Inside al-Qaeda

Los Angeles Times

United Press International

13 faransa

Al-Sharq al-Awsat

Al-Sharq Al-Awsat

Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb: A Threat for the West

c

AQIM’s “Iraqi” Tactics

StrategicInsights

The New York Times

The New York Times

20

21

22

23

AQIM’s Arsenal

Echorouk

Ennahar

Washington Times

20 Middle East Online

21

22Annual Threat Assessment of the Intelligence Community for the Senate Armed Services

Committee

23

Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb: A Threat for the West

Ennahar

Washington Times

AQIM’s Kidnapping Business

Asharq al-Awsat

AQIM’s Drug Business

30

31

El MundoL’Expression

L’Expression

LeMonde

Los Angeles Times

The New York Times

Los Angeles Times

Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb: A Threat for the West

32

33

AQIM’s Identity Problem

Le Monde

El Watan

Echorouk

The New York Times

Los Angeles Times

Jamestown Foundation Terrorism Monitor

Country Reports on Terrorism: 2008

Worldwide Incidents Tracking System

Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb: A Threat for the West

modus operandi

Mon Dernier Round

Jamestown Foundation Terrorism Monitor

Le Parisien

Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb: A Threat for the West

Le Soir D’Algérie

Le Monde

Le Figaro

Le Monde

needle in a sand dune.

The Wall Street Journal

Le Figaro

ElWatan

Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb: A Threat for the West

Le Figaro

The Nation

Le Monde

Washington Post

Le Monde

Washington Post

The Nation

Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb: A Threat for the West

L’ExpressionThe Wall Street Journal

The New York Times

La Tribune

International Cooperation

The New York Times

La Tribune

GuardianEl Pais

The New York Times

Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb: A Threat for the West

Conclusion