024a Nutrition.ppt

8/10/2019 024a Nutrition.ppt

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Figure 24.1b

Red meat, butter:use sparingly

Vegetables inabundance

Whole-grainfoods atmost meals

Daily excercise and weight control

(b) Healthy eating pyramid

Dairy or calciumsupplement: 12 servings

White rice, white bread,potatoes, pasta, sweets:

use sparingly

Fish, poultry, eggs:02 servings

Nuts, legumes:13 servings

Fruits:23 servings

Plant oilsat most

meals


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What are nutrients?

Essential substances that your bodyneeds in order to grow and stay

healthy

What is a Nutrient


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Nutrients

Some provide energy.

All help build cells and tissues, regulate bodily

processes such as breathing. No single food supplies all the nutrients the body

needs to function.


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Healthy Diets Require

Macronutrients Water

Amino Acids and Proteins

Lipids

Carbohydrates

Micronutrients Vitamins (B, C, A, D, E, K)

Minerals (Fe, Ca, P, Na, K)

Six categories of nutrients:


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Water

Solvent in which thechemistry of life occurs cell chemistry occurs in an

aqueous medium water carries essential nutrients

to cells

water carries metabolic wastes

away from cells hydrolysis & dehydration

reaction

stabilizes body temp
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=lYIsM16wCGvuaM&tbnid=PZSvbtGVUtkQtM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffitsystemsatx.com%2F2012%2F12%2Fwater-vs-coke%2F&ei=-D6QUYH6JomRiQLAwoCACQ&bvm=bv.46340616,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNGNKFnIgvXqv9QDM5Cm7IsceHPRiw&ust=1368494187760328http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=lYIsM16wCGvuaM&tbnid=PZSvbtGVUtkQtM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffitsystemsatx.com%2F2012%2F12%2Fwater-vs-coke%2F&ei=-D6QUYH6JomRiQLAwoCACQ&bvm=bv.46340616,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNGNKFnIgvXqv9QDM5Cm7IsceHPRiw&ust=1368494187760328


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Carbohydrates

Energy Metabolism Glucose is the fuel used by cells to

make ATP

Neurons and RBCs rely almost entirelyupon glucose

Excess glucose is converted to glycogenor fat and stored
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=b22Rk9p-SaRsJM&tbnid=AxiBNNtNvNzkvM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsabrinam.tpmsmagnet.com%2Fbodysystem%2Fdigestive.html&ei=hT-QUb-OBOaLjAKIhoCYBg&bvm=bv.46340616,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNGi6Oz8F1AuRfACvq-LpjrypgZa_w&ust=1368494318498279http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=b22Rk9p-SaRsJM&tbnid=AxiBNNtNvNzkvM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsabrinam.tpmsmagnet.com%2Fbodysystem%2Fdigestive.html&ei=hT-QUb-OBOaLjAKIhoCYBg&bvm=bv.46340616,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNGi6Oz8F1AuRfACvq-LpjrypgZa_w&ust=1368494318498279


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Carbohydrates

Dietary sources Starch (complex carbohydrates) in grains

and vegetables Sugars in fruits, sugarcane, sugar beets,

honey and milk

Insoluble fiber: cellulose in vegetables;

provides roughage Soluble fiber: pectin in apples and citrus

fruits; reduces blood cholesterol levels


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Carbohydrates

Dietary requirements

Minimum 100 g/day to maintain adequate

blood glucose levels Recommended minimum 130 g/day

Recommended intake: 4565% of totalcalorie intake; mostly complexcarbohydrates


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Carbohydrates

Dietary Fiber water-insolublefiber adds bulk to fecal

matter facilitating its passage through and

elimination from the digestive system water-solublefiber may absorb dietary

cholesterol, reducing its absorption by thedigestion tract


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Soluble Fiber Insoluble Fiber
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=M3tm6EJeM7sldM&tbnid=n9STsH16UZYhiM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdrugline.org%2Fail%2Fpathography%2F1777%2F&ei=8z-QUftd6pKJAtHZgaAO&bvm=bv.46340616,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNEUzVSpLxl2V5TL0R2QJiqrO1pTqA&ust=1368494417683692


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WheatSeed
http://www.psrseed.com/page10.html


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Lipids

Dietary sources Triglycerides

Saturated fats in meat, dairy foods, andtropical oils

Unsaturated fats in seeds, nuts, olive oil,and most vegetable oils

Cholesterol in egg yolk, meats, organmeats, shellfish, and milk products


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Lipids

Essential fatty acids

Linoleic and linolenic acid, found inmost vegetable oils

Must be ingested
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=CNB-u4C_ZuGRNM&tbnid=RqnUB_4UiY3kNM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcaloriecount.about.com%2Fcalories-oil-vegetable-safflower-salad-cooking-i4510&ei=50CQUfOwNsjPiwKcnoGwBw&bvm=bv.46340616,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNHCZMR90uLx4-Ien7hUWAHKxyILnA&ust=1368494691009851http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=CNB-u4C_ZuGRNM&tbnid=RqnUB_4UiY3kNM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcaloriecount.about.com%2Fcalories-oil-vegetable-safflower-salad-cooking-i4510&ei=50CQUfOwNsjPiwKcnoGwBw&bvm=bv.46340616,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNHCZMR90uLx4-Ien7hUWAHKxyILnA&ust=1368494691009851


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Essential uses of lipids in the body

Help absorb fat-soluble vitamins

Major fuel of hepatocytes and skeletalmuscle

Phospholipids are essential in myelinsheaths and all cell membranes

Lipids


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Lipids

Functions of fatty deposits (adiposetissue)

Protective cushions around body organs

Insulating layer beneath the skin

Concentrated source of energy
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ab3r9iQyiRguYM&tbnid=334TYgCZQDGNtM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.123rf.com%2Fphoto_11779693_human-skin-cutaway-diagram-with-several-details-2d-digital-illustration-with-clipping-path-on-white-.html&ei=30-QUYyjCIL2igL4q4CQCg&psig=AFQjCNGavt1tCx2ENW-tkA96M3cB88H6Qw&ust=1368498503070754http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ab3r9iQyiRguYM&tbnid=334TYgCZQDGNtM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.123rf.com%2Fphoto_11779693_human-skin-cutaway-diagram-with-several-details-2d-digital-illustration-with-clipping-path-on-white-.html&ei=30-QUYyjCIL2igL4q4CQCg&psig=AFQjCNGavt1tCx2ENW-tkA96M3cB88H6Qw&ust=1368498503070754


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Lipids

Regulatory functions of prostaglandins Smooth muscle contraction

Control of blood pressure Inflammation

Functions of cholesterol

Stabilizes membranes Precursor of bile salts and steroid

hormones


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Lipids

Dietary requirements suggested by theAmerican Heart Association

Fats should represent 30% or less of totalcaloric intake

Saturated fats should be limited to 10% or

less of total fat intake Daily cholesterol intake should be no more

than 300 mg


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Pathways of Lipid Metabolism


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Atherosclerosis

normal diseased


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Cholesterol: 35mg/dl LDL: Bad Cholesterol,


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Lowering Your Cholesterol Level

Eat healthy

Exercise

Lose wt.

Quit smoking

1 glass of wine or beer

Medications (Lipitor)


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Proteins

Enzymes Structural proteins (shape and

form of cells and tissues) Hormones Immunoglobulins (antibodies)


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Essential Amino

Acids

Tryptophan Methionine Valine

Threonine

Phenylalanine Leucine Isoleucine

Lysine Arginine Histidine

(infants)


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Proteins

Dietary sources

Eggs, milk, fish, and most meats contain

complete proteins Legumes, nuts, and cereals contain

incomplete proteins (lack some essential

amino acids) Legumes and cereals together contain all

essential amino acids


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Proteins

Uses:

Structural materials: keratin,collagen, elastin, muscleproteins

Most functional molecules:enzymes, some hormones


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Proteins

Use of amino acids in the body

1. All-or-none rule

All amino acids needed must bepresent for protein synthesis to occur

2. Adequacy of caloric intake

Protein will be used as fuel if there isinsufficient carbohydrate or fat available


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Proteins

Nitrogen balance

State where the rate of protein synthesis

equals the rate of breakdown and loss Positive if synthesis exceeds breakdown

(normal in children and tissue repair)

Negative if breakdown exceeds

synthesis (e.g., stress, burns, infection,or injury)


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Proteins

Hormonal controls

Anabolic hormones (GH, sexhormones) accelerate proteinsynthesis


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Complete ProteinsVersus

IncompleteProteins


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Vegetarian diet may result in proteindeficiency

Need essential amino acids beans lysine & isoleucine

corn tryptophan & methionine


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Transamination


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Vitamins

Organic compounds needed by thebody in small, but essential amounts

Cannot be synthesized by the body insufficient amounts

Function in a variety of ways in

metabolic reactions Thirteen known vitamins

W t S l bl


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Water-Soluble

VitaminsVersus

Water-InsolubleVitamins


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Vitamins

Pantothenic acidBiotin

B12(cyanocobalamin)

Folic acid

B6(pyridoxine)

C (ascorbic acid)

B1(thiamin)

B2(riboflavin)

Niacin
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=nk99XzHFRfCWJM&tbnid=0uBQHdMKuZfpYM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjillcastle.wordpress.com%2Ftag%2Fwater-soluble-vitamins%2F&ei=Y1KQUYPWA8rTigLPh4DoDw&psig=AFQjCNFK9WyWjEFh3eYK6Xlll_0NvsWjBw&ust=1368499156039493


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Water-Insoluble Vitamins
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=dNxyjS8jTctluM&tbnid=tVHPBmD9MSYqjM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moondragon.org%2Fhealth%2Fnutritionbasics%2Fvitamins%2Fvitamink.html&ei=NlSQUbaxCYa7igK7uYFg&bvm=bv.46340616,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNEEzywTRJMWmjKonGhSJ8AQDphIsw&ust=1368499566806738http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=g97OJ04XESITzM&tbnid=cPEdvNM6b8bQsM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwp.hepb.org%2F2011%2F08%2F25%2Fgot-hbv-adding-vitamin-d-to-your-diet%2F&ei=n1OQUZqcBMWYiALr8ID4Cw&bvm=bv.46340616,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNFx3A_ohYHEI-BeSitPhFq7EIrXSg&ust=1368499350445627http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=XQMgRyrEUEcGxM&tbnid=Kw5ZH79SrRxhXM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fideasforfatreducing.blogspot.com%2F2013%2F01%2Ffat-soluble-vitamins.html&ei=e1OQUa6zPKr8igL-9IHwDg&bvm=bv.46340616,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNFx3A_ohYHEI-BeSitPhFq7EIrXSg&ust=1368499350445627http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=cty2Vuyrbe1EzM&tbnid=8OEC54mgjnX00M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fpiercewholenutrition.blogspot.com%2F2010%2F03%2Ffat-soluble-vitamins.html&ei=YlOQUZ6eF6aaiAKjzYHABg&bvm=bv.46340616,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNFx3A_ohYHEI-BeSitPhFq7EIrXSg&ust=1368499350445627


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Minerals

Essential inorganic elements

Involved in a variety of

metabolic processesMajor minerals versus trace

minerals
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=SfK4OXrr_GB2QM&tbnid=wqzWqbI_8KdXnM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thevitaminmag.com%2Fdifferent-types-of-minerals%2F&ei=8kOQUbLFOuPrigKSiYCwCQ&bvm=bv.46340616,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNGb4oBmnD0mqgzrnsW2qFUOmjdiyQ&ust=1368495451486294


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Major Minerals

Calcium

Phosphorus

Magnesium

Sodium

PotassiumChlorine
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=zUfVo_g8gmljsM&tbnid=hOoFU07jRC6KdM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.petmd.com%2Fdog%2Fnutrition%2Fevr_dg_mineral-the_right_sources&ei=LESQUfPEBcXmiwLSn4DACw&bvm=bv.46340616,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNF_67fqiIRljMallBZGTarmwzDe2Q&ust=1368495487173560


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Trace Minerals

Iron

IodineFluoride

Zinc

Copper

Manganese

CobaltSelenium

Chromium

M l i h t


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An animal whose diet is missing one or

more essential nutrients.

Giraffe eats bone to get

phosphorus nutrient

Malnourishment


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Impaired cognitivedevelopment

Wont attain full heightMore susceptible to disease

and infection

Malnourishment


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Traditional Food in Hawaii

vs


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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nVYhr3xp0S8

Kalo: Our Brother
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nVYhr3xp0S8http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Klnn5bOvOLRHpM&tbnid=wYYBcDnPUHWoTM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Ftastyislandhawaii.com%2F2013%2F06%2F15%2Fulu-poi%2F&ei=4SEGUu7nMMa0ygGE7oAw&psig=AFQjCNFMu1f46Hyy8IHlB6CdiFHUlsBKuQ&ust=1376219910012074http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=T0FpF8b9D8_uZM&tbnid=mi7KrfwAL1uC2M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cultureofpermaculture.org%2Fblog%2F2009%2F05%2Fthe-indigenous-science-of-permaculture%2F&ei=tyEGUvzHD4u4yAG88oDwAQ&psig=AFQjCNFMu1f46Hyy8IHlB6CdiFHUlsBKuQ&ust=1376219910012074http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nVYhr3xp0S8


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Nutritional Value of Taro


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Approximately 24 millionpeople in the US havediabetes (10%)

Another 16 million have

a condition now knownas prediabetes

Diabetes Epidemic


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Diabetes Mellitus


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Type I Diabetes

hyposecretion of insulininsulin dependantjuvenile onset

Type II Diabetes

late onset (adult)insensitivity of cells to insulin

manage by exercise & diet


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sugar in blood and urine

urinate too often and produce too

much urine Too thirsty

Too hungry

Symptoms (Type I):


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Arteriosclerosis Cardiovascular problems

- Heart disease

- Stroke

- High blood pressure

Gangrene

Blindness

Kidney damage

Complications


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Insulin replacement

Pancreas transplant

Pancreatic cell transplant Fetal pancreatic islet cell transplant

Treatment:


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2010: U.S. spends $170 Billion Annually

Per Person:

Individuals with diabetes:$13,243/year

Individuals without diabetes:

$2,560/year

Cost $$$$

Ob it b l t d


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Obesity may be gene related

Leptin

- leptin levels appetite- loss of body fat leptin levels and appetite

and wt gain

potential medications for obesity

Obesity


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Obesity

O
http://calorielab.com/news/wp-images/post-images/fattest-states-2010-big.gif


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Here are the top 5 obese countries:

United States (34% of adults wereoverweight in 2008)

Mexico (30% in 2006) New Zealand (27% in 2007) Australia (25% in 2007)

United Kingdom (25% in 2008)

Lowest: Japan & Korea 3.2%

Obesity


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GMO


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What is a Genetically Modified Organism?

It involves the insertion of DNA fromone organism into another ORmodification of an organisms DNA in

order to achieve a desired trait.

Suntory "blue" rose

H d thi diff f M d l d hi ?
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Blue_Rose_APPLAUSE.jpg


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How does this differ from Mendel and his peas?

GM vs Selective Breeding

Selective breeding Slow Imprecise

Modification of genes that naturally occur inthe organism

GM

Very fast Precise Can introduce genes into an organisms that

would not naturally occur!

A i lt l b di


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Agricultural breeding

Traditional breeding changes organisms through

selection, while genetic engineering is more like the

process of mutation.

Genetically modified organisms
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=OdMfKyDTO9Y8_M&tbnid=iXwNrKVSDJssGM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsci.mpls.k12.mn.us%2Fgroos%2Fmr.-groos%2Fcopy_of_resources%2Fscience-units%2Fevolution-ss%2Fevidence-of-evolution&ei=ep2eUcbWFcPQiwL3zIDoCA&bvm=bv.47008514,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNGdD3VE7-SoqNb2DYigo1eOArKdmQ&ust=1369435859900833


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Genetically modified organisms

GMO i M di i


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GMO in Medicine

Insulin (e.g., SemBioSys GeneticsInc- saflower)

Clotting factors Atryn (anticoagulant).

Banana vaccines Cancer fighting eggs
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=uIrCBVk1b7hNAM&tbnid=gAF2iP5qcm17jM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.forestryimages.org%2Fbrowse%2Fdetail.cfm%3Fimgnum%3D5363757&ei=xn4GUpeMPOmQyAGm_4HADw&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNEXJ4rJLjmtr8TjjYeqnYqaj7F7MA&ust=1376243740104049http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Z0X7YDsj8VJXVM&tbnid=23mEniUqMvdJOM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fonetribewellness.com%2F18-healthy-things-a-banana-can-do-for-you%2F&ei=IHoGUp7COdKAygGu_IHwAg&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNECOjVVRnPBf3usd9SozNY-Mqu9dQ&ust=1376242586369790


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GMO in Biofuel

Algenol Biofuels Rapeseed (i.e., canola)
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=xt-_7d5wPreY9M&tbnid=yQMuceQWjveMkM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.freereporter.info%2Fwordpress%2F2012%2F01%2F30%2Fbiofuel-it-pollutes-more-than-crude-oil%2F&ei=wnsGUuGHDtKFyQHxv4HQAQ&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNEj8F9rhfdj6QKiW1-Y45WWB4cIDQ&ust=1376242983867469http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=BicVR-2pI6_cZM&tbnid=P2y0UqDfByAtwM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fgas2.org%2F2011%2F04%2F06%2Fcleantechnica-questions-surround-gmo-algea-biofuel%2F&ei=r3sGUsSiDeWFyQGIgIGQAQ&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNEj8F9rhfdj6QKiW1-Y45WWB4cIDQ&ust=1376242983867469


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GMO in Bioremediation

Enviropig i.e.,Frankenswine

Able to digest andprocess phosphate

Poplar trees removegroundwatercontaminants


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GMO in Pesticides

Kills caterpillars butnot poisonous tohumans

+

http://www.nature.com/cr/journal/v12/n2/full/7290120a.html
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=1U97MVP2B3D7-M&tbnid=gx7FjgTm30ecMM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffrontpagemag.com%2F2012%2Fdgreenfield%2Fthe-parable-of-the-islamist-scorpion%2F&ei=V3gGUqcFkbrIAcfngZgB&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNGxG1yUgvKgVdeX_RMtR26fD5a8sQ&ust=1376242130573685http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=1U97MVP2B3D7-M&tbnid=gx7FjgTm30ecMM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffrontpagemag.com%2F2012%2Fdgreenfield%2Fthe-parable-of-the-islamist-scorpion%2F&ei=V3gGUqcFkbrIAcfngZgB&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNGxG1yUgvKgVdeX_RMtR26fD5a8sQ&ust=1376242130573685


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GMO in Manufacturing

Produces silk in milkto make Biosteel

+

S ti ll difi d f d
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=W3pgQPF6ELfb9M&tbnid=rkNU_P1JoKWmUM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSpider_silk&ei=b3kGUs3uC-mIyAHt64GAAQ&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNHqwbcCw-Lg1odCKac4RTffjtLhag&ust=1376242362975782http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=XtoCUx3pY6IjwM&tbnid=wCUGbleXm5ALTM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fweirdbikeyartsters.tumblr.com%2Fpost%2F17158051191%2Fspider-silk-its-amazing-a-microscopic-view-of&ei=SHkGUoCrL-GdyQGG5oHYDw&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNHqwbcCw-Lg1odCKac4RTffjtLhag&ust=1376242362975782


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Bt crops

Some genetically modified foods

S ti ll difi d f d


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Roundup ready crops


Soybean

Some geneticall modified foods
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=XvIyxc7WOpKZcM&tbnid=tv95T-HO8CHfXM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.mercopress.com%2F2012%2F11%2F17%2Fafter-dreadful-year-great-expectations-in-argentina-with-2012-13-soybean-crop&ei=YoUGUoebOoOyyAHzioCYAQ&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNFf31DeesqPKU2EiS_tfztQVDDF-w&ust=1376245467903400


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Ice minus strawberries




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Golden rice




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Starlink corn
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Vhvu_G3rxGkQZM&tbnid=dWbGOIHBCvU5aM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FGenetically_modified_maize&ei=noYGUvXjB4qwygHAhoEg&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNGTy48ynaCDwNZriIZJD2b0CSZ9GA&ust=1376245780735760http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=uxWk0f5T7z8PqM&tbnid=1xBJbQPsUVTNxM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fucbiotech.org%2Fresources%2FECMC%2FECMC%2520SLIDES%2FECMC.html&ei=FoYGUorbLMmzyAHhzYCQAQ&psig=AFQjCNEh6RQ52zWUA1wsuBcDawNkcXgCgg&ust=1376245649499813


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Common GM Foods


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Common GM Foods

Products

Corn Canola Potatoes Tomatoes Squash Soybeans Flax

Cottonseed oil Sugarbeets

Common GM Foods


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Co o G oods


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Genetically Modified Foods

Cons Introducing allergens and toxins to food Accidental cross pollination

Antibiotic resistance Creation of "super" weeds and other

environmental risks

GMO C t i H ii
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=B9xwju10zhVVMM&tbnid=Y_Kv7h0X6xk7EM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fvillains.wikia.com%2Fwiki%2FAudrey_II&ei=-jaRUe3DN6L7iwKFmYA4&psig=AFQjCNGTn6HzPihXfJqqmS7JKDp_OyKOeA&ust=1368557627244872


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GMO Controversy in Hawaii

http://hawaiiseed.org/local-issues/taro/
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Oq07z_DVDMb8cM&tbnid=uFttwtziLPMkiM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.justfruitsandexotics.com%2FElephantEars.htm&ei=vDIGUtzIAqSayQGlxID4Bg&psig=AFQjCNFXC8vHmcbFdAe9d6YEhBKeXJi3gA&ust=1376224299977397


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Genetically Modified Foods

Pros Increased pest and disease resistance Grow food in harsh climate

Increased food supply (more food/acre) More nutritional value Make drugs

Ring spot virus


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Artificial Sweeteners

Reduced calories

Reduce tooth decay Diabetes Lower cost


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Artificial Sweeteners

Acesulfame potassium (Sunett, SweetOne)

Aspartame (Equal, NutraSweet) Neotame Saccharin (SugarTwin, Sweet'N Low) Sucralose (Splenda)

S


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Natural Sweeteners

Agave Corn syrup Honey Maple syrup

Sugar cane Stevia

Ten U S Dietary Guidelines
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=p3Ba-j6FcsywwM&tbnid=ytV6sE4CXbSi0M:&ved=0CAgQjRwwAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vancouvernutritionist.com%2Fblog%2Fvancouver-nutritionist-dangers-of-agave%2F&ei=6TWRUfqVA-aEiwKik4C4Cw&psig=AFQjCNGDUMKM9nyKgU0JJklT9yyj7nnvYQ&ust=1368557417099729http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Q2bfuyfVNSWPLM&tbnid=mwEKA0Nfy3AYLM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fscentdaily.blogspot.com%2F2011%2F07%2Fskin-tips-benefits-of-agave-nectar.html&ei=vTWRUZvwHYbMigKq24H4Cg&psig=AFQjCNE4VTkIu5hV2iJAEEWFdbqyRYjaDw&ust=1368557363965704


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Aim for Fitness

1. Aim for a healthy weight

Ten U.S. Dietary Guidelines
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=1mggnFOcGou-4M&tbnid=VeOQBSVZgiljlM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fhot-dogma.com%2F2013%2F03%2F04%2Fthe-swiss-approve-a-fat-cat-initiative%2F&ei=_zGRUePGFYnUigKOw4DQDQ&psig=AFQjCNFypM2hlJYBH92lLC2dyVBHZQbfRA&ust=1368556388541083


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2. Be physically active each day

Build a Healthy Base
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Dy3KXjxn7uUW8M&tbnid=917Kg_TXg2RLbM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hawaiilife.com%2Farticles%2F2012%2F09%2Foutrigger-canoe-paddling%2F&ei=GjORUeOaDMXmiwLSn4DACw&psig=AFQjCNGQX-TbrzceMdq83Fgsi6kWgeYDyw&ust=1368556683386868


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3. Let the pyramid guide your choices

4. Choose a variety of grains daily, especially

whole grains

5. Choose a variety of fruits and vegetables

daily.

6. Keep food safe to eat.

Choose Sensibly


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7. Choose a diet that is low in saturated fat and cholesterol

and moderate in total fat

8. Choose beverages and foods to moderate your

intake of sugars

9. Choose and prepare food with less salt

10. If you drink alcoholic beverages do so in

moderation

C ff /Ch l t /C ff i


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Coffee/Chocolate/Caffeine

Increases blood flow to brain Increases memory Lowers blood pressure Lowers risk of heart disease More alert and awake

INQUIRY
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=MSU3uKZumSo42M&tbnid=UgrySkITjdduhM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spotcoffee.com%2F&ei=tVWQUZ6QE4bMigKq24H4Cg&bvm=bv.46340616,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNF0Zf_A-kQIhcMLM5-5KhzljXIjgQ&ust=1368500012478678http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=uGtDNrx-hljAeM&tbnid=66yNILeTFOjE9M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marksdailyapple.com%2Fwhy-you-should-eat-and-drink-high-cacao-dark-chocolate%2F&ei=TFWQUebULYiviQKN3YD4DA&bvm=bv.46340616,d.cGE&psig=AFQjCNEfwS91I9gqsUEA27ya1y1UFCVeow&ust=1368499907702495http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=vsIG_fzCXJsZZM&tbnid=tL5GgjcRmkteZM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffooducopia.com%2Fblog%2F2011%2F02%2Fare-gmo-foods-safe-to-eat%2F&ei=9IYGUoynGLKEygH-iYCAAw&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNE_JPkITkLesEGzr6AFI7fAIM0-tQ&ust=1376245840359612


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1. What are nutrients that the body needs but cant

synthesize on its own called?2. Which cells of the body, under normal

circumstances, must have energy in the form ofglucose in order to survive?

3. How does the body make use of dietarycholesterol?4. What is an incomplete protein?5. What trace element is necessary for wound

healing?

6. Neural tube defects are easily prevented by theadequate intake of ____ by pregnant mothers.

7. What carbohydrate can be found in a steak?8. Hemorrhaging could occur because of lack of

sufficient vitamin _____.
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=vsIG_fzCXJsZZM&tbnid=tL5GgjcRmkteZM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffooducopia.com%2Fblog%2F2011%2F02%2Fare-gmo-foods-safe-to-eat%2F&ei=9IYGUoynGLKEygH-iYCAAw&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNE_JPkITkLesEGzr6AFI7fAIM0-tQ&ust=1376245840359612http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=vsIG_fzCXJsZZM&tbnid=tL5GgjcRmkteZM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffooducopia.com%2Fblog%2F2011%2F02%2Fare-gmo-foods-safe-to-eat%2F&ei=9IYGUoynGLKEygH-iYCAAw&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNE_JPkITkLesEGzr6AFI7fAIM0-tQ&ust=1376245840359612


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Inquiry

1. Provide three potential benefits

and drawbacks of GMOs.2. What benefit does golden rice

provide?

3. What is a transgene?4. Which organism is most oftenused in GM?
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=vsIG_fzCXJsZZM&tbnid=tL5GgjcRmkteZM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffooducopia.com%2Fblog%2F2011%2F02%2Fare-gmo-foods-safe-to-eat%2F&ei=9IYGUoynGLKEygH-iYCAAw&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNE_JPkITkLesEGzr6AFI7fAIM0-tQ&ust=1376245840359612http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=vsIG_fzCXJsZZM&tbnid=tL5GgjcRmkteZM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffooducopia.com%2Fblog%2F2011%2F02%2Fare-gmo-foods-safe-to-eat%2F&ei=9IYGUoynGLKEygH-iYCAAw&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNE_JPkITkLesEGzr6AFI7fAIM0-tQ&ust=1376245840359612


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5. Dog breeds are an example ofA) Artificial selectionB) Natural selection

C) Genetic modification

Inquiry

Moment of Zen
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=rfrg5mH3e0hWoM&tbnid=GGRuDuP1Kn2-4M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcabbagesofdoom.blogspot.com%2F2012%2F11%2Fartificial-selection-versus-natural.html&ei=8n8GUuaWK9GyygHAxYDgAg&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNHg1sV-Z1slAwcTgSwoJdMaOlJs_Q&ust=1376244040951725http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=vsIG_fzCXJsZZM&tbnid=tL5GgjcRmkteZM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffooducopia.com%2Fblog%2F2011%2F02%2Fare-gmo-foods-safe-to-eat%2F&ei=9IYGUoynGLKEygH-iYCAAw&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNE_JPkITkLesEGzr6AFI7fAIM0-tQ&ust=1376245840359612http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=7yQG9NvOiwi4FM&tbnid=WymP6i7jo_5Y3M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.123rf.com%2Fphoto_1283212_chinese-crested-dog-hairless-dog-in-front-of-a-white-background.html&ei=ooAGUpGsDarlyQHiwIHIDw&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNGz-1-tKCQHSIoyiwwk5Tz93vi58Q&ust=1376244246919334http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=rfrg5mH3e0hWoM&tbnid=GGRuDuP1Kn2-4M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcabbagesofdoom.blogspot.com%2F2012%2F11%2Fartificial-selection-versus-natural.html&ei=8n8GUuaWK9GyygHAxYDgAg&bvm=bv.50500085,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNHg1sV-Z1slAwcTgSwoJdMaOlJs_Q&ust=1376244040951725


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Documents

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