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Evaluation and Selection of Dental Materials

Dr. Layla Abu Naba’a

BDS, PhD, MFD RCS

Assistant Professor of Prosthodontics

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OBJECTIVES

• What Are Biomaterials?• Selection Of Dm Is A Part Of The Dental Care

Spectrum• DM Is One Of The Fastest Developing Dental

Sciences, With Ancient Roots (History)• How Do You Select Your Material• How Are Dental Materials Evaluated• Role Of The Dental Team• How To Extract Dental Material Information • References

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WHAT ARE BIOMATERIALS?

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BIOMATERIALS

Definition:

• A none living material designed to

interact with a biological system

“Human Body”.

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DENTAL MATERIALS

Definition:The study of the materials related to the dental

treatment in terms of :

CompositionProperties Interactions with the oral environment Selection

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DM, The part of a spectrun

Dental CareEx

amin

atio

n

Dia

gnos

isH

alt ac

tive

Dis

ease

Stab

ilize

Reh

abili

tate

Prev

ent

Furt

her

Prog

ress

ion

DM

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VARIETIES of DM

Soft or hardIntra-oral or extra-oralRestorative

Direct or indirect restorative material Permanent or temporary Fixed or removable

Preventive Therapeutic protective

Auxiliary Required for the fabrication Not part of the final prosthesis

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GROUPS OF DM

•Metals

•Ceramics

•Polymers

•Composites

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DM is one of the fastest developing dental sciences, with ancient roots.

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HISTORY

2500 BCE Dental Diseases Treated

600-300 Bridges/ Gold Rings, Teeth

Romans Gold Shells, Fixed Bridges Full And Partial Dentures

1700 Ivory Basis And Natural Teeth Dentures 1700 Porcelain Teeth

1844 Vulcanate Denture Base

650 -1800 Silver Paste

1846 Band Amalgam

1850 Vulcanite (Sulphur Hardened Rubber)

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HISTORY

1879 Zinc Phosphate Cement

1880 Sillicate Cements Are Developed

1895 Amalgam Formula

1855 Gold Foil

1907 Casting Gold Inlays

1932 Resins For Denture Bases

1955 Acid Etching

• 1874 Fluorides

• 1945 Fluoridation Of Water

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HISTORY 1950s Acrylic Resin For Fillings/ Dentures

1955 Acid-etch Technique For Enamel

1970 Composites Replace Silicate Cements

1976 Glass-ionomer Cements

1978 Light-activated Composites Appear On The Market

1983 Resin-bonded Ceramic Veneer

1985 Dentine Bonding Agents

1988 Resin-modified Glass-ionomer

1994 Compomer

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How do you select the material?

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AnalysisSituations requiring the dental material provide

different conditions Example

Filling material• Age• Position• Depth of cavity • Colour • Stress

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RequirementsWhat are the criteria the dental material must

have to perform optimally in the previous situation

FillingsAdhesive ColourCompatible with other material

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Available material

In the country

In the store

In the surgery

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Choice of material

Knowledge

Personal preference

Experience

Quality

Application

Cost

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Evaluation of dental materials

Quality assurance

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Standard Specifications

Identifies the required properties

of material to insure satisfactory

performance if the material is

properly manipulated.

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Standard Specifications

Develop new specifications (a minimal

permissible result)

Review old standards regularly

Look for evidence of

Safety

Efficacy evidence

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Quality assurance Bodies and Programs

American National standards institute (ANSI) American Dental Association (ADA)

Standards committee for dental products (SCDP)Council on scientific affairs (CSA)

Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Federation Dentaire internationale (FDI) International organization for Standardisation

(ISO) ISO technical committee, ISO TC 106-

Dentistry CE

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Sources of Standards information Research organisations

Universities

Dental Profession

Manufacturers

Users

Consumer groups

Dental vendors

Testing laboratories

Governments

• Laboratory evidence

(in-vitro)

• Clinical Evidence

(in-vivo)

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Role Of The Dental Team

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Dentists, Assistants & Technicians

Proper Selection

Care

Safety

Delivery

Application

Use and handling

Disposal

Advice

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How to extract information

Get the most of what you have

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Sources of DM Knowledge Text books (Basic) Professional journals (Scientific) Lectures (General) Review bodies (Comparisons) Certificates prerequisites (Detailed) Materials containers, leaflets and packages (Use) Internet links Manufacturers Expert personal contact Material representatives

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Evidence based knowledge;Clinical studies

Systematic review articles, meta analysis

Critical reviews

Long term clinical trials

Cohort studies on subjects

Follow up studies of material longevity

Short term clinical studies

Animal experiments

Physical properties data

In-vitro experiments

Deductions from clinical trials

(if more F release then less caries, high strength ceramics have less failure)

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Examples of Review bodies

• Reality

• Dental advisor

• Clinical research associates

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The package

• Name of the material• Company or manufacturer details• Main and sub category• Uses• Ingredients• Contents• Approval body• Production and expiry dates

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The package

• Storage (Temperature and humidity) • Dispensation method• Working and Setting times• Handling (read symbols)• Safety instructions• Disposal method recommended• Other specifications

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Storage6

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Clinical use6

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Caution and Safety6

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Thank you

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REFERENCESNAME AUTHORS

PUBLICATION COMPANY

ED YEAR CODE

Clinical experience,Assistant professor, Prosthodontics

Dr Layla Abu-Naba'aBDS, PhD, MFDRCS

Jordan university of Science and Technology

2006

Philips Science of Dental Materials

Kenneth J.Anusavice

Saunders Publications

11 2003

Applied Dental Materials J.F. McCabe Blackwell Scientific

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Introduction to Dental Materials Van Noort Mosby 2 2002

Dental Materials and Their Selection

William J. ObrienQuintessense Books

32002

Dental Materials. Clinical Applications for Dental Assistants and Dental Hygienists

CD. Hatrick et al Saunders Publications

1 2003

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