01 TH engl. 12 - Panel Depot...(depressions) or streaks (bumps) already on the sub-strate plates, before glue and RESOPAL were applied, which later, with the composite board, under

Design notes

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16. RESOPAL Excellent composite material

1. General

The composite material RESOPAL Excellent basical-ly comprises a material composite made from a sub-strate with RESOPAL bonded on both sides. Thisproduces a building material which, depending onthe characteristics of the substrate selected, can beadapted to meet workpiece-specific requirementsfor:- fire-proofing- moisture-proofing / damp-proofing- sound-proofing / acoustics- heat insulation / cold insulation.

RESOPAL + Span Excellent on a chipboard qualitywooden substrate conforming to DIN 68 761, withRESOPAL surfaces on both sides is used for generalcompletion of the interior.

The composite material RESOPAL Excellent isbasically available within our order program.

1.1 Advisory noticeUnder the existing terms of delivery, RESOPALGmbH is only liable for the quantity of the productsit supplies. It can accept no liability whatsoever forsubstructure, static, the effects of assembly or anyother additional risks which may arise. As we canbring no influence to bear on the way in which theyare employed, any recommendations made by RESOPAL GmbH, whether in verbal or writtenform, are without obligation, and cannot give rise toany possible claims.

2. Transportation and handling

Stack-carrying transport units effect transportationand delivery from the RESOPAL FACTORY. Thestack is secured with a steel band and the surfaces arecovered by protective paper.

3. Machining notes

In principle, the machining notes given elsewhere forcomposite boards also apply to RESOPAL Excellentcomposite material. Supplementary considerationsare given below.

The material characteristics of special substrates,for example, expanded mica boards with densities ofapproximately 700 - 850 kg/m3, are vastly different tothe values of standard chipboard.

Special substrates have less transverse tensilestrength and this must be taken into consideration in

structural joints. Full length fixtures are thereforerecommended for mounting attachments.

It is mandatory to follow the processing directionsfrom the manufacturing plants.

3.1 Surface strengthThe delamination strength of the bonds is dependenton the strength and density of the substrate used.This can lead to the surface layer of the substrateseparating, if sufficient force is brought to bear in adelamination test. There is no evidence, thus far, ofindependent delamination caused, for example, bythe mechanical effects of transportation or exposureto climatic variation.

For extreme applications, we request that you con-sult the factory.

Edges subject to attack from moisture or impactshould be protected by edge bands.

3.2 Surface characterSpecial substrates are sometimes made from inorga-nic material with special characteristics, for example,non-inflammability. The machining properties, forexample, for sawing or grinding, generally differfrom the optimum conditions for chipboard. In addition to this, there could have been marks(depressions) or streaks (bumps) already on the sub-strate plates, before glue and RESOPAL wereapplied, which later, with the composite board, undercertain lighting conditions and at certain angles ofincidence, could become obvious on the RESOPALsurface. In this respect, the scale on which the surfa-ces are machined, for example for partition walls,should be coordinated to the technical possibilities ofthe conditions under which the substrate was manu-factured.

3.3 ExtractionWith special substrates, dust particles are usuallyheavier and finer than with chipboard.

With non-inflammable substrates, the shavings arealso, of necessity, non-inflammable.

Therefore, if working continuously with suchmaterials, it is worth increasing the flow rate of theextraction system and setting the filtering or vibra-ting devices to fine dust. The non-inflammable dustwill be passed through a separating filter to a contai-ner and disposed of accordingly. If the shavings arerecycled in an incinerator, this leads to a greater buildup of slag.

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RESOPAL Excellent composite material Substrate Adhesives Adhesivesclassification for for

Product category under structural edgedesignation DIN 4102 bonds bonding

XV / VV expanded mica A2 KH–R KH–R

XG / VG plasterboard A2 KH–R KH–R–S

XW / VW chipboard and expanded mica A2 KH–R KH–R

XB flame retardant chipboard B1 KH–R KH–R

XK / XM chipboard B2 D–KH–R–S D–KH–R–KP–S

XF damp-proofed chipboard B2 D–KH–R–S KH–R–S

XH AW 100 plywood B2 KH–R KH–R

VS expanded mica SBG special specialapproved formulation formulation

KH-R KH-R

Bonding: choice of adhesive for structural joints and edge bonding for the specialsubstrates used with Excellent composite material

Key:KH = condensation adhesives e.g. urea KP = contact adhesivesR = two-pack adhesives e.g. epoxy / PU e.g. polychloropreneD = dispersion adhesives e.g. PVAc S = hot melt adhesives

It is mandatory to follow all the manufacturer’s directions when preparing, handling and using these adhesives

17. Wall cladding with RESOPAL

1. General

Because of the hard-wearing surface, wall and surfacecladding with RESOPAL products will give a spaceelement of lasting value.

Large-area wall cladding, whether elements aresuperimposed or side by side, is always installed withgroove and tongue and a pronounced joint.

2. Large-area wall cladding with RESOPAL composite elements with vertical partitioning

2.1 SurfacesThe options are plain colour RESOPAL, dessins in RESOPAL, RESOPAL reproduction or RESOPALMotif (sub-printing).

2.2 Board structureSubstrate (usually chipboard) veneered on bothsides with RESOPAL. Use PVAc glues for gluing, if possible.

2.3 Sub-structure:Comprising, for example a vertical and a horizontalgrid of laths (also refer to drawings).

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AB

A20

B

60

1200 120020

Section from A to A

Section from B to B

RESOPALsubstrateback of RESOPALair circulationtimber interlockbattensspreader dowelvertical lath gridhorizontal lath gridedge of RESOPALskirting board of RESOPAL Massivbrickworktop surface ofthe floor

2345

66 7

78

8

910

1112

50

50 mm

50 mm

500

1200 mm

22

22

19

202,5

1,2

500

mm

2027

50 m

mca

. 60

1

2

3

45

9

11

12

Fig. 1

Fig. 2 Fig. 3

Partial view

10

1

2.4 Assembly:

2.4.1 The vertical lath grid is attached to the brick-work with dowel pins and screws

2.4.2 The horizontal timber interlock battens arescrewed to the vertical lath grid, at a distance ofapproximately 50 cm.

2.4.3 Boards are suspended in sequence and pushedinto the grooves. Joint spacing approximately 2 mm - 3 mm.

2.4.4 The skirting boards are screwed to the verticallath grid, making sure that there is room for the airto circulate.

Other types of construction are frequently usedwith RESOPAL Massiv (see Section 4).

Important: In all the applications shown here, it isimportant that there is adequate back ventilation.

3. Additional tried and tested assembly options for RESOPAL composite elements

3.1 Joint formation with a combined tongue

3.1.1 A lath frame is attached to the brickwork withspreader dowels.

3.1.2 Substrate materials (chipboard, veneerplywood, etc.), bonded on both sides with

RESOPAL are mounted in sequence on the existinglath frame. An element is lined up, the tongue is inserted in the existing groove and screwed in.

3.1.3 A dry RESOPAL strip is placed on the tongue.

3.1.4 The grooved edge of the next wall element ispushed onto the tongue.

3.2 Joint formation with a false tongue

3.2.1 The wall elements covered with RESOPAL onboth sides are permanently joined to the lath grid inthe corner.

3.2.2 Because of the rigid corner design, the connec-ting boards must be able to work on both sides. Theindividual elements are joined together by tongueand groove joints.

3.3 Joint formation with a milled tongue

3.3.1 A lath frame is set up here as well.

3.3.2 The edges of the wall elements to be joined aremilled.

3.3.3 Each time, the left-hand wall element is screwed to the lath frame and the right-hand elementis pushed into the groove of the left-hand element.

3.3.4 The joints can be coloured or sprayed (silicone).

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43

2 51

1

2

3

1

1

4

2

34

1

1

RESOPALsubstratelath gridbrickworkfalse tongue

123

3

45

Fig. 5 Fig. 6

Fig. 4

Key for figures 4 to 6

4. Assembly options when using RESOPAL Massiv

4.1 Application example: wall cladding for a single lightweight partition wall

4.2 Application example: wall cladding for a flame retardant lightweight partition wall

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RESOPAL-Massivceiling connection

RESOPAL-Massivwall cladding≥ 10.0 mm

Alu-Z-railsscrewed toRESOPAL-Massiv

Alu-Z railsriveted tometal stanchions

metal stanchion

Alu-U channel

plinth formationas floor

OKFF

RESOPAL-Massivcover strip

Alu-Z rails screwed up to the lightweightstanchion

fire retardantwall boards,e.g. Promatect

RESOPAL-Massivwall cladding≥ 10.0 mm

Bostik pad stripfixing in thecentral area

vertical jointformationsee 4.4. example b)

Alu-U channelscrewed to stanchion

skirting board fromRESOPAL-Massiv

permanently flexibleseal withthe floor

Fig. 7

4.3 Application example: wall cladding on asolid wall

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4.4 Application example for butt joints

a) – with groove and tongue. Joint undercut andgiven a permanently elastic seal

c) – with groove and tongue. Fixing: screw couplingby extended groove cheek side

d) – with alu section Z and flat. Screw couplingdirectly into the RESOPAL-Massiv board

b) – with hat section and retainer welded to lightweight stanchion

For all butt joints, take board expansion into account.

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Wall cladding with hiddenfixing and a rounded corner. Groove and ton-gue butt joint, alu-UK with support channel,clamp and RESOPLAN special screw.

112

Corner formationformed RESOPAL-Massiv

corner formation, mitre cutand strongly chamfered. Joint screw coupling usingalu elbow

corner formation circular milling with groove and tongue

4.6 Application example: protective wall strip, visible fixing to brickwork

4.7 Application example: protective wall strip visible fixing to stanchions

Caution: Drill hole in RESOPAL-Massivmust be made correspondingly larger.

Washers are used, if necessary.

4.5 Application example: protective wall strip / corner formation

butt joint onmetal stanchion

fixing on lightweightpartition wall

Caution: Drill hole in RESOPAL-Massiv must be madecorrespondingly larger. Washers are used, if necessary.

Fig. 12

Fig. 10 Fig. 13

Fig. 11

e.g.hardwood

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18. RESOPAL and fire safety

Note

As a material for use in the completion of the interi-or, RESOPAL not only guarantees safety throughquality, but also through its good behaviour in fire,which often has a crucial part to play in buildings, aswell as in shipbuilding and vehicle construction. Inthis respect as well, RESOPAL is able to meet thegiven requirements. A high ignition temperature, lowspread of flame, no burning dripping, smoke deve-lopment and fume toxicity as for conventional buil-ding materials, these are some of the additionaladvantages which RESOPAL brings to these applica-tions. And because RESOPAL does not contain anychlorine or other halogens, the fumes do not disruptthe electronic control and alarm systems, neither dothey contribute to consequential fire damage, by causing corrosion in machines and buildings.

RESOPAL is normally used in a composite withother materials. Special measures are necessary, there-fore, to ensure that the materials are compatible. Wehave extensive experience in this respect, especiallyin shipbuilding. This experience was collected from working with the manufacturers of substrates, withprocessors and with users.

In order to be able to find the best solution forusing RESOPAL in special cases, it is necessary toknow the terms which mark fire behaviour, the rele-vant legal requirements and the characteristics of thematerials used.

1. Distinguishing building materials and building components in connection with the use of RESOPAL, in particular under DIN 4102

1.1 Explanatory notesMany, if not most of the regulations concerning firesafety, contain separate classifications for buildingmaterials and building components.

RESOPAL can either be used on its own or in acomposite with a substrate as a building material orin a building component.

Examples of RESOPAL as a building material:

- RESOPAL format boards- RESOPAL cut-to-size pieces- RESOPAL Excellent- RESOPAL furniture elements- RESOPAL on organic or inorganic substrates- RESOPAL-Massiv- RESOPLAN facade panels

Examples of RESOPAL construction elements asbuilding components:-

- partition walls with RESOPAL surfaces- doors with RESOPAL surfaces- cupboard units with RESOPAL surfaces as

partitions

In Germany, the fire behaviour of building materialsand building components is classified under DIN 4102.

Building materials, classification under DIN 4102,Part 1, May 1981

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A non-combustibleA1 building materialsA2

B combustible building materials

B1 low flammability building materials

B2 moderately flammable building materials

B3 highly flammable building materials

Building Building termmaterial class

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Building components, classification under DIN 4102, Part 2, September 1977

Fire resistance Fire endurance Building material class of Abbreviationrating minutes building materials used for

significant parts*) other parts

B B F 30 – BF 30 ≥ 30 A B F 30 – AB

A A F 30 – A

B B F 60 – BF 60 ≥ 60 A B F 60 – AB

A A F 60 – A

B B F 90 – BF 90 ≥ 90 A B F 90 – AB

A A F 90 – A

B B F 120 – BF 120 ≥ 120 A B F 120 – AB

A A F 120 – A

B B F 180 – BF 180 ≥ 180 A B F 180 – AB

A A F 180 – A

If the following is a requirement

fire-retardant

fire-retardant and in the load-bearing parts, made from non-combustible building materials

fire-retardant and made from non-combustible building materials conforming to DIN 4102 Page 2 Section 3.3.2

fire-retardant and made from non-combustible building materials

fireproof

fireproof

*) Significant parts include:a) all load-bearing or bracing parts; with non-load bea-

ring building components, this also includes those components which effect their stability (e.g. frame-work constructions of non-load bearing walls)

b) for space-enclosing components, a full-length layer at building component level which must not be dest-royed when testing for this standard.

For special building components (non-load bearingoutside wall elements, parapets and similar) there areratings corresponding to the listed fire resistanceratings F 30 to F 180, with the designations W 30 toW 180, for fire barriers, for example doors, rollerblinds, etc., with the designations T 30 to T 180 andfor ventilation ducts L 30 to L 120 and K 30 to K 90(DIN 4102, Parts 3, 5 and 6, Sept. 1977).

The allocation of a fire resistance rating to the terms“fire-retardant” and “fireproof”, as used in the buil-ding regulations, is made in the introductory regulati-ons. According to the February 1970 edition of DIN 4102, Page 2, “fireproof” conforms to the crite-ria of fire resistance rating F 90-AB in the currentedition. The following correlations are otherwiseapplicable:

It is considered to be fulfilled if current versions of the following standards areproven to be applicable

fire resistance ratingsF 30-B, F 30-AB, F 30-A

fire resistance ratingsF 30-AB, F 30-A

fire resistance ratingsF 30-AB, F 30-A

fire resistance rating F 30-A

fire resistance rating F 90-A

fire resistance ratings F 90-AB*), F 90-A

*) F 90-AB = fireproof: in some countries by exception and exemption provisions

For ceilings, this layer must have a minimum overallthickness of at least 50 mm; it is acceptable for there tobe cavities within this layer.

When assessing the fire behaviour of building materials,outer surface layers or other surface coatings can bedisregarded.

Test in electrically heated furnace at 750°Cuntil maximum temperature reached, butanyway, for at least 15 mins.

Chimney test”Brandschacht“

and eitherdetermining the calorific value (heat evolution) or test in fire-resistant oven for 15 mins

Chimney test”Brandschacht“

Small burner test”Kleinbrenner“

1.2 Test proceduresTest procedures for assessing fire behaviour, which are applicable to the construction industry in the Federal Republic of Germany, are also laid down in DIN 4102.

In addition to this, it is necessary to comply with

the approval standards published by the “DeutschesInstitut für Bautechnik in Berlin”, for non-combu-stible (class A) and flame retardant (class B) buildingmaterials which are obliged to show a mark of con-formity (class A).

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A *)

A1

A 2 *)

B

B 1 *)

B 2

B 3

1.2.1 Test procedures for building materials under DIN 4102, Part 1, May 1981

Building Test procedure Requirementsmaterialclass

For building materials of class A, it is necessary to provide substantiation regarding the secondary effects of fire (smoke density, toxic conflagration gases)

a) flames, smoldering and the development of ignitable gases, are not permitted

b) temperature increase ≤ 50 K

a) length of undecomposed test piecesin the middle ≥ 350mmno single value ≤ 200mm

b) average fume temperature ≤ 125°Cc) flames on back of test piece not

permittedd) no other claimsHu ≤ 16,800 kWs/m2 andHu ≤ 4,200 kWs/kgas for A1, but flash fires lasting no more than 20 s overall, are permitted

a) length of undecomposed test piecesin the middle ≥ 150mmno single value 0mm

b) average fume temperature ≤ 200°Cc) no other claims

Tips of flame should not reach reference mark at 150 mm until 20 seconds have expired

*) Under building regulations, building materials of class A, in so far as they include organic components, and building materials of class B1, require a mark of conformity, provided that they are not exempt from the obligation to show a mark of conformity.

For coatings and foils with a thickness of ≤ 1 mmand for finishes, applied to a substrate of buildingmaterial class A1 under DIN 4102 Part 4, it is notnecessary to determine the calorific value and carryout the oven test to be classified under buildingmaterial class A2 (A Approval Standards, July 1994, Sect. 4.3 a).

Building materials for facade cladding, in the chim-ney test ”Brandschacht“, are backed at 4 cm spacingby polyurethane foam panels (DIN 4102 - B1) (B1Approval Standards, August 1994, App. 2, Sect. 2.8).

1.3 Classification of RESOPAL

1.3.1 under DIN 4102

1.3.1.1 Under DIN 4102 Part 4 March 1981, standarddesign RESOPAL, without special substantiation, is mo-derately flammable (building material class B2), whichalso applies to composites with a defined chipboard.

1.3.1.2 F quality RESOPAL as a composite with asuitable substrate, or freely suspended in thicknessesof between 2 mm and 10 mm, is approved as a lowflammability building material (building material classB1). Approval Z-PA-III 2.411.

RESOPLAN F with a minimum thickness of 6 mm, is also approved for facade cladding elements as a lowflammability building material (building material classB1). Approval Z-33.2.11.

1.3.1.3 Expanded vermiculite boards of buildingmaterial class A1 (DIN 4102 Part 4), surfaced in-plantwith approximately 0.5 mm thick RESOPAL, have

passed a test as a non-combustible building material(building material class A2).

1.3.2 under other regulationsApart from standard DIN 4102, which is applicableto the construction industry in the Federal Republicof Germany, there are a great number of other testprocedures for grading building materials and buil-ding components, both in other countries and inother areas of application. A list of existing approvalsor test results applicable to RESOPAL products canbe found under item 4.

2. Legal requirements and fire safety regulations

In the federal states of the Federal Republic ofGermany, guidelines have been approved for the useof combustible building materials in building con-struction.

They include some regulations which are also inte-resting in connection with using RESOPAL in buil-ding construction. Extracts from them are repeatedhere.

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1.2.2 Test procedures for building components under DIN 4102, Part 2, September 1977

Fire resistance Test procedure Requirementsrating

F 30 duration of test 30 mins.



F 120 duration of test 120 mins

F 180 duration of test 180 mins

Flammability test on two test pieces of the same type, with one side exposed to the fire. The test pieces should correspond in dimension, construction, material, style of execution and assembly, to their practical application. For example, the dimensions for load-bearing wallsand intermediate walls should be atleast 2.0 m x 2.5 m (width x height).

During the test period, the fire must break through. Ignitable gassesmust not penetrate.

Increases in temperature at the measuring points in the middle ≤ 140 Kwith a maximum of 180 K. Retained thickness ≥ 10 mm or space-enclosingeffect must be retained (strength test).

N.B.: The usual finishes or coatings up to approximately 0.5 mm in thickness, do not impair the fire endurance of the building components.

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Guideline

2.1 Highly flammable building materials

The use of highly flammable building materials (class B3) is heavily restricted.

2.2 Wall cladding in rooms

The minimum classification authorized for use as wall cladding in rooms, apart fromemergency escape routes, is moderatelyflammable building material (class B2) and for high-rise buildings, low flammabilitybuilding material (class B1). Wall cladding made from moderately flammable building materials (class B2) is permitted for use in high-rise buildings, if the underneath of the adjacent ceiling is made from non-combustible building materials (class A).

2.3 Ceiling cladding

The minimum classification authorized for use in the manufacture of cladding in ceilings, except in emergency escape routes, is moderately flammable buildingmaterial (class B2). For high-rise buildings, this cladding should be manufactured from non-combustible building materials (class A).Ceiling cladding made from low flammabilitybuilding materials (class B1) can be permittedif the minimum classification used in the adjacent wall cladding is also low flammabilitybuilding material (class B1)

2.4 Outside wall cladding

For buildings of more than two full floors (apart from high-rise buildings) the minimum classification for outside wall cladding (even with back ventilation) is low flammability building material (class B1).

2.5 Emergency escape routes

In emergency escape routes, wall and ceiling cladding, as well as the underside of stairs in buildings of more than two full floors, must be made from non-combustible building materials (class A).In general, accessible corridors of buildings with more than two full floors and in stairwells with essential stairs, it is not permissible to use screens and built-in components made from combustible building materials (class B).

Usability of RESOPAL

RESOPAL is not a highly flammable building material, but under DIN 4102, Part 4, March 1981, as HPL under DIN EN 438-1 without specialsubstantiation, a building material of class B2.

Depending on the version, RESOPAL belongs to building material classes B1 or B2.

Depending on the version, RESOPAL is either a low or moderately flammable building material.

Special AMU version RESOPAL in a composite with a suitable substrate, is a non-combustible building material.

RESOPLAN F is a low flammabilitybuilding material.

Expanded vermiculite boards of building material class A (DIN 4102, Part 4)covered in-plant with approximately 0.5 mm of RESOPAL have passed a test as non-combustiblebuilding material (building material class A2).

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Building materialclass

A

A1

A2

B

B1

B2

Building authority designation

non-combustible building materials

combustible building materials

low flammability buildingmaterials

moderately flammable building materials

Possible uses of RESOPAL or selection of suitable material combinations

RESOPAL as a composite with expanded vermiculiteboards (RESOPAL Excellent XA) with the approval ofthe building supervisory authority in individual cases

F quality RESOPAL with building authority approvalon non-combustible substrates or on flame-retardant chipboard. RESOPLAN F for outside wallcladding.

All RESOPAL boards even in composites with wood-based materials with a density of ≥ 600 kg/m3 and athickness of > 2 mm for an all-over non-thermopla-stic joint without special substantiation.RESOPLAN for outside wall cladding

Fire resistance rating abbreviation

F 30F 60

F 90F 120F 180

F 30-AtoF 180-A

Possible uses of RESOPAL and the selection of suitable material combinations, as well as recommendations for the construction of building components

RESOPAL as the surface of partitions, e.g. bonded to chipboard, usually in a double layer construction. A suitable seal to the adjacent building component (floor/wall/ceiling) must be provided.

RESOPAL as the surface of partitions, e.g. bonded to chipboard. A 2-layer construction is advisable and it should include at building component level, a full-length layer of building materials from class A. The seals (see above) play an important part.

In these cases, RESOPAL itself can be used as an outer surface layer, as it is disregarded in the assessment of the fire behaviour of the building materials. If it is expedient to use coated boards as a space-enclosing, full length layer, it is sufficient for the uncoated board, including any troweling work to be proven (approval, mark of conformity or DIN 4102 Part 4) to be non-combustible (class A1 or A2). The same applies to any surface coatings subsequently applied, such as veneers, wallpapers, coats of paint and also to RESOPAL.

3.2 for prescribed fire resistance rating ofbuilding components under DIN 4102

The fire endurance of building components is not impai-red by coverings of up to 0.5 mm thick.

For walls classified under DIN 4102, Part 4, March1981, it is permissible to arrange for additional cladding;

where applicable, however, for example, in emergencyescape routes, high-rise buildings, schools and places ofassembly, you must observe building authority require-ments.

Otherwise it is enough to use standard version RESOPAL (B2 under DIN 4102).

3. Selection of suitable material combinations

3.1 for the prescribed building material class under DIN 4102

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3.3 under other regulationsApart from DIN 4102 and the guidelines for the useof combustible building materials in building con-struction, which apply to building rights in theFederal Republic of Germany, there are a confusingnumber of test procedures and provisions in otherareas throughout the world.

The Table “Approvals and the results of fire testing”will tell you which RESOPAL product is suitable forwhich area of fire safety.

4. Approvals and the results of fire testingValid: September 1996The construction industry

Classification Comments Test method /test institute

Product HPLthick-ness(mm)

Productcode

B-1.1 Country: A - Austria

B-1.2 Country: A - Austria

B-2 Country: CH - SwitzerlandLicensing association, authority: Vereinigung kantonaler FeuerversicherungenLicense No., -Date TA no. 5387 28.3.1991

low flammabilityB1slight smoke prod.Q1non-dripTr 1

low flammabilityB1slight smoke prod.Q1non-dripTr 1

Fire classification number5 (200°C). 3

RESOPALRESOPAL forming elementsRESOPAL Excellent composite material

RESOPLAN F

RESOPLAN F

bondedwith resorcinol resinon FR-chipboardTest report BV-number 2418/84 dated 04.10.1984

Test reportMA 39-F547/83 dated 18.11.1983Position on toxicity of conflagration gasesMA 39-A75/84 dated 25.06.1984

BVD certificate of inspection No. 124/90dated 10.12.1990

ÖNORM B 3800 Part 1Schlyter test,smoke boxBrandverhütungs-stelle für Oberösterreich

ÖNORM B 3800 Part 1Schlyter test,smoke box

Versuchs- undForschungsanstaltVienna

Wegleitung für Feuerpolizei-vorschrift 1976small burner test”Kleinbrenner“

Brand-Verhütungs-Dienst für Industrie und Gewerbe

-

4-10

4-10

DB, DVES

XE

DC

DC

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Productcode

B-3.1 Country: D - Federal Republic of Germany

B-3.2 Country: D - Federal Republic of GermanyLicensing association, authority: Deutsches Institut für BautechnikLicense No., Date: Z-PA III 2.411 - 29.08.1996

B-3.3 Country: D - Federal Republic of GermanyLicensing association, authority: Deutsches Institut für BautechnikLicense No., Date: PA-III 2.1185 - 23.08.1991

see Section 1.3.1.3

Class B1 underDIN 4102 Part 1low flammability


RESOPAL forming elements

RESOPAL Excellent composite material

RESOPAL FRESOPAL-Massiv FRESOPAL forming elementsRESOPAL Excellent composite material

RESOPLAN F

0.5

≥ 0.5

at least

6

–

DFDFES

XB

DC

Expanded vermiculite boards A1 surfaced(DIN 4102 Part 4) with RESOPAL in-plant

bonded with resorcinol resin or urea resin glue on solid, mineral substrate, calcium silicate boards, expanded mica boards (Thermax A) or at least 13 mm thick flame-retardant approved chipboards(WIDOPLAN B1)≥ 2 mm thick

boards also freely suspended

General building approval Z-33-2-11has been granted, to enable use as facade cladding elements

DIN 4102 Part 1,chimney test ”Brand- schacht“ calorificvalue, smoke densityand medical assess-ment of fumes

Forschungs- und Materialprüfungs-anstaltBaden-WürttembergOtto-Graf-Institut Stuttgart

DIN 4102 Part 1,chimney test”Brandschacht“


DIN 4102 Part 1,chimney test ”Brand-schacht“ backed withthermal insulation


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Productcode

B-3.4 Country: D - Federal Republic of GermanyLicensing association, authority: Deutsches Institut für BautechnikLicense No., Date: Z-PA-III 2.2546 - 13.06.1995


Class B2 underDIN 4102 Part 1moderatelyflammable

Class M1non-flammable

Class AunderDS 1065-1

Class M1non-flammable

RESOPLAN B1

RESOPAL and RESOPLAN on its own and as a composite

RESOPLAN F

RESOPLAN F

RESOPAL F

at least

3

at least 0.5

6-10

10

0.8 to8

DC

alle.g.DA,

DV, EN XC etc.

DC

DC

DF

For general outside use except thermally resistant back-ventilated facades

under DIN 4102 Part 4, March 1981,without special substantiation B2, alsoas a composite withdefined chipboard

Test report 96.42026dated 25.07.1996

Test CertificateF9334 dated 11.08.1994

Test report 92.34706-1dated 21.01.1993

DIN 4102 Part 1,chimney test ”Brandschacht“Forschungs- und Materialprüfungs-anstaltBaden-WürttembergOtto-Graf-Institut Stuttgart

DIN 4102 Part 1,small burner test”Kleinbrenner“indoors

P92 507Irradiation test(détermination du degré d’inflammabi-lité par rayonnement)Centre Scientifique & Technique du Batiment (CSTB)

P92 507Irradiation test (détermination du degré d’inflammabi-lité par rayonnement)Centre Scientifique & Technique du Batiment (CSTB)

DS/INSTA 412 (NT Fire 004) Box method after Brauns

ISO 5657 (NT Fire 033)Danish Institute ofFire Technology, Copenhagen

B-3.5 Country: D - Federal Republic of Germany

B-4 Country: DK - DenmarkLicensing association, authority: Boligministeriet

B-5.1 Country: F - FranceLicensing association, authority: French Department of the Interior

B-5.1 Country: F - FranceLicensing association, authority: French Department of the Interior

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Class 0 RESOPLAN F

WARRES No. 44617 and 44740 dated 16.09.1988

BS 476 Part 6(Fire propagation)BS 476 Part 7(Surface spread of flame)Yarsley Technical Centre Ltd., Warrington Fire Research Centre

6-10

(10)

DC

Class 0 RESOPAL-Massiv F Certificate No. C 70307/3 and 4 dated 08.12.1980

BS 476 Part 6(Fire propagation)BS 476 Part 7(Surface spread of flame)Yarsley Technical Centre Ltd.

(5) DF

Class 1 RESOPAL F Certificate No. C 67713/2 dated 08.04.1979

BS 476 Part 7(Surface spread of flame)Yarsley Technical Centre Ltd.

(1.3) DF

Class 1 RESOPAL forming elementsRESOPAL Excellent composite material

On vermiculite boards with urea resin glue Certificate No. C 72972/1 dated 07.12.1982


(0.8) EZ

XS, XT, XV

Grade 3 RESOPLAN F JIS A 1321(face test)Japanese Test Institute

(5) DC -


RESOPLAN F Test certificate F 9334dated 11.08.1994

DS / INSTA 412 (NT Fire 004) Box methodafter BraunsISO 5657 (NT Fire 033)Danish Institute of Fire Technology, Copenhagen

10 DC

Classification CommentsTest method /test institute


Productcode

B-6.1 Country: GB - Great BritainLicensing association, authority: British Board of AgreementLicense No., Date: 95/3118 - 28.03.1995

B-6.2 Country: GB - Great BritainLicensing association, authority: Building Regulations



B-7 Country: J - Japan

B-8 Country: N - Norway

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Productcode

Class 2 RESOPLAN F Report No. B-83-356dated June 1983

NEN 3883flame spreadflame flashoversmoke generationInstituut TNO voor Bouwmaterialen en Bouwconstructies

(6) DC

B-9.1 Country: NL - The Netherlands

Class 3 RESOPLAN ReportNo. B-83-356dated June 1983

NEN 3883flame spreadflame flashoversmoke generationInstituut TNOvoor Bouwmaterialen en Bouwconstructies

(6) DA

B-9.2 Country: NL - The Netherlands

no flame spread

RESOPLAN F - -4-10 DC

B-10 Country: PL - PolandLicensing association, authority: Institut Techniki Budowlanej License No., Date: 573/96 - 30.07.1996


RESOPLAN F Test certificateF 9334 dated 11.08.1994

DS/INSTA 412 (NT Fire 004) Box method after BraunsISO 5657 (NT Fire 033)Danish Institute of Fire Technology, Copenhagen

10 DC

B-11 Country: S - SwedenLicensing association, authority: Statens Planwerk


RESOPLAN F Test certificateF 9334 dated 11.08.1994

DS/INSTA 412 (NT Fire 004) Box method after BraunsISO 5657 (NT Fire 033)Danish Institute of Fire Technology, Copenhagen

10 DC

B-12 Country: SF - Finland

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low flame spread

RESOPAL FRESOPAL Excellent composite material

see D: “See-Berufs-genossenschaft”


0.8;1.2

DFXS

S-1.1 Country: B - BelgiumLicensing association, authority: Ministerie van Verkeerswezen, ZeevaartsinspectieLicense No., Date: LFS 29/81/86/91 - 04.09.1991

Shipbuilding and off-shore

low flame spread

RESOPAL RESOPAL forming elementsRESOPAL Excellent composite material



0.6;0.8;1.2

DB, DVEZ

XS

S-1.2 Country: B - BelgiumLicensing association, authority: Ministerie van Verkeerswezen, ZeevaartsinspectieLicense No., Date: LFS 30/81/86/91 - 04.09.1991

low flame spread

RESOPAL ArboriteRESOPAL forming elementsRESOPAL Excellent composite material



0.8 DBAEZ

XS

S-1.3 Country: B - BelgiumLicensing association, authority: Ministerie van Verkeerswezen, ZeevaartsinspectieLicense No., Date: LFS 46/91 - 25.10.1991

as per regulations

RESOPAL F RESOPAL Excellent composite material

on non-combustible substrates

German tunnel test and IMO Res. A 653(16)Bauqualität TÜV Nord, Brandver-suchshaus Hamburg

0.8;1.2

DFXS

S-2.1 Country: D - Federal Republic of GermanyLicensing association, authority: See-BerufsgenossenschaftLicense No., Date: K 17 No. 697 - 01.06.1990

as per regulations




0.6 DBEZ

XS

S-2.2 Country: D - Federal Republic of GermanyLicensing association, authority: See-BerufsgenossenschaftLicense No., Date: 118.062 - 17.07.1996

as per regulations

RESOPALRESOPAL Excellent composite material



0.8;1.2

DVXS

S-2.3 Country: D - Federal Republic of GermanyLicensing association, authority: See-BerufsgenossenschaftLicense No., Date: 118.063 and 118.064 - 17.07.1996

Productcode

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Productcode

low flame spread

low flame spread

RESOPAL FRESOPAL Excellentcomposite material

RESOPALRESOPAL Excellentcomposite material




0.8;1.2

0.8;1.2

DFXS

DVXS

S-2.4 Country: D - Federal Republic of GermanyLicensing association, authority: Germanischer LloydLicense No., Date: 11.05.1993



low flame spread

RESOPAL RESOPAL formingelementsRESOPAL Excellent composite material




0.6 DBEZ

XS

faible pouvoir propagateur de flamme

RESOPAL F RESOPAL Excellent composite material


IMO Res. A 653(16)Brandversuchshaus Hamburg

0.8 DFXS

S-3.1 Country: F - FranceLicensing association, authority: Secrétariat d’État à la Mer (Marine Marchande)License No., Date: 0645 MAT 02 - 15.01.1993

faible pouvoir propagateur de flamme



IMO Res. A 653(16)Brandversuchshaus Hamburg

1.2 DFXS

S-3.2 Country: F - FranceLicensing association, authority: Secrétariat d’État à la Mer (Marine Marchande)License No., Date: 0645 MAT 01 - 15.01.1993

suitable for mark F ships class 0


on non-combustible substrateTest reportNo. 81.17298 and 73-7052 of CSTBCert of Approval No. SMS.II/MHM/0227/1BO for BV MODE II survey

Annexe technique No. III de l’arrêté du 28 août 1959 (Rayonnement au panneau radiant)

Centre Scientifique & Technique du Batiment (CSTB)

0.8;1.2

DFXS

S-3.3 Country: F - FranceLicensing association, authority: Bureau VeritasLicense No., Date: No. 5230/1050/DO/0 - 14.03.1995

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Productcode

suitable for mark F ships Class 1


on non-combustible substrateTest reportNo. 81.17299 and 81-17300 of CSTB Cert.of ApprovalNo.SMS.II/MHM/0227/1BO for BV MODE IIsurvey

Annexe technique No. III de l’arrêté du 28 août 1959 (Rayonnement au panneau radiant)

Centre Scientifique & Technique du Batiment (CSTB)

0.6;0.8

DB, DVEZ

XS

S-3.4 Country: F - FranceLicensing association, authority: Bureau VeritasLicense No., Date: No. 5230/1051/D0/0 - 14.03.1995

Class 1 RESOPALRESOPAL forming elementsRESOPAL Excellent material

on non-combustible substrate with urea resin glue


0.8 DB, DVEZ

XS

S-4.1 Country: GB - Great BritainLicensing association, authority: Department of TransportLicense No., Date: 13.08.1985

low flame spreadClass 1


- BS 476 Part 7(Surface spread of flame)Yarsley Technical Centre Ltd.

0.8to1.2

DFXS

S-4.2 Country: GB - Great BritainLicensing association, authority: Lloyd’s Reg. of ShippingLicense No., Date: SVG/F93/028 - 03.03.1993



On 20 mm vermiculite boards with urea resin glue


0.8 DB, DVEZ

XS




RESOPAL-Massiv F - BS 476 Part 7(Surface spread of flame)Yarsley Technical Centre Ltd.

5 DF

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Productcode

low flame spread(LINA)


on 20 mm vermiculite boards with urea resin glue

(Surface spread of flame)

Registro Italiano Navale

0.8 DBEZ

XS

S-5 Country: I - ItalyLicensing association, authority: Registro Italiano NavaleLicense No., Date: CDS/361-92/TAO - 14.12.1992



on non-combustible substrate

NT Fire 004Box method after Brauns10 minute test,Statens Provnings-anstalt, Borås/Sweden

0.8 DFXS

S-6.1 Country: N - NorwayLicensing association, authority: Det Norske VeritasLicense No., Date: F-12563 -29.12.1993

as per regulations


- IMO-Res. A. 653(16)

BauqualitätTÜV NordBrandversuchshaus Hamburg

0.8;1.2

DFXS

S-6.2 Country: N - NorwayLicensing association, authority: Norwegian Maritime DirectorateLicense No., Date: A-52029/92 - 12.02.1992 and A-55805/92 - 05.03.1992

low flame spread

RESOPALRESOPAL forming elementsRESOPAL Excellent composite materialRESOPAL Arborite



0.6;0.8;1.2;

0.8

DB, DVEZ

XS

DBA

S-7 Country: NL - The Netherlands Ministry of TransportLicensing association, authority: Directorate Generale for Shipping and Maritime AffairsLicense No., Date: SI/51.374/92 - SI/51.377//92 - 23.07.1992

low flame spread

RESOPAL RESOPAL forming elementsRESOPAL Excellent composite material



0.6 DBEZ

XS

S-8.1 Country: PL - PolandLicensing association, authority: Polski Rejestr StatkowLicense No., Date: TT/932/710291/94 - 06.12.1994

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Productcode

low flame spread

very low flame spreadClass 1




see N: “DetNorske Veritas”

see N: “DetNorske Veritas”


0.8;1.2

0.9;1.3

DFXS

DFXS

S-8.2 Country: PL - PolandLicensing association, authority: Polski Rejestr StatkowLicense No., Date: TT/1061-1062/710291/94 - 06.12.1994

S-9 Country: S - SwedenLicensing association, authority: The National Swedish Administr. of Shipping and NavigationLicense No., Date: Dnr 31.307.08-1125/78 - 22.01.1979

for interior finish

RESOPAL F with Keller & Co. Vermicoll adhesives on non-combustible substrate

UL 723 (ASTM E84)American tunnel testUnderwriters Laboratories, Northbrook, ILL.

0.8 DF

S-10.1 Country: USA - United States of AmericaLicensing association, authority: US Coast GuardLicense No., Date: 164.012/107/0 - 04.02.1994

low flame spread




0.6;0.9;1.3

DB, DVEZ

XS

S-10.2 Country: USA - United States of AmericaLicensing association, authority: American Bureau of ShippingLicense No., Date: HWK/In T-15-2 - 19.08.1981

low flame spread


Medical Cert.No. 23 DY-0501

GOST 12.1.017-80?- flame spread test -toxicological assessment by DTC

0.9;1.3

DF

S-11 Country: USSR - Soviet UnionLicensing association, authority: Register of Shipping of the USSRLicense No., Date: 88.001.009 - 02.02.1988

low flame spread




0.8 DFXS

S-12.1 Country: Peoples’ Republic of ChinaLicensing association, authority: ZC - China Classification SocietyLicense No., Date: HBT-95510049-1 - 13.10.1995

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Productcode

low frame spread




0.8 DB, DVEZ

XS

S-12.2 Country: Peoples’ Republic of ChinaLicensing association, authority: ZC - China Classification SocietyLicense No., Date: HBT-95510049-2 - 13.10.1995

B3 low flammabilityQ3, T4

RESOPAL RESOPAL-Massiv

RESOPAL perforated plates

- DV 899/35

Bundesbahn Versuchsanstalt München-Freimann

0.8 to4.02.0

DD

DO

T-1.1 Country: D - Federal Republic of GermanyLicensing association, authority: Deutsche BundesbahnLicense No., Date: ZL 4060101-05 - 14.03.1991

Transport and other applications

see Deutsche Bundesbahn and Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik

RESOPALRESOPAL-Massiv

- DV 899/35

Bundesbahn VersuchsanstaltMünchen-Freimann

0.8to 4.0

DD

T-1.2 Country: D - Federal Republic of GermanyLicensing association, authority: Federal Minister of Transport, BOStrab-

fire safety guidelines for passenger vehicles

Class B1 under DIN 4102 Part 1low flammability without drip annotationlight attenuation integral ≤ 150% min.

RESOPAL F RESOPAL-Massiv FRESOPAL forming elementsRESOPAL Excellent composite material

qualify under DIN 5510 Part 2, as substantiated:S4, SR2, ST2

DIN 4102 Part 1chimney test”Brandschacht“Forschungs- und Materialprüfungs-anstaltBaden-WürttembergOtto-Graf-Institut Stuttgart

0.5to10

DFDFES

XB

T-1.3 Country: D - Federal Republic of GermanyLicensing association, authority: Deutsche Bundesbahn

S3, SR2, ST2 all RESOPALproducts

glued all over to a standardized wood-based substrate using a non-thermoplastic adhesive

qualifies as substantiated under DIN 5510 Part 2

0.5to 1.2

all D groups

T-1.4 Country: D - Federal Republic of Germany

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Productcode

Class M1non- flammable

RESOPAL F Test report 92.34706 dated 21.01.1993Under SNCF memo 10.3000960required to establish fume density and carry out smoke analysis

P 92507Irradiation test(détermination du degrée d’inflammabilité par rayonnement)Centre Scientifique & Technique du Batiment (CSTB)

0.8to4

DF

T-2.1 Country: F - FranceLicensing association, authority: SNCF

A1 RESOPAL-Massiv - U.T.A.C. ST 18-502/1U.T.A.C. laboratoryLinas-Montlhéry

3.0 DV

T-2.2 Country: F - FranceLicensing association, authority: U.T.A.C.License No., Date: 95/1788-1790 - 30.01.1995

Type F under DIN EN 438-1Compact laminatesType F under DIN 438-1

RESOPAL F

RESOPAL-Massiv F

- in accordance with national regulations

0.8 to1.2at

least 2.0

DF

T-3

T-4

T-5

T-6

T-7

T-8

self-extinguishing

all RESOPAL products

- ASTM-D 635-68indoors

at least 0.5

all D groups

94 V-O

94 HB

RESOPAL F

all other RESOPAL products

- UL 94

indoors

at least0.6atleast0.5

DF

all D groups

slow burning IunderJIS D 1201-1973

all RESOPAL products

- ISO 3795 orDIN 75200 orFMVSS 302

indoors

at least 0.5

all D groups

rate of spread of flame at most 4 in/min (101.6 mm/min)

passed RESOPALRESOPAL-Massiv

Test report No. 09a/83 dated 08.02.1983

NFPA 258 or ASTM-E 662 fume gasdensity determinationBayer AG, Leverkusen

(0.8)(2.5)

DB, DVDV

passed RESOPALRESOPAL-Massiv

Test report No.PRA 10a/83 dated 08.02.1983

ASTM-E 162(radiant panel)Bayer AG, Leverkusen

(0.8)(2.5)

DB, DVDV

19. Processing RESOPAL on mineral substrates

1. General

Composite elements made from RESOPAL andmineral substrates are used in particular where theneed is for increased resistance capability on exposu-re to flame, or if the characteristics of wood-basedmaterials make inadequate substrates. Composite ele-ments made from HPL and mineral substrates cangenerally meet the conditions of approval relevant tothe construction industry, shipbuilding and vehicleconstruction (e.g. fire safety regulations).

The processing recommendations described hereshould aid the manufacture of composite elementswith mineral substrates.

RESOPAL is a thermoset material, is infusible anddoes not drip during the process of combustion.RESOPAL is free from substances which, in cases offire, lead to corrosion and it is remarkable for its lowlevel of smoke development.

2. Material requirements and conditions ofapproval

These processing guidelines apply to all versions ofRESOPAL, i.e. they are as applicable to RESOPAL F(HPL with increased resistance capability on exposu-re to flame), as they are to standard RESOPAL andforming RESOPAL.

The RESOPAL version choosen will depend on itsintended use and on the prescribed fire safety regulations.

Practically all local and national approval regulati-ons require materials to be specifically tested andapproved in the form in which they are to be used.Approval is therefore not just given to the HPL, butalways to the entire composite element, comprisingthe substrate, the adhesive and the HPL. Approval isalways only applicable to the specific combinationand structure tested. The processor must thereforealways make sure that the composite element meetsthe conditions of approval for the different areas ofapplication. A new test is needed each time a changein the composition of the composite element is notcovered by the issued approval. It also means thatnew or separate conditions of approval always needto be taken into consideration.

Approved composite elements can be obtained from

us or from the manufacturers of the mineral substra-te. A summary of approvals and the results of firetesting RESOPAL products are given elsewhere inthis RESOPAL manual. This list is constantly upda-ted. This enables new test procedures, for example,to come into force.

It is therefore important that the converter alwayshas a general idea of the latest regulations if composi-te elements are to be used in areas subject to conditi-ons of approval regarding fire behaviour.

3. Manufacturing composite elements

First the basic principles of the “General processingrecommendations for RESOPAL” are applicable.Because there are special features involved both inthe manufacture of composite elements with mineralsubstrates and in their later use, the special proces-sing guidelines given below must also be observed.This is especially applicable to the pre-treatment ofRESOPAL (see 3.2) and to the totally symmetricalconstruction of the composite. We also recommend that you check with us first.

3.1 SubstratesSubstrates must have a clean, flat-ground surface(thickness tolerance ± 0.2 mm). There must not beany traces of grinding or depressions. Mineral sub-strates cannot always be obtained with the requisitethickness tolerances. They must therefore be groundto the thickness tolerance required. If this is not pos-sible, joint-filling adhesives must be used and thecomposite elements must be bonded individually, toavoid bad bonding.

Not all mineral boards are suitable for use as HPLsubstrates. When obtaining them, therefore, themanufacturer should refer to the intended use, inmake sure that the end result is a useful product, par-ticularly with regard to the thickness tolerances andthe moisture content.The transverse tensile strengthof the mineral substrates should not be less than 0.4 N/mm2.

The following list includes the mineral materialswhich make suitable substrates and the typical areas of application (see Table 1).

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*) consultation required

N.B.: Substrates which contain asbestos are illegal inmany countries. You must observe the relevant regulations.

3.2 Pre-treatment3.2.1 GeneralFrom the outset, adequate conditioning can reducechanges in dimension, which would otherwise lead towarping of the composite material or to stress cracksin the HPL after bonding. Mineral substrates aresubject to less changes in dimension than are wood-based substrates or HPL. As they absorb and give offmoisture more rapidly, under no circumstances dowe recommend that you condition them in stacks,together with HPL

HPL laminate should be conditioned in pairs befo-re they are processed. The relative humidity shouldcorrespond as far as possible to the climatic conditi-ons of intended use. This pre-treatment is moreimportant in the processing of mineral substratesthan it is when bonding to wood-based materials, aslater changes in the moisture content can lead to agreat buildup of stress between the HPL laminate

and the substrate, which could result in cracks and indeformation.

It is also important to note that mineral substrateshave a lower peel strength and a lower transversetensile strength than most wood-based substrates, soit is quite possible for the top layer of the substrateto peel and for cracks to appear in the core.

Provided that this does not contravene the relevantfire safety regulations, we recommend that you useforming RESOPAL instead of RESOPAL F or stan-dard RESOPAL even in cases where all that is nee-ded as even covering.

3.2.2 Use under normal climatic conditions“Normal” climatic conditions are those where low orhigh levels of humidity and high temperatures onlyoccur in the short term (this applies, for example tofurniture, bathrooms, toilets).

Under these conditions, it is advisable to pre-treatas prescribed in the “General processing recommen-dations for RESOPAL”. The HPL laminates shouldbe stored in pairs (back to back) at normal roomtemperature (20°C and 50% - 60% relative humidity)for at least 3 days, before being processed in pairs.

Mineral substrates should be stored or subjected toartificial drying, until the material moisture contentreaches 6% - 10%.

For pure expanded mica plates, humidity equilibri-um is reached at 4% - 6%.

3.2.3 Use under persistently low levels ofhumidity

Consistently lower relative humidity and/or increa-sed temperatures can prevail where there are specialconditions of use (this applies, for example, to ships,in public buildings, in the vicinity of heating installa-tions or for aerating/deaerating shafts).

Because of their great durability in cases of fire,composite elements with mineral substrates are oftenused in areas where the humidity level is persistentlylow. It is therefore extremely important that, as far aspossible, the HPL is pre-treated under conditionsapproximating to the low levels of humidity to whichit will be exposed in later use.

3.2.3.1 HPL laminatesImmediately before bonding, the HPL laminate mustbe subjected to a drying process, in order to reduceto a minimum its ability to shrink. This will keepdown the stress which could arise from environ-mental conditions with extremely low relative humi-dity and/or increased temperature.

We therefore recommend that the HPL laminatesare dried in pairs (back to back) in a drying oven (seeFig. 1 on the following page) using natural air circu-lation:

20 hours at 40°C 5 hours at 50°C10 hours at 45°C 3 hours at 55°C

If there is no drying oven available, use an air-condi-tioned storeroom with low relative humidity, for alonger period of time.

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Table 1: Recommended uses for mineral substrates

Substrates

asbestos silicate sheets*)

mineral wool, glass fiberor cellulose fiber reinfor-ced or expanded mica reinforced calcium silica-te sheets

plasterboard with glassor organic fiber reinforcements

chipboard with expan-ded mica coating

expanded mica boardswith suitable binders

fiber reinforced cementboard

cement bondedchipboard

sandwich type plaster-board sheets *)

plaster bonded chipboard *)

Typical areas ofapplication

bulkheads and cabin cladding in shipbuilding

shop fittings

completion of theinterior

public transport

completion of theinterior

for special applications

It must be ensured that the air can get to all sides ofeach pair of boards. It is pointless to dry them infully enclosed stacks.They must be bonded immediately after drying andif applicable, cooling to room temperature. It is abso-lutely essential to make sure that composite elementsmanufactured under these conditions are not used inareas with consistently high humidity. If it is not possible to bond the pre-dried HPL immediately, werecommend that you pack the HPL in polyethylenefilm. Correspondingly they may not be, unpackeduntil immediately before they are to be bonded.

3.2.3.2. SubstratesMineral substrates for use where there is a consi-stently low level of moisture in the atmosphere,should be pre-treated separately. The moisture con-tent should preferably lie between 6% and 8%.

N.B.: If you need to make calculations for a longer peri-od at extremely low humidity or high temperature (e.g.greater than 40°C) it is worth checking with us first.

3.3 AdhesivesTable 2 indicates suitable adhesives. It includes mine-ral substrates and adhesives currently in use. If theintention is to use other products or combinations,you must consult the substrate supplier and theadhesive manufacturer.

Please note that the adhesive affects the fire beha-viour of the composite element. This limits the choi-ce of adhesives for HPL bonding, as does the type ofcomposition of the substrate, the processing optionsand the intended use.

N.B.: Contact adhesives cannot be recommended forbonding HPL to mineral substrates.

3.4 Surface treatmentBefore bonding, the surfaces of calcium silicate sheetsmust be pre-treated with primers*), in accordancewith the recommendations made by the manufactu-

rer of the adhesive (see Table 2). This pre-treatmentwith primera) stabilizes the surface,b) prevents the adhesive from sinking into the

substratec) in certain situations, adapts the pH value of the

surfaces to that of the adhesive being used.

*) It is possible that using the primer may change themoisture content of the mineral substrate. We there-fore recommend that you re-condition in such situa-tions.

3.5 BondingDetails of the bonding techniques and of the requisi-te pre-treatment for bonding RESOPAL with mine-ral substrates, are given in Table 3. If you are in anydoubt about the suitability of a specific adhesive/substrate combination, you should check with theadhesive manufacturer as a precaution.

4. Bonding

Conventional bonding equipment can be useful forbonding RESOPAL to mineral substrates, e.g. two orfour roll glue applicators, automatic sprayguns fortwo-component PU adhesives and single daylight ormulti-daylight presses for hot-pressing or cold-pres-sing. Vacuum pressing is also an option.

4.1 Glue applicators4.1.1 The most common are two-roll glue applicators.Although it is not possible to work as precisely aswith four-roll systems, they are quite suitable formost bonding procedures. Their low cost makesthem particularly attractive to smaller processors.

4.1.2On the other hand, four-roll glue applicators are

considerably more precise and allow an adhesive filmto be applied within strict ranges of tolerance.

Despite costs being higher than for two-rollapplicators, the four-roll system is frequently prefer-red, as it offers greater precision over a number ofyears.

4.1.3Other methods of application, e.g. manual applica-tors or hand-held sprayguns can be used, but theyare somewhat impractical.

4.2 Presses4.2.1 The single daylight cold press, sometimes also calleda stacking press, is the simplest and least expensiveplate press. It uses a hydraulically operated presshead or press table and usually has a opening of upto 1.000 mm. As it is possible to process really heavyworkpieces, it is advisable to use it in combinationwith a conveyor system with feeding and emptyingdevices.

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Fig. 1: Drying oven (schematic diagram)

20 hours at 40°C 5 hours at 50°C10 hours at 45°C 3 hours at 55°C

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e n n + + +

e n n + + +

e n + + + +

o n + + + +

o + + + • +

– + + + • +

o + + + • +

o n n + • +

o n n + • +

o n + + • +

– n + + • +

Table 2 Suitability of adhesives

Prim

er p

re-t

reat

men

t

dis

per

sio

n a

dh

esiv

es

(e.g

. po

lyvi

nyl

ace

tate

)

Co

nd

ensa

tio

n r

esin

ad

hes

ives

U

rea

form

ald

ehyd

e R

eso

rcin

ol f

orm

ald

ehyd

e

Two

-co

mp

on

ent

adh

esiv

esEp

oxy

Poly

ure

than

e

Asbestossilicate sheets

Calcium silicate sheets with glass fiber or organic reinforcement

Expanded mica reinforced calcium silicate sheets

Plasterboard withglass or organic fiber reinforce-ments

Chipboard with expanded mica coating

Expanded mica boards with suitable binders

Sandwich type plasterboard sheets 1)

Fibre reinforced cement boards

Cement bonded chipboard

Plaster bonded chipboard

Rock wool, glass wool (vertical fibers)

4.2.2 The multi-daylight hot press is the most versatilesystem. It normally uses several daylights with hea-ted plates. The heat is supplied by water, steam or oil,with the latter offering the best regulated and mostconstant temperature control. Although it is advisab-le to load and unload this type of installation auto-matically, it is not absolutely essential.

4.2.3 Vacuum pressing is less well-known, but neverthelessperfectly useable. The device consists of a row ofrubber bags which are connected by a vacuum line. A separate bonding and assembling unit is used to feedthe bags one after the other with stacks of boards.Cold setting adhesives are used. The disadvantage isthe pressure used, which has a maximum of only 0.8 bar, which may not always be sufficient.

5. Finishing

The dynamic strain on composite materials withmineral substrates leads to greater loads beingapplied than, for example, in areas of applicationwhere substrates made from wood-based materialsare generally used. It is therefore particularly impor-tant for all the finished edges to be free from cracks.Internal recesses must be rounded off and holes mustbe appropriately overdimensioned. Material particlesand dust caused by the finishing process must becarefully removed to avoid scratching the RESOPALsurfaces.

N.B.: The national environmental and industrial safetyregulations relevant to the processing of mineral materi-als must be observed. This notice also applies to laterinstallation work carried out with and on composite ele-ments made from HPL and mineral substrates.

6. Structural recommendations

If the composite elements will later be subjected todynamic strain from twisting or movement (e.g. inships or vehicles), it must be ensured that when fit-ting them, sufficient scope for movement is left.Thus, for example, partitions in ships’ cabins can befastened to the floor and to the ceiling by suitablesupports. If several boards are to be mounted side byside, sufficient play is obtained by selecting suitableprofiles. As the mineral substrates have little trans-verse tensile strength, the profiles should overlap.

If, for visual reasons, overlapping profiles are notpossible, it can be worked with groove and loose-fitting tongue (made of steel). The depth of the grooveshould not be greater than half the thickness of themineral substrate. If fireproofing regulations dictatethat the tongue must be wider, the depth of the groo-ve must be kept as small as possible, to prevent thesubstrate from cracking later on.

Composite elements with mineral substrates onlyhave relatively little bending strength. If heavy dyna-mic loading is expected, the composite elementsshould be supported at the back at frequent intervals.

1) consultation required

Key: e = requiredo = recommendedn = not recommended• = no information available

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Dispersion Condensation Two-componentadhesives ** adhesives adhesives

a b c d e f g

PVAc- urea urea phenolPVAc two- resin melamine resorcinol epoxy PU

comp. approx. resin resin10% filler

D 2 / D 3 D 3 / D 4 D 3 D 3 D 3 / D 4 D 3 / D 4

–20°C to –20°C to –20° to +150° C –20°C to – 20° C to +100° C+100°C +120°C +150°C

Adhesives

Substrate

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13 pre

-tre

atm

ent

req

uir

ed =

e

pre

-tre

atm

ent

reco

mm

end

ed =

o

d

o n

ot

pre

-tre

at =

–

e

e

e

o

o

–

o

o

o

o

–

No

i

nf

or

ma

ti

on

a

va

il

ab

le

notrecommended

notrecommended

notrecommended

notrecommended

Application ofadhesive:

90 – 130 g/m2

on HPL or substrateopen assembley time:

1 – 30 minsbonding pressure:

2 – 5 barpress temp./press

time:20° C / 8 – 60 mins40° C / 4 – 15 mins60° C / 1 – 4 mins

Application of

adhesive:

90 – 150 g/m2

open assembly

time:

2 – 20 mins

bonding pressure:

3 – 5 bar

press temp./

press time:

20° C / 15 – 18 min

40° C / 5 – 30 min

60° C / 1 – 12 min

150

to

200 g/m2

2-15 mins

3 - 5 bar

20° C /

approx.

9 h

takenote

ofsurfacegrin-ding

Ope

n as

sem

bly

tim

e an

d bo

ndin

g ti

me

depe

nden

t on

am

ount

of

hard

ener

add

ed

Ap

plic

atio

n o

f ad

hes

ive

200

to 3

00 g

/m2

on

HPL

or

sub

stra

teo

pen

ass

emb

ly t

ime

dep

end

ent

on

typ

e

Table 3: Bonding techniques/pre-treatment

Bo

nd

ing

pre

ssu

re =

sta

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g p

ress

ure

, sto

re f

lat

pre

ss t

emp

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/pre

ss t

ime

vari

able

, dep

end

ent

on

typ

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ard

enin

g s

yste

m

Strain capabilityunder DIN EN 204

Heat resistance*

Asbestos silicate sheets

Glass or cellulose fibre-reinforced calcium silicate sheets

Expanded mica reinforced calciumsilicate sheets

Glass or cellulose fibre-reinforced plasterboard

Chipboard with an expanded mica coating

Expanded mica sheets (with alternative binders)

Sandwich type plasterboard ***

Fibre-reinforced cement board

Cement-bonded chipboard

Plaster-bondedchipboard

Rock wool, glass wool (vertical fibers)

* The heat resistance figures are only relevant for the adhesive joint for short-term loading (max. 30 minutes)

** This adhesive bond dissolves in cases of fire, see Item 2 in the text*** It is advisable to border the edges of the sheets and/or hold by construction

Mineral substrates are frequently processed in fullsheets, but for ease of installation, element widths ofapproximately 600 mm are preferred.

If the edges of the composite elements will beexposed to the effects of moisture, they must be pro-tected with a water-impermeable coating beforeinstallation.

In areas of application where water can penetratefrom the bottom edge of the composite element, it isadvisable to impregnate with special waterproofingalong the bottom edge.

Prior consultation is necessary in this case. If thiswaterproofing can have a lasting effect on the moi-sture content of the element, it is advisable to condi-tion the element again, before installation.

7. Fixings

Composite elements made from RESOPAL andmineral substrates are mostly used in areas wherefire safety regulations apply. The methods of fixingand the fixing material must therefore also conformto these regulations.

The composite elements can be used as wall clad-ding for brickwork and concrete (the masonry musthave been adequately dried out beforehand). Theycan be used free-standing in steel frames, as partitionwalls.

Particular care must be taken over the type of joinbetween the individual elements. This applies bothto horizontal and vertical joins. Seams can have adecisive affect on the quality of fireproofing, so youmust follow the regulations governing the choice ofjoining material. For example, aluminum or plasticscan only be used to conceal fixtures from sight, insome countries. Under no circumstances must theybe used as fixing material in areas where greater fire stability is required.

Whatever procedure is used for fixing, the fixingintervals should not exceed 600 mm, to enable com-posite elements of a corresponding width to be used.Wider elements require additional fixing. Compositeelements less than 10 mm thick require additionalsupport. It is advisable to consult our applicationtechnology department for this. If the fixtures are tobe screw-fitting, it is extremely important to selectthe correct screw type. For example, special screwsfor fixing in thermoplastic surfaces have proved theirworth.

8. Fixing methods

There are several different methods used to affixpanels with mineral substrates and RESOPAL.These can be divided into 3 groups.

- fixing with adhesive joints- visible mechanical fixing- concealed mechanical fixing

It is advisable, especially with applications where cli-matic variation is expected to be great, that boardjoints are given little play.

8.1 Fixing with adhesive joints(Caution: ensure adequate rear ventilation)

- Foam strips coated with contact adhesive, used with a contact-adhesive primer on wall and board (Fig. 2a).

- Assembly adhesive from the cartridge (Fig. 2b).

8.2 Mechanical fixing - visible

- Metal U profiles at top and bottom (Fig. 5) and with a loose-fitting steel tongue in the vertical joints (Fig. 3).

- Metal U profiles at top and bottom (Fig. 5) and with an H profile in the vertical joints (Fig. 4).

- Omega metal profile at intervals of 600 mm, screwed to a metal or wooden bolt (Fig. 6).

- Omega metal profile at intervals of 1200 mm, screwed to a metal or wooden bolt and with a central support glued with assembly adhesive.

- Surface-mounted metal brackets screwed to wood or metal, covered with a PVC or metal profile (Fig. 7).

- Metal cover strip screwed to wooden or metal bolt (Fig. 8).

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Foam strips coated with contact adhesive

Assembly adhesive

Fig. 2 a

Fig. 2 b

8.3 Mechanical fixing - concealed- Metal omega profile, with groove and lipping flush

to the edges of the joint, screwed to a metal or wooden bolt, tight joint (Fig. 9).

- Metal omega profile, with groove flush to the edges of the joint, screwed to a metal or wooden bolt. Batten cover flush to joint opening (Fig. 10).

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Steel tongue

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

H-profile

Metall-U-Profil

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Omega profile

Fig. 7

Metal bracket with cover profile

Fig. 8

Metal cover strip

Fig. 9

Fig. 10

Concealed omega metal profile

Covered omega metal profile

- Vertical metal sub-structure with angle bracket screwed to the back of the panel (Fig. 11).

- Horizontal metal sub-structure with Z bracket screwed to the back of the panel (Fig. 12).

- Metal Z profiles (Fig. 13).

- Matching wooden profiles (Fig. 14).

- Screw through an appropriately profiled panel edge (Fig. 15).

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Fig. 11

Vertical metal sub-structure with angle bracket

Fig. 13

Metal Z profile

Fig. 12

Horizontal metal sub-structure with Z bracket

Matching wooden profiles

Fig. 14

Profiled and screwed paneledge

Fig. 15

20. RESOPAL in outdoor use

1. General

The following remarks apply to the suitability ofRESOPAL surfaces (HPL conforming to DIN EN438) for areas exposed to the effects of outdoor weat-hering. Here they are subjected to short, medium orlong-term exposure* to- sun- heat and changes in temperature- rain, hail, snow, ice, wind- mechanical loading- pollution (exhaust fumes, oil, soot, smoke, acid

rain, etc.)

These influences take full or partial effect on the fol-lowing different areas of outdoor use:

- outdoor area protected against weathering- unprotected outdoor area with mobile fittings- unprotected outdoor area with fixed equipment- facade and balcony cladding requiring official

approval

* medium term < 5 years < long term

2. Advantages of the material

A material which is suitable for use under such influ-ences must possess the following range of properties:

It must be- mechanically robust- scratch, impact and shock resistant over a wide

range of temperatures- neither corroding nor corrosive- not brittle- visually pleasing- easy to process and finish- easy to clean- serviceable throughout the period of

its intended use- moisture-resistant- termite-proof

HPL, for outdoor use preferably as self-supportingcompact laminates, always meets these requirements.It is a weatherproof construction material, unaffectedby impact and environmentally friendly.

However, we always recommend that for use inthe open air, you check with us to clarify require-ments.

2.1 Mechanical strength and aging characteristics

Because of its structure, HPL has a high modulus ofelasticity, great impact strength, flexural strength,low weight per unit area and excellent aging charac-teristics.

2.2 Water resistanceHPL is resistant to rain, damp and moisture. Per-manent accumulations of moisture should be avoided.

2.3 Behaviour in changing climatic conditionsHPL is indifferent to heat shock, is frost resistantand does not change its characteristics even in lowtemperatures. Changes in dimension caused by heatand humidity in the range -20°C to +80°C and 10%to 90% relative humidity, is only about 0.4%.

2.4 Behaviour when exposed to corrosive environmental influences

RESOPAL laminates are a non-metallic material anddo not corrode. Exhaust gases or acid rain onlyslightly affect HPL. The worst that can happen is aslight dulling of the surface, which does not impairthe serviceability. Colour coatings do not peel andthere is no delamination.

2.5 Behaviour in fireHPL can be manufactured to be flammable (B2 con-forming to DIN 4102) and flame-retardant (B1 con-forming to DIN 4102) and achieves comparable grading under other fire behaviour test standards (BS 476/6 and 7, NFP 92 501, NEN 6065, ÖN B 3800). It only has slight smoke development, doesnot drip and does not split or splinter on exposure towater used in fire fighting.

2.6 Colour selection and light resistance

Every colour pigment gradually tends to fade whenexposed to the effects of light (especially UV light).We only select colourfast pigments which are notharmful to the environment for our decorative lami-nates. Light colours are preferred for outdoor use. Ineach case, we recommend that you check with usbefore making your colour selection.

2.7 Surface changesThe melamine surface of HPL, like other materialsused outdoors, gradually loses its crystal clear trans-parency after years of exposure to the joint effects oflight (UV light), water and changes in temperature.

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This can be seen as graying. Despite this change inthe melamine surface, its cleaning capability hardlydecreases over the years. Its mechanical strength andits performance capability are unchanged.

Note:Various modifications and surface preservation mea-sures can improve the surface resistance of HPL somuch that it can be guaranteed for long periods, evenwith strong, dark colours. We recommend that youcheck with our consultants.

2.8 Cleaning option Because it is unaffected by solvents and has goodchemical resistance, HPL can be cleaned of practical-ly all contaminations (including graffiti). The variouscleaning options are described in the Chapter“Cleaning RESOPAL surfaces”.

3. Possible applications

Everywhere in the open air, HPL is exposed to thesame influences in the short, medium or long term.Depending on the intensity and the length of theexposure period, it is possible to distinguish the fol-lowing areas of application:

3.1 Outdoor area protected against weatheringUsually protected from excessive solar radiation andsubject to heavy mechanical loading.

Examples:- covered sports stadia (seats, benches, tables, wall

cladding)- arcades, covered ways (doors, wall cladding)- street doors- entry doors- agricultural building components

3.2 Unprotected outdoor area with mobilefittings using RESOPAL

Articles of daily use fully exposed to weatheringtemporarily or seasonally, their durability is determi-ned by their intended purpose and their mechanicalresistance capability.

Examples:- coffee house tables- partition screens- notice boards- garden furniture- sales booths- bus shelters- town furnishings

3.3 Unprotected outdoor area with rigidly mounted equipment made from HPL (small-area building cladding, no official approval required)

Rigidly mounted products in unprotected outdoorareas generally include simple and low-cost construc-tional measures in the manual sense, where usingHPL makes it unnecessary to replace, renew, repair

or paint. The products and the cladding componentsare exposed to weathering all the year round.

Examples:- balconies- roofs- soffits - shingling- small-format partial facades- animal compounds- hygienic facilities- garage cladding- vehicle superstructures- sport and camping equipment- bus-stop shelters- filling stations

3.4 Facades and balcony cladding requiring official approval*

The cladding elements are exposed to weathering formany years, which may be extremely intensive,depending on the type of installation (north-facing,south-facing, vertical, diagonal). As components ofbuilding construction, facades (and rear-ventilatedfacades) are subject to strict regulations concerning

- behaviour in fire- stability- safety- noise deadening and thermal insulation - environmental protection.

Above a certain overall height, facade and balconycladding is therefore subject to official building regu-lations and in many countries, official buildingapproval is required.

The respective building authorities are always cal-led upon to carry out checks before granting approval. These are ButG for Belgium, the Institutfür Bautechnik, Berlin for Germany, the DOT/buil-ding regulations for the U.K., the C.S.T.B., forFrance, the Ministero Interni (ICITE) for Italy, theK.O.M.O. for the Netherlands, the respective pro-vincial governments for Austria and the VKF (Vereinkantonaler Feuerversicherungen) for Switzerland.

Applications requiring official approval are notthe concern of this Chapter. The HPL used inthese cases is usually of a special type*. Priorconsultation is essential.

* For more information, see the “Using and machining

RESOPLAN” Chapter.

4. Cleaning and maintenance

HPL laminates do not need any special maintenance(refer to 2.8). Boards that are slightly dirty can becleaned with water, heavier pollution, e.g. afterassembly, can be removed with soap or a detergentsolution (see the “Cleaning RESOPAL surfaces”Chapter).

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If pollution cannot be washed off with water ordetergent solutions, we recommend that you checkwith us.

Do not scratch or scrape, only clean once you havetaken advice.

5. Transport and storage

HPL as compact laminates (RESOPAL Massiv) part-ly have a high dead weight and a high material rating.

Therefore please take note:

5.1 TransportWhen transporting stacks of laminates on transportvehicles of various kinds, it is important to use suffi-ciently large, even and stable pallets. The laminates in the stack must be secured to prevent them fromsliding.

Foreign bodies and abrasive impurities in the stackof laminates can lead to indentations and damage.

When loading and unloading, the laminates mustnot rub against each other and must not be draggedone over the other. They should be lifted individuallyby hand or by suction lifters.

5.2 StorageBefore processing, the boards should be kept in anenclosed storeroom, under normal climatic conditi-ons (see General Processing Recommendations forRESOPAL, in this manual). Stacks of boards shouldbe stored full-length, horizontal and with edgesflush, on a level base which is covered by plasticsheeting. It is also essential for the top board of eachstack to be covered with sheeting and a protectiveplate, across its entire surface (Fig. 1).

Each time a board is taken from the stack, it must bechecked that these storage conditions are maintained.

If HPL laminates are not stored level over a longperiod of time, they will deform. The thicker theboards, the less likely they are to return to shape.Boards with protective sheeting must have this remo-ved from both sides at the same time.

6. Machining and processing

The points mentioned in the “General processingrecommendations for RESOPAL” always apply.

However, in addition to this, especially with thethicker compact boards (> 2 mm), there are specialcharacteristics which are explained in detail in the“Processing RESOPAL Massiv” recommendation.

6.1 Sawing, milling, drillingSee above processing recommendations.

6.2 ProcessingWhen it comes to their intended use, it is essential toremember that the format of HPL compact boardschanges slightly as the climatic conditions change.The longitudinal changes in the boards are approxi-mately half as great as the changes in the transversedirection.

Usual fixing and joining methods (e.g. overlappingor concealed profiles, groove and tongue, screws,nails, rivets) can be used for HPL compact boards. In all cases, we recommend the use of corrosion-resistant fixing materials (caution: contact corrosionbetween the sub-structure and the fixture).

The information given in the processing recom-mendations mentioned above is particularly applica-ble to mechanical fixing and joining methods.

The design of the adhesive joints should not pre-vent dimensional changes from taking place in theboards. The choice of adhesive is determined by theexpected strain. (It is advisable to consult us in thismatter.)

If mounting on a sub-structure, please note thatmetal sub-structures change their dimensions as the temperature changes. In addition to this, thedimensions of the HPL compact laminates changeunder the influence of changes in the relative humidi-ty. The dimensional changes of the metal and theHPL can work in opposite directions. Care must betaken by the installation to leave sufficient play inthe fixtures, so that both the materials can moveaccordingly.

See the processing recommendation mentionedabove for tried and tested assembly examples.

Important notice:For full-length fixing, you should make the drillholes 2 mm - 3 mm larger than the diameter of thefixture (e.g. screws, rivets or nails). You can use ela-stic sleeves (e.g. made from polyamide) to ensure thatthe fixture is centered properly (see Fig. 2).

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Fig. 1: Storing boards in stacks

Protective sheeting andprotective plate

level base with protective sheeting

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Fig. 2: Elastic sleeve with protective cap

Fig. 3

Fig. 4 Fig. 5: Horizontal joints

min. 6 mm

a b c d

e f g h

7. Application and design examples

The examples shown below are schematic representa-tions.

7.1 Sample representations of butt joints for cladding sheets

7.1.1 Vertical jointsFig. 3: Center fastening using HPL assembly screwson a wooden sub-structure backed with a coveringstrip.

Fig. 4: Edge fastening of HPL to board abutment.Sufficiently wide covering strip backing. Caution:With a wooden sub-structure, joints must be “raintight”.

(a) “Raintight” horizontal joints for a woodensub-structure with a PVC or aluminum joint profile. Caution: make sure there is the requisite amount of room for movement.

(b) Horizontal joint with non-overlapping aluminum joint profile

(c) Horizontal board end cover – e.g. under window ledges – with rain rejection profile for wooden sub-structure.

(d) Joint backing with aluminum covering strip, reinforced with beading

7.1.2 Horizontal joints

(e) Raintight formation of horizontal joint by shiplapping board edges. Make sure that there is a 5 mm gap for movement.

(f) Open board joints. Possible with an aluminum sub-structure and working rear ventilation.

(g) Joint formation with milled tongue for 10 mm HPL

(h) Joint formation with slanted drop edge.Possible for all panel thicknesses.

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Fig. 6: External angles

Fig. 7: Internal angle with bent covering strip

INFORMATION

b External angle with aluminum edging profile and > 8 mm thick HPL.

a External angle for wooden sub-structure, bent PVC / aluminum covering strip. Advisable to chamfer edges.

5 mm

5 mm5 mm

7.1.3 Corner formation 7.2 Application examples

Fig. 8: Parapet elements made from HPL compact boards below a glassed partition.

Fig. 9: Display boards

Fig. 10: Park bench

Documents

01 TH engl. 12 - Panel Depot...(depressions) or streaks (bumps) already on the sub-strate plates, before glue and RESOPAL were applied, which later, with the composite board, under