Y B O a

AYTOHOMHO IIPABO KAO CAMOCTAJIHA I1PABHA AMCUMIIJIMHA

1. IlojaM M o6ene>Kja AyTOHOMHor npaBa

AyTOHOMHO npaBO npmiafla nopoAMijM BeoMa Mna^wx npaBHwx amcijm- nnMHa. O ho je y caBpeMeHOM HaynHOM cMMcny ycnocTaB/beHo Tex cpeAMHOM XX Bexa. Jl,o TaxBe ,,3axacHe/ie nojaBe 0Be AMCijMnnMHe aouiao je npe CBera 36or MHtbeHmie Aa je ayTOHOMHO npaBO Ayro BpeMeHa npeACTaB/bano nocTojaH npeAMeT CMCTeMaTCXor M3AaraH>a Apyrwx no3MTMBHonpaBHMx AMCi^ muiMHa. Ta- xof)e, Tex je y Apyroj tiojiobhhh XIX Bexa npBM nyT xnacnnHo cxBaTan>e ayTO- HOMwje npomwpeHO hobhm o6AMijMMa ayTOHOMHor opraHM30BaH>a y o6nacTM paAa. M Tex cy th hobh o6amljh opraHM30BaH>a, noc/ie BMiiie AeijeHHja pa3Boja, OMoryhwAM o6pa30BaH>e AyTOHOMHor npaBa xao caMocTanHe HaynHe npaBHe AwcuHnnnHe. flaxne, npBo je Hacrano ayTOHOMHO npaBO, a Tex 3aTMM noce6Ha HaynHa AMOjMnAMHa nocBeheHa HCKJbynnBO H>eMy.

AyTOHOMHO npaBO je He caMO BeoMa MnaAa HayHHa npaBHa AMcijMnnMHa Beh n AHCUwnAMHa y nocTojaHOM pa3Bojy. IberoB pa3Boj je HaponuTO y6p3aH oa KaAa cy oahocm y o6nacTM paAa nocraAM CTanaH caApxcaj n npeAMeT H>ero- bot MCTpa>KMBaH>a.

Ha Kpajy XX Bexa aoiuao je ao npoumpnBaH>a npeAMeTa McrpayKMBaiba Ha HOBe o6nmce ayTOHOMHor M3pa>xaBaH>a. Ohm ce 3acHMBajy Ha hobmm ynen>MMa mam TyManeHbMMa yneita o /tyACKMM cno6oAaMa n npaBMMa, y pacnoHy oa mh-AMBMAyaAHMX M MOpaAHMX na CBe AO nOCTMOAepHMCTMHKMX MyATMAMCllMnAM- HapHMx MCTpaxa ayTOHOMMje m H>eHor npaBa.1 TnMe cy CTBopeHM ycnoBM

1 BwfleTH: D. Gauthier, Morals by Agreement, Oxford University Press, 1986; R. Young, Autonomy: Beyond Negative and Positive Liberty, St. Martins Press, New York, 1986; T. Christiano, The Rule of Many Fundamental Issues in Democratic Theory, Westview Press, 1988; C. Mackenzie, Toward a Feminist Theory of the State, Harward University Press, 1989; L. Howorth, Autonomy: An Essay in Philosophical Psychology and Etics, Yale University Press, New Haven, 1989; T. Hill, Autonomy

"Nil

MaroutmW

i mii.iu' i iu'ik' Jincmiiwiiiiie ayTonoMiior iipmm ,

M' " , nymm " uyTom>M..je. Kj * ""n.

MH. I r ' " " ' " " 'y j " 1' " " P ll:u|iiK Autonomy and Self-Transformation, y: Social Theory m Autrmn' " 3^ N0' ^ Cambrid8e University Press, New York, 2001; M. Friedman, Feinum' FemlnkmT^M0/'^ : ^ thc Work f VirSinia Hcld> 1998; M. Fricker and J. Hornsby

P h Z C K ,Cf CccPtions of Autonomy", y: The Cambridge Companion to Fenun.sm Rtitlosophy, Cambridge University Press, 2000. &

MAetH: y. Kmh, Lfueunm gpymiueo, Beorpa, 2003. .JeE on l99lr0PDW0Wrf Fedcratio? A Critical Analysis of Federal World Govern^ Europe- Ethical p ^ l> ^ osmoPobtism anc* Sovereignty", y: Political Rcstructur Z 72010 PCCtiVCS' London 1994: M- MmtpobV r/opuja gpxaec u W * ScBM7teTM: T. May> >Jhe c t ..... ............ Vol. 31.Na 2'

2. C axp>KHHa, iifH'UMer it x e ro x Avix' hommop upxHX

JaHac >e reiuxo oxpexnm ran He oopucc ohc xhcuhh imho, uoceouo xax*> ce xa x^e xa hx'hv caxp>otHv oamuxaBaiv cbm avroMOMHn xpvuinu'MM oxhoch. }{nax. )t raxa nocToie novaxana vnopmura xom rpocioino npMxaxviv .Mp^nSt ^ t'in'Si'WSiV

rip? ox cxov npunaxaiv avtohoxhh o:uuvh xoim can um naiv npexxor rpa xuuuoKaxHux ooxuxa ayroHOXHor npaBa voOHnamo. iipxBCHO, crarvvapHO mix. xtmbo\ xpvrox oxhoch xoiu ce thmv ooixctm paxa a^axpv'XMO. cmhuhk.i tmo. r.ocxoxxBanxo mix. npxsot, a rpehex oxhoch kom ce tmmv hhxhbmxvmm or intt VvViekTHSHor uxeHTHTera avTOHOxmix noiexHHaua n ut counja um\ rpvna xoje cBO;e ocoochocth CBe orBopemiie iiaioKiBaiv uoxMBaixex na wrpohv' h im hckv vui KOBirv renepaiiiny bvxcxhx cxooxa h npana. Huhe neoxa hooohmho axo apew na Tor rpeher. HaipaayheHitier n Haixaixe oxpehenor cioia Ayiohommot r.pasa c Bpexenox He Hacrawy join hckh jbcivbh hobm otmum mum ce noiaiu nacxyhyie. npsii m xpvnt cxoi noyaxano npmuuaiy Ay vohomhox npany, ;u>x e rpehit cxoi y hcto spexe npexxer xpvriix Havsnux n HOHOMaBexeMMX ayro-

koxhhx xi'cnitmuHa. xao uito je Hexax oho cxynai ca ay vohoxhmm upaBOX xao no;aBOM 6ea Aytohoxhot npaxa xao caxocra ihc h.ivmhc upa mu' xhcummimhc.

HasexeHa caxp.xHHa ayroHOXHor npaBa xao noiane oxpehyie npcvy npex* xera h xeroxa xoiiixa ce Kopneni Aytohoxho npaso.

i7/vxwc: Ayioso.vno i/mb*; camitt i^Baiv cbh xBaiurern u neae xojn ce t;ihy avTOHOxnie h HeHor rrpaBa. Avtohoxho npaso npy>xa uexoBiua h hc- ntHirra SHaatsi o npexxeTv cbot HCTpanoiBdTBa xaxa cy OHa licxycrBeno npo- sepBiiBa. Ta xHaixa o KBa-urTeTMxa n eeaaxa napaJKaBaiy ce noj.MOBMMa h aa-XOHMTOCTMXa.

Iloiueeu cy ooicxeHe oxpexe o cvuithhh h HaiB*uKHiijHM oexe>xjnMa Hexe noiase mxh h>hxobot cxyna. Ohm xory xa yxy ochobhh, oiiuith noceiSnii h noiexJiHHHH. A m , caxo ochobhhx h onuinix nojxoBHMa oimcyjy ce rxamm KBaxirreni axTOHOXiiie x H>eHor npaBa, xoiii ce xacHiije KOHxpu'Tiiayjy noceo- HHX M noieXHHHHHM nOIMOBHMa.

3 i i x o H u i t v iiM ii c e H 3p a> K aB ajy n p a B iiiH O C T ii y p a c n o H V o x n p u p o x H i i x

3 a x o H a , n p e x o 3a x o H a B e p o B a T H o h e , c s e x o T e H x e H m ijc K iix n p a B iix H O C T H . ] l n a x ,

B e a e avT O H O M ine h h ^ h o t n p a s a c a x p > x a B O x h h >c h h x n p a s o w , K a o h i b u x o b c

Be a e ca x p y n L M x p y in T B e H H M jl x h n a x n p u p o x H i i x n o ja B a M a , p e T x o n c a x i o n o - cp e x H O H C T p a a c y ty ce K opH inheH >eM C T p o m x n p u p o x H i i x 3 a x o H a . H a jM e m h e c e t o ^ h h h K op itnih eH > eM 3aK O H a B e jx > B a T H o h e h T e H x e H u n jc x H x n p aB H X H O C T ii.

rioixoBiLvia ce omic)iy a^TOHOxiija u avTOHOMHo npaso xaxBH cy y Tpe- hvtkv nocxaipafi>a (craTMHHOCT), xok ce aaxoHirrocTMMa o6jaiiiHaBajv h>hxo- bo KpeTa h xe^ycoOHO aexoBaibe (xnnaxiiMHOCT). riojMOBii 11 3axoHiiTOCTM camHABan* naBHM npejMeT Avtohomhot npaBa xao caxocTaxne nayMHe npaB- He XMciiHnxKHe.

M e i o g j e n y r , H a*m H , c p e x c T B O x a c e n o c T i i r n e H e x T u x M e T o x a je

B K m e . O h m c y 3aiexH )fH K M 3 a C B e B p c r e n p a s a . V A y m o h o m h o m p a e v x o p u c T e

c e x a o H a jB a a a o f iH c i e x e h i i ca3H ajH M m c t o x h :

'K,

"u- U*u KOiH ie npBCTCTBeHO H3MCH.CH 3a yn.pI)MIUM

Z 7 Z T ^ npa.'11 HPMH H m % " Hia,,a;- KOiH CHV*M 33 HCTPa)KHBaHe H CaBHahmw

Z Z Z r cHCTeMa: eroBor HopMatHBHor cacxaua. can,,,a ' ^

Z u llu 'tom cny*H aa yxBpbHBaH,e aoxhmkhx neaa Haweby rZ aenoBa npaBa Kao norHHKe xBOPeBe; axcuonouvcu, KOjH ce koPhcth aa opebHBaH,e npennocxH h cynoBa, 6ea xojHx ho Mo*e a aanoHHe nocxynax cxBapa,a npaa, Ka aa npaBHy KpHXHKy, aixo je apyn. bha cxsapatta npaBa; "COMUOAOWKU, KOjH ce KOpHCXM 33 HCXpa*HBaH,e APyillTBCHHX y;Ka npaBa Kao aace6ne ApyulXBeHe nojase h .erOBHx neaa ca py^ ctimhhmm nojaBaMa;

Hd

- ucuxonotuKu, KOjH cny>KM aa MCTpa>KMBaH,e npaBa Kao iicmxmmkc iI()ja. Be, Tj. caapacaja npaBHe cbcctm /byAM m h>mxoboi c raiia npeMa npaiiy; uonuiuuKonouiKU, Kojn ce KopwcTM 3a MCTpa>KMBan>e npaBa Kao no;iM. TMHKe nojaBe, a HapoHMTO 3a oijeHy kojmm Bpc raMa aKara rpefia 6yay peryjincaHM OApe^ eHM ApyuiTBeHU oahocm;uciuopujacu, noMohHM MdOA y npaBy, kojmm ce aHa/iniHMKH napa- >Kyje n ca3Haje npaBO Kao MCTopnjcKa nojaBa; h

- yuopeguu (KOMnapaTMBHw), TaKotie noMohHM mctoa, Kojn ce cacrojn M3 ynopeAHonpaBHor MCTpa>KMBaH>a HajMaH>e ABa Aena Aa pa3/inmm HaijHOHaAHa npaBa.5

HaBeAeHM onuiTM mctoam ca3HaH>a npaBa npeACTaBA>ajy npnnpeMy 3a ko pMinheH>e ouuiiuux tcxhmhkmx npaBHMX MeTOAa, Kojw ce Aene Ha Meuioge ciuea- pawa (cnoHTaHor /6e3 noce6He CBecra n nnaHa/ m CBecHO-nnaHCKor CTBapaita npaBa)6 m Meuioge upuMene upaea.

riocToje m uoceHu tcxhmhkm MeTOAH CBecHO-nnaHCKor CTBapaiba npaBa Kao uho cy TaKcaTMBHM, npMMepMHHH, Ka3yncTMHKM, ancTpaKTHM, Hane^ HM m npeueAeHTHM.7

TdKcauiuenuM HopMupaweM HaBOAe ce CAynajeBM KojM cy npeAMeT iipa- BHor peryAMcaH>a, 36or Hera ce HopMe y npaBHOM aKTy npMMeityjy t3hho Ha cAynajeBe Kojn cy m3pmhmto HaBeAeHM. Ha npnMep, aKo cy HaBeACHM CAynajeBM 1, 2, 3 h 4, npaBHM aKT He MOAce Aa ce npMMeityje Ha cnynajeBe 5, 6, 7 mta- Oho ce Hajneiuhe KopMCTM y kpmbmhhom m amci m^hamhckom npaBy.

npuMepuHHUM HopMupaweM ce y npaBHOM aKTy haboac HajBa)KHMjM c/iy* najeBM Ha Koje ce Taj onuiTM aKT npMMeH>yje, a 3atmm ce H>MX0Ba npwMeHa np mMpyje KopnmheH>eM aHanornje Ha Apyre cnynajeBe Kojn cy mm camhhm. npMMep, axo cy y aKTy HaBeAeHM CAynajeBM 1, 2, 3 vi 4, tbkbb aKT MO*e Aa ce npMMepbyje m Ha Apyre camhhc CAynajeBe 5, 6, 7 mam 8, bam H,eroBa npwMeHa e5

6 7

^ 9 / 5 , cy g t a p a , a "Ca6p,Ha p PMOH! 0 - T jBeorpafl, 2010^cTp. 4-6 ^ M MMTp0BMh, TeoPW dpxcaee u upaea, CTp. 28-29 u

^nym h, Meaogonoiuja upaea, crp. 178-208.apM , Ciueapawe upaea, 3arpe6 - BaH,a /Iyica, 1991, CTp. 105-122.

Mcme aa ce pacnaune na cayMajene 10, l /, /? myu xojn cy y fwao xaxuoj boom ca npitMopiiMHO HnueaeiuiM c/iyMajewiMa. Ono co xopMcrn y rpal;ancxoM iipany u fpny paAHor npana.

Kciyiuuin'thUM HopMupaibCM oapeljyjy ce cayMajenn xojn cc nanoae y npaimiiM aKTiiMa. To je ceaexxiinHo iiopMMpaii.e iipMaaroljeiio oaionapajyhcM Hilary: na npiiMep, xaaa ce upanmi axx oanocu iia naafipane cayaajeae 2 ,6 m 15, h caMO Ha ihiix, aan ne u na caynajene xojn npexxoao M3a6paiMM cnyiajennMa jian caefle nocae ihiix. HniMe iipanomopan y axxy mctmmc aiiaaaj n:ia6paiiMX caynajeBa noje Hopwnpa, 3a pasanxy oa apyrnx caywajeua.

AucuipaKuiHUM nopMupawcM ce y upaiuioM axxy na ancxpaxxan iiawmi oape^yjy cnynajeBii xojn nornaaajy noa 3aMninaeiin cayaaj xojnM ce o6yxinixa aiiTaBa KaTeropiija ynanpea neoapeljeunx xonxpexnnx cpoannx cay'iajena: na npiiMep, xaaa cy y axxy noa oniiiTCHaneacHM cayaaj 1 noaneacun cbm apyi'H caynajeBii 2, 3, 4, 5 JiTfl. To ce nocxime uanaaMeii.eM aajeaunMXMx o6eae>xja na HH3a KOHKpeTHiix caynajena m mcxmm tbxbmm cacraBa.an.eM onmxe iiopMC raiaH. OnuiTM tcxhmhxm MeToaw CTBapana npaBa n cymime cy onniTM, aox cy noceHM tcxhmhxm MeToaw m cyBMiue KOHKpeTHM. 36or Tora npaBOTBopaa Mopa yMeuiHO aa mx KOM6nHyje axo >xean aa ce CTBopeHO npaBO npnMeibyje. Mnax, cbm th MeToaM, m ca3HajHM m tcxhmhxm, Mel)yco6HO cy noBe3ann, ynoT- nyH>yjy ce, m cbm cy noajeanaxo Ba>XHM 3a ca3HaBan>e ayTOHOMHor npaBa, ibero- bo CTBapaHbe m npMMeHy. Pe3yaTaTM ao6MjeHM npMMeHOM HaBeaeHMX ca3najiiMX MeToaa cMCTeMaTM3yjy ce m hmhc noce6Hy npaBHy awcaMnaMiiy noa na3MBOM AyTOHOMHO npaBO.

3 . OflHOC AyTOHOMHor npaBa npeMa flpyrwM npaBHMM AMCi^nnnnHaMa

M3Me^y AyTOHOMHor npaBa xao caMOCTaaHe HaynHe npaBiie wiawnnvm e m apyrnx npaBHMX ancaMnaMHa nocToje 6pojHe n pa3HOBpcne Be3e. OHe oape^yjy MecTo AyTOHOMHor npaBa m iberoB 3Hanaj Me^y apyrMM awcannaMHaMa.

8 Ph. Harris, An Introduction to Law, Cambridge Un. Press, 2007, erp. 23-26, 85 n aan,c.

*>' r i ^ n 'o r 'M H ) . J lp m m m . f t " 1 " 111'"11'"* npay. "I\'"'" Z k p. m o Tcopuiu t r ' " 'V '""

HavHHV ancu.ma.my Koja npy* anan.a o oc,i,u,hm m Sie-ava n acaaxu ap*a*c .. npaaa, aa paamtK-y o * Ay mnoM,,,,,- ,l|ua %

cMiicay luwaeHa teopiycKa nncuimmnia. *1Av^ phomho upaeo Kao uiocqcna uteopujcKa piu^uumnu, npni

ce 02Bi! a\*TOHOMiijoM u avTOHOMHHM upaiioM na iiojcMUii.aitajylui 11 y()1|liilllJ saivhJ*. H2HHH. Kao noieAiiibaBajyha AiicuniiAinia. 0110 ce ncnocpcAno *)CjJa *' Ha reoV.-rraTe Teopnje apncase 11 npana (unit Ilpaime Teopitje), npey:lHMa Kori'.ciH 33 csoje noTpeoe, ami n caMO, Kao yonnnaHajyha Ancnmi;im,a , csoia ocHOBHa u onuiTa 3Haiba o KnamneTiiMa 11 lieaaMa ayroiioMHje u ay1() HOMHor npasa. TaKol)e, v Mepii y Kojoj Teopuja ;ipxa. Ta 3Haisa ce AaHac ciiCTeMarcKi-i na;ia>iKase u npasa n Me i o/jo/iomja npana yauMaiy y oosiip pesynTaTe AyTOHOMHor npaBa, Kopucrelin nx ia n p y r iix n o 3 iiT iiB H o n p a sH H x AMCHMiunnia, o n o n cbmo npy- aca O A ro sap a jy h a y o n u rra B a jy h a n n o jc A in s a B a jy h a no3M T H B n on paB iia asaiwo c bo m caa p JK a jy 11 npeflM eTy. T o je n a p o m iT o n p w M eT n o Ka/ja je pen o iipaimuM AHcniinmiHa-Ma /IpacaBHor, P a ^ H o r 11 T p ro B aM K o r n p a B a , o a k o ju x ce Ay ronoM- ho npaBO O A Bojim o h n o c r a n o caM O C Tanno.

KaA je pen o Be3axia AyTOHOMHor npaBa ca flpxcaofiuM (ham, y y>KCM cmi ci\, >craBHiiM) npaBOM, onurneAHO je Aa cy Te Be3e ochobhc m Miiorofipojii Ilnax, ayroHOMHO npaB0 Hnje HiiKaKBo KOHKypenTCKo npaso Apwamic npaB) - noceoHO He AaHac - jep je ynpaBo Ap>KaBa ca CBojnM AP>i

17y*v

pnjaAHe ayTOHOMiije n HonanHe caMoynpaBe, npaBa pa3AMHMTMX npnBpeAHMX jpyuiTaBa mam oahocm y paAy ii3Mel)y nocAOAaBapa m paflHMKa. Y noMeHyTMM npiiNiepiiMa, ayTOHOMnja je h)okho orpaHimeHa 3axTeBOM fla ayTOHOMHM aicrM oyay caraacHM ca ycTaBOM, 3aKOHOM n ApyrMM p^>KaBHiiM nponMCMMa, naK m y cavnajeBUMa KaAa ce H>iiMa cawo AOCTBapyje flp>KaBHO npaBO. M o6paTHO, jp>KaBa CBojiiM npaBOM Mo>Ke m caMa 3 a ype!)yje ayTOHOMHe oflHOce KojM cy MHane Beh peryAMcaHM HopMaMa ayTOHOMHor npaBa. Ann TaKBO H>eHO npaBO, naxo ca^ p>KJiHCKii HamiK ayTOHOMHOM, 11 Aan>e je flp>KaBHO. Ha npnMep, Ap- j*caBa vcTaBOM, 3aKOHUMa 11 ApyrMM nponnciiwa ypeljyje OAHOce Kojn ce Tnny upKBe, ciiHAiiKaTa mam nocAOAaBanKMX yApy>KeH>a, amt n caMa ppKBa, cmham- Kam mam nocnoflaBaMKa yApy>KeH,a cbojhm ayTOHOMHMM nponMCMMa TaKofje ypeljyiy cBojy AenaTHocT n Apyre OAHOce c tmm y Be3M. Y npBOM CAynajy, pen je O AP>KaBHOM (eK7ie3UjaCUlUUKOM) ApKBeHOM, CHHAHKaJIHOM MAM nOCAOAaBan- kom npaBy, a y ApyroM o npaBOM ayTOHOMHOM ppKBeHOM, cMHAMKaAHOM mam nocAOAaBanKOM npaBy.

MoryhHocT Aa mctm oahocm 6yAy MCTOBpeMeHO ypeljMBaHM HopMaMa AP_ )*caBHor m ayTOHOMHor npaBa yxa3yje Ha nocTojan>e MHoro CAO>KeHMje Be3e H3- Mefjy Ap>KaBHor n ayTOHOMHor npaBa oa nyxnx OAHOca KOHKypeHpnje. TaKBa MoryhHOCT nnaK He aoboam y nmaite HecyMH>HBy npeMoh AP^aBHor HaA ay- TOHOMHMM npaBOM nOUITO LjpKBa, CMHAMKaTM MAM nOCAOAaBaHKa yApyM*aMa ca AeMOKpaTCKMM ycTa- BMMa o6 mhho ce o6 mm m caAp>KMHa ayTOHOMHMx npaBa He oApeljyjy cacBMM npepM3HO, uiTO 0CTaB;Ba npocTop 3a perymtcaibe ApyuiTBeHMX OAHOca ayTO- homhmm npaBHMM nponMCMMa, ann caMO y OKBMpMMa xoje OApeljyje AP^aBa CBOjMM npaBOM.12

BeAMKii 6poj Hapa3AMHMTMjnx Be3a nocTojn M3Me^ y AyTOHOMHor npaBa m Pagnol iipaea, HaponHTO KaAa je pen o npaBMMa n o6aBe3aMa paAHMKa m nocAO- AaBaiia, ycAOBMMa m pe>KMMy paAa, bmcmhm HaAHMija, cou,MjaAHoj mam ApyrMM BpcTaMa cMrypHOCTM Koje npoM3Aa3e m3 OAHOca paAa, nouiTO cy cbm tm oahocm npeAMeT MHTepecoBarba o6 e OBe AMcpnnAMHe. 13 AyTOHOMHO m PaAHO npaBO m AaHac peryAMUiy MCTe mam camhhc OAHOce y paAy n noBOAOM paAa. 36or Tora ce OBe ABe npaBHe AHcqMnAMHe HaAa3e y mctom OAHOcy Kao y noMeHyTOM npn- Mepy AP>KaBHor (eKAe3njacTMHKor) ijpKBeHor, CMHAMKaAHor mam nocAOAaBan- Kor ca ayTOHOMHMM ijpKBeHMM, CMHAMKaAHMM mam nocAOAaBaHKMM npaBOM. MnaK, ocHOBHa pa3AMKa M3Met)y AyTOHOMHor m PaAHor npaBa jacHa je noniTO je pa3AMHMT h>mxob MeTOA peryAMcafta mctmx ApyuiTBeHMX OAHOca. PaAHO npa- bo je M3pa3 ApJKaBHe BOA>e ocHaxeHe MMnepnjyMOM h>chmx opraHa. flpAcaBHa BAacT npexo CBojnx opraHa MO>Ke Aa ypeljyje OAHOce y paAy mam noBOAOM paAa m KaAa je to peryAMcaH>e npoTMBHO boa>m cmhamkaahmx mam nocAOAaBanKnx opraHM3aiiMja (Ha npMMep, MMHMMaAHe HaAHMije, MMHMMaAHe ycnoBe 3aniTM- Te Ha paAy, Hy>KHe ycAOBe 3a o6ycTaBy paAa mam 3aTBapaH>e npeAy3eha mta.). PaAHO npaBO TaKo^e noKa3yje Aa y o6nacTM paAa nocTojn HecyMHMBa HaAMofr Ap>KaBHor HaA ayTOHOMHMM npaBOM.

12 Bhacth: C. Tpowmai, LfpKeeuo upaeo, Beorpa, 2011.13 BHfleTH: B. Bpajwh, Pagno upaeo, Eeorpafl, 2001.

18Ayuioiuwiio i,

nocTojH h TpaflHKMOHaMa ueaa M3Mcl,y AymMOMn.M' H (Tp.roBHHCKor, noc/iooiior unu npniipc/pior iipaiia). Ona je jacna y peiiy Koj MM je 3ajeAHMMKM, a oahocm ce na ayTonoMMjy no/i.e TpronaMKMX ( iioc/iowihx) cyjeKaTa y noc/ioBMMa poHor npoMcra, opranMaoan.a npc'Ayae ia m Apyinx nocTiOBHMX opraHM3ai;Mja ciiennjajiM30Baiinx aa npoM3BOAny, npoMci m 06a- Baifae ycnyra. SajeAHMHKM npeAMCT pery;iMcana AyronoMiior m IpionuMKor npaa HapoHMTo je M3pa>xeH y Ac;iy iKaja iioc;iobiimx cy6jeiaiiajy m iipen/inhy c K/ia- cmhhmm npaBHMM noc/ioBMMa TproBaHKor npaa. Mimk, m i y mo>kc Aa cc oApe- Am pa3/iMKa M3Mel)y ibmx, a/iM bmiiic npcMa MCTOAy nero iipcAMcry pery/mcau.a. ripaBMno je Aa KaAa cy 0Apel)ena craTycna iiMran.a peryaMcaiia aaKonoM, pei je o TproBaHKOM npay, a KaAa to irnje cayaaj, o ayronoMiioM lipnuy. TaiKaiio upalio, AyroiioMHO npaiio je cacunM MaaAa, caMOCTaaHa HayHHa npaBHa amojmo/imim Koja ce aiianio ocaau.a na npaiuie, co- ijMja/me, nojiMTMHKe, ctmhkc m Apyre AMcuMiiaMiie. Ibcroiiy caAp>KMiiy caMitiba- ajy Hajpa3aMHMTMjM ApyuJTBeuM oahocm KojM ce iipamio M3pa>Kauajy y omiKy ayTOHOMMje m ayTOHOMHMX npaBMaa nonauiaii.a. Tmm npaiw/iMMa n ibuxobhm KBaaMTeTMMa m Be3aMa AyTOHOMiio npao ce 6auM Kao TcopnjcKoiipanua u 110- 3MTMBHonpaBHa, a y OApetjenoj MepM m Kao ynopcAHOiipaBiia m TexmiMKoiipan- Ha AWCi^ MnaMHa. Mnax, HMje pea o xpccTOMaicKM, eh o xobmctmmkm caaflanoj AMCuMnaMHM ycMepenoj Ka MyaTMAMCHMnaMiiapnoM MCTpa>KMan.y.

rioMeHyTM MyaTMAMCAMnaMiiapiiM npMCTyn noKaayje ko/imko ucmiko im- TepecoBaae BaaAa 3a ayTonoMMjy m ayTonoMiio npao. 'lb Mirrepecouaibe 110- TBp^yje oMMHa aMTepaTypa nocBeheiia h.mxobmm iiajpaaaMMMTHjMM crpaiiaMa - o HeBepoBaTHOM pojy caAP>i

n P B M f l E O

OCHOBHA M OnUITA 3HAH>A O

AYTOHOMHOM IIPABY

I masayonniTE o aytohomhom nPABy

I. Ih'mim u i/jamia 3HaneH>a M3pa3a ayTOHOMHO npaBo

Ha mu ayTOHOMHO npaBo (Autonomous Law) npeflcraB/ba KOHBemjno- hh/iiim npsmin napa3 Kojn HeMa cacBMM jacHO m OApel)eHO 3HaneH>e. 36or Tora on wopa /(o/taxHO /^a ce npeqnanpa, Kaico 6m ce TaHHo 3Hano Ha uiTa ce oahocm. M>mmc ce najnemhe 03HaHaBajy pa3AMHMTa yneita npaBHe (f)nno3o4)Mje m Teo- pnje o ;;ojMy m HacraHKy ayroHOMHor npaBa (iteroBoj reHe3M, eTnonornjM m cno/iynnjn)f m/im Mecxo m ynora ayTOHOMHor npaBa Kao BennKor npaBHor noA- CMCTCMa fnopcA rioAcncTeMa Ap>KaBHor npaBa), mam hobobckobhm m caBpeMeHM 06/fmi(w ay roHOMHor npaBa pafla (nocAOAaBanKo m CMHAMKaAHo npaBo), mam, naj3a/(, nojc/iMHC rpaAMMMOHanHe mam HOBe M3BeAeHe BpcTe ayTOHOMHor npaBa y Mac'rajan>y (craryTapHO npaBo mam ayTOHOMHO npaBo MfleHTMTeTa acKpnn- 7MBHMX rpyna).

AyUionoMHo upaeo Kao tueopujcKU uojau. Kaa ce M3pa30M ayTOHOMHO npaso 03Ma(jaBajy paa/wnnTa yHena o iteroBOM nojMy n HacTaHKy, TaAa ce ayTOHOMHO i/pano o6jamnana y cKAaAy ca raeAniiiTMMa y npaBHoj 4)nno3o4)njn m Teopnjn, Koja ocnopaBajy AMMHannjy AP>KaBe m mohoamthoct npaBa y KopncT ApyuiTBeHe ay ronoMnje m iiAypaAM3Ma npaBa. FIpeAHOCT ayTOHOMHor HaA AP>^ aBHMM npaBOM Maj'fcwhe ce aacnnna Ha reHeTMHKMM, ctmoaouikmm m eBOAyijMOHHM apryMeHTM- Ma. I IpeMa nMMa, ayTOHOMHO npaBo npeTXOAM APaBM m h>chom npaBy mam nax noaojM neaaBMCHO oa ibmx m ycAOBA>aBa mx. llocToje m cynporaa rAeAMurra, Koja wcTM'iy noApctjcHOCT ayTOHOMHor npaBa AP^ aBHOM npaBy. FIpeMa tmm eTaTMCTMH- kmm rACAHiiiTMMa, ncvioxynHO npaBo je cyuiTMHCKM AP^ aBHO.

Ayu/omumo

HacranaK avTOHOMHOi U * pa:10j (eiuiAvnnja) AP*ainoM naAapvuirBeHOM naa Ap*aBiiiM. aciaiika u paanoja ayronoMMOi npa .apvuiTBeHHM. VnpKoc tomcn i . ot'>a upHcryiia. lb Ha*M u a a hck,ea casio actihmumijo l u m i p - oja avToioMHor pana, Koje iipaHi,apnjcKonpaiuia o(yiauibt'iba HacTaHKa nph06im ,o , ay,oHoMHo, pe.a>Ka hc w > "lau.u A> M * M > , ....... ...... ... c,apaoa pa

ta H.ena Moh, m-cro , , na ou-J.h, sa. HounoTaKan ^ ' Bl111ltf T.piiXBarajv niU'lv l./.ypa;... im., vcaBpeMeHa aeMOKpaTCKa npvuiTBa tBe Bini, nj

* i i cra/iHUM upoMciuiMa y Apyiiuv unpaBHOi npaKCU. lo ie cacBHM \ ckAaA) fnpaBV, Kao u ca MHorocTpvKiiM iipcll/imaii.cM APV111"'-'"11 ca 1,1npeii/i.,Ta.t>e noKaavje aa noja ayTomMHor ..pana HMje m ho mt h. mrh M .pa3 UTO CnO>KeH H BMUieCTpVKO CAOjeBllT.

MiKfla je y HaBCACMOM reopujckOM 3iiaMen,y HajiioioAintje ;u ce naniH ,,ayTOHOMHO npaso Kopneni y Aa i/iamia anaiieii.a. IlpeMa upnoM, ay johom hum npaBOM Morne 6n ao ce Ha30y Apyi|irBeHe uopNie koje pacuona/kv .hum CBojcTBHMa upaBa, yKA>yMyjyhn n AP>Jmutie npaBHO cbo)ctbo. iAaBHa pa3AMKa M3Met)y toj- no i uy joj ayioHOMiior upaiu a Ap>KaBHor npaBa TpeOaAO 6m ce cacrojn y peru cy6 jekaia koju v. i napao ayTOHOMHO npaBO. IlpeMa ApyroM 3HaMeiby, ay ronoMHUM upatioM moj ne mi ;u ce Ha30By m ApymTBeHe HopMe Koje ApacaBa He canKUUotiume, a/m koie eaApkc BehnHy Apyrwx 3ajeAHM4KMX CBojcTaBa npaBa (cnoA.anm.oc i, Apyi i'neiu. t, \e TeporeHOCT, Mep/bHBOCT, perynaTMBHOCT mta).10 3a 03naMaiiau.e uu iieuoi u\ 1101 ham HeAOBpmeHor ayTOHOMHor npaBa 06114110 ce kopne re napa.m ,,Ap\ m 1 eno" MAH counjaAHo npaBO. TMMe ce nai/iamana meiona pamuka oa ..AP'kauot" npaBa m ApyiuTBeHMX npaBMAa.* * * 17 18

Ayui0H0MH0 upaeo Kao uogcucium uputni, ka/iu ce na.ui av iouomuo upa bo ynoTPe6M y Heu.TO y*eM anaBea.y, ibiimc cc o.iia'iai... jc ju ii b .-b .iku TeM npaBa Kojn nocrojM ynoptW> c i.oachctcmom n p *ao i ,,p.,a om v,..a paaaHMMTe npaBHe ycraHoBe, ipane odnaera.' Tak,... ay.om.Kmo .hcto BPeMe npeACTaBB,a npeAMor . .a p a lm a m a ,ipaHc pa.BHMBTHK n03HTMBH01.paBH.lX AHC.HHmma. To ,,C p a * , I.. I.oop.iM ,MnoACTaKyTO y n o ro Ko,y y caBpeMa.mM ,,p a . , a . ,Majy k o .-k ........ , , , ........... ..o pay h yHyTPamH.a ,,paBHa ,,peAy3eha. A.m, poK.a >KaKV l.amp-pa,.,, Oacques V a M n d en ) h APy.HM pHca,m.,aMa u.,m ja,mo. ,,pa..o, upa AM3Ma, 4aK HM noMohy npaBHiix lioAcm IVM . ..... i 1 4 aimoi i nvj aTeMa y KOe cbbkh Aeo n ia ...... ...................KacHOCT npaBa.19 Pu*!' ^ uu " I 1"

1617

P. /lyKMh. IIojaM iipaiu, i6o,muK mi tucotmjy L .Bmactm: P. AyKwh, Jh.jaM npaBa; (. ( ;,1IVJ , //. .'Fundamental Principles /.S)nWx7n/'/.,iMM:a11ihri l ! mi iiU,td luu 1en droit romain. Pluralisme juridique, Bruxalles 197 '^ ^ ^ ^ 1

18 Bnflem: C. Bpanap, T. upiltlH(m

(>.>imiill,i in,in.,i ,>,ivut,iw,i, 21

VUIOHOMHO tip,ino luio ii/uiiio papu, I la tim ayronoivnio upano y rpeheM .uueieu.y oaiioui ce na oomiKc ayioiioMiioi' upana Koju cy luteranu Kao peaya-xax oprauii.ionaiie Oopoe paAuitKa aa iioOo;.....an.e ymona paa u pacuoeAeAoapa, ij. eneMeurapnoi Mtamucra /Minora. Taimo ayronoivnio upano paa (j)panany*.kii iituap Ivpap Mopim (llyar Morin) civurrpa peaynraroM KOMiipo- Miica u.iMeby uocnoanana u paim'iuitx yApy>ieiHiim;iaiuijc aaKona u cdcmoIim iiapaaMCH- ra. .lajeuo ca Apynuvt muipiMa, Moptin aa oaiia'ianaii.e ayrouoMHor upaiia pa;u Kopneni napaac: coipijaaim upano", ckoiiomcko upano", uiiAycxpuj- CKO aaKonoancum , paAUiriKo laKouoAanc rno, paAim'iKO upano, paHo upano , upano paa ur.*1 Mel)y tmm, tu uapaau ucMajy ynci< mcto auaMeme, i j. uucy ..yxoaim yupKoc u.uxonoj yuorpeu. I la upuMcp, uapaa conujaauo upano, Kat) cuuoiium aa aymiioMim upano uau aa upano yomirre, ueMa mcto auaMCino ca uapaaoM conujanno upano KojuM cc oauauana ay toiiomho iipao poa. To na>KM u aa u.cMy (uimcko auaMoii.c Koje co neayje aa uapaa ckohomcko upano. IrtKoljo, oi< je uapaa conujanno upano y of>a auaueu.a npeniupoK, U3- paa uuAycrpujcKo aaKouoancrno upeyaai< je jep ce cap>Kuna ayroHOMHor npaa ue oitocu caiuo na lipanue uopMe Koje ouocu pwana aa perynucaibe panux oiioca y uuycTpnju (ran. eK/ieaujacruMKO upano paa). HanporuB, ayroHOMHo upano o6yxnaia u onoce uanaH Miiycrpnje, Kao u MUKpooHO- ce n Hopiue Koje crnapajy caMu yMeaiMpu upopeca npou3BOibe. Ta npuMea Ba>KM u 3a U3pa3e panuMKO upano u panuMKO 3aKOHOAaBCTBo, jep ce ay- TOHOMHO upano He oahocm caiuo na paAHUKe, hmtm je 3anncaHO caMo y 3aKOHU- Ma. hberoBe HopMe ce oAHOce kbko na nnacHUKe Kanuxana, Taxo u Ha opeljeHe Ap>K3BHe opraHe Koju pacrionawy anaxuuM OBnaiuheibUMa u o6aBe3aMa y OBoj Ba>KHoj onaexu. Haj3aA, y uocneihe Bpeiue ce y npaBHoj Haypn KopucTu U3- pa3 paAHO npaBo mau npaBO paAa, uuivie ce nexuue HurbeHupa a cy Hop- Me KojuMa ce peiyAumy pa u pacnoe;ia 3aoKpy>KeHe u rpynucaHe y 3aceHy paHonpaBHy penuHy. 3ajeHUHK0 o6eAe>Kje cbmx tux HopMu, He3aBMCHo o Tora ko ux OHOcu, je d e a cy OHe nacxane Kao pe3yAxaT opraHM30BaHe 6op6e paHMKa M a ce noBOOM paa cxnapajy uperoBapameM M3Met)y noenoaapa m nocAOaaHKMX ypyweiba m paHMKa m ibuxoBUX ypy>Keiba, xj. CMHMKaxa.

AyioHOMHO paeo Kao KapaKiuepuciuHHa epciua paea oahocm ce Ha nojeMHe ucxopMjcKe mam capeMeHe onuKe ayxoHOMHor npaa (rpaCKo, 06- AacHO, ecHa(j)CKO m nexoBCKo, cxaxyxapHO, npKeHO, coMjanHo, MHycxpujcKo, CMHMKaAHO ux. npao).

O BpcTe 3HaHeH>a Koja ce Be3yjy 3a nojaM ayxoHOMHor npaa m 3HaHeH>a Koja ce npMajy iberoMM 3aceHMM pcxaMa mam cpoHMM nojaaMa Koje o6yx- Baxa ayxoHOMHO npao, 3aMCM Kaxo he Ce ayxoHOMHO npao a ce Ha30e. 20 21

20 G. Morin, La loi et le contract, la dcadence de leur souverainet, Paris, 1927, CTp. 15.21 BwfleTM: H. Capitant & Ch. Cuchc, Cours de lgislation ouvrire, Paris, 1921; G. Gurvich, Lide du

droit social n Lxprience juridique et la philosophie du droit, Paris, 1935; C. K. Allen, Law and Making, Oxford, 1939; T}. Tacnh, Yaoy y Qpaaue uayne, beorpan, 1941; G. Lyon-Cean, Droit ouvrire, 1951; K. W. Wcdderburn, The Worker and the Law, 1971; K. Schweingruber, Das Arbeitsrecht der Schweiz, Zrich, 1951; C. Rachlin, Labor Law, New York, 1956; J. Rivero, J. Savatier, Droit du Travail, Paris, 1956.

b /Hitnu,.mm.

----------------; HP# *' W * m > HU ,THMe ce join)" noK ' c ' KO|1 cre pas##'#' # h|mkm m '

^ /(a M,y /)a r*npaaa aa iteroti alia,e, ycioBo/a pa ; KaBe. Anu, xaAa xpe6a a* ce ofijacim o Kaicaoj je uyrunuM ujn pen , 11(,mu, ayxoHOMwja 6e3 AP a^Be ry6n cBoj w3Bopitu cmmcao n anaoaj, Gume je rw t e wy xohomhhm Ha3MBajy caMO OHM o6hmi^ m iipaiia KojM Rana aut unn nahuny utjtyt, hmhkmx CBojcxaBa ca ApaKaBe m ApaxaBHa opraHM3ai^ Mja y nonexicy unje 6waa toamko |)a:mnjena a mo- rna Ha opraHM30BaH m cxanaH Hannn Aa 3aiKaBna Baacx hccto upeyaiiMana n KOAO(|>nKOua na ApymxBeHe HopMe Koje cy Beh nocxoja/ie (o^.mjF.e, Mopaane, peanrojcKc MXA.). Owa Mxje nPM3HaBaaa i

3. Ilpoiuiipeim u cy>Kciui nojaM ay tomom nor npaiia

llpomupcuu uojaM aviuonoMHOi uptuui. Uanc/icua aajcAiniMKa cnojcma y iicioj Mcpii iipiicvina y upaiiv. Hckc npamic uopMe pacno;ia>Ky cmiM hum 3aje;imiMKiiM CBojcriniMa, a apvrc ne. Ilpnc uopMe cy noTnyne, a npy,e noinvHc. To Ba>Kii Kano 3a uop.Me ^pnoBHor, Tano n 3a uop.Me ayTouoMiioj n ,a sa. lllTanmuc, uop.Me AP'/Kamior npaBa ,,hc Mopajy y jcanaKoj Mcpn noKa3miaT CBa Ta cBojcTBa, Kao iiito ii iieKe ayTOHOMiie uopMe Koje cc naaiinajy upaiio Moiy /ja HMajy tck neKa oa thx CBojcTaBa, a neKC 1mk u y nymijoj Mepn McroiJ( one Koje cnaAajy y AP>KaBiio upaBo.113 114 Ha ocuony penenor Mo>Ke ce 3aK/i,yKaBiior n ayTono.Mnor npaBa.

llouiuyuo gpwaetw upaao ,,o6yxBaTa caMO uopMe Koje HMajy CBa cnojcma npaBa, iiito je c/iynaj ii ca uoumyuuM ayuiotiOMHUM upaooM. HajoMiir/ie/uinja pa3/niKa n3Mel)y 0Be ABe BpcTe npaBa nocTojn y noraeAy cy6jeKaTa Koju nx CTBapajy, aok Apyre pa3AHKe He Mopajy yBeK Aa 6yAy tbko biiaho it3pa/Kene.

nocTojn m HciioiuuyHO gpMaeno Cipaeo, Koje caAp>Kii uop.Me Koje ncMajy CBa Ta CBojcTBa, aan HMajy 6ap BehnHy oa h>hx. 36or Tora ce ny>KHo nocraiia.a niiTaibe Aa ah oho Mopa Aa HMa AP^ caBHy caHKnujy. ByAyhn Aa o6e cirryanuje Mory Aa ce cycpeTHy, npoH3aa3M Aa nocToje ABe BpcTe nenoTiiyuor AP>KaBHor npaBa. flpBy BpcTy hhhh aPAObho npaBO Koje caAp>KH Behmiy 3ajcAmtHKnx CBojcTaBa, Mel)y KojiiMa je u ApaKaBiio upauo Koje pacrioaa>Ke BehimoM 3ajeAHHiiKiix CBojcTaBa, Mef)y KojiiMa mije Ap^ auiia canKmija.

3a npBy BpcTy HenoTnyHor Apa^ aB hot npaBa ini to He MO>Ke pehu. MnaK, npaBO no3Haje HopMe 6e3 caiiKiuija (leges imperfectae), Kao mTo je cnynaj ca ycTaBHMM HanenHMa o npaBy rpatjana na pan, HenoBpeAHBocT npiiBaTHOCTH, 3amhyHHBaH>e yroBopa y Ao6poj Bepu hta- By- Ayhn Aa TaKBe AP a^BHe Hopwe He caAp>Ke OApeA6e o Hemijoj o6aBe3ii Aa npaBHO ocnrypa canKunjaMa, hhtii Aa caHKijMje 6yAy H3BpmeHe, Ty je npe pel0 npHBMAy npaBa hah 6apeM HeneM nonyT ronor npaBa (nudum ius).

Cbc peneno Ba>KH h 3a nefwiuuym aytuonoMuo iipaeo, Koje TaKobe Pac|^ na>Ke BehunoM 3ajeAHMHKnx o6ene>Kja npaBa ca apaobhom canKHMjoM 11/111

113 V. Hazlitt, The Plain Speaker (1826): If mankind had wished for what is right, the) ring*1 long ago.

114 P. JlyKnh, ctp. 31.

H>e. Ha ocHOBy Tora nocroje u gae npcfue ayionoMuot upitna, Mana; tunpninno" unu HenoTnyno ayronoMno npano u nc/tonp/ncno' aytouoiAtt u pa no,

HaBe^ eHa pa3/iMit

AyttOHOMHo QPaBo

u 'ivtoiiomiio npaDO Mory Aa ce paaBpcxajy h npewa CTeneHy "O h ..y .ou ( l m liajcTpo* e no-rnyHO flp*aBo npaso. 3 a 4

cnojc iipaii r ,, o H i icpajy ce uanaae HeflOupuieHO AP*aBHo h ayT0H0M0; : C C . OK^BM roe- m je cny*}**, jep ce a Taj mhmh * mho noWuiaBa pa ,o. laKiu c J ,im^r 3Ha

53OcHoeHa u oiutua anawa o aytoHOMHOM paey

caMO jeflaH, a He jeAMHM H3Bop npaBa. flpyrn iyiaBHM M3Bop npaBa je flpyuiTBo ca cbojmm flpyuiTBeHHM CHaraMa. ripaBo, Aax/ie, MMa BMiue M3Bopa, 3or nera je caMO flenwMMHHo flp>KaBHo. flo Tora Ao/ia3M 3or npoMeHa y flpyniTBy, y KOMe ce Be3a flpjKaBa-nojeflMHaij npeopa>xaBa y Be3y flp^caBa-flpyniTBO- nojeAMHaq .,2U

HaBefleHM nojMOBM Ap*aBHor h ayTOHOMHor npaBa y npomnpeHOM n cy- >KeHOM 3HaneH>y Mory Aa ce xopncTe y mcto BpeMe a Aa to He 6yAe npoTMBpen- H. To je Moryhe jep ohm HHcy cyuiTHHCKM pa37iMHMTM. Mctm mm je poAHM nojaM {genus proximum), jep je yBex pen o npaBMJMMa ibyncxor noHamaiba. CaMO je o6mm ocoeHe pa3/inxe (differentia specified) Apyrannje OApejeH. Y c/iynajy npoiimpeHor OApe)MBaH>a AP^ KaBHor m ayTOHOMHor npaBa, to cy cBa 3ajeAHM4Ka oenoxja npaBa m/im apeM H>nxoBa BehnHa, a y cnynajy cyxceHor 0Apet)nBaH>a caMO jeAHO, HajyoH/bMBMje npaBHO oe/ieacje: AP>*aBHa caHxijMja. TaKaB npMCTyn je KopHCTaH axo ce MMa Ha yMy Aa nojaM npaBa y npaBHoj Te- opnjM Mopa Aa 6yAe ynoTpe6n>MBa m AenoTBopaH.120 121

4 . Oeneacja ayTOHOMHor npaBa

AyTOHOMHO npaBO pacnonajxe pojHMM oenexcjnMa. HapoMMTO cy BaxeroBa ocHOBHa oene^cja {differentia specified), Koja npoM3na3e M3 H>eroBe ac- MOKpaTCKe, ApyuiTBeHe m npaBHe y/iore, Koja ayTOHOMHO npaBO npnxa3yje Kao npaBO MHTerpanMje, capaAH>e m KoopAMHaijHje, M3Bop npaBHor nnypanM3Ma, noKpeTana npaBHe eBonyiiMje, HMHnoija noBe3MBaHa ApyniTBeHMX xonexTM- BMTeTa m cpeACTBO 3a npaBHO opraHM30BaH>e ApymTBeHor acMBOTa, orpaHM- HasaH>e CBeMohn AP^aBe m ycnocTaB/ban>e jeAHaKocTM ayTOHOMHMx npaBHMx cyjexaTa.

HaBeAeHa oenejxja ayTOHOMHor npaBa npBM je y npaBHoj Teopnjn OApe- Amo )Kop5X TypBMH. HberoBa AeeM 3ajeAHMne H/iaHOBa), ocho H>eroBe o6aBe3He CM/ie {yoxeupaeawe cou,ujanHot paea og ciupane ucte yKyHociu xojy unmeipume), ojext {ypetjueawe ynympauwe Mueoia yKyHociu), yHyipaimta cipyKiypa oAroBapajyher npaBHor OAHOca (gupeKiHO yneuihe yicynHocTH neogeojeue og ceojux nnano- ea), cno/bHa MaHuf>edamjau (coiinjaiiHa Moh xoja Hopuanno nuje ee3ana sa espesepeny oipanuHenocm), peanu3au,uja y opraHnaaiinjaMa {pegnoem HeopiaHU3oeano paea nag opianusoeanuM paeoM, xoje He A03Bo^aBa Hexe Apyre M3pa3e ceM yApy*MBaH,a Ha capaAftM m era/iMTapHMM TeHAeHqnjaMa) m cyjeKi KOMe ce opaha opraHM30BaHO coi*Mja;iHO npaBo {KOMnexcno Konex- uho nuufi). HaBeAeHa oenexcja HMHe jeAMHCTBO xoje ce orneAa y untueipa- Huju xao AeHTpa/iHoj xapaxTepncTHijn coijnja;iHor npaBa.122

120 L Dueuit LEtat, le droit objectif et la loi positive, l, Paris 1901, erp. 30. Bnfler*: V. der Berg, Le pluralisme juridique en droit romain, Pluralisme juridique, Bruxalles, 1972, erp. 90-91 h flan,e.

121 A. Poe, npaoo u paega, cip. 57. iA- r RvKanwHOBMn, M3op uieKCUioea U3 uieopuje

4. 3aBiicH0 u He3aBMCH0 ayTOHOMHO npaBO

Ilo/je/ia ay ronoMHor npaBa Ha 3aBHCHO n He3aBiiCHO 3acHOBaHa je na npe&. aac'iM caijpeMCHor /^ p>KaBHor npaBa uap ayTOHOMHHM. OHa ce Oflpet)yje iipeMa CTCiieny iiccaMOCTannocTn ayTOHOMHor ofl ap>KaBHor npaBa. )Kop>K rypmm je na ocnony xor Mepn/ia CTBOpno CBojy opnniHajmy Timo;iorjijy. Y iboj, nope^ ;tp>Kaiuior npaBa, nocTojn n Burne BpcTa coiMijanHor npaBa. IlpBO je coijnjanuo npano y mmctom m ne3aBncHOM 0flH0cy npeMa p,p>KaBM. Oho CBojy nuTerpa- THBny yaory ocrBapyje 6e3 oc/iOHu;a Ha np>KaBHy npimyfly (Met)yHapoRHo npa- bo, npKBCHO npaBO, npaBO pa3/iMMMTMX ckohomckmk rpvna utr.)* flpyro je co- unja/ino npaBO y mmctom m 3aBMCHOM 0flH0cy ofl np>KaBe. Oho je iiHTerpitcano y OKBMpy Ap>xaBHe opraHM3au;Mje m npejjCTaBTba npoTMBTe>Ky jjp>KaBHOM npany, Mano CBojy MHTerpaTMBHy y/iory ocTBapyje ocnoHijeM Ha flpcaBHy npimy^ y (cnnflMKa/iHo npaBO, TproBaMKO npaBO, npaBO npo4)ecnoHaaHiix opraHii3annja mt^ .). Tpehe je coijnja/iHo npaBO Kao npnflpyxceHO npyniTBeHO npaBO ii Aei\en- TpaaM30BaHa 06/iacT jaBHor npaBa (npaBO noKanHnx KOJieKTiiBHTeTa, fleijeii- Tpa/iM30BaHMX jaBHMX cny/K6n mth.).148

3aeucno ayiuoHOMHO upaeo nocTojn Kana ce ayTOHOMHe HopMe flOHOce no OBaanihen,y mtim y npMHyflHMM oKBMpMMa flp>KaBHnx HopMii, Kao h Kafla cy 3anoBecTM y ayTOHOMHMM npaBHMM HopMaMa nop;p^ KaHe npiiMeHOM j^ p>KaBne canKBMje. Ha ocHOBy Tora, pa3anKyjy ce npeHeTo m fliipeKTHBHO or ycaomio nynor m nyHor ayTOHOMHor npaBa.

ripenciuo unu genetupano aymoHOMno upaeo npeRcraBJba npe BpcTy Rp>Ka- BHOr ero ayTOHOMHor npaBa. Oho Huje ayTOHOMHO npaBO, M3y3eB no cy6jeK- TMMa, jep je yTPmaj RpacaBe totimko BejiMK Ra npnnMKOM iteroBor cTBapaiba TBopijM He pacnoaa>Ky HMKaKBOM ayTOHOMiijoM, na mbk hm MHMi^ MjaTiiBOM 3a flOHOineibe TaKBor ayTOHOMHor aKTa. IberoBM cy6jeKTM He Bprne CBojy ayTeu- TMHHy Haflaeaa HaR7ie)KHHX Rp>KaBiuix opraHa kojm Mory Ra Ka3He orhochc ayTOHOMHe opraHe KaRa He ROHecy neKU ayTOHOMHM aKT. TaKo^e, KaRa npoi e^He Ra je to u,enncxoRHO> m caMM Rp>KaBHU opraHM Mory CBojMM nponncMMa npaBHO Ra peryjinnry TaKBe caMO o^pMa/iHO

148 BMfleTu: G. Gurvich, CTp. 46-95.

(.Ym-VN- : - vx-v Crc- or

0?raKl! F ^ ^ K y L-.K** K SOHTfcV.i ^ H iV?. oho ?e rrr-e oozitx zeuehttazitso- ^Kor Koje nocroiit xaza zprxaBi soc^ r SKunya noezitKitx jas-Kitx ur e-^p* K 'Zi^ .xo.it *rvv i,t 112 ooesezit hbtctv xoHxpozv hh h-hxcshm pazoM l. ^ x^ oot^ nw-j. eiexrpoziicTpHyTHBKt citcrev.t. :xezesKitua. rrzezv- ^ha noceone navene irxz.). * '

..Lc-^ .-.o .*... -- c\-4.:;-so zx:ohoocso :p.:so np-ezcrazzz. avrenncHKy ?px~ry ayroHOMKor npasa. K>exo3a itspasHxa KeczMocrazKocx n sesaKOcr sa jpsasho irpaBO cacxoiz .e y TOMe nrro je iiKitmriaiHBi a\z\?h:o>r~;tx cvtvexa- ra 3a jOHOin^ &e k k^ot onurrer axra iccirpaBKa Tex xaza je noiBrzu " -exH

mi yonmro ju> iiopmipajy hckc ohhocc, kako he u k w he to a eHitio oiynaj ca yoioimo iyiuiM ayTOHOMHMM npaBOM). IlyHO ayTOHOMHo ripaB iioMopa na paciio;ia>KC mi MpwaBHOM caHKijnjoM. A u m , aKo pacno/ia>Ke flp>Kaij hom caiiKUujoM, ny Mory opraHH30BaHO fla npnMemyjy oahochm ayTOHoM|,H cyjoK'ni yMccTO flpHcaBe. Te caHKmije Matbe-BMine Mory a /inn Ha Ap*aBHe,fla tVyjiy CTpo>K-e ii/m 6/ia>Ke ht a. 36or Tora nyHO ayTOHOMHo npaBo cnaAa y BpcTy iicAonpiueiior ayTOHOMHor npaBa. KaAa ce H>MMe pery/mmy Man>e Bamin ynypa. muai oAHOCii, oho mimi aco T3B. yHyTpaiuH>er (MHTepHor) ayTOHOMHor npaBa.

1 Iyiio ayTOHOMHo npaBo HMje noTnyHO ayTOHOMHo npaBo, KaKBHM je y XIX neny pacrio/iarao uieij) npeAy3eha. Oho HMje hm npMBMA npaBa, Kano ce no- neieMy y 3H3tho Behoj Mepn nocToje o6e;ie>Kja ApyuiTBemix upamnia, 0110 unaK pacnonaxce HyxcHMM o6ene)KjMMa npaBHOcTn. flanne, oho jecTe npaBo, caMO neflOBpmeHO.

Hc3(Mucuo ayioHOMHO paeo nocTojw KaAa 3anoBecTM y ayTOHOMHMM iopMaMa cnooflHO CTBapajy pa3JiHUMTW flpyuiTBeHM (ayTOHOMHH) cyjeKTn. Ohm lia mctm h ohm h oflpel)yjy CBoje ayTOHOMHe caHKijnje npoTMB npeKpmn/ia- i\a. TummaH npMMep He3aBMCHor ayTOHOMHor npaBa npeflCTaBita rypBMneBo ApyiiiTneHO npaBo y hmctom m He3aBMCHOM nono^cajy y OAHOcy Ha flp>KaBy(droit social pur et indpendant), Koje ocTBapyje MHTerpaTMBHy cjiyHKnnjy y ApyiiiTBy 6 e 3 noflpuiKe ,,6e3ycnoBHe flp>KaBHe npnHyfle. Y H>era cna^ajy fleao- bm oMMajHor, npKBeHor, MejyHapoflHor mta. npaBa, Kao Hexa BpcTa hmctc Ma- HM(j)ecTanMje npaBHor nnypanM3Ma.

AyTOHOMHo npaBo je, ncTopnjcKM nocMaTpaHO, CBojMM HajBehnM fleaoM 6m;io 33BMCHO o# AP>KaBe. Oho je caMO noHeKafl 6 uno ,,(j)opMa;iHo m fleKiiapa- Topno 3aBMCHO npaBo, iiito ce M05Ke cMaTpaTM HajBehnM flOMamajeM y nonie- Ay iberoBor ocaMOCTaibMBaiba ofl flp c^aBHor npaBa. OinHHa cnTyannja nocTojw y caBpeMeHMM fleMOKpaTCKMM npyuiTBMMa, y KojnMa je ycnocTaBibeHa rnnpoKa Haflne>KHOCT caBpeMeHMX ayTOHOMHnx cyjexaTa. Ann, to joui He 3HauM a a je y tmm ApyuiTBMMa npeoBnaflano noTnyHO He3aBMCHo ayTOHOMHo npaBo. Rafla 6m to 6no c/iyuaj, Tafla BMiue He 6m nocrojana flp>xaBa ca CBojMM npaBOM, jep 6m najyTMpajHMja ayTOHOMHa opraHn3apnja ca cbojmm ayTOHOMHMM npaBOM npey3e/ia ynory flpxcaBe m H>eHor npaBa. Moe ce pehn fla 36or Tora noTnyHO ne3aBMCHO ayTOHOMHo npaBo npeflCTaBiba jeflaH contradictio in adiecto.

Iu 'iuu|h*m > H itpaiK nww npecTaBa>ajy BpcTe cpewko-ncKoimoi KopuoiniuuuiHoi aviiionoMiio u(nwoKiii.a ca p^yniM opvawMBaijwjaMa Ha ocHOBy H>nxoBor npaBa na caivioeraaiio pcry/mcaihe pa^uwx, j^ wci^ wnrtMHCKHX hjim TpxcMHiHMX OflHOca.

101 X, Xccr, Ihm

OcKQona u oiuuia 3Haioa o ayiuoHOMHOM paey 73

CpeA*b0BeK0BHM ecHa^ )n m rM/iAe CTBopeHH cy Kao npo(])ecMOHa/iHa yApy>KeH>a npwnaflHMKa MCTor 3aHMMaH>a Ha Mcroj TepMTopnjn. tbMxoBa yApy>Keiba cy npepacTa/ia y CHa>KHe caBe3e. Ha h,mx noAcehajy cTapwjM yroBopn EE3 kojm cynpeTXOAM/iM o6pa30BaHjy EY.

EcHa(J)M cy Hacra/m y BehwHH eBponcKHx 3eMan>a M3Me)y X m XI BeKa. KacHMje ce h>mxob poj m 3Hanaj noBehao, 3or nera je y BehuHM rpaAOBa npw- naflHOCT ecHacpMMa 6w/ia o6aBe3Ha. InaBHe y3poxe cTBapaH>y ecHacjia npeA- craB^a MoryhHOCT 6on,e saniTMTe oA cj)eyAa/iaHa, orpaHMHaBaibe Me^ ycoHe KOHKypeHijHje m CTBapaH>e noBOHMjMx yoioBa Ha Tpxomrry. CBaKH ecHacj) je MMao CBoja npaBuna (cTaTyTe) Koja je HJiaHCTBo Mopano Aa noniTyje. EcHacjjii cy MpaTiM m CBoje opraHe: M36opHor crapeiiiMHy, AexoBCKM cyA m CKymimi- Hy. IEmxob 3aAaTaK 6mo je Aa npeTpecajy m pemaBajy nponeMe M3 >KMBOTa h paAa yApy>KeH>a 1/1 HberoBMx nnaHOBa, a HapoHMTo Aa ce cTapajy o crporoM nouiTOBaH>y CBojnx CTaTyTa m Apyrnx npaBwna. EcHa(j)M cy noHeKaA 6mbh m BojHe opraHM3aijMje (XaH3a), aim h opraHM3aAMje 3a y3ajaMHy noMoh. Ilpn- naAHMAM ecHae-Bnme jeAHaKM, Aa 6m oA XIII Ao XV Bexa HacTane BenMKe mmobmhckc m cTaTycHe pa3/iMKe H3MeI)y nnaHOBa ecHac|)a mtim caMMX ecHa(j)a. To je AOBeno Ao npeTBapaiba Kanm y CTa/me HajaMHe paA- HMKe ko ju cy KacHMje nonenM Aa CTBapajy CBoja paAHMHKa yApyjKeH>a. KpajeM XIX BeKa ecHa^M cy ocHMBa/m 3aHaT/iMjcKe KOMope m c/imhhc caBe3e Kojn cy npeTene caAauiH>MX npnBpeAHMx KOMopa m nocnoAaBaHKMX yApy>xeH>a. TaxaB ApyuiTBeHM npeopaacaj HaBeo je Hajnpe CeH-CMMOHa (Claude-Henri de Saint- Simon) Aa 3KJby^m KaKO je y OpaHAycKoj H>eroBor Ao6a M3BeAeH npe/ia3 ca TpoKJiacHor Ha ABOK;iacHO ApyuiTBO, y KOMe cy HOBe niaBHe Kiiace rpatjaHCKa (bourgeois) m MHAycTpnjcKa (industriels), a KacHMje m njep->Ko3e(j)a IIpyAOHa Aa ycKTiHKHe: CBojMHa je Kpaja!162

M rnAAe npeACTaB7bajy KopnopaTMBHe opraHM3aAHje. To cy yApyjKefta Tp- roBaAa Koja cy y cpeAH>eM Bexy Hacrana 3or TeuiKMx ycnoBa npMBpet)MBaH>a (onacHOCTM Ha nyTeBMMa, HaMeTa, HenojanHe KOHKypeHAMje htA.). Hjhxob Amjb je 6mo Aa cbom H/iHCTBy npyace 3auiTMTy oA 4)eyAanaAa m yTHny Ha CTBapaite HOBOHMjMX ycAOBa Ha Tp>KMmTy. Tvmne cy AoHOCMne CBoje CTaTyTe m Apyra npaBMna KojMMa je ypd)MBaHa yHyTpamfta opraHM3aAMja, Kao m h>mxobm oAho- cm ca ApyrMM TproBaHKMM yApy>KeHjMMa. TproBanKe rM/iAe nojeAMHMX rpaAOBa necTO cy CTBapane caBese Aa 6m canyBane CBoje TproBaHKe noBnacrime. npoAM- paHbeM KaiIMTaTIMCTMHKMX poHO-HOBHaHMX 0AHOCa M CHaMCHMM pa3BOjeM Tpro- BMHe, rM7iAe ce oA XVI BeKa nocTeneHo race m HecTajy, a/in He cacBMM.

EcnacKO (i^ exoBCKo) npaBO m npaBO vvmm npeAcTaBajy KopnopaTMB- Ha, cxpvKOBHa npasa cpeflH>OBeKOBHHX aanarmja h rproBana. To cy npe CBera opraHHBauHOHa npaea KojHMa cy MaH>e peryancaHH cyKOH HHanoea, a Bme opraHH3apwja h o6e36eI)eH,e 3ajeflHMHKnx HHTepeca cTpyKe. h, h Kafla je ho na3HHO o cyKOa, sa h,hxobo pemaBafte nocioja cy noceHH cypoBH, caK- HHje, H3BPmeH,e npeMa oflpefteHOM nocTyimy ht. M oea npaBa ce npexeaHM

1840, Cration de l'Ordre, 1343, CoHr princip fdratif et de la ncesit de reconstituerjus,ice duns de la Rvolu,io JL ,a dusse ouedre, 1865.le parti de la Rvolution, Paris, 1863. h l. p r

AyflioiioMiio

ihn ann.njy in( MM I piillii lipanUM n(|m h i iw /1,11 im Ai nn,njnn,njn i'i

, TprouaMKO upitno

PnmojcM pol'ino non'iannx oAiioca n iitnpen.cM Tpacniura na lieiaiAauiibHx luipnoparnnnnx npana rcnaa n vv\n)\\/\ paannao ce T|M'onaliKo iipano Koje je nao miri no oraoii.cno na nopMc olin'iajnor npana.Ifl Ipronanico npano (ins iiii'Ktiloium) npivM ian/i

OcnooHti u ouuiiua 3Kawa o ayui0H0MH0M

' ___________ ___ _____________________ 75ooinaja sa npoMeT po6oM u yaiyraMa (v3aHce 3ahom, Ka4)OM, BoheM, noBpheM uru.). Hacrah- rTT P k^ T ^ om, raneHii- HOMHjoM BOTBe) koja je irpaKcoM II hckvctbom , r M CarnaC? 0nAy (ayT0'mfecHorTena (iproBa^KeKOMope). 0 He cv Tesm im ^^f n0TBp^eHa n 0BJia'Kao h 6imo Koju flpyni niicaHii

4. CwHflJiKajiHO npaBo

CtniAMKa/iHo u iioc/iOaBaHKo npaBo npeACTaB/i>ajy ae cpoAne, ami aa* cc6hc pcTc coiutja/iHor npaa. I-biiMa ce pery/uiine opramnamija paAiuiHKitx M iiocnoABaMKMx yApy>KeHa n caBeaa, oahocm 4/ianoBa ca cuojoM o p ra iu u a -

83 }, Rivero, J. Savatier, Droit du Travail, tip. 230.

84Ay*MHo6

OAHOCK i o p r a l a ^

noaoflOM pasa^ ^ noOTOflaBaHKe opraHMaamfje n a cra n e cy Kp ajeM x w

noneTKOM X IX aeKa y TaflauiH, ^ * 9 nu6op a * ^ ckhm flpacaBaMa (EnraecKa, C A ft a OMoryhWno ^ 3aK^>yHMBaH,e rpaHCKwx kojigktm bhhx y r o B o p a o pap,y. OMacoBTbaBaite qjh~ flHKaaHO opraHM30BaHor HiiaHCTBa oMoryfrmio je CTBapan>e jom cno^ceHBjnx cHHflMKaBHMx (jieflepaijMja u KOH(j)eflepaiJ(Mja. Thm je ojanaHa opraHM3ai^0Ha h 4>yHKu;MOHaBHa ayxoHOMwja cMH^MKaTa npeMa flp^caBM. OHa ce cacTojaaa y caMOCTanHOM opraHM30BaH>y, M36opy CMHflMKanHMX opraHa m o#;iyHMBaH>y y CMHflMKaTy, Tj. y cTBapan>y cMHflMKanHor (opraHM3ai^MOHor) nnypaBM3Ma Kao M3pa3a HOBe opraHM3au;MOHe ayTOHOMMje CHHflMKaTa.

ITopefl HMCTO paflHMHKMX, CTBapaHM cy M CMHflMKaTM 6e/IMX OKOBpaTHMKa" MTiM jaBHMx c7iyxc6eHMKa, HMMe je 3anoBena ,n;eij;eHTpa7iii3apMja CMHflMKaTa. H>n- xoBa ,n;azba yHyTpaum>a fleijeHTpa7iM3aijMja je hm>kpim CMH^MKanHMM opraHM3a- ijmohmm jeflMHimaMa flana MHoro Behy caMOCTaziHOCT npMTiMKOM nperoBapaifca m 3aK/byHMBaH>a noBOZbHMjMx K07ieKTMBHMx yroBopa y npe#y3ehy. HapoHMTo je niMpeH>e npaxce KoaeKTMBHor nperoBapaiba y npefly3ehy ce^aMfleceTnx u ocaMfleceTwx roflHHa npom/ior Bexa ffOBe/io #o pa3jep,mbaBaH>a cmiRHKanmr noKpeTa, ypacTaH,a cHH^MKaTa y MHCTMTypnje nopeTKa u no jaB e peKeibe, cMH^ MKaT pacnomMe op- raHM3aHMOHOM, (J)yHKIJMOHajIHOM M HOpMaTMBHOM ayTOHOMMjOM, KaKO je nOMe- HyTo.184 OpraHM3au,MOHa ayTOHOMnja cacTojH ce y moijIihoctm CMHflMKaTa fla caM o6pa3yje CBojy opraHM3aijMjy, fla B/iacTiiTMM nponncnMa ypet)yje yHyipa- imby opraHM3au,Mjy, BpuiM M36op CBojwx (J>yHKijMOHepa mt#. OyHKi n^oHaa- Ha ayTOHOMnja cacrojM ce y caMOCTa/iHOM HaHMHy pa^a CHHflmcaTa, BpnieH>y OApe e^HMx aKTMBHocTM M3 H>eroBe o6nacTM, caMocTaziHOM #oHomeH>y ofl/iyKa o fla>eM pa^y MTfl. HopMaTMBHa ayTOHOMMja, H3 Koje ce pa3Bnno cHHflHK&fl' ho npaBO, cacTojH ce y caMocTa/iHOM flOHoineH>y yHyTpaum>MX cMHflHKaziHMX onuiTnx anaTa (npe cbmx CTaTyTa cMH i^iKaTa) n yHecTBobaHy cHHffMKara y nperoBapaH>y u 3aKjbyHMBaiBy KoneKTHBHnx yroBopa o pa^y. CKyn cbmx tmx yHyTpauiH>nx m cnojbaiiiH>Mx npaBiina HopMaTMBHor u yroBopHor KapaKTep3 caHMH.aBa CMHflMKajiHO npaBO.

184 KoAeKUiUe yioeopu o pagy. Vuopegmo upaeo. Teopuja, upatcca, Beorpafl. 1990,

5. I lc;ioflaBaHKo npaBo

yiiopcil ca pnaitojeM cmiflitKaTa u cHHBHKaaHor m rti/K * 1 yupy^i"- ce o caauiH,Hx drenepaimi?, ' T " CV c,waiia'iKHX opraimaauHja K ypy>KeH,a. KapaKTeDH cLLKHJ>a Hacrane paH aa.mme n o c l , , , ? ' " ,pl,vlaaiw.ajy KOMope (rproBMHCKe, npitBpejme h hhdv* pe

AOK cy iioc/ioAaBAM y jaBHOM ceKTopy opraHMSOBaHM y noce6Ha AeHTpaAM30Ba- na yAPy>KeH,a. Ha npHMep, y IUBeflCKoj je m AP*aBa npeHCTaa/beHa Kao nocA0- AaBan y HaijMona/inoj areHijMjM 3a BnaAMHe nocnoflaBije.

Hoc/ioAaBaHKa yApy>KeH>a MMajy pa3BMjeHy yHyTpaum>y opraHMsamtjy, Ona je MOHa npeACTaBiba onniTa ceAHMu,a (cKyniirnt- Ha) nocnoAaBaija, aim OABynyjyhM yTMijaj y npaKCM MMa reHepaiiHM caBeT hjih M3BpillHM KOMMTeT. rioCTOJM M T3B. KOMMTeT CneiJMjaAMCTa , HMJM je 3aAaxaK Aa CBojiiM 3HaH>eM m bciiitmhom cnpenaBa noAene Mel)y nnaHOBMMa. yApy)KeH>a nocnoAaBai^a (jmHaHCMpajy ce m3 AonpMHOca CBojMX H/iaHOBa, ajiM nocToje u Apyrw 3aKOHHTM HanMHM (jiMHaHCMpaiba.

3aAaTaK nocnoAaBaHKMX yApy>Keiba cacTojw ce y npeACTaBA>an>y m KOopAH- HMcaiby aKTMBHOCTM nnaHOBa, npy>xaiby noApinxe m noMohM, MHtjiopMMcaiby u caBeTOBaH>y HTiaHCTBa mta. Ann, h>mxob HajBaacHMjM 3aAaTaK je Aa Kao yroBop- Ha CTpaHa ynecTByjy y kotickthbhom nperoBapaiby (npMTiMKOM 3ax;byHMBaiba KOTieKTMBHMx yroBopa o paAy) u peinaBaH>y koticktmbhmx paAHMX cnopoBa (Ao KojMx Mo>Ke Aa AoI)e iioboaom M3BpinaBaH>a oj^pej^aa kohckthbhhx yroBopa).

M nocnoAaBanKa yApy>Keiba pacnona)Ky opraHM3an;MOHOM, cJ)yHKi^ MOHan- HOM M HOpMaTMBHOM ayTOHOMMjOM. HopMaTMBHa ayTOHOMMja, M3 KOje ce pa3- bmao nocnoAaBaHKO npaBo, cacTojw ce y caMocTanHOM AOHomeH>y nocnoAaBan- kmx omuTMx axaTa, npe CBera cTaTyTa, Kao m ynecTBOBaiby y nperoBapan>y m 3aK^ yHMBaKby kojicktmbhmx yroBopa o paAy. nopeA tmx onniTMX axaTa, y noc- 7ioAaBaHKO npaBO cnaAajy m aKTM xoje aohocm meaBa nocnoAaBanKO npaBo.

CMHAMKa^HOM m noc/iOAaBaHKOM npaBy 3ajeAHMHKo je a a npeAMeT pery- jMcatba HMHe mctm oahocm y paAy m iioboaom paAa. 3aTO peahmmkm cmham- KaTM m nocnoAaBaHKa yApy^eiba npeACTaBibajy TMnMHHe KnacHe opraHM3ai(Mje CTBopeHe 3a 3awTMTy ckohomckmx m cou[Mja/iHMX MHTepeca paAHMKa, oahocho nocnoAaBaija. IIpeAMeT pery;iMcaH>a CMHAMKanHMM m nocnoAaBaHKMM npaBOM Mory Aa 6yAy m yHyTpamibM oahocm. 3ajeAHMHKM amn> perynncaiba CMHAMKa;i- Hor m nocnoAaBaHKor npaBa npeACTaBiba mmpho pemaBaite m pa3rpaHMnaBaibe cyKo6^>eHMX MHTepeca. Atim, m y H>MMa Mory Aa ce nojaBe cnopoBM, cyAoBM,CaHKAMje M OpraHM30BaHO M3BpnieH>e. To MX HMHM M3pa3MTO AMHaMMHHMM, Tj. >kmbmm BpcTaMa ayTOHOMHor npaBa paAa.

86_________________________________________ __________________