Chapter 7. Einar W. Palm. 1981. Estimated crop losses without the use of fungicides and nematicides and without nonchemical controls. Pages 139-158. . In: David Pimentel (editor). CRC Handbook of Pest Management in Agriculture. Volume 1, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 597 pages.

Keywords: Extent of the use of fungicides as compared to other pesticides, some examples of percentages of crop acres treated, of pesticide amounts used on crops, and on acres planted to specific crops, cotton, tobacco, corn, peanuts, rice, wheat, soybean, pasture hay and range, vegetables, potatoes, apples, citrus, estimated crop losses without the use of fungicides, impact of the withdrawal of fungicides and nematicides, sugar beets, lettuce, cole, carrots, tomatoes, sweet corn, onions, cucumbers, beans, cantaloupe, peas, sweet potatoes, sweet peppers, watermelon, asparagus, cherries, peaches, pears, prunes and plums, grapes, oranges, lemons, pecans, nuts, citrus, results of treating potato seed pieces for control of Fusarium decay in Virginia, impact of EBDC withdrawal on apple production, potential yield losses to late blight, estimated crop losses to nematodes in the United States, nematode control measures, fungicides and the number of applications each used by members of the Illinois quality apple club, impact of withdrawal of nematicides, regulatory actions concerning cancellation of DBCP nematicides, pesticide regulation, economic impacts of cancelling DBCP, impact of DBCP withdrawal on peach production, on soybean production, benefits analysis of DBCP withdrawal