Honors Marine Biology Review Guide for 2015 MID TERMUse this review guide to focus your studying. Start reviewing for the midterm as soon

as you can.Use your class notes, textbook notes, journals, and any other handouts you received in class. Circle any questions you are unsure of and bring them to the review or ask them

in class.

Introduction to Marine Biology Long Island Sound and Docks.1. Why the water in the ocean called seawater and not just saltwater?

2. What is salinity? What are the units? How does the salt get into the water? How much salt is in seawater? How do you figure it out?

3. How much salt would be required to create 500 mL at 40 PPT?

4. Using the diagram below label the following parts of a wave: WAVE CREST, WAVE TROUGH, AND WAVELENGTH. How do these factors affect the characteristics of waves?

5. Sketch the sun earth and moon in the following alignments. Predict the tidal range for each

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SPRING TIDE APOGEE SPRING TIDE PERIGEE NEAP TIDE PERIGEE NEAP TIDE APOGEE

6. Be able to read a read tide chart and answer questions

A. On what days will there be a SPRING TIDE?

B. On what days will there be a NEAP TIDE?

C. Mr. Awesome’s marine Biology class is going to Tod’s Point on Monday October 15th, arriving at 10:34 am. What will the tide be on this day?

D. At what two times will there be a HIGH TIDE on Wednesday October 31st.

7. What type of tides will result from the following lunar alignments? How do you know?

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1. How does a secchi disk work?

2. Identify the characteristics of an estuary.

3. Describe the formation of LIS.

4. What is hypoxia? and how does it occur? How is hypoxia measured?

5. In general, what are the abiotic (non-living) and biotic (living) factors that affect animals in an estuary?

Abiotic (Non-living) Biotic (Living)

6. What is the order of classification of all living things? The first letter is provided.

KP

C F

GS

7. Which of the above classification categories has the broadest collection of organisms?

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8. What is the difference between a sessile and motile organism?

9. How do sessile organisms populate new habitats?

10. What are the most abundant organisms in the dock community?

11. Know the phylum the following organisms

Organism PhylumAnemone & Jellyfish

Tunicates

Sea grape

Barnacle

Blue Mussel

****Know the important phylum’s, characteristics and examples of each.****

12. Name the attachment mechanism (how they stay attached) for the following organisms.

Organism Attachment mechanismSea Grape

Barnacle

Mussels

Seaweed

13. What is a filter feeder?

14. How do most invertebrates on the docks reproduce?

15. What is a hermaphrodite and why is it an advantage to sessile organisms?

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16. Know the different types of plankton – zooplankton and phytoplankton

17. What might cause phytoplankton to bloom?

18. Compare Poriferans and Cnidarians across categories like FEEDING, SYMMETRY, REPRODUCTION

Salt Marsh and Mudflat and Arthropods

1. Characteristics of the salt marsh. Important abiotic and biotic factors that affect organisms living in this habitat.

2. What physical factors create zonation patterns of plants in the salt marsh?

3. The value of salt marshes.

4. How do salt marsh plants deal with desiccation due to salt?

5. How do you tell the difference between Spartina patens, Spartina alterniflora?

6. What adaptations do salt marsh plants have to live in the salt marsh?

7. What is the function of the large claw in fiddler crab?

8. Why does the mud flat smell so bad – what is going on here and what gas is being produced?

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9. What is the importance of detritus?

10. Be able to interpret a diagram of a food web and a food chain.

a. What is the name of the organisms that are the first level of the food web?

b. How many types of prey does the whale eat? What about the seal?

C. Identify the producers, consumers (primary secondary etc) in the diagram above.

11. What are some characteristics of Phylum Arthropoda and examples that belong to this phylum?

12. What does arthropoda literally mean?

13. What is an exoskeleton? Why is it important?

14. How do you determine the gender of a crab?

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Whale

Seal

15. Why do crustaceans molt?

16. Why are chelipeds so important to crustaceans?

17. Know the general anatomy of arthropods.

18. What arthropod is a recent bio-invader and nuisance to Long Island Sound?

19. What are the characteristics of the major worm phyla, how do they feed, and local examples of each.

20. What are parapodia? What do they do for marine worms?

21. What is a proboscis? What marine worms have it and what it is used for?

Rocky Intertidal and Mollusks.

1. What are the characteristic of the rocky intertidal zone? What important abiotic and biotic factors that affect organisms living in this habitat?

2. What are the zones of the Rocky Intertidal. What are the characteristics of each zone and organisms and macroalage that lives there?

3. What are some adaptations organisms have for dealing with desiccation and wave action.

4. Why are seaweeds not considered true plants?

5. Why are macroalgae so common in rocky habitats?

6. What is an epiphyte?

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7. The 3 phylum’s of macroalgae.

8. How are macroalgae classified into phyla?

9. Macroalgae adaptations to resist desiccation and deter grazing.

10. Study the anatomy of a typical seaweed like Rockweed.

What is the function of?

Stipe

Blade

Holdfast

Air Bladder

11. What are three classes of Mollusks? Characteristics of each class and examplesName of Class Characteristics

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12. What is the purpose of the shell, mantle, radula, and muscular foot for each class?Class Body Plan Obtain Food Attach and/or Move

1

2

3

13. What is the function of the radula and operculum in gastropods?

14. How are shellfish regulated in Greenwich?

15. Describe the general anatomy of an oyster and squid. (ADDUCTOR MUSCLES, GILLS, MANTLE, SHELL, HINGE, LABIAL PALPS, FINS, FUNNEL, RADULA, ARMS, TENTACLES, INK SAC)

16. Why are oyster considered ecological engineers?

Rocky Intertidal and MollusksPage 9

1. What characteristics are shared by all echinoderms?

2. Identify the 5 major classes of echinoderms and give examples.

3. Describe the general anatomy of sea star, water vascular system (madreporite, ampullae, tube feet), and aboral and oral surfaces and ossicles.

4. What is a pedicellaria? What does it do for sea stars?

19. What is the purpose of the water vascular system?

20. What are the best and worst ways to control seastar populations?

21. Describe how a seastar eats a mussel.

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Comparing the HabitatsWhat are the abiotic and biotic factors that limit population growth of organisms in the following habitats?

Habitat Abiotic (non-living) Biotic (living)

Dock

Salt Marsh

Rocky Intertidal

Mud Flats

TIPS FOR THE MIDTEM:

How to prepare for a midterm:1. Get a good night’s sleep – You will feel better, be able to concentrate and pace

yourself during the exam better. Trust me –sleep is an essential part of doing well.

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2. Study each day – Break the course material into categories such as in the study guide. Study one category per night. Don’t wait until the last minute to study - you are not going to remember enough and you will be really stressed out.

3. Focus your studying – Spend more time on what you find difficult and now on what you already know.

4. Reduce stress – If you plan out your studying and get sleep, you can reduce your stress about the exam. The more stressed you are the less you will remember.

5. Get help – Form a study group, ask your teacher, or your parents to quiz you. Teach someone a concept or many concepts if you can teach it - you will remember it.

6. Take short study breaks – You can’t maintain your concentration for five hours in a row. Get some exercise, a healthy snack or say something nice to your parents.

How to take a midterm:1. Pace yourself – Make sure you have enough time to finish the exam. 2. Clarification – If a question confuses you, ask a teacher for clarification. This is not

an opportunity for you get an answer just to check if you understand the question.3. Multiple Choice Questions – the following tips are from testtakingtips.com

Read the question before you look at the answer. Come up with the answer in your head before looking at the possible answers, this

way the choices given on the test won't throw you off or trick you. Eliminate answers you know aren't right.

Read all the choices before choosing your answer.

Don't keep on changing your answer; usually your first choice is the right one, unless you misread the question.

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