Name:……………………………………………………

Grade……………………………………………………:

Aqida

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Basic introduction

Belief in Angles*

Belief in Jin*

Hadith

The first Hadith

"A true believer is not involved in taunting…

The second Hadith

"How wonderful is the case of a believer…

Manners

Kinship

Sirah

Abu Bakr AlSiddiq

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Belief in Angles*

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1 )Basic introduction

2 )The Nature of Angels

3) Can Angels be seen?

4) The Duties of Angels

5 )The Names and Roles of Some Angels

Belief in angles

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A Muslim should believe in all Allah's angels, whom He created to worship Him and whom He describes as "honored slaves.")Soorah 21:26)

The Nature of Angels

A’shah )ra) narrated that the Prophet )saws) said:

"Angels were created from light, jinn were created from smokeless fire, and Adam was created from that which has been described to

you )in the Qur’an and Sunnah)."

م : عن وسل عليه ه الل ى صل ه الل رسول قال قالت ، عائشة

وخلق ، نور من المالئكة "خلقت

لكم " : وصف مما آدم وخلق ، نار من مارج من الجان

We know several facts about angels from the Quran and Sunnah.

The angels are made of light. The angels are very large. They have wings, sometimes in pairs of two, three or four. They are extremely beautiful. They are neither male nor female. They can take on the form of humans. They do not have desires of their own, neither do they eat or

drink. We know this from their visit to Prophet Ibrahim as mentioned in the Quran.

Can Angels be seen?

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Prophets can see angels in their natural form. Al-Bukhari recorded that A’ishah narrated that the Prophet )pbuh) saw the Angel Jibreel )as) twice in his natural form. However, ordinary people )i.e. non-Prophets) cannot see them unless they )angels) take on a visible form. Angels can indeed take a material form, such as that of handsome man.

The Duties of Angels

Angels have various duties, with each having a well defined role.

Only Allah knows all the details and roles of all the angels

The Qur’an says:

"And there is not any among us, except that has a known position. And we are verily ranged in ranks )for prayer)

And we are indeed the ones who glorify Allah."

)Qur’an 37:164-166)

معلوم } و مقام له إ�ال نا م� ون { } 164ما اف الص لنحن �نا �نا { 165وإ وإ المسبحون (( لنحن

الصافات سورة

The Names and Roles of Some Angels

Only a few angels are mentioned in the Qur’an and the Sunnah, Others are mentioned either by specific names or by role or their general nature of serving and worshipping Allah.

Among those mentioned are:

  ** Jibreel - is the most distinguished of the angels, and is entrusted with carrying revelation to the Prophets. This includes bringing the Qur’an to Prophet Muhammad )saws), which is referred to in the following:

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"And it is surely the revelation of the Lord of the worlds. The trusted Spirit has brought it down to your heart, in order that

you might be one of the warners, in clear Arabic speech."

(Qur’an: 26:192-195)

العالمين ( رب لتنزيل ه األمين( (192وإن وح الر به (194نزل

المنذرين (193( من لتكون قلبك على

مبين عربي 195بلسان

  1** Mika’el - The one entrusted with the sustenance of creatures, and is also one of the most prominent angels.

2** The Recorders - These are two angels who accompany every human being and record his deeds. One of them stays on the right side and he records only good deeds. The other stays on the left side and records only bad deeds.

"And indeed, there are over you scribes, generous and recording. They know what you do."

(Qur’an: 82:10-12)

لحافظين ( عليكم كاتبين( (10وإن تفعلون( 11كراما ما يعلمون

االنفطار سورة

  3** The Guardians - They are angels who protect us from whatever evil Allah wills to save us from.

"For each (person) there are angels in succession in front of him and behind him, who guard him by Allah’s command."

(Qur’an 13:11)

ما ر يغي ال ه الل إن ه الل أمر من يحفظونه خلفه ومن يديه بين من معقبات لهلهم وما له مرد فال سوءا بقوم ه الل أراد وإذا بأنفسهم ما روا يغي ى حت بقوم

وال ( من دونه 11من

الرعد سورة

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The succession of angels is clarified in a Hadith narrated by Al-Bukhari and Muslim, which tells us that the angels of the day and the angels of the night succeed one another, meaning that they perform their duties in shifts.

At the time of Fajr )dawn) and Asr prayer, both the angels of the night and the angels of the day are present.

Then, the angels of the night ascend, and their Lord asks them, although he is the All-Knowing.

"How did you leave my servants?" They say, "We came to them while they were praying, and when we left while they were praying,"

The Fajr prayer, then, is of special blessing, and we should take great care to perform it on time, and to recite long portions of the Qur’an for:

"Indeed, the recitation of Fajr is witnessed"

(Qur’an 17:78)

مشهودا كان الفجر قرآن إن

األسراء سورة

4** The Angel of Death - He is entrusted with taking the souls of all creatures in the universe.

"Say: the Angel of Death, who is set over you, will take your souls, then you shall be brought to your lord."

(Qur’an: 32:11)

ترجعون كم رب إلى ثم بكم ل وك ذي ال الموت ملك يتوفاكم قل

السجدة سورة

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There are angels with him who torture the wrongdoers at the time of death:

"If only you could see, when the angels take the souls of those who disbelieve, the angels are beating their faces and

their backs."

(Qur’an l 8:50)

  5** Munkar and Nakeer - They are the two angels in charge of questioning people in their graves about their faith.

6** Ridwan and Malik - They watch over Heaven and Hell. The custodian of Heaven is called Ridwan, while that of Hell is named Malik.

There are angels who welcome the believers into heaven, greeting them with peace:

"And angels shall enter unto them from every gate saying: "salaam alaykum" (peace be upon you for that you

persevered in patience! Excellent indeed is the final home."

(Qur’an 13:23-24)

باب ( كل من عليهم يدخلون فنعم( 23والمالئكة صبرتم بما عليكم سالم الدار عقبى

الرعد سورة

7*Eight angels who carry the Arsh

"And the angels will be on its sides, and eight angels will that Day, bear the throne of your Lord above them."

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(Qur'an 69:17)

الحاقة سورة

Activity**

1 )What is the difference between Islam and Iman?

2 )What are the pillars of Islam?

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3 )What are the pillars of Iman?

4 )What is the nature of Angles? Explain your answer with evidence.

5 )What is the role of each of the following? Provide your answer with evidence if there is any .

*Jibreel * Mikael *the Recorders *the Guardians * the Angels of Death

*Munkar and Nakeer *Ridwan and Malik * The Eight angles

Belief in Jin *

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1 )Introduction

2 )The nature of Jin

3 )Their religion

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The nature of Jin The Jinn are beings created with free will, living on earth

in a world parallel to mankind. 

The Arabic word Jinn is from the verb ‘Janna’ which means to hide or conceal. 

Thus, they are physically invisible from man as their description suggests. 

As for their physical origin ,

A’shah )ra) narrated that the Prophet )saws) said:

"Angels were created from light, jinn were created from smokeless fire, and Adam was created from that which has been described to

you )in the Qur’an and Sunnah)".

خلقت : : " م وسل عليه ه الل ى صل ه الل رسول قال قالت ، عائشة عنلكم وصف مما آدم وخلق ، نار من مارج من الجان وخلق ، نور من المالئكة

. "

God says:

“Indeed We created man from dried clay of black smooth mud.  And We created the Jinn before that from the smokeless flame of

fire”

) Quran 15:26-27)

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الحجر سورة

Thus the Jinn were created before man. 

*In many aspects of their world, the Jinn are very similar to us.  They eat and drink, they marry, have children and they die.

  *Like us, they will also be subject to a Final Reckoning by God the Most High.  They will be present with mankind on the Day of

Judgment .

* Like humans, they too are required to worship God and follow Islam.  Their purpose in life is exactly the same as ours, as God says:

“I did not create the Jinn and mankind except to worship Me ”.

)Quran 51:56)

ل�يعبدون� إ�ال واإل�نس ن الج� خلقت وما

الذاريات سورة

Their religion Jinns can thus be Muslims or non-Muslims.  However, due to their fiery nature the majority of them are non-Muslims.  All these non-Muslim Jinns form a part of the army of the most famous Jinn, Satan.  Consequently, these disbelieving Jinns are also called

devils. 

Jinns also become Muslims, as they did in the time of the Prophet when a group of them were amazed by the recitation of the Quran.  God orders the Prophet to tell the people of this event:

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“Say )O’ Muhammed): It has been revealed to me that a group of Jinn listened and said; ‘Indeed we have heard a marvelous Quran.  It guides unto righteousness so we have believed in it, and we will

never make partners with our lord”.’

)Quran 72:1-2)

How to be protected from Jin

Because the Jinn can see us while we cannot see them, the Prophet Muhammad taught us many ways to protect ourselves from their harm, such as seeking refuge in Allah )God) from the accursed Satan, reciting chapters 113 and 114 of the Holy Quran, and reciting the words taught by God in the Quran:

“Say: ‘My Lord! I seek refuge with You from the whisperings (suggestions) of Satan (devils). And I seek refuge with You,

my Lord, lest they may attend (or come near) me.’”

(Quran 23:97-98)

Saying Bismillah (in the Name of Allah (God)) before entering one’s home, before eating or drinking, and before having intercourse will also keep Satan away from you.

Similarly, mentioning the name of Allah before entering the toilet or taking off one’s clothes will prevent the Jinn from seeing a person’s private parts or harming him.

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Also the Prophet Muhammad said:

“Do not make your houses like graves, for Satan runs away from a house in which al-Baqarah chapter [chapter 2] is

recited.”(Narrated by Saheeh Muslim)

تجعلوا : " ال قال أنه وسلم عليه الله صلى عنه حسن بسند الترمذي في , يدخله ال البقرة سورة فيه تقرأ الذي البيت فإن قبورا بيوتكم

"الشيطان

A true Muslim should not fear Satan or the Jinn, because Islam taught us about them and how to get protection from their harm.

A ctivity 1 (What is the meaning of the word (Jin)?

2 . Fill the gaps

1) Angels were created from ……, jinn were created from………

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2 )Jinn are very similar to the human beings.  They ……and ………., they marry, have …….. and they ..………

3)“ I did not create the Jinn and mankind except to”..……

3 )Who was created first Jin or the human beings? Provide your answer with the evidence?

6 (How can anyone be protected from Jin?

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1. The first Hadith

"A true believer is not involved in taunting…

2. The second Hadith

"How wonderful is the case of a believer…

The first Hadith

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Do you want to know some Muslim morals to be blessed by Allah ?

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الله : : رسول قال قال مسعود ابن وعنوال » ، الفاح�ش� وال ، اللعان� وال ، بالطعان� ن المؤم� ليس

«� البذ�ي

Ibn Mas'ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "A true believer is not involved in

taunting, or frequently cursing (others) or in indecency or abusing".

Explanation of the first Hadith

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This Hadith tells us the virtues of a Mu'min )true Muslim) one should avoid the following bad traits:

Taunting here means to disgrace someone with reference to his lineage or by means of backbiting and slander.

La`in is a person who is given to frequently cursing others, reproaching and using abusive language.

)Fahish) is one who commits through word or practice immodesty.

Badhiy is a person with a loose tongue. This word is also used for an impudent and abusive person.

This Hadith strongly criticizes these vices.

The importance of this Hadith to know some vices and avoid them to be a true Muslim

Activity

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1 .What are the three categories of Prophet Muhammad's speeches?

2 .What is the importance of the prophet's traditions?

3 (What is the meaning of the following?

1 )Taunting

2 )Cursing

3 )Indecency

4 )Abusing

4 (What are the benefits of this Hadith ?

5) Explain this Hadith in your own words?

The Second Hadith

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قال عنه الله رضي سنان بن صهيب يحيى أبي وعنسلم و عليه الله صلى الله رسول قال

ألمر خي عجبا له كله أمره إن ألحد المؤمن ذلك وليس ر وإن : له خيرا فكان شكر سراء أصابته إن للمؤمن إال

له خيرا فكان صبر ضراء أصابته

Abu Yahya Suhaib bin Sinan (May Allah be pleased with him) reported that: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "How wonderful is the case of a believer; there is good for him in everything and this applies only to a believer. If prosperity attends him, he expresses gratitude to Allah and that is good for him; and if adversity befalls him, he endures it patiently and that is better for him". [Muslim]

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A Muslim is required to behave in poverty and prosperity, affluence and hardship, in the manner stated in this Hadith.

It means that to forget Allah in prosperity, rather than being thankful to Him for His Favour is defiance of His Orders.

Similarly, it is unbecoming of a Muslim that in troubles and turmoil, rather being patient, tends to weeping and crying, grousing and grieving against the Will of Allah.

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Activity

1 )Explain this Hadith in your own words?

2 )What should the Muslim do in his hardest situations?

3 )What are the benefits of this Hadith?

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KinshipIntroduction

The results of kinship

Allaah warns us against severing ties

In order to cure this dangerous problem

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Introduction

The righteousness and uprightness of the family is the gateway towards a safe and secure community, and maintaining ties with kinfolks is the way to the preservation of the Muslim nation

Islam calls for maintaining ties with kinfolks due to the great effect it has on establishing strong social bonds, as well as for the love and cooperation that results from maintaining it.

*Such ties include relationships between spouses, parents and children, relatives, and in-laws. All these form the community, collections of which form the Muslim nation.

* The results of kinship would be :

1) Love will spread

2) Bonds strengthened 3) Noble characters developed

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Which is what will produce dignified future generations Allaah Says what means:

“O Mankind! Fear your Lord, who created you from one soul and created from it its mate and dispersed from both of them many men and women. And fear Allaah, through whom you ask one another, and the wombs. Indeed Allaah is ever, over you, an Observer.”

[Quran 4:1] This verse is evidence that maintaining ties with kinfolks is obligatory.

النساء سورة

Furthermore, Allaah warns us against severing ties with kinfolks by saying what means:

“But those who break the covenant of Allaah after contracting it and sever that which Allaah has ordered to be joined and spread corruption on earth – for them is the curse, and they will have the worst abode.”[Quran 13: 25]

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الرعد سورة

Anas narrated that the Prophet said: “He who desires ample provisions and for his life be prolonged should maintain good ties with his blood relations.” [Al-Bukhaari & Muslim]

البخاري ( قال( 2557ومسلم( (2067روى عنه ه الل رضي مالك بن أنس عن : ) : له يبسط أن ه سر من يقول م وسل عليه ه الل صلى ه الل رسول سمعت

رحمه فليصل أثره في له ينسأ أو رزقه في

 In order to cure this dangerous problem , the following must be done: 

·        We must have at least the minimum required level of piety and consciousness of Allaah, and be aware that the one who severs such ties is cursed by Allaah.

·        We must remember the great reward for those who maintain good ties of kinship, even )and especially) if our relatives sever ties and desert us

·        We must give our relatives the benefit of the doubt, think well of them, and avoid giving an ear to evil people who try to ruin our relationships with our relatives.

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·        We must overlook their mistakes and try to justify them in a positive manner.

‘Abur-Rahmaan bin ‘Awf was one of the most generous people of his time; his wife once said to him: “I have never seen more evil a people than your relatives; when you are well off, they visit you regularly, but when your financial condition deteriorates, they abandon you.”

Upon hearing this, he said:

“This is due to their benevolence; they visit us when we can afford to be hospitable to them and give us respite when they realize that we are not in our best condition.”

Note how excellently he thought of them, to the point that he even made their evil actions seem like noble traits.

·        We must have regular gatherings and visitations with our relatives, in which we invite people of knowledge to remind and admonish them.

·        We should open bank accounts in which to deposit a monthly amount of money which we can spend on poor relatives.

We warn those members of the family who are influential not to use their authority against their relatives in order to oppress them and deprive them from their rights.

We should never ever wrong our relatives or deprive them from their rights, because, as the wise saying goes:  Finally, the only ones who rejoice at our severing ties of kinship are our enemies - so beware.

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Activity

1 (The results of kinship are:

A)

B)

C)

2 (Explain the following sentence by giving the evidence?

Allah warns us against severing ties with kinfolks""

3 (How can one develop his relationship with his kinfolks? Provide your answer with 4 examples ?

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Abu Bakr AlSiddiq may Allah be pleased with him

Starting life

No one has been a better companion to me than Abu Bakr," said the holy Prophet in his last sermon .

Abu Bakr was two years younger than the Prophet. His parents named him Abdul Kaaba, which means the servant of

the Kaaba. When he became a Muslim, the Prophet changed his pagan name to Abdullah.In early youth he had adopted the surname of Abu Bakr.

The name of Abu Bakr's father was Uthman, but he was known as Abu Qahafa.

Salma was Abu Bakr's mother. She was also known as Umm-ul-Khair

Abu Bakr belonged to a branch of the Quraish .

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His traits

From early years, Abu Bakr was known for good and upright nature .He was honest and truthful .These things won him respect among the people .

His goodness also won him the friendship of young Muhammad )Peace be Upon him) .The two became fast friends in early boyhood .

When he grew up, Abu Bakr became a rich merchant. But he used to be very kind-hearted. When he saw someone in trouble, his

heart melted. He did his best to help him .

Service to the Prophet

He was the first among men to believe in the Prophet's mission. He was the first adult male to accept Islam.

After the first revelation, the holy Prophet told him what had happened at Mount Hira .

He told him that Allah had made him His Messenger. Abu Bakr did not stop to think. He at once became a Muslim. Once the holy Prophet himself remarked,

" I called people to Islam. Everybody thought over it, at least for a while. But this was not the case with Abu Bakr. The moment I put

Islam before him, he accepted it without any hesitation".

Abu Bakr did more than that. As soon as he became a Muslim, he began to preach Islam to others .

He had many friends. The friends knew that Abu Bakr was sincere and truthful .

They knew he would never support a wrong cause.

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He called them to Islam and they became Muslims. Among them were men like Uthman, Zubair, Talha, Abdur Rahman bin Auf and Saad bin Waqqas. These men later became the pillars of Islam

Liberation of Slaves

Abu Bakr's wealth came to the rescue of many helpless Muslim slaves.

He bought them from their inhuman masters and set them free. Bilal, the Negro, was one of such slaves. Bilal afterwards became

the well-known "Muazzin" [one who gives the call for prayer] at the Prophet's Mosque .

The Title of "Siddiq "

In the tenth year of Prophet's mission, the Prophet had the Miraj of Ascension .

One night the angel Gabriel came with the word that Allah the Almighty wanted the holy Prophet to come all the way up to the

highest heaven. The holy Prophet undertook the journey .

In the morning, after the ascension had taken place, the holy Prophet talked to people about the Miraj. This drew the jeers of his

enemies .

"Do you know, Abu Bakr, what news your friend has for you in the morning?" said one of the jeers. "He says he was on the highest heaven last night, having a talk with Allah, the Almighty. Would you

believe it"?

"I would believe anything that the Messenger of Allah says," replied Abu Bakr

when the holy Prophet learnt of this, he at once said, "Abu Bakr is the `Siddiq'." `Siddiq' is a person so sincere of heart that doubts never mar his love.

Abu Bakr earned this title because of his faith was too strong to be shaken by anything.

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Migration to Medina

W hen the Meccans were intent on putting out, once and for all, the light of Islam, Allah commanded the holy Prophet to move to Medina.

In the burning heat of the midday sun, there was a knock at Abu Bakr's door. He ran to the door and found the Messenger of Allah standing outside. "I must leave for Medina tonight," said he.

"Will I also have the honor of going with you?" asked Abu Bakr eagerly.

"Of course," Set about getting things ready." Abu Bakr replied

It was Abu Bakr who made all the arrangements for the historic journey.

For three days he and the Prophet lay hidden in the Thaur cave .

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Abu Bakr's slave tended the flocks of goats near the cave all day and supplied them fresh milk for food .

His son, Abdullah, brought news about what the Meccans were doing.

The Meccans were searching for the holy Prophet like mad hounds.

Once they came right to the mouth of the cave. Abu Bakr grew pale with fright. He feared, not for himself, but for the Prophet.

However, the holy Prophet remained perfectly calm ."Do not fear," he said to Abu Bakr, "certainly Allah is with us".

Of all the companions, Abu Bakr had the honor of being with the Prophet during the most critical days of his life. Abu Bakr knew full well what this honor meant. And he did full justice to the trust put in him.

Participation in Battles

A bu Bakr took part in all the battles that the holy Prohpet had to fight .

All his life, he fought bravely under the banner of the Prophet. At Ohud and Hunain, some of the men showed weakness. They

forgot to do their duty. But Abu Bakr's faith never wavered. He always stood like a rock by the side of the Prophet.

Tabuk was the last expedition of the holy Prophet. He was keen to make it a great success. He asked people to help the expedition with whatever they could. This time Abu Bakr beat all past records. He took all his money and household articles and heaped them at the Prophet's feet.

"Have you left back anything for your wife and children?" asked the holy Prophet.

"Allah and His Apostle are enough for them," replied Abu Bakr

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calmly. Those standing around were stunned. It was impossible to outdo Abu Bakr in the field of service to Islam.

The holy Prophet felt much pleased at this answer. He made Abu Bakr the standard-bearer of the expedition.

Abu Bakr Elected Caliph A Critical Moment

News of the Prophet's death came as a stunning shock to everyone. He had been ill for some days, they all knew. But death

was unbelievable .

He took his stand in a corner of the courtyard and called out to the people. All eyes were turned towards him. Then he began his famous address:

"O people! If anyone among you worshipped Muhammad, let him know that Muhammad is dead. But those who worship Allah, let him know that He lives and will never die. Let all of us recall the words of the Qur'an. It says, `Muhammad is only a Messenger of Allah there have been Messengers before him. What then, will you turn back from Islam, if he dies or is

killed"?

These words of Abu Bakr worked magic. In no time the confusion was gone. The words of the Qur'an swept of all doubts from people's minds. They got ready to face facts.

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Activity

1 . Fill the gaps

A. Abu Bakr was ….. years younger than the Prophet.

B. The name of Abu Bakr's father was ……. and the name of Bakr's mother was.……

C. He was the ….. adult male to accept Islam.

D. Abu Bakr called some people to Islam among them were men like ……., ……, ……, …….and .……

2 .Clarify some of Abu Bakr's triats?

3 .Why is Abu Bak given the title of "Siddiq?"

4 .Explain the Migration of Abu Bakr to Medina?

5 .Explain Abu Bakr's role in the battle of Tabuk?

6 .After the death of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)

Abu Bakr addressed an important speech to people. Explain in your own words his speech ?

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Aqida

Belief in Allah's Messengers

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Hadith

1 )The first Hadith

2 )The second Hadith

Sirah

Umm Salamah bint Abu Umayyah

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 « ورسله . " قال وكتبه ومالئكته ه بالل تؤمن أن قال اإليمان عن فأخبرني

ه " وشر خيره بالقدر وتؤمن اآلخر «واليوم

 He )the inquirer) said: Inform me about Iman )faith). He )the

Prophet) replied: That you affirm your faith in Allah, in His angels, in His Books, in His Messengers, in the Day of Judgment, and you affirm your faith in the Divine Decree about good and evil. [Sahih

Muslim] Belief in the Messengers of Allah )swt) is known as the fourth pillar of Iman. To understand this topic correctly the following must be known. The Main aspects constituting this pillar  

1.      To believe in all the Prophets and Messengers mentioned in the Qur'an and Sunnah 2.      To believe they carry the truth3.      To believe the Prophets and Messengers are free from distorting the message4.      To believe we must obey them by the Will of Allah

 1. Belief in all of those Prophets and Messengers mentioned in the Qur'an and Sunnah  Terminology  

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Nabi means Prophet from the Arabic verb Naba ) elevated)

Nabuwa means Prophethood and is defined as “A report from Allah )swt) to whomever he chooses as a Prophet”

Anbiya/Ambiya  means Prophets Rasul means Messenger Risalah means Message in this case “What Allah )swt)

reveals to His Messenger from amongst His servants.

The definition of a Prophet: A Prophet is a person chosen by Allah )swt) to reveal to, and to convey to the people whilst referring back to the Shariah )Laws) of the previous Messenger. The definition of a Messenger:  A Messenger is a person chosen by Allah )swt) to reveal a message, which must be conveyed to the people.  This may contain a new Shariah.

 The List of Prophets mentioned in the Qur'an in the chronological order as sent to Mankind:  

Aadam (Adam)  آدم 

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Idrees (Enoch) ادريس Nuh (Noah) نوح Houd (Heber)  هود Saaleh (Shelah) صالح Ibraaheem (Abraham) ابراهيم Lout (Lot) لوط Ismaa �eel (Ishmael) اسماعيل Ishaaq (Isaac) اسحاق Ya �qoub (Jacob) يعقوبYousuf (Joseph) يوسفShu �aib (Jethro) شعيبMousa (Moses) موسىHaroun )Aaron)  هارونDaawoud (David) داوودSulaymaan (Solomon) سليمانAyoub (Job) أيوبIlyaas (Elijah) إلياسDhulkifl (Ezekiel) الكفل ذوAl-Yasa (Elisha)  اليسعYounus (Jonah) يونسZakariyaa (Zechariah) زكرياYahya (John) يحيىEesa (Jesus)  عيسىMuhammad محمد

An example of a verse whereby Allah )swt) mentions the prophets is,

 وإسحاق وإسماعيل إبراهيم على أنزل وما علينا أنزل وما بالله ا آمن قل ﴿

﴾ ن� م�و ل� س م� م ن� م� س� ن� ن� س� م� س� م� د� ن� ن�� ن� �س �ن �م م� ن م� ن! ل س� ل� �م #$ ن ل�� ن� م$�و ل% �$ ن ن��� نى �ل' ن� ن)ى م�و ن( ل* م��� ن�ا ن� ل, ن%ا س) ن�! ن��ل ن- م.و س/ ن0 ن�

Say (O Muhammad SAW): "We believe in Allah and in what has been sent down to us, and what was sent down to Ibrahim (Abraham), Isma'il (Ishmael), Ishaq (Isaac), Ya'qub (Jacob) and

Al-Asbat [the twelve sons of Ya'qub (Jacob)] and what was given to Musa (Moses), 'Isa (Jesus) and the Prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction between one another

among them and to Him (Allah) we have submitted (in Islam)." [Surah Aali Imran 3:84]

 

47

Although only 25 Prophets are mentioned by name in the Qur'an, a Hadith in the Musnad of Imam Ahmed mentions that there were 124,000 of them in total throughout history, also Allah )swt) says,

  ﴾ ا! م)ول ن$# د2 �$ ن م�� م3 م4 ل5( ن�ا س6 ن/ �ن س� ن. ن� ن� ﴿

And verily, We have sent among every Ummah (community, nation) a Messenger [Surah An-Nahl 16:36]

  ﴾ ن7 �س ن� ن' س8 م9 س. ن� س� �$ ن ن$�� م�� س� ل� ن� ن7 �س ن� ن' ن�ا س9 ن9 ن: ن$�� م�� س� ل� ن7 ل� س% ن: م�� ا>ا م) م# ن�ا س� ن) س# ن�� س� ن. ن� ن� ﴿

And, indeed We have sent Messengers before you (O Muhammad SAW); of some of them We have related to you

their story and of some We have not related to you their story [Surah Ghafir 40:78]

 2. To believe the Messengers carry the truth 

  ﴾ س� م= �$ ن ا�� �س ن< س� م�و ل� آا ن5 س� م= �م #$ ن ل�� م@ ن� س� ل�ا Aم م)و ن$� �� م� م4 نCاء س� ن: Dم $�ا ن �� ن�ا م0$ ن�� ن0ا ﴿

O mankind! Verily, there has come to you the Messenger (Muhammad SAW) with the truth from your Lord, so believe in

him, it is better for you. [Surah An-Nisa  4:170]  3. To believe that the Prophets and Messengers are free from distorting the message  This means to believe that Allah )swt) protects the Prophets from making any mistakes or error in transmitting what Allah )swt) intends via His revelation. The Prophets are infallible (Ma’soum) when it comes to this role.  Allah )swt) says, 

الهوى عن ينطق وما ﴿ ﴾

Nor does he speak of (his own) desire. [Surah An-Najm 53:3] Asserting that nothing the Prophet utters is from his own desire or wish.

  ﴾ ن�ى م0و ي( س� ن� $ل! ن �Fل نو Gم س� �Fل ﴿

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It is only an Inspiration that is inspired. [Surah An-Najm 53:4] Meaning he the Prophet )saw) only conveys to the people that which he is commanded, in its entirety without additions or deletions. 

  ﴾ د� �Hل ن' Iد سو ن0 ن- �Jن ن' )�م ن# Kم �س ن9 ن' س� �Fل Lم ن<ا ن�� م�( �Fل ن$( ن� �Fل ن�ى م0و ن�ا !$ ن ل�Fل Mم ل% *$ ن ن�� س� �Fل )ل س ن� ن.اء س� ل* ل�� م ن� م� �ن م�� س� ن�� ل�( م� م=و ن0 ن�ا س3 م: ﴿

"Say (O Muhammad SAW): "It is not for me to change it on my own accord; I only follow that which is revealed unto me.

Verily, I fear if I were to disobey my Lord, the torment of the Great Day (i.e. the Day of Resurrection)." [Surah Yunus 10:15] Meaning the Prophet )saw) has no authority to change the revelation in anyway, rather he is a servant who receives commands from his Lord. 4. To believe we must obey the Messengers by the Will of Allah (bi-idhnillah)  

الله بإذن ليطاع إال سول ر من أرسلنا وما ﴿ ﴾

We sent no Messenger, but to be obeyed by Allah �s Leave. [Surah An-Nisa 4:64]

 Meaning, that obeying the Prophets and Messengers was ordained for those people to whom they were sent. Allah's statement,

 ه الل بإذن

)By Allah's leave)  

Means, "None shall obey, except by My leave,'' according to Mujahid, and this Ayah indicates that the Prophets are only obeyed

in direct obedience to Allah )swt). Allah )swt) says, 

  ﴾ م�و� Nن ن5ا� م س� ن' س� م4 ن�ا ن� ن�ا ن� Oم �Jم Pم ن5 Aم م)و ن$� �� م� م4 ن*ا آ� ن�ا ن� ﴿

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And whatsoever the Messenger (Muhammad SAW) gives you, take it, and whatsoever he forbids you, abstain (from it),

[Surah Al-Hashr 59:7]  

*********************

Activity*What are the main aspects that constitute the pillar of

the belief in Allah's messengers?

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1)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2)……………………………………………………………………………..……………………………

3)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4)……………………………………………………………………………..……………………………

*Define each of the following terms:

Nabi……………………………………………………………………………

……………………………

Nabuwa……………………………………………………………………………

………………………

Anbiya/Ambiy

a……………………………………………………………………………..…………

Rasul……………………………………………………………………………

..…………………………

Risalah……………………………………………………………………………

.………………………

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*What is the difference between Prophet and Messenger?

Prophet means

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………......……………………………………………………………

Messenger means

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

*Prove the following with reference to the Holy Qur'an

1 )There are more than 25 Prophets but we do not know them.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………

2 )Our prophets carry the truth from Allah.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………

3 )Our prophets are free from distorting the message.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4 )We should obey our Prophet.

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……………………………………………………………………………..………………………………

53

The first Hadith

رضي هريره أبي رسول : اللهعن قال قال وسلم :اللهصلى اللهعنه عليه

أذن الصالحين لعبادي أعدت تعالى اللهقال وال رأت عين ال وال سمعتماقلب على خطر

بما جزاء أعين قرة من لهم أخفي ما نفس تعلم فال شئتم ما واقرؤ بشر” يعملون كانو

On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may ALLAH be pleased with him), who said that the Messenger of ALLAH (peace and blessings of ALLAH be upon him) said: "ALLAH said

'I have prepared for My righteous servants what no eye has seen and no ear has heard,

nor has it occurred to the human heart"'.Thus recite if you wish (1): "And no soul knows what joy for them (the inhabitants of Paradise) has been kept hidden (Qur'an Chapter 32 Verse 17)".

)1 )The words "Thus recite if you wish" are 54

those of Abu Hurayrah.

********

Explanation of the first Hadith

This Hadith shows us the differences between Paradise and the life of this world.

1 :The absence of those things which cause grief, pain and suffering in this life.

The reality of Paradise is something which people will never be able to understand until they actually enter it, but God has shown

us glimpses of it in the Quran .

He has described it as a place essentially different to the life of this world.

The Quran tells people about Paradise, which God offers to them, describes its great blessings, and proclaims its beauties to

everyone .

Informs people that Paradise is one of two ways of life prepared for them in the afterworld, and that every good thing will be theirs in

Paradise to the extent that surpasses our present ability to imagine.

It also shows that Paradise is a place where all blessings have been created perfectly and where people will be offered everything

their souls and hearts will desire, and that people will be far removed from want and need, anxiety or sadness, sorrow and

regret.

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God has promised the inhabitants of Paradise that they will have all that they imagined as far as wealth and belongings. God gives

us a glimpse of this when he says: ...“there will be there all that the souls could desire, all that the

eyes could delight in ”…

خالدون فيها وأنتم األعين وتلذ األنفس تشتهيه ما وفيهاالزخرف سورة

)Quran 43:71)

Disease and Deathanother cause of pain and suffering in this life is the death of a loved one or disease, which are both non-existent in Paradise. None will feel any sickness or pain in Paradise. The Prophet

Muhammad, may God praise him, said about

None will die in Paradise. All shall live eternally enjoy the pleasures therein.

The Prophet Muhammad said that a caller will call out in Paradise when people enter it:

“Indeed may you be healthy and never be sick again, may you live and never die again, may you be young and never grow feeble again, may you enjoy, and never feel sorrow and regret again.”

)Saheeh Muslim)

Social RelationshipsAs for the remorse felt due to a rift in personal relationships,

people will never hear any evil or hurting comments or speech in Paradise. They will only hear good words and words of peace.

God says:“They will not hear therein ill speech or commission of sin. But only

the saying of: Peace! Peace”!

تأثيما وال لغوا فيها يسمعون ال

56

سالما سالما قيال إال

الواقعة سورة

)Quran 56:25-26)

There will be no enmity between people nor ill-feelings:“And We shall remove from their breasts any )mutual) hatred or sense of injury )which they had, if at all, in the life of this world).”

)Quran 7:43)

ه لل الحمد وقالوا األنهار تحتهم من تجري غل من صدورهم في ما ونزعنابما أورثتموها ة الجن تلكم أن ونودوا بالحق نا رب رسل جاءت لقد ه الل هدانا أن لوال لنهتدي ا كن وما لهذا هدانا الذي

) سورةاالعراف ( كنتمتعملون

Summary

The description of the inhabitants of Paradise

1 )The hearts of the people of Paradise will be pure

2 )Their speech will be good

3 )Their deeds righteous .

4 )There will be no hurtful, upsetting, offensive or provocative talk there .

*********************

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Activity* Put right or wrong and correct the wrong of the

following :

1 )Paradise surpasses our present ability to imagine

) )

……………………………………………………………………………..……

2 )There will be poor people in Paradise) )

………………………………………………………………………………………

3 )There will be never sadness, sorrow and regret in Paradise ) )

…………………………………………………………………………….…………

*complete

1 )God has promised the inhabitants of Paradise that the

y……………………………………………………………………………

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……………………………………………………………………………………………………

The evidence

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………

*Prove with reference to the Holy Qur'an that people will never hear any evil or hurting comments or speech in Paradise?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………

* Fill the blanks

“Indeed may you be healthy and never be ………… again, may you live and never …………… again, may you be …………………and never grow feeble again, may you ………….., and never feel

sorrow and …………………again”.

*what is the description of the inhabitants of Paradise

1………………………………………………………)

2..……………………………………………………)

3..……………………………………………………)

4.……………………………………………………)

59

The second hadith

 

: رسول سمعت قال عنه الله رضي مالك بن أنس عن : تبارك - - الله قال يقول وسلم عليه الله صلى الله

لك: ( غفرت ورجوتني دعوتني ما إنك آدم ابن يا وتعالىذنوبك بلغت لو آدم ابن يا أبالي، وال فيك كان ما على

ابن يا أبالي، وال لك غفرت استغفرتني ثم السماء عنانال لقيتني ثم خطايا األرض بقراب أتيتني لو إنك آدم

( مغفرة بقرابها ألتيتك شيئا بي تشرك

Anas (radhiallahu anhu) said that he heard the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam)

say:

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“Allah the Exalted said: “O son of Adam! As long as you invoke Me and plead to Me, I will forgive you whatever you have committed,

and I will not make much of it. O son of Adam! If your evil deeds reach the borders of the sky, and then you ask Me for forgiveness, I will forgive you. O son of Adam! If you bring forth the earth full of errors, then you meet Me while you do not associate anything (or

anyone) with Me, I will bring forth for you its full of forgiveness.” [At-Tirmidhee (Shaikh

Albanee rendered it as Hasan)]

Allah, the Exalted said: “O son of Adam!”

Adam is the father of mankind. He was an honorable Prophet whom Allah chose.

Allah mentioned Adam's story and his encounter with Shaitaan, and how Shaitaan whispered to Adam and lured him to disobey

Allah.

Shaitaan first came to Adam )alaihi as-salaam) using cunning and fake sincerity, saying to Adam and Eve, as mentioned in the

Qur'an: “Then Shaitaan whispered suggestions to them both in order to uncover that which was hidden from them of their private

parts; he said: “Your Lord did not forbid you this tree save you should become angels or become of the immortals.” And he (Shaitaan) swore by Allah to them both.” [Soorah al-A'raf )7):

20-21]

ما وقال سوآتهما من عنهما ووري ما لهما ليبدي يطان الش لهما فوسوسالخالدين من تكونا أو ملكين تكونا أن إال جرة الش هذه عن كما رب نهاكما

االعراف سورة

61

Such are the tools that Shaitaan misleads mankind and guides them away from Allah's Path.

Shaitaan depends on people's weaknesses until he directs them to fall into the disobedience of Allah.

When they fall in disobedience, Shaitaan says, as Allah stated: “And Shaitaan will say when the matter has been decided, “Verily,

Allah promised you a promise of truth. And I too promised you, but I betrayed you. I had no authority over you except

that I called you, so you responded to me. So blame me not, but blame yourselves.I cannot help you, nor can you help me.

I deny your former act in associating me (Shaitaan) as a partner with Allah (by obeying me in the life of the world).

Verily, there is a painful torment for the Thalimun (polytheist and wrong-doers, etc).” [Soorah Ibraheem )14): 22]

كم ووعدت الحق وعد وعدكم ه الل إن األمر قضي لما يطان الش وقال فال لي فاستجبتم دعوتكم أن إال سلطان من عليكم لي كان وما فأخلفتكم

بما كفرت ي إن بمصرخي أنتم وما بمصرخكم أنا ما أنفسكم ولوموا تلومونيأليم عذاب لهم الظالمين إن قبل من أشركتمون

This is what Shaitaan will do on the Day of Resurrection. Therefore, the slave should be aware of Shaitaan's deceiving ways. Allah mentioned the story of Adam and Shaitaan, which teaches that when a slave commits a sin, he should go back to

Allah in repentance, for He has a wide forgiveness, as the above mentioned Hadith demonstrates.

Adam and Eve went back to Allah in repentance, and Allah forgave them: “They said: “Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves. If You forgive us not, and bestow not upon us Your Mercy, we

shall certainly be of the losers.” [)7): 23]

الخاسرين من لنكونن وترحمنا لنا تغفر م ل وإن أنفسنا ظلمنا نا رب قاال

Achieving Allah's Forgiveness

Supplications - “As long as you invoke Me...

62

Du'aa in the Islamic Terminology means invoking and pleading to Allah seeking the Khayr )everything that is good) from Him and seeking to fulfill the various needs to reach the sought goals and

achievements.

Allah has commanded us to ask Him in supplication, He said in the Qur'an: “And your Lord said: 'Invoke Me, and I will respond to

your (Du'aa). Verily, those who scorn My worship (i.e. do not supplicate to Me and do not believe in My Oneness) they will

surely enter Hell in humiliation!” [)40): 60]

سيدخلون عبادتي عن يستكبرون ذين ال إن لكم أستجب ادعوني كم رب وقالداخرين م جهن

غافر سورة

Supplication is

An attentive heart that comprehends what he is saying and realizes Whom he is asking.

“…and plead to Me”

Pleading means, ask Allah’s forgiveness for one's sins and disobedience, hoping for Allah's Mercy along with abandoning

sins.

For example: when one falls into shortcomings, while having faith in Allah - he pleads to Allah to erase his mistakes.

Likewise, when one performs an act of obedience, he should hope for its acceptance and plead to Allah to accept it.

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Hopelessness in Allah's MercyAllah says: “And never give up hope of Allah's Mercy.

Certainly no one despairs of Allah's Mercy, except the people who disbelieve.” [Soorah Yusuf )12): 87]

ال ه إن ه الل وح ر من تيأسوا وال وأخيه يوسف من سوا فتحس اذهبوا بني ياالكافرون القوم إال ه الل وح ر من ييأس

Therefore, no slave of Allah should feel despair or hopeless in Allah's Mercy. Al-Istagfar Regardless of the Enormity of the

Mistakes

“O son of Adam! If your evil deeds reach the borders of the sky, and then you ask Me for forgiveness, I will forgive you”

Istagfar also entails asking Allah for His forgiveness and to cover the slave's mistakes, erase them and protect him or her from their

danger or bad consequences.

Allah commands Istagfar from His slaves in many of the Qur'aanic verses: He said: “And seek forgiveness of Allah. Verily, Allah is

Oft-Forgiving, Most-Merciful.” [Soorah Muzammil )73): 20]

حيم ر غفور ه الل إن ه الل واستغفروا

Hence, whenever the slave commits errors or sins, he is required to seek Allah's forgiveness for his mistake.

Combining Al-Istagfar and at-TawbahAt-Tawbah means choosing to abandon a sin that one has

actually committed, or which he has not yet committed, all for the sake of Allah. Hence, At-Tawbah entails abandoning sins; it is

frequently mentioned with Al-Istagfar.

Conditions of al-Tawbah

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1 - Abandoning the Sin

2 – Sincerity

3 - Returning the Rights of the Oppressed

If the sin is connected to other individuals, then he should return the wrong to its rightful owner if it is a material wrong, such as taking somebody's wealth or violating a right. However, if the wrong committed against someone is not material, such as

backbiting or tale-carrying then he should ask for his pardon, and if he is unable to, then he should seek forgiveness for him and make

Du'aa for him plentifully.

4 – Hastening

One should hasten in performing Tawbah, since repentance is accepted before one faces death.

One should also race towards righteous actions. Allah says: “And verily, I am indeed forgiving to him who repents, believes, and

does righteous deeds and then remains constant in doing them.” [Soorah Ta-Ha )20): 82]

5 - Regret and Remorse of the heart

Repentance should be with sincerity and Sincere Tawbah involves feeling sorrow in the heart )for the mistake), performing Istagfar

with the tongue, abandoning the sin, and firmly intending that it will not be repeated.”

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“O son of Adam! If you bring forth the earth full of errors, then you meet Me while you do no associate anything with

Me, I will bring forth for you its full of forgiveness.”

Allah has emphasized His Tawheed )Oneness) in this statement.

He has laid down the fundamental condition of Forgiveness

The meaning of Tawheed Allah

1) It is to believe in His Oneness2) Allah is the only One who creates and Commands without

any supporter3) He is the only one who deserves to be worshiped

4) To believe in Allah's Names and Attributes

A Warning Against SHIRK!

1. Shirk is the biggest injustice and disobedience to Allah

2. Allah does not forgive Shirk.

3. Allah has prohibited Paradise for those who associate partners with Him

4. Shirk is behind the rejection and invalidation of good deeds

Therefore, Tawheed is a condition for the acceptance of one's good deeds. Good Deeds are not accepted from the Mushriks.

Even giving aid to the religion and speaking the truth will not save one from the Fire, if he was a Mushrik.

For example,

Abu Talib, the uncle of Allah’ Messenger )sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam) - He aided the Prophet )sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam) and

defended him. He used to agree that Islam was the best of

66

religions. Yet this did not save him from the Fire! He will be in the shallow place in the Fire, with Fire reaching his ankles and causing

hid brain to boil.” [Saheeh Bukharee, v.1, no. 569]

Thus, the slave is required to be aware of associating partners or rivals with Allah, the Exalted and save himself from the Blazing

Fire of Hell through believing in His Oneness, asking forgiveness of Allah and hastening towards righteous deeds.

We can learn from this Hadith:

1) It reminds mankind that they are Adam's offspring

2) It also reminds them of Adam's mistake and his going back to Allah in repentance, and Allah forgiving him.

3) Furthermore, this hadith encourages mankind to seek Allah's forgiveness for their mistakes and errors.

4) …………………………………………………………………..

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5) ………………………………………………………………….

6) …………………………………………………………………

7) …………………………………………………………………

Activity

1) Fill the blanks

2) Shaitaan ………….. mankind and guides them ………………. Allah's Path.

3) Shaitaan depends on ……………. until he directs them to fall into the …………….. of Allah.

4) Adam and Eve went back to Allah in ………………….., and Allah …………………… them: “They said:

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2) Mention the verse from the holy Qur'n which clarifies what Shaitaan will do in the Day of Resurrection?

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

What is the meaning of the following?

Duaa

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

Supplication

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

Pleading

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

Tawbah

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

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3) Prove the following with reference to the Holy Qur'an:

1) No slave of Allah should feel despair or hopeless in Allah's Mercy.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2) Whenever the slave commits errors or sins, he is required to seek Allah's forgiveness for his mistakes.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4) What are the conditions of Tawbah?

......................................................................................................

......................................................................................................

......................................................................................................

......................................................................................................

......................................................................................................

......................................................................................................

...............................................

5) What is the meaning of Tawheed Allah?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

6) Why Tawheed Allah is a condition for the acceptance of one's good deeds?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7) "Even giving aid to the religion and speaking the truth will not save one from the Fire, if he was a Mushrik"

Give an example to prove that this above mentioned statement is right.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………

72

Umm Salama Hind bint Abi Umayya

73

Umm Salamah bint Abu Umayyah

74

Her real name was Hind bint Abu Umayyah who became famous by the name Umm Salamah. She was noble by birth, intelligent, learned, wise and skillful.

She was first married to 'Abdullah bin Makhzumi known as Abu Salamah.

He too belonged to the select band of people who were the first to accept Islam. He was known for his integrity, generosity, tolerance and patience. He was the eleventh person to come into the fold of Islam. He was also the foster brother of the Prophet )peace and blessings be upon him) through the ties of breast-feeding.

Umm Salamah was also one of the earliest converts to Islam. Her mother was 'Atikah bint 'Amer bin Rabi'ah. Her father Abu Umayyah bin 'Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Makhzum was a very wealthy man and famous throughout the Arab world for his public service and charity.

Umm Salamah seemed to have inherited this trait from her father. She was always amiable and kind to her neighbors. She married the handsome and brave son of the equally wealthy family of Makhzum.

But things changed radically when the couple embraced Islam. The whole family turned against them; mischievous and wicked elements like Walid bin Mughirah Makhzumi started creating problems for them. Finally, when matters had nearly reached their worst, the Prophet )peace and blessings be upon him) advised his staunch followers to migrate to Abyssinia where the Christian King was more tolerant of the new religion. Sixteen people set out on that historic first migration of the followers of Islam - twelve men and four women, Abu and Umm Salamah were part of these sixteen.

Umm Salamah narrated that life was very peaceful in Abyssinia, free of all religious persecution. She first gave birth to a daughter, whom they named Zaynab. Then she had a son Salamah, hence her name and her husband's name.

The next child was also a son, 'Umar. Finally they had another daughter who they named Durrah. So life was very smooth and time passed uneventfully, in peace and happiness. The ruler of Abyssinia, Najashi, was very kind to the migrants. When the

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leaders of the disbelievers heard this news they were enraged and thought that the Muslims were becoming a real source of danger for them. They decided to take strong measures to stem the rising tide of Islam.

After a great deal of thought they evolved a plan of action. The disbelievers sent the leading politician of the Arab world, Amr bin 'Aas and 'Abdullah bin Abi Rabi'ah with expensive gifts for Najashi, in order to persuade him to hand over the Muslim migrants to their custody. Najashi was a fair minded, far-sighted and frank man.

So he called for the leader of the refugees to present their case. Najashi, after hearing the plea of the Muslims he then told the emissaries of the Quraysh that these migrants were people of good character and could continue to live in Abyssinia as long as they wished.

Further, he would continue to give every kind of protection necessary, and the delegation from Makkah could leave carrying back their gifts. If someone gave him even a mountain of gold in exchange for these righteous people he would not surrender them.

Umm Salamah has written about this memorable first migration of the Muslims, and described the greatness of Najashi in such a moving manner that it has become an integral and important part of Islamic history.

Abu Salamah took part in the Battle of Badr and once again had the honor of fighting for Islam in the Battle of Uhud. But in this last mentioned battle Abu Usamah Jashmi wounded him seriously in the side with his spear.

Umm Salamah says that she prayed thus and Allah granted her prayer. When she finished the prescribed period of waiting, Abu Bakr As-Siddiq sent a proposal of marriage to her, but she refused. Then 'Umar bin Khattab proposed and she refused him as well. Then the Prophet )peace and blessings be upon him) proposed.

"O Messenger of Allah," Umm Salama replied, "I have three main characteristics: I am a woman who is extremely jealous and I am afraid that you will see something in me that will make you angry and cause Allah to punish me; I am a woman who is already advanced in age; and I am a woman who has many children."

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"As for your jealousy," answered the Prophet, "I pray to Allah the Almighty to take it away from you. As for your age, I am older than you. As for your many children, they belong to Allah and His Messenger."

The Prophet's answered eased her heart, and so they were married in Shawwal, 4 AH, and so it was that Allah answered the prayer of Umm Salama and gave her better than Abu Salama. From that day on, Umm Salama was not only the mother of Salama, but also became the 'Mother of the Believers' 'Umm al Muminin'.

Umm Salama was not the only wife to have been widowed as a result of the battle of Uhud, and thanks to this marriage, many of the Companions followed the Prophet's example, marrying widows and thereby bringing them and their children into the circle of their families, instead of leaving them to struggle on their own.

She writes that this answer gave her great happiness and thus she attained the honor of becoming part of the Prophet's household. Thus Allah granted both hers and Abu Salamah's prayer, and she married the Prophet )peace and blessings be upon him) in the month of Shawwal, in the 4th, year after Hijrah.

Several of the Ayat of the Noble Quran were revealed to the Prophet )peace and blessings be upon him) when he was in her apartment.

She lived to the ripe old age of eighty-four and died in the year 62nd after Hijrah. She lived to see the rule Khulafa' Ar-Rashidin.

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Activity1) Fill the blanks

Her real name was ………………….. She was first married to...............

Her mother's name was …………..

Her father's name was………..

The ruler of Abyssinia………………. was very kind to the migrants.

The disbelievers sent the leading politician of the Arab world, …………………..and ………………………………. with expensive gifts for Najashi.

Abu Salamah took part in the Battle of Badr and once again had the honor of fighting for Islam in the Battle of ………... But in this last mentioned battle ……………………………wounded him seriously in the side with his spear.

When she finished the prescribed period of waiting………………………………………… sent a proposal of marriage to her, but she refused. Then …………………………………proposed and she refused him as well. ………………………)peace and blessings be upon him) proposed and she accepted.

She married the Prophet )peace and blessings be upon him) in the month of …………………….in the ……………………… after Hijrah.

She lived to the ripe old age of ……………….. and died in the year …………….. after Hijrah. She lived to see the rule ……………………………..

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2) Put right or wrong and correct the wrong one

The Prophet )peace and blessings be upon him) advised his staunch followers to migrate to Hadramoot ) )

……………………………………………………………………………………..

Sixteen people set out on that historic first migration of the followers of Islam ) )

…………………………………………………………………………………….

Mention some traits of Umm Salama?

…………………………..

……………………………..

………………………………..

Why did the Arab send Amr bin 'Aas and 'Abdullah bin Abi Rabi'ah with expensive gifts for Najashi? And what was the reaction of Najashi?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

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Mention some traits of Najashi?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

What were the three reservations of umm Salama regarding the Prophet's proposal?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

What was the answer of the Prophet towards those reservations?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………

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