Lecture 6.10: Skeletal System

Vertebrae separated by intervertebral discs Shock Absorbers Prevents bone to bone contact Herniated disc Disc extends outwards Reduces disc function

Intervertebral Articulations

Figure 6.36

Shoulder Joint Greatest motion in body Most dislocated joint Bursitis—inflammation of bursa Restrict motion Painful Elbow Joint—Extremely stable

Upper Limb Articulations

Figure 6.37

Hip Joint Absorbs shock Denser and stronger than shoulder Extremely stable Less movement than shoulder

Lower Limb Articulations

Figure 6.39b

Figure 6.39a

Usually 60+ Osteoporosis weakens femur Usually occurs with hip dislocation or pelvic

fractures Takes long time to heal

Hip Fractures

Medial and lateral menisci—cushion Bursae—reduce friction Patellar ligament—supports

Knee Joint

Figure 6.40a