THE NEW DEAL

ROOSEVELT’S ELECTION

The 1932 Presidential Election was a landslide.

FDR felt that the government should take the lead in ending the Great Depression.

In the 4 months between FDR’s election and his inauguration, he began developing a set of new policies aimed at attacking the Great Depression.

THE HUNDRED DAYS

March 9-June 16 1933- RELIEF, RECOVERY, REFORM

Period of intense legislative activity in which 15 major pieces of New Deal legislation were passed by Congress

Significantly expanded the role of the Federal Government in the economy

WHAT DOES THIS MEAN?

“At the end of February we were a congeries of disorderly panic-

stricken mobs and factions. In the hundred days from March to June we became again an organized nation confident of our power to provide

for our own security and to control our own destiny”

-Walter Lippmann, Author

GOALS

First goal was to reform banking and finance

Bank Holiday and the Emergency Banking Relief Act

Followed up these reforms by providing relief to struggling farmers and unemployed workers

FIRESIDE CHATS

President Roosevelt understood that Herbert Hoover was not seen as caring about the average American.

Every week the President would use the radio to speak directly to the American people.

The American people felt as if they had a President who cared and was working to help them.

POV STATEMENT

“There is an element in …our financial system more important

than currency, more important than gold, and that is the confidence of

the people. Confidence and courage are the essentials of success in

carrying out our plan.”-President Franklin D. Roosevelt

Person who is Position in Society believes Beliefs Because Evidence .

TVA

Tennessee Valley Authority was a federal project to bring power to many people for the first time.

Built hydroelectric dams and generators as well as providing jobs for people in the Tennessee River Valley

Tennessee, Mississippi, Kentucky, Alabama, Georgia

WPA

The Works Progress Administration was a program that built structures and undertook projects for the public good.

Post offices, swimming pools, dams, hospitals, court houses, murals, sculptures, cultural record keeping, and many other projects

Many WPA projects can still be seen today

WPA PROJECTS IN ARIZONA

http://livingnewdeal.berkeley.edu/us/az/

CCC

A program that sought to give environmental engineering jobs to unemployed young men

Would live in camps for 6 months at a time and earn $1 a day

Ran by the U.S. Army

Some feared that it would become “A New Deal fascist army”

SECOND NEW DEAL AND THE SECOND HUNDRED DAYS

By 1935, FDR was looking for ways to build on the programs of the First New Deal.

The economy had improved but not as much as he would have liked

Set another set of legislation in motion aimed at providing relief through work

COURT PACKING

The conservative Supreme Court began striking down New Deal programs by 1935

Seeing this as a problem, FDR proposed a court-reform bill that would allow him to appoint 6 new justices (all of whom would be in favor of the New Deal)

Hotly contested in Congress where it was seen as a violation of the separation of powers

WHAT HAPPENED?

Judicial reform proved to be unnecessary

An elderly justice retired, allowing FDR to appoint another liberal to the court

His problem was solved

THE END OF THE NEW DEAL

The idea of a Third New Deal was introduced by FDR, but he was not a fan of deficit spending

By 1937 the economy had improved enough that people thought the end of the Depression was near

FDR scaled back New Deal legislation due to pressure from Congress

THE END

By 1939 the New Deal was effectively over

Unemployment rose from 7.7 million to 10.4 million

FDR focused on Europe, particularly the rise of Hitler

IMPACT OF THE NEW DEAL

Did not end the Great Depression, but it did greatly reduce the suffering of thousands (still very controversial)

Provided regulation of banking and investment activities

Protection of workers’ rights Social Security Conservation efforts

National Parks TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority)

NEW DEAL POSTER

You will create a poster targeted at Americans who cannot read.

You must inform them about how a specific New Deal Program benefits them.

May use a total of 10 words

Top of poster “FDR CARES!”