starter activity

Detail

In 1800 smallpox was one the most feared diseases around. But why did people fear this disease so much?

Reasons why it was so Reasons why it was so fearedfeared

Symptoms: fever, headaches, pus-filled Symptoms: fever, headaches, pus-filled blistersblisters

ScarringScarring Treatments, e.g. bleeding, Treatments, e.g. bleeding, quackquack

remediesremedies Killed more children than any other Killed more children than any other

diseasedisease No known cureNo known cure Affected rich & poor (Elizabeth I)Affected rich & poor (Elizabeth I)

What was so What was so special about special about

Edward Jenner?Edward Jenner?To find out about early attempts at To find out about early attempts at

inoculationinoculation

To study the life of Edward JennerTo study the life of Edward Jenner

To find out why there was son To find out why there was son much opposition to much opposition to vaccinationvaccination

LOs

Your taskYour task Read p. 109. Explain the Read p. 109. Explain the

term term inoculationinoculation and and note this in your note this in your glossary.glossary.

List the reasons why List the reasons why inoculation didn’t totally inoculation didn’t totally solve the problemsolve the problem

Extension. Can you Extension. Can you think of other examples think of other examples in history where the in history where the privileged were the first privileged were the first benefited from better benefited from better access to access to health/medicine?health/medicine?

Lady Mary Wortley Montagu

Problems with Problems with inoculationinoculation

Costly – some doctors exploited this!Costly – some doctors exploited this! Some died from inoculation or Some died from inoculation or

became carriersbecame carriers People refused treatmentsPeople refused treatments

Why do the people look so concerned in this painting?

Extension task

Why do you think Lady Mary was in a good position to help

with the development of inoculations. What might have

limited her influence?

Visit www.studyhistory.co.uk and find the web link on Lady Mary to a Radio 4 programme

on her life

Extension task

Why would Queen Caroline (wife of George

IV) have a daughters but not her sons

inoculated?

What has a cow got to do with immunology?

Film clipFilm clip Watch the clip about the Watch the clip about the

life of Edward Jenner life of Edward Jenner and.and.

Imagine you have been Imagine you have been asked to write an epitaph asked to write an epitaph for Jenner’s tomb. Write for Jenner’s tomb. Write a brief summary of his a brief summary of his achievementsachievements

Extension. Why might Extension. Why might some people challenge’s some people challenge’s Jenner’s reputation?Jenner’s reputation?

Edward Jenner, 1749-1823

Your taskYour task

Read p.109-110 and list the factors Read p.109-110 and list the factors which helped Jenner make his which helped Jenner make his famous break through.famous break through.

Note down the similarities with Note down the similarities with other, earlier ‘medical megastars’. other, earlier ‘medical megastars’. Who did he have most in common Who did he have most in common with?with?

Extension. Who might oppose Extension. Who might oppose Jenner’s ideas and why?Jenner’s ideas and why?

What helped Jenner make What helped Jenner make his discoveries?his discoveries?

Education – studied under surgeon, John Education – studied under surgeon, John HunterHunter

Enquiry & attitude – noted down his Enquiry & attitude – noted down his observations, e.g. milkmaids didn’t develop observations, e.g. milkmaids didn’t develop smallpox; carried out 23 tests; undeterred by smallpox; carried out 23 tests; undeterred by criticismcriticism

Technology – published his ideas (1798); by Technology – published his ideas (1798); by 1803 USA using vaccination & in 1805 1803 USA using vaccination & in 1805 Napoleon vaccinated Fr armyNapoleon vaccinated Fr army

Government - £30,000 grant; 1852 Government - £30,000 grant; 1852 compulsory compulsory vaccinationvaccination introduced introduced

There has been an

outbreak of smallpox across the

country. It is likely to strike

Folkestone soon. Hold a debate on whether the

local council should introduce compulsory

vaccinations

What does this cartoon tell us about contemporary reactions to vaccinations?

Extension taskExtension task

Do you think parents should have Do you think parents should have the right to decide if their children the right to decide if their children should be vaccinated or not?should be vaccinated or not?

Baby receiving its MMR jab

PlenaryPlenary

What is the difference between What is the difference between inoculation & vaccination?inoculation & vaccination?

Give 3 reasons why Jenner faced so Give 3 reasons why Jenner faced so much oppositionmuch opposition

What factors helped in the discovery What factors helped in the discovery of a vaccine for smallpox?of a vaccine for smallpox?

HomeworkHomework You have been asked to You have been asked to

write the entry for a write the entry for a web encyclopaedia web encyclopaedia entry on Edward entry on Edward Jenner. Write a side of Jenner. Write a side of A4 explaining who he A4 explaining who he was (his life story), who was (his life story), who were the early pioneers were the early pioneers of immunology (e.g. of immunology (e.g. Lady Mary), how he Lady Mary), how he developed his vaccine, developed his vaccine, why his work was so why his work was so important.important.