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© Siemens AG 2013. All Rights Reserved.
RES Production of H2
Pathway to new energy landscape
Copyright © Siemens AG. All rights reserved
Gaelle HotellierExecutive Vice President
© Siemens AG 2013. All Rights Reserved.
solar power
wind power
Intermittentgeneration
PEM-Elektrolyzer
+ -
O2 H2
H2O
fossile
Grid
Steadygeneration
CO2
CH4
H2
H2
Direct utilization w/o storage
Industry
Industry(H2-Utilization)
Gas-Turbine
Energy (Re-Electrification)
Fuel Cell Car
Mobility(H2-Fuel)
H2
CH4
H2-Storage
injection
Methanation / CO2 utilization/ others
Gaspipeline„Convergence“
H2*
*partially (in case of cheap power)
H2 drives the convergence between energy, industry & mobility markets
Generation Conversion In / Out Utilization
Big Picture HydrogenConversion of electrical into chemical power
© Siemens AG 2013. All Rights Reserved.
DC current splits water into hydrogen and oxygen
production rate is related to current
9 liters of water yield 1 kg of hydrogen
approx. 50 kWh electrical energy generate 1 kg/h hydrogen
1 kg of hydrogen contain 33,3 kWh energy
Key specsBasics
2H20 2H2 + O2
PEM* technology
* Proton-Exchange-Membrane
purpose: - ion conductor (H+)- electric isolator- gas-tight separator
The PEM technology uses a robust polymer membrane as electrolyte
Water Electrolysis Principle
O2
H2O
H2
electrode
gas-diffusion-layer
bipolar plate
PEM-electrolyte
© Siemens AG 2013. All Rights Reserved.
Maintenance
No caustic potash solutionNo leachingNo precipitation
Dynamic
Cycles 0 % .. 300 % without relevant aging
Lifetime
No caustic potash, less corrosion Construction
+ Size
High current density allows compact construction
+
Pressure
High System pressures Low compression costs
+
+
+
Operating costs
Highest dynamic for lowest current prices
+
Operability
No inert gas flushing No protective electrodes
current No preheating
+
PEM Electrolyzers are technologically promising compared to alkaline technology
+
Modular, scalable Industrial standards
€
© Siemens AG 2013. All Rights Reserved.
Hydrogen: Enabling conversion between electrical and chemical energy
Excess Energy
Renewable Energy Chemical Energy
PEM Electrolyzer Technology
Robust polymer membrane as electrolyte
Extremely dynamic and tolerant to overload even under pressurized operation
High pressure operation without efficiency loss
Operation as dynamic load for secondary and even primary control power
Pure water – no leach
on-off switching without any delay
No N2-purge and preheating necessary
Siemens Expertise
PEM electrolyzer development started 1998
Reference list in electrolyzer technology:- continuous lab operation > 50.000 h- 10y field operation (prototype)- 100 bar prototype - 40y electrode know-how
complete solution in one hand- heavy duty rectifiers (up to 70.000 A)- transformers- control units - grid connection- gas turbines
PEM Electrolyzers @ SiemensLeading edge technology for high capacity electrolyzers
© Siemens AG 2013. All Rights Reserved.
100 - 300 kW PEM Electrolyzer Demonstrator
Rated power of the system is 100 kW, peak power 300 kW (electrical stack input)
H2 and O2 are produced at an output pressure of 50 bar
The container is a „self-sustaining“ system. Power supply as well as water purification are onboard
The demonstrator was delivered 2012 to RWE in the context of the BMBF-funded project CO2RRECT*
Key statements
*CO2-Reaction using Regenerative Energies and Catalytic Technologies
First Siemens electrolyzer units under operation at customer sites.
Siemens Elektrolyzer at the RWE site Niederaußem
Under operation
© Siemens AG 2013. All Rights Reserved.
Control power - Additional path for PEM Technology as it is based a.o. on reaction time
Transmission System operators (TSOs) are responsible for safe and reliable network operations in their respective control area.
To fulfill the task “frequency stability”, TSOs need balancing power.
The Control Power call takes place timely phased and is split between primary and secondary (or minutes reserve) regulation.
Control Power can be either positive or negative (neg. = consumption/ production; pos.= production/ consumption)
2 business case opportunities: “demand price” (= stand-by) and “working price” (= release order)
Interesting link: https://www.regelleistung.net/ip/action/index?language=en
The Primary Control secure the rebalancing between produced and consumed power within seconds, whereat the frequency remains within the authorized limits.
The objective of the Secondary Control is to put the frequency back to its desires value und the power transfer to the agreed values, and herewith to have the whole activated primary regulation available as reserve again
In addition to the secondary regulation, the transmission grid operator need Minute reservel to restore free secondary balancing power range as well as the balancing of power deficits not being solved through secondary regulation only.
© Siemens AG 2013. All Rights Reserved.
• Startup time (blackstart) ~ 10 min• From standby to full load in < 10 sec• Full dynamic behavior between 0 and 300% electric load (positive, negative or combined mode control power)
Power in %
100%
200%
300%
normal operationproviding
negative control powerproviding
positive control power
PEM electrolyzers can be operated as efficient dynamic load for secondary and even primary control power
positive Regellast:100 kW
negative Regellast:200 %
PEM Electrolyzers @ SiemensOperation as Control Power
© Siemens AG 2013. All Rights Reserved.
SILYZER – Electrolyzer Systems from SiemensUp-scaling Roadmap “SILYZER family”
Roadmap: PEM Electrolyzer Portfolio “SILYZER” Key take away
Siemens has established the business unit “Hydrogen Solutions” to develop and industrialize PEM electrolyzer systems.
The Siemens PEM-electrolyzers will be cost-competitive to alkaline technology.
Modular Systems in the MW-range will be available starting 2015, demonstrators in the sub-MW-class in 2013.
Product line I0.1 – 0.3 MW
Product line II1 - >10 MW
2012 2014 2015Rated Powernominal
1 MW
10 MW
100 MW
0,1 MW
Product line III10 - >100 MW
2018
Product line IB *
0.2 - >1 MW
SILYZER 100SILYZER 100
SILYZER 200SILYZER 300
© Siemens AG 2012. All Rights Reserved.
I DT LD HYIndustry SectorDrives Technology DivisionHydrogen Solutions
contact:Gaelle Hotellier (Executive VP & General Manager) +49 9131 7-22847mailto:[email protected]
Copyright © Siemens AG. All rights reserved
