KEY TERMS & IDEAS FOR UNIT

6

END OF THE COLD WAR Problems facing the USSR in late 20th c. Soviet invasion of Afghanistan Mikhail Gorbachev Roles of Ronald Reagan, Margaret Thatcher, Pope John Paul II Glasnost Perestroika Fall of Berlin Wall Solidarity movement End of communism in east Europe Fall of Soviet Union Boris Yeltsin Commonwealth of Independent States Chechnya Vladimir Putin Conflict in Yugoslavia Conflict in Kosovo Persian Gulf War Problems facing the US as the sole superpower

REVOLUTIONS – CUBA & IRAN Fulgencio Batista Fidel Castro Che Guevara Changes under

Castro US-sponsored

invasion of Cuba Cuban Missile Crisis Embargo on Cuba Cuba AFTER the

Revolution

Religious revivalism Shah Reza Pahlavi Problems in Iran before

Rev. Relationship w/US &

USSR before Rev. Iranian Revolution Ayatollah Ruhollah

Khomeini Shari’a in 20th c. Iran Iran Hostage Crisis President Ahmadinejad Relationship w/Israel &

the US after the Rev.

THE MIDDLE EAST IN THE 20TH CENTURY Gamal Abdul Nasser (Egypt) Free Officers Movement (Egypt) Muslim Brotherhood Answar Sadat Hosni Mubarak Balfour Declaration Creation of Israel Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Palestinian Liberation Front Hamas, Hezbollah Yasser Arafat Israeli Prime Ministers (David Ben-Gurion, Golda Meir, Yitzhak Rabin,

Ariel Sharon) Creation of Turkey, features of modern Turkey Mustafa Kemal Pasha (Ataturk) Organization of OPEC Persian Gulf War Saddam Hussein Arab Spring

LATIN AMERICA IN THE 20TH C. Mexican Rev. Mexican Constitution (1917) Party of the Institutionalized Revolution (Mexico) NAFTA Vicente Fox Juan Jose Arevalo United Fruit Company Role of the US in Guatemala Liberation Theology Role of the military in L.America Rising democratic trends Relationships w/the US Banana Republics Good Neighbor Policy Role of women Role of workers Culture in 20th c. L. America

DEMOGRAPHIC & ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES IN THE 20TH C. Demographic Impact of major conflicts

WWI, WWII Korean War, Vietnam War Revolutions & decolonization

Migrations Rural to urban – where & why? Global – where & why?

Population bomb in Africa – causes & consequences Demographic transitions Widespread disease – Spanish influenza, AIDS, SARS Environmental impact of major conflicts

WWI, WWII Korean War, Vietnam War Revolutions & decolonization

Environmental problems Soil depletion Overpopulation Industrial pollution Greenhouse effect & global warming

Green Revolution Rachel Carson – Silent Spring

GLOBALIZATION IN THE 20TH & 21ST CENTURIES Globalization Impact of new technology Economic globalization Multinational corporations Cultural globalization Institutions of globalization

UN World Health Organization International Non-Governmental Orgs. International Monetary Fund World Bank NAFTA Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

Resistance to globalization Rise of nationalism Religious fundamentalism