Non-living particles that cant reproduce nucleic acids (DNA or
RNA) enclosed in a protein coat Smaller than the smallest bacterium
Do replicate on their own Must have a host
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Dont carry out respiration, develop or grow ~~Influenza,
smallpox, HIV, Herpes I and Herpes II Can mutate to become more
dangerous Bacteriophages infect bacterial cells All living
organisms can contract viruses Some are species specific HIV only
affects humans Have to have a host to replicate Found soil, air
water
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Lytic Cycle Lysogenic Cycle
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A virus takes over a hosts genetic material The cell bursts
(Lysis) and viruses spread Uses its structures and energy to
replicate many viruses
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Lytic Cycle
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** The viruss nucleic acid (DNA/RNA) is integrated into the
host cells chromosome ** The virus lay dormant as the cell
reproduces itself ** The cell is then called a provirus
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After the virus has inserted its genetic material (Step 1)
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Tobacco Mosaic virus causes leaves to turn yellow and cant be
sold at market
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Herpes Zoster (chicken pox), Herpes simplex I (cold Sores),
herpes simplex II (Genital Herpes), and hepatitis B (affects
liver)
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RNA virusesRNA being their only HIV that causes the disease
AIDS
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Infects white blood cells (remember B and T Cells!!!) Released
into the blood stream by exocytosis and infect other white blood
cells.
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Viruses linked to cancer disrupt mitosis HPV is the most common
Human Papilloma Virus causes genital warts and accounts for about
76% of cervical cancers
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Archaebacteria The extremist; Oldest; salt- loving; heat-loving
Eubacteria Some are photosynthetic - photosynthesis Some undergo
chemosynthesis break down surrounding organic compounds for food
Some are heterotrophs eat their own food
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Binary FissionConjugation Type of ReproductionAsexualSexual
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How it HappensOne bacterium one bacterium makes a copy oftransfers
its chromosomeschromosomes to and splits into twoanother bacterium
through pili
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Description of CellsGeneticallyGenetically different
Producedidentical
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Flagellum Ribosome Cytoplasm Chromosome capsule Cell Wall Cell
Membrane Pili
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Endospore forms around bacteria during harsh conditions Cells
grow and reproduce Can produce toxins Botulism (food poisoning),
anthrax (lives in soil) Can mutate quickly to environmental change
and become more dangerous
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Some make you sick and can bcome antibiotic resistant Strep
throat Food poisoning Some Pneumonias Lyme disease Tuberculosis
Cavities
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Nitrogen fixation (plant root convert nitrogen gas into usable
nitrogen for the plant) Return nutrients to soil Produce oxygen
Production of cheese, yogurt and pickles E. coli in the intestines
Used in farming, medicine and food industry
