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MechanicalChemicalBiological
Rocks eventually form sedimentRocks - stationary
Definition Mechanisms
Produces finer particles by fracturing rock
Mineral composition remains the same
Abrasion (grinding)
Crystallization (frost shattering)
Thermal fracturing (rapid heat change)
Hydration (Expansion of water)
Exfoliation (pressure release jointing)
Definition Processes
Chemical reactions transform rocks and minerals into new chemical combinations that are stable under prevailing conditions at or near the Earth's surface.
Rock disintegrates
Hydrolysis & Hydration (involve water)
Oxidation & Reduction (combines with O or loss of O)
Solution/Dissolution (carbonates & carbon dioxides combine with form carbonic acid)◦ CO2 + H2O = H2CO3
Chemical weathering Not all minerals are prone to chemical weathering
Faster in warmer climates HeatWater
Definition Photo Examples
Biological weathering can be considered special types of mechanical or chemical weathering
Action of living organism Plants & Animals Bacteria, algae and lichens
Secrete acids, chemicals
Definition Agents
Removal and movement of earth materials by natural agents.
Some of these agents include glaciers, wind, water, earthquakes, volcanoes, tornadoes, hurricanes, mud flows, and avalanches.
Water Wind Glaciers
http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/3079.bb.rm
Chandeleur Islands
Weathering 2 processes No movement
Mass WastingMovement of rock particle – gravity
ErosionFlowing Agent
Splash erosion Sheet erosion Fluvial erosion Waves Glacial erosion
AbrasionPlucking
Waves in oceans and other large bodies of water cause coastal
erosion. The power of ocean waves is awesome; large storm waves can produce 2000 pounds of pressure per square foot. The pure energy of waves along with the chemical content of the water is what erodes the rock of the coastline. Aeolian Erosion
Wave action in Calvert County Maryland
Aeolian Erosion – Wind erosion, sand dunes
Effects of mechanical weathering http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1201/es1201page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
Effects of chemical weathering http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1202/es1202page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
Landscape formed by erosion http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1205/es1205page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
Sediment transfer – flowing water http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1303/es1303page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
Channels in meandering river http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1306/es1306page01.cfm?
chapter_no=visualization
Waterfalls and chasms http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1305/
es1305page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
Glacial erosion of bedrock http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1502/es1502page01.cfm?
chapter_no=visualization
Example of wave erosion◦ http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1606/es1606page01.cfm?
chapter_no=visualization