…. Lesson 5 David Is Anointed David Defeats Goliath 1 Sam 16-17 Psalm 23

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Lesson 5

David Is Anointed David Defeats Goliath

1 Sam 16-17 Psalm 23

Before the Flood Flood Scattering of the People Patriarchs Exodus

Narrative Periods

Wandering in the Wilderness Invasion and Conquest Judges United Kingdom

Narrative Periods

8 –

Chapter contents

8 – “We want a king” 9 –

Chapter contents

8 – “We want a king” 9 – Saul private anointing 10 –

Chapter contents

8 – “We want a king” 9 – Saul private anointing 10 – Saul public anointing 11 –

Chapter contents

8 – “We want a king” 9 – Saul private anointing 10 – Saul public anointing 11 – Rescue of Jabesh Gilead 12 –

Chapter contents

8 – “We want a king” 9 – Saul private anointing 10 – Saul public anointing 11 – Rescue of Jabesh Gilead 12 – Samuel ‘retires’

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13 –

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13 – Saul offer burnt offering; rejected by God

14 –

Chapter contents


14 – Jonathan attacks Philistines; Saul’s foolish oath

15 –

Chapter contents

Read Deut 20:1-4


14 – Jonathan attacks Philistines; Saul’s foolish oath

15 – Saul’s disobedience with Amalekites; final rejection

Chapter contents

David Selected 16:1-13

David’s Service 16:14-23David & Goliath 17:1-58

David’s Shepherd Psalm Psalm 23

Samuel still grieves over Saul’s failuresv. 1a 15:35

God gives the prophet new instructions… go anoint the new king v. 1b

Samuel fears Saul’s reaction…continued proof of Saul’s character v. 2a

God provides the prophet with the solution v. 2b


Bethlehem’s elders don’t know Samuel’s purpose in coming v. 4 7:15-16

The “selection process” vv. 6-13 – God corrects Samuel’s “wrong criteria” – All of Jesse’s sons are rejected…Samuel

requests the youngest (David) to be brought in from his shepherding duties

– David is the Lord’s choice as king 13:14 Acts 13:21-23


David as a lowly shepherd…not as a king Notice how the terms used do not apply

to Saul post- 1 Sam 13, 15 The anointing of David’s head with oil

certainly harmonizes with 1 Sam 16:13

Shepherd Psalm Psa 23

God had departed from Saul…the king is plagued by an “evil spirit”

Saul’s servants recommend someone who could soothe him with music

David is brought to Saul because of his harp skills (Divine providence?)

David begins serving in a “rotation” at the royal court to the king v. 21

David’s Service 16:14-23

1. David is anointed by Samuel 2. Carries provisions to his

brethren in the army 3. Fights with and kills Goliath 4. Is received into the king's court 5. Contracts a friendship with

Jonathan


Adam Clark Commentary

6. Incurs Saul's jealousy 7. Retires to his father's house 8. Is after some time sent for by

Saul to sooth his melancholy with his harp

9. Again excites Saul's jealousy, who endeavours to smite him with his javelin


David & Goliath 17:1-58

Saul had previous success against Philistia 1 Sam 13-14

Specific mention of Goliath vv. 4-7 Saul’s (and all Israel’s) reaction v. 11

– Not a man of faith 1 Sam 11 – Remember…he no longer benefited from

the Lord’s Spirit 10:6-7, 10 11:6 – Point of comparison re: Saul & David…

1 Sam 10:26; 11:5 and 1 Sam 17:15


David’s reaction to Goliath vv. 25-26(not driven by carnal “incentives”)

Eliab’s reaction to David’s words v. 28 David’s faith before Saul vv. 32-40

– Faith not in physical strength, weaponry but in God

Battle results vv. 41-54 – David didn’t seek personal glory…wanted

Philistia & Israel to know/remember


Battle results vv. 41-54 – David also didn’t seek a miracle to defeat

Goliath…just faith in God and his own abilities

Saul’s inquiry vv. 55-58 – How did he not know David? 16:16-23 – More evidence of a self-absorbed man,

or easy to not recognize David as only one of numerous servants in his court?


1 Samuel 17:45 Then David said to the Philistine, "You come to me with a sword, with a spear, and with a javelin. But I come to you in the name of the LORD of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom you have defied.

46 "This day the LORD will deliver you into my hand, and I will strike you and take your head from you.

David’s Attitude

And this day I will give the carcasses of the camp of the Philistines to the birds of the air and the wild beasts of the earth, that all the earth may know that there is a God in Israel.

47 "Then all this assembly shall know that the LORD does not save with sword and spear; for the battle is the LORD'S, and He will give you into our hands."

David’s Attitude

(1) Divine wisdom always trumps human wisdom 16:6-7

– Taught or illustrated numerous times in Scripture Isa 55:8-9 Jer 10:23

1 Cor 2:1-5, 6-16

(2) God’s concern is the heart…not the outward appearance

– Not saying outward appearance is not important…heart is more important 1 Pet 3:3-4– God knows contents of man’s heart

Psa 139:1-4, 23-24 Jn 2:23-25Heb 4:12-13 Mt 5:21-22, 27-281 Jn 3:15

(3) God’s battles must be fought His way… not ours

– David wouldn’t have been able to defeat Goliath “man vs. man” (Saul’s fear)– Goliath would certainly fall because he had defied God and His armies as an “uncircumcised man” (David’s faith)– This is how we will defeat our own “present-day Goliaths” Eph 6:10-18

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…. Lesson 5 David Is Anointed David Defeats Goliath 1 Sam 16-17 Psalm 23