CONTRACEPTIVES

BARRIERS – MALE CONDOM Latex best or polyurethane Goes over ERECT penis before makes

contact with the VAGINA Captures sperm

ADVANTAGES: protect against many STDs including HIV/AIDS Inexpensive Available without prescription

DISADVANTAGES: Careful handling & timing necessary May reduce sensation for both Some people may be allergic to latex

MALE CONDOM REMEMBER:

Check expiry dateCheck packet is not damagedUse ONLY water based lubricantsDo not use OIL based lubricants Keep condoms in dry cool placeDo not flush down toiletLeave space for sperm in the tip (but no air

bubbles)Air bubbles can cause the condom to tearUSE a new condom for every NEW round!!!

BARRIERS – FEMALE CONDOM Held in place by 2 flexible rings Lines the Vagina Inserted into vagina before physical contact End rings covers cervix Open ring remains outside vagina Made of polyurethane

ADVANTAGES: Inexpensive & available without prescription Helps protect against MANY STDs including HIV/AIDs Does not need an erection to keep in position Both water & oil based lubricants can be used

FEMALE CONDOM

DISADVANTAGES:Must be inserted before intercourseCannot be used with a male condomMay reduce sensation or cause irritation for one or both partnersShould not be used by people with polyurethane allergy

CERVICAL CAP & DIAPHRAGM (WITH SPERMICIDE)

Deep silicone cup shaped like sailors cap

Fits around cervix Healthcare professional must

determine size Cap must be coated with spermicide

prior to intercourse After intercourse should be left inside

for at least 6 hrs Should not be worn for longer than

48hrs

CERVICAL CAP & DIAPHRAGM (WITH SPERMICIDE)

ADVANTAGES:A cervical cap or diaphragm are comfortable

DISADVANTAGES:Must be inserted before intercourse Must be a proper fit to be effectiveLess effective in women who have already given

birthDiaphragm increases risk of bladder infectionWeight gain and loss can effect the fit of

diaphram

CONTRACEPTIVE SPONGE Soft & disposable sponge made from

polyurethane foam Covers cervix Blocks sperm & also releases spermicide Protection from pregnancy begins once

inserted Lasts up to 24hrs Needs to be left in place for 6hrs post

intercourse Not to be worn more 30hrs

CONTRACEPTIVE SPONGE

ADVANTAGES:Comfortable & availablewithout prescription

DISADVANTAGES:Must be inserted before intercourseSome women experience vaginal irritationDifficulty in removalAllergic reactions

SPERMICIDE

Chemical inserted deep into vagina Before intercourse to block & kill sperm Comes in many forms – including foams,

creams, tablets, gels, suppositories, films More effective when used with other

forms of protection

STAND UP TURN AROUND

& Stretch!!!

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OUT OF ALL THE CONTRACETIVES

DISCUSSED SO FAR WHICH ONE DO YOU THINK IS THE MOST

EFFECTIVE IN PREVENTING PREGNANCY?

ANSWER… Male CONDOM about 87%

Cervical Cap (with spermicide) 85% (females who have not given birth)

DIAPHRAGM 82%

FEMALE condom 79%

Spermicide 72%

HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES TWO TYPES:

Progestin & Estrogen Progestin only

1) PROGESTIN & ESTROGEN Combination pill Hormonal ring Hormonal patch

2) PROGESTIN only Progestin only pill Hormonal injection Implanon

BASICS OF HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES

Pill Taken orallyReleases consistent dose of hormonesStops egg releaseHormones makes body think it has released

an egg so mimics reactionWomen still has menstrual cycle

Hormonal RingSmall flexible ring placed invagina Removed after 3 weeks (out for one week) then replaced

BASICS OF HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES

Hormonal Patch thin plastic patch attaches to skin Worn for 3 weeks (new one each week)

DISADVANTAGES OF ALL: May increase risk of blood clots, stroke, heart

attack or high blood pressure May cause bleeding between periods, change

in weight, depression, breast tenderness….

IT influences your hormones so different effects for different people!!!!

BASICS OF HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES

Hormonal injectionEvery 12 weeks by professionalCan cause bone loss

ImplanonSize of a matchstickFlexible plastic rod Inserts into skin in upper armCan be used up to 3 years

DO YOU THINK THE HORMONAL

CONTRACEPTIVES ARE MORE EFFECTIVE THAN

THE BARRIERS IN PREVENTING PREGNANCY?

HORMONAL MORE EFFECTIVE

YES!!!

Hormonal Injection 98%

Both types Pill 92%

INTRAUTERINE DEVICES Hormonal IUD

Inserted by professional into uterus Small plastic device containinghormones Some can be left in place for 5yrs Women in LT faithful relationships

Copper IUD As above for insertion Prevents sperm fertilizing egg 10 yrs Increases chance of ectopic pregnancy

FINAL POINTS…. IUD are the most effective method of

preventing pregnancy with 99% success rate

However with all of these you need to seek professional advice

Different people’s bodies react differently to all forms of contraceptives

The type of relationship you are in can determine the contraceptive choices you make

FULL PROOF METHOD TO AVOID PREGNANCY - STERILISATION FEMALE – surgical & non-surgical

Techniques to close the fallopian tubes Permanent protection from pregnancy Once results confirmed no other birth control is

needed Generally irreversible

MALE – surgical Vasectomy Vas deferens tube carries sperm is blocked Once results confirmed no other birth control

needed Generally irreversible

TYPICAL USE

PERFECT USE

WHAT ABOUT STDS?????

Most of these methods will NOT prevent STDs unless used in combination with a CONDOM.

Most of these methods are NOT recommended unless you are in a LONG TERM, SAFE and FAITHFUL relationship

APOLOGIES FOR THE DEATH BY POWERPOINT!!!!