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© Imperial College LondonPage 1
Simulation of London air quality during June 2006 and
the effects of emission control scenarios
Andrea Fraser NCAS funded PhD student
Supervised by Prof. H ApSimon Prof. R Derwent
© Imperial College LondonPage 2
June - July 2006
A number of Air Quality events reported on the London air quality network (LAQN) website
6th-9th June Ozone 17th-18th June Ozone SO2 PM10
3rd July Ozone SO2 (incidents since 28th June)
12th-17th July Ozone SO2
25th-26th July Widespread Ozone PM NO2 SO2
© Imperial College LondonPage 3
Meteorology and Emissions Pre-Processing
Meteorology
Using the UK Met. Office UM data (BADC archive) processed with UM-MCIP to create CMAQ ready files
1st June to 8th July
Emissions
Processed by applying temporal factors to EMEP and NAEI (2003) emissions inventories.Natural emissions based on Biogenic Potential inventory (BPI) on EMEP grid. (Dore, Hayman et al 2003)
© Imperial College LondonPage 4
CMAQ
CMAQ v 4.5.1
Chemistry Carbon Bond IV with aqueous and aerosol chemistry
Solver Rosenbrock
3 nested grids
© Imperial College LondonPage 5
CMAQ Grid A1 Europe48 x 48km resolution, 24 layers Uses UM Global Meteorology at 3hr time steps
Emissions based on EMEP (2003)
Natural emissions based on Biogenic Potential inventory (BPI) on EMEP grid
NO emissions
© Imperial College LondonPage 6
CMAQ Grid A2 12 x 12km resolution, 24 layers Uses UM Mesoscale Meteorology at 1hr time steps (approx. 12 x 12km)
Europe emissions based on EMEP (2003) and natural emissions based on BPIUK emissions based on NAEI(2003)
NO emissions
© Imperial College LondonPage 7
CMAQ Grid A3 4 x 4km resolution, 24 layers Uses UM Mesoscale Meteorology at 1hr time steps (approx. 12x12km)
Europe emissions based on EMEP (2003) and natural emissions based on BPIUK emissions based on NAEI(2003)
NO emissions
© Imperial College LondonPage 8
Evaluate Model vs. Observed Ozone AURN Rural site
Lullington Heath
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
02/06/0600:00
04/06/0600:00
06/06/0600:00
08/06/0600:00
10/06/0600:00
12/06/0600:00
14/06/0600:00
16/06/0600:00
18/06/0600:00
Time
Ozo
ne
pp
b
LH Ob LH A1
LH A2 LH A3
© Imperial College LondonPage 9
AURN Urban sites
Bexley
0.0010.0020.0030.0040.0050.0060.0070.0080.0090.00
02/06/0600:00
04/06/0600:00
06/06/0600:00
08/06/0600:00
10/06/0600:00
12/06/0600:00
14/06/0600:00
16/06/0600:00
18/06/0600:00
Time
Ozo
ne
pp
b
BX Ob BX A1
BX A2 BX A3
© Imperial College LondonPage 10
Model – Observations in London
32 Sites
Units ppb
© Imperial College LondonPage 11
Model –Observations
in London
Time of dayAll sites
Units ppb
© Imperial College LondonPage 12
Effect of NOx and VOC emissions reductions on Ozone
NOx reductions
base case – 30% less NOx
Anthropogenic VOC reductionbase case – 30% less VOC
NOx and Anthropogenic VOC reduction
base case – 30% less VOC and NOx
© Imperial College LondonPage 13
NOx sensitivity
© Imperial College LondonPage 14
VOC sensitivity
© Imperial College LondonPage 15
NOx sensitivity VOC sensitivity
© Imperial College LondonPage 16
Evaluate NOx sensitivity Brute force O3/NOy indicator
© Imperial College LondonPage 17
Evaluate VOC sensitivity Brute force H2O2/HNO3indicator
© Imperial College LondonPage 18
NOx sensitivity NOx-VOC sensitivity
© Imperial College LondonPage 19
Difference in NOx and NOx-VOC sensitivity
© Imperial College LondonPage 20
Difference in NOx and NOx-VOC sensitivity
© Imperial College LondonPage 21
Acknowledgements
• UM-MCIP – developed by G Taylor (Aeolus) funded by UWERN
• BADC data extraction procedure – Chang Wang
• EMEP2CMAQ – Armin Aulinger GKSS
• Biogenic Potential Inventory – Garry Hayman
© Imperial College LondonPage 22
Ongoing work
• Process data to include the full 6 weeks.
• Compare CMAQ performance on different days and at different locations
• Evaluate CMAQ using Process analysis
© Imperial College LondonPage 23
NOx sensitivity VOC sensitivity
© Imperial College LondonPage 24
Ozone Model-Observations in London
32 sites
Units ppb
© Imperial College LondonPage 25
Model –Observations
in London
Suburban
Urban background
Road side
Site Category
Urban background
12 sites
Suburban 4 sites
Roadside 5 sites
Units ppb