II
Abstract
Recently, more and more wireless networks have been deployed and
start
provide varies services to customers. However, according to
physical layer and
protocol of the wireless network, each network has different
transfer and application.
Therefore, it may cause unintended interactions between multiple
radios using
difference radio access technologies. Thus, heterogeneous wireless
network will be the
trend of future network. The heterogeneous wireless network is
commonly used in
ISM 2.4 GHz, as the range of 2.400 ~ 2.4835 MHz radio frequency
band. In ISM 2.4
GHz band, the frequency is overlap for IEEE 802.11b/g/n and IEEE
802.15.4. This
research is focuses on IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.15.4 protocols in
the ISM 2.4 GHz
band to be investigated by generating the certain interference.
Furthermore, it can
explore to three different interference situations depend on the
IEEE 802.15.4
transmission range. The interference circumstances can be divided
into three ranges:
Range1,Range2 and Range3. However, this research focuses on Range1
and Range2.
The IEEE 802.15.4 will suffer serious interference problems from
IEEE 802.11 if
there is no proper arrangement for the mutual scheduling mechanism.
Thus, “CIFS
fairness transmission opportunity” and “dynamic packet length
control mechanism”
are proposed in this thesis for IEEE 802.15.4 to solve the
co-channel interference from
IEEE 802.11. Results show proposed mechanisms can effectively
enhance the IEEE
802.15.4 transmission probability under wireless coexistence
environment.
Keywords: IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15.4, Wireless Coexistence
III
1.3
.....................................................................................................
4
...............................................................................................
7
IV
...................................................................................................................
22
3.2.5 IEEE 802.11 Markov chain
..................................................... 27
3.2.6 IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.11 Markov chain ...............
30
3.3 IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.11 ............................ 32
Range1 .......................................................
34
4.3 Range1
..........................................................................
40
4.4.2
......................................................................
46
3-1IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.11 CSMA/CA Parameters
................................ 23
4-1Range1
.......................................................................
35
5-1Range2
.......................................................................
53
VI
Frequency 2.4GHz 2.4GHz 2.4GHz 2.4GHz
Non-overlapping Channels 16
Max Bandwidth Per
Transmit power 0 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm
CCA 128μs N/A N/A N/A
Receiver Sensitivity -85 dBm -87 dBm -72 dBm -69 dBm
Max transmit power 1 mW 1000 mW 1000 mW 1000 mW
Range ~10-75 m ~ 140 m ~140 m ~250 m
1.3
Range1IEEE 802.11IEEE
IEEE 802.11 backoff time
unit CCA backoff
time unit IEEE 802.15.4
IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4 backoff
CCA backoff
IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.11
CSMA/CA Markov chain
[28]~[31] IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.11
Slot
ACK
CCA
S
I
F
S
A
C
K
4-3 CIFS IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4
IEEE 802.11
No
40
IEEE 802.15.4 4-5 IEEE 802.15.4
CIFS IEEE 802.15.4
CIFS IEEE 802.15.4
CIFS IEEE 802.15.4 CIFS
CIFS 1.2 msIEEE 802.15.4 100%
49
End to End Delay(29)(30)
11
.........................................................................................................
(30)
D11 D15.4 IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4 End to End Delay
L11 L15.4 IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4 Packet lengthES11 ES15.4
IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4 throughput
4-14 IEEE 802.11
4-14(a) 4-14(c) 4-14(e) IEEE 802.11 End to End Delay 4-14(b)
4-14(d) 4-14(f) IEEE 802.15.4 End to End Delay
4-14(a) 4-14(c) 4-14(e) BER End to End Delay
CIFS CIFS IEEE 802.11 End to End Delay
4-14(b) 4-14(d) 4-14(f) IEEE 802.11
BER End to End Delay CIFS IEEE 802.11
IEEE 802.15.4 CIFS End to End Delay
50
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
2
3
4
5
0.000
0.010
0.015
0.020
0.025
0
0.000001
0.00001
0.0001
0.0005
(a)IEEE 802.11End to End Delay (b) IEEE 802.15.4End to End
Delay
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.000
0.010
0.015
0.020
0.025
0.030
0.035
0
0.000001
0.00001
0.0001
0.0005
(c) IEEE 802.11End to End Delay (d) IEEE 802.15.4End to End
Delay
4-14IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4 End to End Delay
51
4-14 IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4 BER 10 -5
10 -6 BER=0 BER End to End Delay
CIFSIEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4 throughput
Range2 IEEE 802.15.4
IEEE 802.11 CSMA/CA IEEE 802.15.4
IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4
IEEE 802.15.4
Range2 IEEE 802.15.4
Qualnet[35] 5-1
5-1
C D
Transmission Power 17dBm 3dBm
Packet Interval 0.1 s 0.1 s
Data transmission Rate 1Mbps 250Kbps
Simulation Time 10 minute
IEEE 802.15.4 non-beacon 5-1 Node A
Node B IEEE 802.15.4 Node C Node D IEEE 802.11
Node B Node C 0.1 Node A Node D
Range2 IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE
802.15.4 IEEE 802.11 backoff IEEE 802.15.4
MAC CSMA/ CA IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.11
IEEE 802.15.4 CW CCA
IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4
Range2 IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4
4-2 Perform sensing IEEE 802.11
IEEE 802.15.4 Range2 IEEE 802.15.4
IEEE 802.11 Perform sensing IEEE 802.15.4
IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.11
IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.11 IEEE
802.15.4 ACK Time-out IEEE 802.11 Range2 IEEE
802.11 IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.11
55
ACK Time-out IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.11
IEEE 802.15.4 Range 2 IEEE 802.11
IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.11 IEEE
802.15.4 IEEE 802.11 backoff IEEE 802.15.4
IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4
IEEE 802.11 IEEE
802.15.4 IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.11
SINR(Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio) Range 2
IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4 (31)
Noise Background 802.11 IEEE from ceInterferen
Signal
B node from Signal SINR sA' Node
..................................... (32)
PHY IEEE 802.15.4 OQPSK (Offset Quadrature Phase-shift
keying)AWGN (additive white Gaussian noise)BER(33)
[36]
56
N bit
Range2IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.11 IEEE
802.11 IEEE 802.15.4 37.2
37.4 IEEE 802.11 0.1 1528 bytes IEEE
802.15.4 0.1 127 bytes Range 2 IEEE 802.11
n n-1 IEEE 802.15.4 k k-1IEEE 802.11
IEEE 802.15.4 37.305056001
37.205056001 IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.11
IEEE 802.11 n+1 IEEE 802.15.4 k+1 IEEE 802.11
n +1 IEEE 802.15.4 k +1 k +1
backoff IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4
57
37.200742666
37.213395999
s
s
data
n-1
1528
byte
127
byte
37.200640000
37.205056001
K-1
data
n
1528
byte
127
byte
K
d
a
t
a
d
a
t
a
37.305056001
37.300640000
37.313475999
37.300822666
data
5-2Range2 IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4
5.1 IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.11 Range 2
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