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t t t t Bp $ppBuB% g#cBsBphBB#% t t p3#QBp$#p$p# p $ # pT pB{ t t t t t ppv7$3dp$#p7T$T B007$BBi#% p Bt BpvBB 38 #p $Bp #v#p5#B $p0#%Q#sC 9 $Bv0 0Bp#rBpBp $ QvT Bp#p## 3##v BTbB#X #7pT #7 p#'Bv $p 7 C v$I %BC#p#p@Bp $'#7T 7BhT3@ pT pBppB ## ##%#p{p{ v#71B#X ##ibB%p$pp B# # p pT #7@B% QT$# #% rB$3#p%Q##$ t t t t bliTwseXT5gpi`3fTqsv5Qap( 8 X X bX b `d X ` d bY

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Battery

. . . at all points in this circuit 4 + 1 same rate of current . . . 3 2

& ED

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w

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(energy released)

Waterwheel

2

3

Reservoir

Pond 1 4 Pump (energy stored)


B ED

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Resistance Voltage Current Quantity

E or V llllll I

R

Ampere ("Amp") Unit of Measurement

Volt Ohm

Unit Abbreviation

V A

v pps BG@pB Q T$pp# T#%i#pvp# 1hB#XB#pG d#p#B%p$$v8r #Bi pB B sp p5BT$pp# p pppTBT#pQ#phv1T@#B#7@tu8 # ##0pQu#svvvp#p8C%v#p T$pB pp% # B5BBX#p$p#p ' ##5#p$#p3# 3#p

9 @

9 @

p# B BB5$#p%T%sBBTu#p# $CF F

R C

p u BQQ#7b$Bp00TGpBTpQ####%G b$p#T#B i# BX ppQ7##b p# p7BTb pp8pp#X p#h# E=IRF

p$pTpppTBTu$p#B #p pBs@u8r #5p p1pT$pp# $$i#$p T%1%Bp$3BBBs p# #$X3#Bp$p{#pp#X #7%Tp3%p$ dspppTBTd p $s37iBp###s

9 @

# 5##pp%sBp $bi# p$#$bpBa$p B%rB7sB 5B u75p7 $3vp$B$8pT$ p hQ#s ! BTQ p p#0#B$dB#TfQ ###$pBvBB7Q H ! u ##$%%p#vdB#Q#Er7uT$5B#%7dpp$#buB 3p3%p$p%% p7ur p#5pX h#3v7 ! db d dX ` b g d ` b `d X d b Y Y elfsre3s7QgCqs7p3fT557Qap gc8 B

Battery

I=

E R

-

+

electron flow electron flow R= E I Electric lamp (glowing)

9

v pB T$pB #i$p$p%175B##rT#%#p# uB#%$r#iE I6 8 F

y H 7%u#T1p$E

ppbB%Q#pssB I=4A

6

X T$p# B #i$# pphT##p# uBB#X1B #i E R 12 V 3G

y#

#1s T$p# B%Q#pssBI = ???

6

Y db g afeseX5 4 3

Battery E = 36 V

I=

Battery E = 12 V

=

-

+

-

+

36 V 4AG

I = ???

I=4A

= 4A

= 9H

R =8 6 F

=

Lamp R=3

Lamp R = ???

D

X B$1Bu%#ru#%X#v1iBBQ1B#71p8I Battery E = ??? I I E E R

9

pXs BuiBupB%$vu#%$i1BBQi#71tR

9

B$Bp#p ## pB%$Bpuu#p$pX%v#vv#78t R

9

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9 8

R C

y mp$pBu#vT7BpbB%Q#pssBI=2A

(

db d dX ` b g d ` b `d X d b Y Y elfsre3s7QgCqs7p3fT557Qap gc8

E = I R = (2 A)(7 ) = 14 V

6

E

-

+

R=

I=

I=2A

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p rB #i$BXB rB@'# rp%u#T pp ppr#pBr%#rp#p##t

no

u

3

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t

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Y db g afeseX5 4 3

Resistance= same

Flow rate = increase

Pressure = increase

I

E

R

E=IR

E=I RResistance= same Current = increase Voltage = increase

9 @

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Resistance= decrease

Resistance= increase

Flow rate = same

Pressure = decrease

Flow rate = decrease

Pressure = same

E=I R E=I RResistance= decrease Resistance= increase Current = same Voltage = decrease Current = decrease Voltage = samei i

a

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2ST 33,000

t

P=IEx

Ee v e

Horsepower

Horsepower =

Where, S = shaft speed in r.p.m.

This symbol means "proportional to" T = shaft torque in lb-ft. ST

$$ 8u

& 8

pu%#ABBTp3$p#u7T$%$p#p $ ! 7#hiB7u%p#%B#p #BT$p$vv$p$%upriBs3$r H ed5br #rs$ p @ $B$B$rBT$pB #psBQ7p# % Bt prp#%b@%@h$7 p @ t t p$3$p#0'T % pB%v#%% s3 #B t I

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vt

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P

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t e

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9 8

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t

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R

R w

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0 t t

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$sp Cs3u#7$8h%pQ# pp %B BQp Buvp T$pB # BBB #B pB u$$3#BB$5up5B##p 0B# %uBpv#75pr $C

9

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B 8

3 B%p$$hpB7hu##Bs#bB'pQ pp# #p#7Bp E R 18 V 3

B fQ pp0%0BpQp1p$pBvB#7# I = ???6

$u7T$pB #%X#vr ##@@ #p

6

B#X # v#pv## XC% $ s$rpQ sTp# Bv7 pQ#%B7#pBv7@p# p i3u#%B#%$r#puB1$$Q

9 t

t @

t

t 0U

@hI0g5 jE 5 i

e ` b`W c a Y

Y db g afeseX5 4 3

Battery E = 18 V

8

P = I E = (6 A)(18 V) = 108 WF

9 @

t @ t 9 8

I=6 F

= +

I = ???

= 6A Lamp R=3

d B 8

v pp T$pp# #7vBt E E R F x

F

9 Q

X ppiB #7vBt pp1Bp5p3#7r u#sB B#r1% B0#pu3'B#vpG #v#pvB#Bp## B BsS$#pi$$X3 D p1#QB0#$GBps5 7Qsi #T7# # B D i D uv7rp 3'$3#pT$p#@B7$p#s$#pg###T$pB pu pT$p# 7p##ph #%$uB #p17T$pp# #5Bp% ##Tp #Tdp BrB%r@Bp 'B'$#Bp

B 8

! Af

! w

y

! j

D $rBu # 1pT$pB B%p%B#$BrBdBh## I #BrT$pB #p%pQ#p7QB##Q1#u RCpsBB#s

y

& h

@

6

(

d Y bXX Y Y fgji`TlTpea slwg am%5 3

Battery E = 36 V

-

+

I = ???

u#sp# #sh$Bp B #p% ppd p $ ##7p#rpv%#s$ %pBp{ 5p p$BBu

B

& (r

u

Then,

P = I E = (12 A)(36 V) = 432 W

F

I=

If,

E R

I=

P =

=

E R

36 V 3

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- Engineering - (ebook - PDF) - Lessons in Electronic Circuits I - DC