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© Copyright 2009 ABB. All rights reserved. - 1 -04/21/23
Development and testing of 1100 kV GIS
HOLAUS Walter, RIECHERT Uwe, SOLOGUREN Diego, KRÜSI Urs
ABB Switzerland Ltd.
IEC/CIGRE UHV Symposium, New Dehli 29.-30.01.2009
ELK-5 equipment at ”Jingmen” substation
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Dr. HOLAUS Walter
Development of UHV GIS: Environment
Only a few potential markets worldwide e.g. China, India, .. Huge development effort for a limited number of customers
Chinese market supplied by local suppliers
International standards (so far) do not cover 1100 kV AC Development is based on customer specification
Limited possibilities to test 1100 kV GIS equipment Only a few test labs worldwide are equipped for UHV testing
Test items and test poles tend to be huge -> transport & space limitations
Rated power of one UHV GIS bay is 6‘9 GW Robustness is key factor for UHV GIS and other components
Substation layouts to support high availability
ABB finished UHV GIS development and type testing in 2008 Equipment assembled by Xian Shiky in China
Equipment is installed and in operation at “Jingmen” substation
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ELK-5 GIS: Main ratings
Um 1100 kV System Voltage 1000 kV Rated lightning impulse withstand level 2400 kV Rated short-duration pfwv to ground 1100 kV, 1 min Rated short-duration pfwv across isol. distance 1100 + 635 kV Rated lightning impulse wv. across open gap 2400 + 900 kV Rated switching impulse wv. to ground 1800 kV Rated switching impulse wv. across open gap 1675 + 900 kV Rated frequency 50 Hz Rated normal current for feeder circuits 4000 A Rated normal current for main busbar circuits 8000 A Rated short time withstand current 50 kA, 3s Rated peak withstand current 125 kA Partial discharge level of each GIS component <3pC at Um/3
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Layout proposal for Hybrid GIS, 2 CB layout
18.5 m
DES
CT
CB
Closing resistorCB drive
Top view 1 phase:
BB1
BB2
Exit
15 m
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Layout characteristics
All GIS equipment close to floor level
“Hook” shape compensates elongations
All drives placed within 1.5 m height
Density sensors close to floor level
No platforms required for GIS installation
CB drive and CB tank can be removed without disassembling other GIS parts
Only small steel structures required
Biggest transport unit less than 8 tons
Most spacers are arranged vertically
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Design of 1100 kV circuit breaker
Circuit breaker: 4 interrupters
Closing resistorCO switch
Drive
Linkage
9300 mm
CB
Switch R
Existing interrupting units applied
4 interrupter units connected in series,
A high-speed switch for closing resistor
One drive operating interrupters and switch
Closing resistor in separate tank as an option
Overall weight: 7.5 tons
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Drive energy for 1100 kV circuit breaker
aTarc
iiOdrive Eiti
gapmmE 100
2
min,0, 2
1
Calculation of drive energy
4 interrupting units connected in series require the least drive energy for 1100 kV
Using less interrupting units increases opening speed and drive energy demand
Result
i1
Circuit breaker
i2 i3 ix
Drive
Min. distance: 370 mmMin. arcing time 10 ms
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8# of int.units
[J]
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
[m/s]
Opening speed
Drive Energy requirement for O
Drive Energy requirement for O-CO
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Thermal dimensioning of closing resistor
2 x Phase opposition within 30 min,
11 ms pre-insertion each
Resistance value: 560 Ohm at 20°C
Starting temperature 50 °C
Cooling time constant: 3000 s
Example: Assumptions for simulation
Resistance value changes due to Temperature Voltage
Dissipated Energy 91.7 MJ
Temperature rise 120.3 °K
Max temp of resistor discs 170.3 °C
Results for this simulation
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04350
400
450
500
550
Time (s)R
esis
tanc
e (O
hm) Resistance (Ohm)
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.040
50
100
Time (s)
Ene
rgy
(MJ)
Energy (MJ)
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.040
50
100
150
Time (s)
Tem
pera
ture
ris
e (°
K)
DeltaT (°K)
Cooling during 30 min
First PO insertion Second PO insertion
Resistance Ohm
Energy MJ
Temperature K
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Size comparison ABB circuit breaker & drive
300 kV
550 kV
550 kV with closing resistor
1100 kV with closing resistor
Closing resistorCO switch
1 interrupter
Linkage
2 interrupters
2 interrupters + closing resistor
4 interrupters
HMB 4
HMB 8
HMB 8
HMB 16
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Dr. HOLAUS Walter
Size comparison ABB circuit breaker & drive
300 kV
550 kV
550 kV with closing resistor
1 interrupter
2 interrupters
2 interrupters + closing resistor
HMB 4
HMB 8
HMB 8
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Voltage grading along the 4 interrupters
Voltage grading capacitance Inner: CP=2.5 nF, Outer: CP=2.7 nF
Stray capacitance: CE=75.5 pF AC 50 Hz calculations Voltage grading factor: 1.056
Simulation circuit
Series resistance: 25 Ohm Inductance: 500 nH Using worst-case
assumptions for tolerances Specific calculations required
for half-pole testing
Static calculations
Dynamic voltage distribution
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Dielectric Type Tests
Lightning impulse voltage Overshoot of 7 – 10 %
Combined voltages Overcoupling of 20 %
PD measurement Background noise level of 7 pC
at 1000 kV Non-conventional PD
measurement methods (UHF)UHV PD Sensor 1
UHV PD Sensor 2
UHV PD Sensor 3UHV PD
Sensor 4
AC: 1100 kV, 1 min
AC-AC: 1100 + 635 kV
LI-AC: 2400 + 900 kV
SI: 1800 kV
SI-AC 1675 + 900 kV
Specific remarks
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Power tests on UHV Circuit breaker Breaking and switching tests at
XIHARI lab as half-pole tests Two interrupters under test
The other two breaks act as auxiliary breaker.
T100a and T100s additionally as full-pole tests TRV voltages at both sides of
the circuit breaker
The enclosure was connected to one side TRV
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Examples: TRV’s from power testing
T100a
Major loop
Half pole test
T100a (half pole test major loop)
-600
-400
-200
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
N080293Requirement
RRRV = 1.2
Voltage
Time [ms]
T60 (half pole test)
-1000
-800
-600
-400
-200
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
N080427Requirement
RRRV = 2.2
Voltage
Time [ms]
T60a
Half pole test
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Making Tests T100s(a) Laboratories have synthetic making
circuits capable to ignite 550 kV CB For longest pre-striking arc in the
1100 kV breaker, SF6 pressure was reduced to 0.2 MPa
The pre-arcing time of the 1100 kV circuit breaker with four breaks was similar to the pre-arcing time of a 550 kV circuit breaker with two breaks of the same design.
Advantages by reducing pressure Simple measure to perform a
making test without having the full making voltage available.
Multiple making operations without disassembly
Correct mechanical forces for the drive
Correct pre-arcing distance
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Design of TV5 disconnector
Designed as 90 ° angle disconnector
Existing DES drive from ABB 550 kV applied
No linkage between the three phases
No VFT resistor applied VFT calculations show, that VFT resistor is
not required. VFT levels remain below 2.2 pu.
BIL levels is 2.6 pu. This provides margins for VFT stress.
Enclosure as welded construction
Contact area optimized for improved bus transfer switching capability
Earthing switch as an option
Simple design with small number of parts
Antrieb
FestkontaktBewegter Kontakt
Isolator Isolator
Drive
Moving contact Fixed contact
Insulator Insulator
Active parts of disconnector
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UHV Disconnector switching tests at STRI lab
TD1, TD2, TD3 tests performed
Huge effort for testing Max. VFT peaks of
2.23 pu measured Confirmed simulations
Average arcing time 280 ms at TD2
Test set-up for disconnector switching tests in STRI, Ludvika, Sweden Test circuit TD2
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Conclusions UHV GIS equipment rated 1100 kV, 4/8 kA, 50 kA has been designed
and fully type tested
Design of the UHV GIS components has been done for optimum layouts and flexibility in GIS or hybrid GIS substations
Energization done in 12/2008 at Jingmen substation in China
Although test laboratories have invested in facilities for testing at UHV voltage levels, type testing remains a very challenging task