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© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary
Intelligent Optical Networking for Flexible Ethernet Lightpath Delivery in Research Networks
TERENA 2007, Session 4B
Dr John-Paul Hemingway
Office of the CTO, Ciena
22nd May 2007
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 2
Agenda
Flexible Light Paths– What do we mean?
Single Domain Networking
UltrascienceNet Application Example
Multi Domain Interworking
Future Directions
OTN Networking
Connection Oriented Ethernet Networking
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 3
SDH / IP/ Ethernet
Research NetworksThe Need for Flexible Lightpaths
Connectivity Requirements
Guaranteed Deterministic Bandwidth (10s Mbps – 10Gbps+)
Scheduled-Demand Bandwidth; Hours, Days, Weeks
Low Latency
Data Replication
Multi-site correlation
High Availability
Data Collection Data Crunching Data Storage
Scarce Resources
Mulitple Communities of Interest
10Gb
200Mb
10Mb1Gb (FC)
500Mb
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 4
MPLS
Research NetworksGlobalisation is a reality
Global, Multi-Domain Connectivity
Service definition across Protocol boundaries
Service Creation across domains
Network Element Interworking functions
Data Collection Data Crunching Data Storage
10Gb
200Mb10Mb
SDH SONET
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 5
Domain Control Plane Technologies
SDH/SONET
IP
Ethernet
WDM/Optical
Converged Ethernet-TDM
CIRCUIT SWITCHED
• Deterministic
• Guaranteed Bandwidth
• High Availability
GMPLS/ASON
PACKET SWITCHED
• Granular Bandwidth
• Bandwidth Sharing
• Statistical Multiplexing
MPLS - GMPLS
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 6
Example Switched Network InfrastructureUltraScience Net (USN)
4-Node Switched Network using Ciena CoreDirector CI
Parallel OC-192 SONET links
Alternate Path over MPLS
Excellent Testbed Facility
Looped SONET XC to increase effective Transmission Length
Comparison of IP performance over EthoTDM and EthoMPLS
E2E VLAN Testing over EthoTDM and EthoMPLS
Scripted B/W reservationCourtesy of Nageswara S. Rao, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 7
UltraScience Net (USN)
1GbE mapped into OC-12c
Infiniband Storage protocol mapped from IB Switch into OC-12c
OC-12c cross-connected into mulitple loops
Longest effective length of 34400 miles (Around the Earth once)
Without performance degradation of GbE
Infiniband over 8600 miles
Effective flat throughput compared to back-back
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 8
Multi-Domain Control PlanesKey Points:
Two Main Options within the Standards Bodies
GMPLS (IETF)
ASON (ITU-T and OIF extensions)
Challenges
Nodal Interworking
Scalability
Security & Policy
R&E Network A
NE NE
R&E Network B
NE NE
R&E Network C
NE NE
ClientDevice
ClientDevice
Global Networking
ClientDevice
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 9
ITU-T ASON Control Plane ModelKey Points:
Multiple Domains within a network
Common UNI and E-NNI border interfaces
Flexibility to establish domain boundaries
Policy control over the interfaces between domains
R&E Network A
NE NE
R&E Network B
NE NE
R&E Network C
NE NE
ClientDevice
ClientDevice
Global Networking
ClientDevice
UNI E-NNI UNI
E-NNI
UNI
E-NNI
I-NNI
I-NNI
I-NNI
R&E Network A
NE NE
R&E Network B
NE NE
R&E Network C
NE NE
ClientDevice
ClientDevice
ClientDevice
UNI E-NNI UNI
E-NNI
UNI
E-NNI
OTN
SDH
SONET
Domain GMPLS Virtual Node
ASON and GMPLS control planes can work together
GMPLS virtualized networks
E.g. DRAGON
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 10
OIF
E-NNI Routing 1.0 Approved Jan’07
OSPF extensions for ASON
UNI 2.0 in progress
adds Ethernet, Connection Modification and G.709 support
E-NNI 2.0 progressing in parallel
ITU-T
Signaling Specifications Stable
Routing extensions planned
Will be done jointly with OIF and IETF work on OSPF
ASON management work in progress
G.7718.1 object model (Dec’06)
G.7716 control plane initialization
Standards Are Still MaturingIETF
Basic Specifications Stable
RFCs for basic signaling and routing for GMPLS
Some extensions in progress
Joint work on OSPF extensions with OIF and IETF members
Other work includes MPLS-GMPLS integration, control of Ethernet and PBB-TE, and Inter-domain signaling and routing
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 11© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary
Control Plane Future Directions
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 12
WDM is now an unmanaged network “Server” to many transport “Clients” (which now includes SONET/SDH)
Evolution of the Client-Server Network
WDM
Alien Wavelengths
FC
ESCON
IP
IP
Ethernet
Ethernet
IPIPTDMVoice
TDMPL
ATM
SONET/SDH
SONET/SDH is Managed Transport “Server” layer for existing service “clients”
WDM augments SONET/SDH capacity
IP builds over WDM
… so does Ethernet
… and ESCON, FC, services
Animated Slide
OTN
OTN provides the necessary Managed Transparent Service for all Transport Clients
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 13
Emergence of Connection Oriented Ethernet Driven by Demand for packet focused replacement of SDH
Robust as SDH
Less Complex than MPLS
Less Costly than either
Connection oriented for deterministic B/W
Disable MAC learning, Broadcast Unknown, STP
Explicit Paths and CAC for guaranteed QoS and Restoration
High Availability
Transparent L2 Aggregation
Mux Efficiency
WDM
Alien Wavelengths
FC
ESCON
IP
IP
COE*
Ethernet
IPIPTDMVoice
TDMPL
ATM
SONET/SDH
OTN
*COE: Connection-oriented Ethernet
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 14
Optical Transport Network (OTN)ITU Standards G.709 “Digital Wrapper”, G.872, G.873.1
Defines line/muxing rates, Optical Transport Unit (OTU)
ODU-1/2/3 payload in OTU-1/2/3 = 2.5/2.7Gbps, 10/10.7Gbps, 40/43.0Gbps
OTU-2 supports 10GbE LAN PHY (Extensions to include Preamble, Over-clocked for IFG)
OTN & SONET/SDH share same foundation
Similar framing with addition of OTN FEC
Powerful OA&M capabilities (GCC0 akin to DCC)
Asynchronous and Transparent
Services with different clock sources integrated side-by-side
Secure; Client OAM channels maintained
Overheadfor
OA&M
Traffic Payload
ForwardError
CorrectionODU
FAS OTUOPU
Client Payload FEC
1
2
3
4
1 7 8 14 15 16 17 3824 3825 4080
1
2
3
4
1 7 8 14 15 16 17 3824 3825 4080FAS: Frame Alignment SignalOTU: Optical Transport UnitODU: Optical Data UnitOPU: Optical Payload Unit
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 15
Extension of Control Plane to OTN
OTN Electrical Signals
OPVC, ODU1, ODU2
Similar to SONET/SDH
Overhead bytes for monitoring, alarms, signaling (GCC)
Extension of control plane should be straight-forward
UNI-2.0 incorporating G.709 Interface definitions
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 16
Emerging COE Implementations
Two data plane implementation efforts are in progress
Ethernet-based: PBB-TE (Being defined by IEEE 802.1ah)
MPLS-based: T-MPLS (Being defined by ITU G.8110)
PBB-TE and T-MPLS are addressing the same problem in different ways and promise to provide roughly equivalent results
PBB-TE is providing connection-oriented, deterministic behavior to Ethernet
T-MPLS is integrating packet transport into transport equipment
Currently no clear “winner”
PBB-TE plans have been publicized by BT
T-MPLS standards are advancing in ITUPBB-TE T-MPLS
?
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 17
T-MPLS“Transport – Multi-Protocol Label Switching”
T-MPLS is a “carrier-grade” packet transport protocol
Operated by Transport Layer Equipment (not Routers)
Architecture Standardized in ITU G.8110
Connection-oriented subset of IETF’s IP/MPLS
Any packet type supported (in principle)
Current focus on Ethernet
Consistent with existing transport networks
Convergence focus with OTN/WDM and SONET/SDH
Integration of packet transport requirements into existing transport promises lower cost
Avoid cost associated with IP routing
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 19
PBB-TE“Provider Backbone Bridging with Traffic Engineering”
PBB-TE is a connection-oriented enhancement to Ethernet
Based on IEEE’s “Provider Backbone Bridging” standard 802.1ah
PBB Mac-in-Mac approach segregates provider networking domain from end users
Transparent client connectivity
Packet forwarding is consistent with existing Ethernet switching equipment
VLAN and Destination MAC Address
Aligns with high growth in Ethernet services
Use of existing Ethernet technology for transport promises lower cost
Avoid cost associated with IP routing
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 20
PBB-TE differences from Ethernet
Predictable & deterministic Connection-oriented behavior
Switch off bridging, broadcast and STP on per VLAN basis
“Static” forwarding & connection provisioning
OSS-driven traffic and bandwidth management (incl. call admission control)
Unique, Traceable & Scalable Address Space
Source MAC Address + Destination MAC Address + VLAN ID
16 million (theoretically)
New Ethernet OAM
Connectivity Fault Management: 802.1ag/Y.1731
Performance Management: Y.1731/MEF10
New Ethernet service protection
Ethernet 1+1/1:1 Automatic Protection Switching: G.8031
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 21
Extension of Control Plane to PBB-TE
G.ASON/GMPLS control plane is directly applicable to PBB-TE
Connection-oriented, point-to-point
ietf draft-fedyk-gmpls-ethernet-pbt-00.txt
GELS – GMPLS controlled Ethernet Label Switching
Network Scaling Not a Big Concern
Influenced by number of links in network not number of connections
Connection Restoration May be Challenged
PBB-TE has potentially a lot more connections to process than SDH/SONET
Speed is influenced by number of connections requiring simultaneous restoration
10G SONET OC192 link / 51Mbps per connection =< 192 connections per link
10G PBB-TE 10GE link / 1Mbps per connection =< 10,000 connections per link
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 22
PBB-TE Tunnel Connection Setup
Distributed Database of PBB-TE connection attributes
Includes home, actual and diverse route information
ASON/GMPLS signaling
Signaled tunnel creation from OSS
Update forwarding tables after path confirmation
PBBTEDB
PBBTEDB
PBBTEDB
Creation
CACSETUP
CAC
(PROCEEDING)
CAC
SETUP
Update Fwd Table(PROCEEDING)
CONNECT
CONNECT
Home, actual & diverse route connection
attributes state information
Update Fwd Table
Update Fwd Table
Connection attributes state
information
Connection attributes state
information
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 23
Summary
Dynamic Lightpaths achievable through control plane networks
Circuit Switched networks provide robust infrastructure (USN)
Interoperation possible though ASON/GMPLS
Future Directions for Control Plane Networks
OTN for multi-service networks
COE for Ethernet focussed networks
GASON/GMPLS look applicable for both
© Ciena Confidential and Proprietary 24
Thank-youQuestions?