政府統計處 Census and Statistics Department Introduction to Statistical Work

政府統計處Census and Statistics Department

Introduction to Statistical Work


The Statistical Process

AdministrativeRecords

Statistical Tables

and Reports

Raw Data

Analysis and Interpretation

Data Processing(editing, coding,

tabulation, computation)

Statistics

Application

Questionnaires Used in Surveys

SpecialReturns


Raw Data

Raw data are information supplied by persons, households, business undertakings or various kinds of organizations from which statistics are compiled.

Raw data can come from three sources: Administrative Records Special Returns Questionnaires used in Surveys


Difference betweenRaw Data and Statistics

We should distinguish raw data from statistics, though raw data can also be numerical figures. Statistics are information derived or summarised from raw data.e.g. incomes of individual households are ra

w data whereas the average household income derived from the former is a "statistic".


Data Collection

Methods of data collection for surveys include:Self administered questionnaires by mailPersonal interviewsTelephone interviewsComputer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI)

Very often, mixed modes of data collection can be used.

An appropriate mode should be selected by carefully considering respondents' willingness to co-operate, the degree of complexity of the subject of enquiry and other relevant factors.


Computer-Assisted TelephoneInterviewing (CATI)

Computer performs auto-scheduling and auto-dialing of assignments for the enumerators.

During interview, the enumerator can directly input data into the system which immediately performs validation checks and prompts him/her for verification of exceptional cases.

The technique is extensively used in the Quarterly Survey of Employment and Vacancies and the General Household Survey.


Concepts and Definitions usedin Statistical Measures

Clear definitions are essential for translating concepts into measurable quantities (i.e. statistical measures).

This ensures that statistics compiled can be understood uniformly by data users and valid analysis can be made.


Some Common Concepts and Definitions used in Statistical Measures

Definition of HouseholdA household consists of a group of persons

who live together and make common provision for essentials for living. These persons are not necessarily related to each other.

A household is therefore not necessarily a family.

Sometimes members of a family may live apart and the members then belong to different households.



Definition of EstablishmentAn establishment is defined as "a unit

engaged in the production of goods or services under a single ownership or control, in one or predominately one kind of economic activity and at a single physical location", e.g. an individual factory, a retail shop and a restaurant.• A bank has 100 branches at different locations.

These branches are counted as 100 establishments although only one company is involved.



Definitions on Economic Activity Status Employed Population

Persons aged 15 and over who have been at work for pay or profit during the seven days before enumeration or who have had formal job attachment.



Definitions on Economic Activity Status (Cont’d)Unemployed Population

Persons aged 15 and over who• have not had a job and have not performed any

work for pay or profit during the seven days before enumeration; and

• Have been available for work during the seven days before enumeration; and

• have sought work during the thirty days before enumeration



Definitions on Economic Activity Status (Cont’d)Economically Inactive Population

• Persons who have not had a job and have not been at work during the seven days before enumeration other than those unemployed

• Including for example home-makers and retired persons who are neither employed nor unemployed, and all persons aged below 15.



Definition of IndustryIndustry sector refers to the type of business

that an establishment belongs to.In Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Standard Indu

strial Classification (HSIC) Version 1.1 is adopted.

The HSIC is modelled on the United Nations’ International Standard Industrial Classification (Revision 2).



Definition of Industry (Cont’d)The major industry sectors are :

• Manufacturing• Construction• Wholesale, retail and import/export trades,

restaurants and hotels• Transport, storage and communications• Financing, insurance, real estate and business

services• Community, social and personal services



Definition of OccupationOccupation refers to the kind of work a pers

on performs.The occupational classification used in Hong

Kong is based on the International Labour Organization’s International Standard Classification of Occupations with local adaptation.



Definition of Occupation (Cont’d)The major occupational groups include:

• Managers and administrators• Professionals• Associate professionals• Clerks• Service workers and shop sales workers• Craft and related workers• Plant and machine operators and assemblers• Elementary occupations



Industry vs. Occupation

A clerk working for a bus company is counted under the “transport, storage and communications sector” (industry). In terms of occupation, he belongs to the category of “clerks” (occupation).

Documents

政府統計處 Census and Statistics Department Introduction to Statistical Work