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Trum
pets
(Ros
h Ha
shan
nah)
= Ann
ual S
abba
thW
hen:
1st d
ay 7t
h m
onth
, Tish
ri
Use o
f Sho
far/
Silv
er T
rum
pets
1. to
sum
mon
cong
rega
tion
2. fo
r cam
ps to
set o
ut3.
for c
onve
ning
the a
ssem
bly
4. fo
r war
5. ov
er b
urnt
& p
eace
offe
rings
6. in
day
of y
our g
ladne
ss, a
ppoi
nted
fe
asts
and
first
day
s of J
ubile
e yea
r7.
at st
art o
f Jub
ilee y
ear
8. du
ring
coro
natio
n se
rvice
for n
ew ki
ng9.
sign
of re
-gat
herin
g of
the d
isper
sed
(Gre
at tr
umpe
t) (I
s 27:
13)
10. a
rriva
l of M
essia
h fo
r war
(Zec
h 9:
14)
11. f
inal
re-g
athe
ring
of th
e elec
t (Gr
eat
Trum
pet)
(Is 27
:13;
Mt 2
4:31
)12
. pro
claim
the R
esur
rect
ion
of th
e dea
d –
last t
rum
p (1
Th 4:
11-1
7; 1C
or 15
:51-
54)
Wha
t:1/
rest
2/ re
min
der
3/ ho
ly co
nvoc
atio
n no
wor
k, of
ferin
gsSh
ofar
sym
bolic
of:
1. sh
ape
curv
ed2.
soun
d –b
roke
n, se
ries o
f ‘st
acca
to’
blas
ts3.
purp
ose t
o aw
aken
& in
spire
ever
yone
to
rem
embe
r the
ir Cr
eato
r, fo
rsak
e evil
wa
ys &
retu
rn to
God
4 diff
eren
t sou
nds
1. te
kiah
2. sh
evar
im3.
teru
ah4.
tekia
hge
dolah
Cop
yrig
ht ©
Jeff
rey
Loh
200
52T
im2-
2.co
m
•Mt 2
4:36;
Mark
13:32
10. Y
om H
akes
eh=
The H
idden
Day
(1 C
or15
:52; R
ev 11
:15)
9. Re
surre
ction
of th
e dea
d
•Rev
19:1-
98.
The W
eddin
g of th
e Mes
siah
a. br
ide se
lected
by gr
oom’
s fath
er (G
en 24
)b.
bride
price
settle
d (1 P
et 1:1
8-19
; 1 C
or6:2
0)c.
bride
+ gr
oom
betro
thed =
KID
DUSH
IN O
T-Je
r2:2;
Hos
2:19-
20d.
writte
n doc
umen
t dra
wn up
= K
ETUB
AH N
T –2
Cor
11:2-
3e.
bride
mus
t give
her c
onse
nt (E
x 24:3
–Isr
ael; R
om 10
:8-10
NT)
f. brid
e give
n gifts
& cu
p of th
e cov
enan
t sha
red b
/w br
ide &
groo
m (H
oly S
pirit,
belie
ver,
etern
al life
, gra
ce, fa
ith…
)g.
bride
had a
mikv
ah=>
sepa
ratio
n fro
m for
mer w
ay to
a ne
w wa
y (sp
iritua
l rebir
th –J
n3:1-
7)h.
groo
m de
parts
, pre
pare
s brid
al ch
ambe
r (Jn
14:1-
3)i. b
ride c
onse
crated
& se
t apa
rt for
a tim
e; ha
d to b
e rea
dyat
all tim
es (M
t 25:1
-13)
for
groo
m’s r
eturn
j. gro
om re
turns
with
a sh
out, “
Beho
ld, th
e brid
egro
om co
mes”
& sh
ofaris
blow
n –us
ually
at
midn
ight (
Mt 25
:6; 1T
h 4:16
-17)
k. gr
oom
abdu
cts br
ide; m
arria
ge ta
kes p
lace u
nder
chup
pah;
then b
ride &
groo
m lift
ed up
and
carri
ed ar
ound
on sh
oulde
rs of
men.
l. brid
e & gr
oom
in ch
upah
while
frien
d of th
e gro
om w
aits o
utside
to an
noun
ce co
nsum
matio
n &
grea
t rejo
icing
brea
ks ou
t amo
ng gu
ests
•Joe
l 2:32
; Acts
2:21
7.
Open
ing of
the G
ates
•Rev
12:1-
2, Ze
ch 13
:8-9;
Is 13
:6-8
•b. Is
. 66:8
is a
birth
after
trav
ail
(2nd
Com
ing of
Chr
ist, D
an 12
:1; Z
ech 1
4:4)
6. Tim
e for
Jaco
b’s T
roub
le (Je
r30:4
-7)
a. Is
66:7
is a b
irth be
fore t
rava
il (1s
t Com
ing of
Chr
ist)
•Dan
7:9-
10•R
om 14
:10; 2
Cor
5:10
; 1 C
or 3:
9-15
5. Yo
m Ha
Zikka
ron:
The D
ay of
Rem
embr
ance
(Lev
23:24
)a.
God r
emem
bers
us (M
al 3:1
6-18
)b.
We m
ust r
emem
ber G
od (D
t8:18
)
4. Da
n 7:13
-14 Ps
2:6-
7; Ze
ch 9:
9; Jn
1:47-
49Ma
tt 22:4
4; Ps
110:1
; Dan
7:9-
14Ps
47Is
66:23
; Zec
h 14:1
6-17
4.Ha
Melec
h= T
he C
oron
ation
of th
e King
a. giv
ing of
the d
ecre
eb.
cere
mony
of ta
king t
he th
rone
c. ac
clama
tion
d. su
bjects
visit
king
to re
ceive
their
comm
ission
3. Da
n 7:9-
103.
Yom
Ha D
in =
The D
ay of
Judg
ment
7thmo
nth =
Dan
= ju
dged
Zodia
c sign
= sc
ales
2. Te
ruah
= sh
out (
Is 12
:5; 44
:23; J
er31
:7, Z
eph3
:14) -
1Th
4:16-
17, E
ph 5:
14 -
2nd c
oming
of C
hrist
2. Yo
m Te
ruah
= Th
e day
of th
e Awa
kenin
g Blas
t (Ps
98:6;
89:75
) –Z
ech 9
:9 –1
st co
ming
of C
hrist
1. Cr
eatio
n of N
ew H
eave
ns &
earth
(?)
y r
f t
B a ←
t y f
a r
BBe
resh
ith–A
v Tish
ri1.
Birth
day o
f the y
ear
–ann
iversa
ry of
creati
on of
old e
arth
Futu
re S
igni
fican
ceSi
gnifi
canc
e
Cop
yrig
ht ©
Jeff
rey
Loh
200
52T
im2-
2.co
m
THE
DAY
S O
F A
WE:
AR
CHIT
ECTU
RE
IN T
IME
The g
reat
Jewi
sh th
inker
Abr
aham
Josh
ua H
esch
elch
arac
terize
d Jud
aism
as th
e art
of ar
chite
cture
in tim
e. He
calle
d Sha
bbat
and t
he
other
holy
days
our c
athed
rals
-the
sanc
tuarie
s we e
nter t
o step
out o
f time
. Ha-
Yami
mha
-Nor
a'im
-The
Day
s of A
we -
cons
titute
one
such
stru
cture
. Her
e are
a few
impo
rtant
aspe
cts of
its ar
chite
cture
.Se
licho
t:A
spirit
ual w
arm-
up fo
r the
penit
entia
l sea
son.
The S
elich
otse
rvice
inclu
des r
eflec
tions
on hu
man l
ife an
d divi
ne m
ercy
, peti
tions
for
relie
f from
suffe
ring a
nd pe
rsecu
tion,
confe
ssion
s of s
in an
d plea
s for
forg
ivene
ss. H
eld on
a Sa
turda
y nigh
t prio
r to R
osh H
aSha
na, it
int
rodu
ces u
s to s
ome o
f the s
tirring
melo
dies o
f the s
easo
n and
helps
us to
focu
s on t
he br
eatht
aking
spirit
ual c
halle
nges
and
oppo
rtunit
ies of
the c
oming
days
.Ro
sh H
aSha
na: T
he N
ew Y
ear is
the b
eginn
ing of
Ase
retY
emei
Tesh
uva,
the T
en D
ays o
f Rep
entan
ce. It
reas
sure
s us t
hat a
new
begin
ning i
s pos
sible
if only
we w
ill re
turn t
o God
, to on
e ano
ther a
nd to
our o
wn tr
ue se
lves.
The s
hofar
calls
us to
do te
shuv
a(re
turn,
repe
ntanc
e) an
d rem
inds u
s of th
e sac
rifice
s our
forb
ears
were
calle
d upo
n to m
ake.
Also
see t
he U
AHC
web p
age.
Tash
likh:
We s
tand a
t a bo
dy of
wate
r and
symb
olica
lly "c
ast a
way"
our s
ins by
thro
wing
brea
d cru
mbs i
nto th
e wate
r as a
conc
rete
gestu
re of
our d
esire
to rid
ourse
lves o
f wha
tever
in us
is un
worth
y. Th
e ritu
al is
acco
mpan
ied by
pray
er an
d son
g and
appe
als es
pecia
lly
to ch
ildre
n and
to th
e chil
d in e
ach o
f us.
Shab
bat S
huva
/The
Sha
bbat
of R
etur
n: T
he S
habb
at be
twee
n Ros
h HaS
hana
and Y
om K
ippur
is na
med f
or th
e spe
cial H
aftar
area
ding
from
the pr
ophe
t Hos
ea (1
4:2-1
0), "
Retur
n, O
Israe
l, to t
he Lo
rd yo
ur G
od....
"Ko
lNid
re: I
t is an
ancie
nt Ar
amaic
form
ula fo
r the
relea
se of
vows
, but
itis t
he ha
untin
g melo
dy of
Kol
Nidr
etha
t stirs
our h
earts
as it
eras
es th
e bou
nds o
f time
and s
pace
. We r
emem
ber lo
ved o
nes w
ho on
ce st
ood w
ith us
, you
thful
ideals
, dre
ams r
ealiz
ed, d
ream
s re
linqu
ished
-wh
at wa
s it a
gain
that o
ur liv
es w
ere s
uppo
sed t
o be a
bout?
Kol
Nidr
ebeg
ins a
twen
ty-fou
r-hou
r pro
cess
of br
eakin
g dow
n ou
r defe
nses
and m
aking
us vu
lnera
ble en
ough
and b
rave
enou
gh to
see o
urse
lves a
s God
sees
us.
Avod
aand
Mar
tyro
logy
:The
Yom
Kipp
ur A
ftern
oon S
ervic
econ
tains
two p
ieces
that
are i
n som
e way
s the
crow
ning a
chiev
emen
t of o
ur
mach
zor,
Gates
of R
epen
tance
. Firs
t, the
Avo
daritu
al ce
lebra
tes th
e pag
eantr
y of th
e Yom
Kipp
ur se
rvice
as pe
rform
ed by
the H
igh P
riest
in the
ancie
nt Te
mple
in Je
rusa
lem. T
hen
the M
artyr
ology
, whic
h tak
es its
name
from
a leg
end a
bout
the ex
ecuti
on of
ten o
f our
grea
t sa
ges b
y the
Rom
ans i
n the
seco
nd ce
ntury,
pres
ents
a can
vas o
n whic
h is p
ainted
the e
ntire
swee
p of J
ewish
histo
ry an
d myth
from
Cr
eatio
n to o
ur ow
n day
and b
eyon
d to t
he da
y whe
n "Al
l the W
orld
Shall
Com
e to S
erve
You
."Yi
zkor
: In G
od's
etern
ity ou
r love
d one
s nev
er di
e. Du
ring Y
izkor
they a
re w
ith us
once
again
, to co
nsole
and e
ncou
rage
us as
we s
trugg
le to
put o
ur liv
es in
orde
r on t
his da
y. W
e spe
ak to
them
in ou
r hea
rts ev
en as
we s
peak
alou
d ou
r gra
titude
to th
e One
who
is P
aren
t to
orph
ans,
Comp
anion
to w
idows
and w
idowe
rs, an
d Con
soler
of th
e ber
eave
d.Ne
'ila: N
e'ila
-the
clos
ing of
the g
ates -
is the
servi
ce of
Yom
Kipp
ur an
d the
offic
ial co
nclus
ion of
theT
en D
ays o
f Rep
entan
ce. F
amilie
s re
turn t
o the
syna
gogu
e with
their
child
ren t
o hea
r the
final
blast
of the
Sho
faran
d to j
oin ha
nds a
nd he
arts
with
one a
nothe
r for
the
Havd
alatha
t mar
ks ou
r retu
rn to
the w
orld
of tim
e and
spac
e in w
hich w
e mak
e rea
l our
good
inten
tions
.C
opyr
ight
©Je
ffre
y L
oh 2
005
2Tim
2-2.
com
Rosh
Has
hana
has
we k
now
is th
e “hi
dden
day
”or i
n He
brew
“Yom
Te
ruah
”, th
e day
of w
hich
Jesu
s say
s, “n
o on
e kno
ws,...
not
even
the
Son”
. Gr
eg K
illian
http:
//mem
bers.
aol.c
om/gk
illi/ho
meIn
trodu
ctio
nIn
the sc
riptur
es it
is kn
own a
s Yom
Ter
uah,
howe
ver,
most
of us
know
it as
Ros
h Ha
shan
ah or
the F
east
of Tr
umpe
ts. Y
om T
erua
his
the “D
ay of
Ju
dgme
nt”,a
lso th
e Fea
st of
trump
ets an
d bec
ause
it oc
curs
on th
e firs
t day
of
the m
onth,
it is
by de
finitio
n also
a Ro
sh C
hode
sh, a
new
moon
.Be
caus
e all n
ew m
oons
are s
ancti
fied b
y the
San
hedr
in on
the b
asis
of the
tes
timon
y of tw
o witn
esse
s, Ha
Shem
(HaS
hem
is a H
ebre
w wo
rd m
eanin
g “T
he N
ame”
, it is
how
pious
Jews
refer
to th
e Nam
e of G
od, y
od-h
ay-v
av-h
ay,
the te
tragr
amm
aton
, YHW
H), a
nd al
l His
hosts
, mus
t liter
ally w
ait up
to
twen
ty-fou
r hou
rs, fo
r men
to sa
nctify
the n
ew m
oon b
efore
He c
an co
me an
d jud
ge us
.TH
E SA
NCTI
FICA
TION
OF
THE
NEW
MOO
NOr
igina
lly, th
e New
Moo
n was
not fi
xed b
y astr
onom
ical c
alcula
tions
, but
was s
olemn
ly pr
oclai
med a
fter w
itnes
ses h
ad te
stifie
d to t
he re
appe
aran
ce of
the
cres
cent
of the
moo
n. On
the 3
0th of
each
mon
th, th
e mem
bers
of the
High
Co
urt (
Bet D
in) as
semb
led in
a co
urtya
rd in
Jeru
salem
, nam
ed B
eitYa
’azek
, wh
ere t
hey w
aited
to re
ceive
the t
estim
ony o
f two r
eliab
le wi
tness
es; th
ey th
en
sanc
tified
the N
ew M
oon.
If the
moo
n’s cr
esce
nt wa
s not
seen
on th
e 30th
day,
the N
ew M
oon w
as au
tomati
cally
celeb
rated
on th
e 31s
t day
.Ac
cord
ing to
the T
almud
the w
itnes
ses w
ere e
nterta
ined l
avish
ly to
induc
e wi
tness
es to
come
forw
ard.
They
wer
e the
n tes
ted to
asce
rtain
that th
ey w
ere
true w
itnes
ses
•Ta
lmud
-Ma
s. Ro
sh H
aSha
na23
b: Mi
shna
h. Th
ere w
as a
large
cour
t in
Jeru
salem
calle
d Beth
Ya’a
zek.
Ther
e all t
he w
itnes
ses u
sed t
o ass
emble
and
the B
eth D
in us
ed to
exam
ine th
em. T
hey u
sed t
o ente
rtain
them
lavish
ly the
re
so th
at the
y sho
uld ha
ve an
indu
ceme
nt to
come
. Orig
inally
they
used
not to
lea
ve th
e plac
e the
who
le da
y, bu
t Rab
banG
amali
elthe
Elde
r intro
duce
d a
rule
that th
ey co
uld go
two t
hous
and c
ubits
from
it in
any d
irecti
on. T
hese
wer
e no
t the o
nly on
es [to
who
m thi
s con
cess
ion w
as m
ade].
A m
idwife
who
has
come
[from
a dis
tance
] to he
lp in
child
birth
or on
e who
come
s tor
escu
e fro
m a
fire or
from
band
its or
from
a riv
er in
flood
or fr
om a
build
ingtha
t has
falle
n in
—all
thes
e are
on th
e sam
e foo
ting a
s the
resid
ents
of the
town
,and
may
go
two t
hous
and c
ubits
[on s
abba
th] in
any d
irecti
on.
•Mi
shna
h-Ho
w do
they
test
the w
itnes
ses?
The
pair w
ho ar
rive f
irst a
re
tested
first.
The
senio
r of th
em is
brou
ght in
and t
hey s
ay to
him,
Tell
us ho
w yo
u saw
the m
oon –
in fro
nt of
the su
n or b
ehind
the s
un? t
o the
north
of it
or
the so
uth? H
ow bi
g was
it, an
d in w
hich d
irecti
on w
as it
inclin
ed? a
nd ho
w br
oad w
as it?
If he
says
[he s
aw it]
in fr
ont o
f the s
un, h
is ev
idenc
e is r
ejecte
d. Af
ter th
at the
y wou
ld br
ing in
the s
econ
d and
test
him. If
their
acco
unts
tallie
d, the
ir evid
ence
was
acce
pted,
and t
he ot
her p
airs w
ere o
nly qu
estio
ned b
riefly
, no
t bec
ause
they
wer
e req
uired
at al
l, but
so th
at the
y sho
uld no
t be
disap
point
ed, [a
nd] s
o tha
t they
shou
ld no
t be d
issua
ded f
rom
comi
ng.
The U
nique
ness
Of Y
om T
erua
h“It
’s A
Two-
Day O
ne-D
ay C
elebr
ation
”Yo
m Te
ruah
is the
only
festiv
al wh
ich ha
s an u
ncer
tain b
eginn
ing, s
ince t
he
first d
ay of
the m
onth,
Ros
h Cho
desh
(New
Moo
n), d
epen
ds on
sigh
ting o
f wi
tness
es to
the n
ew m
oon.
For t
his re
ason
, eve
n in I
srael
this f
estiv
al is
celeb
rated
for t
wo da
ys ca
lled “
yoma
arich
ta”(o
ne lo
ng da
y). T
hese
two d
ays
are c
elebr
ated a
s tho
ugh i
t is ju
st on
e lon
g day
of fo
rty-e
ight h
ours
(see a
lso
Nehe
miah
8:2-
3, 13
).Th
e rea
son t
hat w
e cele
brate
for t
wo da
ys is
beca
use i
f we w
aited
to st
art
our c
elebr
ation
until
after
the n
ew m
oon h
ad be
en sa
nctifi
ed, w
ewou
ld ha
ve
miss
ed ha
lf the
celeb
ratio
n bec
ause
the n
ew m
oon c
an on
ly be
sanc
tified
du
ring d
aylig
ht ho
urs,
(Ros
h HaS
hana
h3:1)
. Th
e new
moo
n is a
lso ve
ry dif
ficult
to se
e on t
he fir
st da
y bec
ause
it ca
n be
seen
only
abou
t sun
set, c
lose t
o the
sun,
when
the s
un is
trav
eling
north
. So,
lookin
g for
a ve
ry sli
m fai
nt cre
scen
t moo
n, wh
ich is
very
close
to the
sun,
is a
very
diffic
ult th
ing to
do.
Yom
Teru
ahfal
ls on
the f
irst d
ay of
the s
even
th mo
nth. B
y arra
ngem
ent o
f the
calen
dar it
cann
ot fal
l on S
unda
y, W
edne
sday
, or F
riday
. This
is to
prev
ent
Yom
HaKi
ppur
imfro
m fal
ling o
n the
first
or th
e sixt
h day
. Th
e firs
t day
begin
s a pe
riod o
f pen
itenc
e las
ting f
or te
n (10
) day
s, en
ding
with
Yom
HaKi
ppur
im(D
ay of
the A
tonem
ents)
. The
mon
th pr
eced
ing T
ishre
i, El
ul, ca
n be e
ither
“defe
ctive
”, tha
t is tw
enty-
nine d
ays l
ong,
or “f
ull”,
that is
thi
rty da
ys lo
ng.
Just
as ju
dgme
nt is
exec
uted b
y day
, so a
lso m
ust th
e san
ctific
ation
of th
e mo
nth ta
ke pl
ace b
y day
. All l
egal
judgm
ents
are a
nnou
nced
by da
y. Th
e Ra
bbis
taugh
t that
the he
aven
ly co
urt d
oes n
ot as
semb
le for
judg
ment
until
the
cour
t on e
arth
has s
ancti
fied t
he m
onth.
HaS
hem
waits
for m
en! (
Rosh
Ha
shan
ah 8a-b
)On
Yom
Ter
uahi
t is th
e duty
of G
od’s
peop
le to
recit
e: “T
his is
the d
ay H
aShe
mha
s mad
e; let
us r
ejoice
and b
e glad
in it”
(Psa
lm
118:2
4).
“Its A
ll-Inc
lusive
Sac
rifice
s”Si
nce Y
om T
erua
hcan
occu
r on t
he w
eekly
Sab
bath,
it ha
s a ra
ther u
nique
sta
tus am
ong a
ll of th
e fes
tivals
. It is
the o
nly fe
stiva
l on w
hich a
ll of th
e fol
lowing
sacri
fices
(fro
m the
Heb
rew
word
korb
an, w
hich m
eans
to dr
aw ne
ar)
can b
e offe
red:
The d
aily o
fferin
gs.
The S
abba
th off
ering
s.Th
e new
moo
n offe
rings
.Th
e fes
tival
offer
ings.
This
is tru
ly a d
ay to
draw
near
to G
od!
“Its U
nkno
wn T
iming
”Yo
m Te
ruah
is the
ONL
Y mo
ed(a
ppoin
tmen
t) tha
t we d
o not
know
the d
ay or
the
hour
in w
hich t
o kee
p it. T
here
fore,
we ha
ve to
be on
the a
lert a
nd w
atch
for it.
The R
abbin
ic su
gges
tion t
hat w
e not
sleep
on Y
om T
erua
hsee
ms to
be
justifi
ed fr
om th
ese v
erse
s: Ma
tt 24:2
9-39
; 25:1
3; Ma
rk 13
:28-3
7; Re
v 16:1
5; 1
Thes
s5:1-
11.
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200
52T
im2-
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m
Nam
es O
f Yom
Ter
uah
1.Ro
sh H
asha
nah
mea
ns th
e beg
inni
ng o
r “he
ad”o
f the
year
. Mos
t Jew
s use
this
nam
e to
refe
r to
this
feas
t (m
oed)
. Thi
s nam
e is m
entio
ned
only
once
in th
e sc
riptu
res i
n Ez
ekiel
40:1
. The
sage
s rec
ogni
ze th
at th
is is
notr
efer
ring
to Y
om
Teru
ah, b
ut to
Yom
HaK
ippu
rimin
a Ju
bilee
year
.2.
Yom
Ter
uah
mea
ns a
day o
f blo
wing
(the
shof
ar) o
r bre
athi
ng. T
his n
ame i
s fou
nd
in N
umbe
rs 29
:1 an
d Le
viticu
s 23:
24. T
erua
hin
Heb
rew
mea
ns n
ot o
nly a
certa
in
uniq
ue so
und.
It al
so co
nnot
es “t
o br
eak”
, as t
he p
roph
et Is
aiah
says
Roa
hHi
sroa
hHa
aret
z(24
:19)
, afte
r the
earth
qua
ked,
som
ethi
ng b
roke
to p
ieces
. Te
ruah
is as
socia
ted
with
bre
akag
e and
dam
age,
for e
xam
ple w
e fin
d th
epeo
ple
of S
odom
thre
aten
ed to
do
dam
age t
o Lo
t for
not
turn
ing
over
his
gues
ts to
them
. 3.
Yom
Ha-
Zeka
ron
mea
ns a
day o
f mem
orial
or r
emem
bran
ce. T
his i
s der
ived
from
Le
viticu
s 23:
24.
4.Fe
ast o
f Tru
mpe
ts. T
his i
s the
com
mon
nam
e mos
t use
d by
Chr
istian
s.5.
Yom
Hak
eseh
mea
ns th
e Day
of C
once
almen
t. Th
e sag
es sa
y tha
t Psa
lm 81
:4
shou
ld b
e tra
nslat
ed: “
Blow
the s
hofa
rat t
he n
ew m
oon,
at th
e cov
ered
tim
e for
ou
r fea
stda
y.”Al
l tha
t tra
nspi
res o
n th
is da
y is c
hara
cter
ized
by co
ncea
lmen
t. Al
l ot
her f
estiv
als fa
ll eith
er w
hen
the m
oon
is fu
ll or n
ear f
ull. Y
om T
erua
h, h
owev
er,
falls
on
the f
irst d
ay o
f the
mon
th, w
hen
the n
ew m
oon
may
not
yet h
ave
appe
ared
. The
Hou
se o
f Isr
ael is
sym
bolic
ally c
ompa
red
to th
e moo
n an
d is
radi
ant o
n its
Sab
bath
s and
Fes
tivals
. On
Yom
Ter
uah,
how
ever
, Isra
el di
min
ishes
he
rself
and
conc
eals
its g
reat
ness
in aw
e of t
he D
ay o
f Jud
gmen
t. Go
d, to
o,
plac
es a
cove
r of c
once
almen
t ove
r His
peop
le’s s
ins a
nd ac
cord
s the
m
forg
ivene
ss.
6.Yo
m Ha
dinme
ans a
Day
of Ju
dgem
ent. I
n anti
cipati
on of
this
judge
ment,
we b
egin
teshu
vah,
to re
pent,
at th
e beg
inning
of E
lul, th
irty da
ys ea
rlier.
We w
ill ha
ve ou
r fina
l tim
e for
repe
ntanc
e at th
e end
of th
is for
ty da
y per
iod, o
n Yom
HaK
ippur
im. R
epen
tance
is
also t
he im
porta
nt co
ncep
t in th
e ritu
al of
tashli
ch, w
here
we s
ymbo
licall
y cas
t our
sins
aw
ay, o
n this
day.
On th
is da
y man
is ju
dged
for a
ll of h
is ac
tions
, and
all th
at wi
ll tra
nspir
e and
occu
r du
ring t
he co
ming
year
is re
cord
ed. T
he T
almud
(Ros
h Has
hana
h 8a)
deriv
es th
is fro
m De
utero
nomy
11:12
. Ros
h Has
hana
h was
orda
ined a
s a da
y of ju
dgme
nt for
two
reas
ons:
•Th
is is
the da
y the
wor
ld wa
s cre
ated.
The w
orld
was c
reate
d byE
lohim
, the n
ame
used
whe
n the
attrib
ute of
justi
ce is
exer
cised
.•
This
is the
day A
dam
was j
udge
d, he
repe
nted,
and h
e was
forg
iven.
Yom
Teru
ahis
“the s
ixth d
ay”w
hen A
dam
was c
reate
d. Th
is is
also t
he da
y whe
n Ada
m wi
ll be r
ebor
n int
o an i
ndes
tructi
ble bo
dy.
The t
each
ing of
the S
ages
that
each
perso
n is j
udge
d on R
osh H
asha
nah d
oes n
ot re
fer
to wh
ether
a pe
rson w
ill me
rit Ga
nEde
n, the
Gar
den o
f Ede
n, if h
e is w
orthy
, or
Gehin
nom
and e
terna
l des
tructi
on if
he is
unwo
rthy.
Rathe
r, ma
n is j
udge
d on R
osh
Hash
anah
conc
ernin
g only
this
world
: whe
ther h
e is w
orthy
of lif
e and
peac
e, or
death
an
d affli
ction
.•
Note:
ther
e are
some
elem
ents
that a
re no
t foun
d in t
he S
criptu
res.
Perh
aps y
ou m
ight
want
to wr
ite th
em do
wn so
as to
sepa
rate
what
is ma
n’s te
achin
gs an
d wha
t is cl
early
tau
ght in
God
’s W
ord.
The T
heme
s of Y
om T
erua
h1.
This
is a d
ay fo
r rep
entan
ce. T
his is
the p
rimar
y the
me.
2.Th
is is
the da
y tha
t Isra
el wi
ll be g
ather
ed.
3.Th
is is
the co
rona
tion d
ay of
the K
ing of
king
s.4.
This
is re
surre
ction
day.
5.Th
is is
a day
to re
memb
er th
e fath
ers.
6.Th
is is
a day
to bl
ow th
e sho
far.
7.Th
is is
the da
y tha
t the w
orld
was c
reate
d.8.
This
is a d
ay fo
r judg
ment.
�The
Day
of Ju
dgme
nt –
Psalm
81:4.
Ros
h HaS
hana
his s
ingled
ou
t by t
he T
almud
as bo
th the
star
t of th
e Jew
ish ye
ar, a
nd th
e an
nual
Day o
f Jud
gmen
t. Our
Sag
es po
int ou
t that
in De
utero
nomy
11:12
the T
orah
tells
us th
at ou
r des
tiny --w
hethe
r fin
ancia
l, phy
sical,
or ot
her --i
s pre
orda
ined o
n one
day e
ach y
ear
for th
e enti
re du
ratio
n of th
at ye
ar (T
racta
te Ro
sh H
asha
nah 8
a).
The G
emar
aide
ntifie
s the
day o
n whic
h this
judg
ment
takes
plac
e wi
th the
Yom
Ter
u’aho
f Bem
idbar
(Ros
h Has
hana
h 16a
), ba
sing
this o
n Psa
lm 81
:4: “S
ound
the S
hofar
on th
e New
Moo
n, on
the
day t
hat m
arks
our h
olida
y, for
it is
[time f
or] th
e jud
gmen
t ofth
e Go
d of Y
aako
v.”Si
nce t
here
is on
ly on
e holi
day t
hat o
ccur
s on a
ne
w mo
on –
name
ly, Y
om T
eru’a
h–the
“tim
e of ju
dgme
nt”re
ferre
d to m
ust b
e on t
hat s
ame h
olida
y, the
day w
e call
Ros
h Ha
shan
ah.
�The
Day
for R
epen
tance
–He
re ar
e the
main
scrip
tures
used
to
enco
urag
e rep
entan
ce (T
eshu
va–r
eturn
ing):
Num
5:5-7
; Deu
t 30
:1-6;
1 King
s 8:33-3
4; Isa
iah 55
:6-7;
Jere
miah
3:12-1
4; Ez
ekiel
18
:21-2
3, 30-3
2; Ho
sea 1
4:2-5
.Th
e Day
s of A
weTh
e ten
days
star
ting w
ith R
osh H
asha
nah a
nd en
ding w
ith Y
om
Kipp
ur ar
e com
monly
know
n as t
he D
ays o
f Awe
(Yam
imNo
raim
) or
the D
ays o
f Rep
entan
ce. T
his is
a tim
e for
serio
us in
trosp
ectio
n, a t
ime t
o con
sider
the s
ins of
the p
revio
us ye
ar an
d rep
ent b
efore
Yo
m Ki
ppur
.On
e of th
e ong
oing t
heme
s of th
e Day
s of A
we is
the c
once
pt tha
t G-d
has "
book
s" th
at he
write
s our
name
s in,
writin
g dow
n wh
o will
live a
nd w
ho w
ill die
, who
will
have
a go
od lif
e and
who
wi
ll hav
e a ba
d life
, for t
he ne
xt ye
ar. T
hese
book
s are
writt
enin
on R
osh H
asha
nah,
but o
ur ac
tions
durin
g the
Day
s of A
we ca
n alt
er G
-d's
decre
e. Th
e acti
ons t
hat c
hang
e the
decre
e are
"te
shuv
ah, te
filaha
nd tz
edak
ah,"
repe
ntanc
e, pr
ayer
, goo
d dee
ds
(usu
ally,
char
ity).
Thes
e "bo
oks"
are s
ealed
on Y
om K
ippur
. This
conc
ept o
f writi
ng in
book
s is t
he so
urce
of th
e com
mon g
reeti
ngdu
ring t
his tim
e is "
May y
ou be
insc
ribed
and s
ealed
for a
good
ye
ar."
Cop
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ht ©
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rey
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200
52T
im2-
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m
Is 63
:4 –T
he R
eturn
of M
essia
hLe
v 25:8
-12 –
occu
rs at
the 50
thye
ar, a
ll deb
ts ar
e ann
ulled
and t
he la
nd re
turns
to its
owne
r
The Y
ear o
f Jub
ilee
Heb 9
:6-12
, 24-
26 –
Chris
t ente
red i
nto he
aven
its
elf to
plac
e His
blood
on H
eave
n’s M
ercy
Se
at
Heb 1
0:1-1
4 –Ch
rist’s
Per
fect S
acrifi
ce
perfe
cted f
or al
l time
thos
e who
are b
eing
sanc
tified
Neila
hsig
nifies
the c
losing
of th
e gate
s of
salva
tion t
o Gen
tiles (
s. Ro
m 11
:25-2
7)
Lev 2
3:27-
32 –
Regu
lation
s for
the D
ay of
At
onem
ent
Lev 1
6 –De
tailed
Instr
uctio
ns fo
r the
Day
of
Aton
emen
t
Num
29:7-
11 S
acrifi
ces f
or th
e Day
of
Aton
emen
tNe
ilah
signif
ies th
e hou
r of th
e clos
ing of
the
Gates
of R
epen
tance
, and
stre
sses
the
urge
ncy o
f rep
entan
ce so
that
the pe
niten
t can
sti
ll enjo
y the
refre
shme
nt of
forgiv
enes
s befo
re
the D
ay of
Aton
emen
t is en
ded a
nd th
e op
portu
nity h
as be
en lo
st.
Sign
ifica
nce
Fact
sYo
m K
ippu
r, th
e Day
of A
tone
men
t
Cop
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rey
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200
52T
im2-
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m
Isaiah
61:1
-3; L
uke 4
:17-
21; Y
ear o
f lib
erty
* U
ltim
ate J
ubile
e at t
he 2n
d Co
min
g of
Mes
siah
13. Y
ear o
f Jub
ilee w
as th
e Day
of A
tone
men
t (Le
v 25:
9-11
)Ro
m 12
:112
. Man
y sac
rifice
s wer
e offe
red
Hebr
ews 1
3:10
-13
11. T
he b
odies
of a
nim
als w
ere b
urne
d ou
tsid
e the
cam
p
Hebr
ews 1
0:10
,1410
. Onc
e ato
nem
ent w
as m
ade,
the p
eopl
e wer
e sin
less &
bl
amele
ss b
efor
e God
Jesu
s our
gre
at H
P of
fere
d a o
nce-
for-a
ll sac
rifice
(H
eb 9:
11-1
4)9.
HP g
oes i
n Ho
ly of
Hol
ies o
nce a
year
Reve
latio
n 5:
88.
gold
en ce
nsor
use
d
Subs
titut
e acc
epte
d in
plac
e of t
he p
eopl
e7.
Life
for l
ife: Y
om H
a Kip
purim
= the
day
of c
over
ing,
ca
nceli
ng p
ardo
n, re
conc
iling
RH
7
days
Y
K
Succ
ot
Tri
bes
sign
M
ourn
Je
sus C
omes
Zec
h 12
:10-
14;1
3-1
5. Th
e Day
= th
e mos
t sol
emn
day o
f the
Jewi
sh ye
ar6.
Neila
h= c
losin
g of
the g
ates
of h
eave
ns
1 Cor
13:9
-12
4. On
ce a
year
, man
com
es fa
ce-to
-face
with
God
& liv
es!
cfEx
33:2
0
Chris
t afte
r His
deat
h, b
urial
& re
surre
ctio
n (R
ev 1:
13-1
5, Da
n 10
:5-6
)3.
Was
hing
of H
P, th
en cl
othe
d wi
th g
olde
n ve
stm
ents
Isaiah
1:18
2. Re
d sa
sh ti
ed to
hor
ns o
f Aza
zel
Cast
ing
lots
=> ju
dgm
ent
1. Az
azel
= sca
pego
atFu
ture
Sig
nific
ance
of Y
KSi
gnifi
canc
e of Y
K
Cop
yrig
ht ©
Jeff
rey
Loh
200
52T
im2-
2.co
m
Cop
yrig
ht ©
Cec
ilia
Perh
200
6w
ww
.2T
im2-
2.co
mTh
e Sea
son
of R
epen
tanc
efro
m E
lul 1
to T
ishri
10 (4
0 day
s)
Elul
130
days
Tishr
i 1Tis
hri 1
0
Tribe
s Mou
rn
(Zec
h 12:1
0-13
:1)
10 da
ys of
Awe
or
Penit
ence
Day o
f Wra
th (R
ev 6:
12-1
7)
24 A
ug, 0
623
Sep
, 06
14 A
ug, 0
713
Sep
, 07
21 A
ug, 0
820
Sep
, 08
10 A
ug, 0
99 S
ep, 0
9
30 A
ug, 1
029
Sep
, 11
18 A
ug, 1
217
Sep
, 12
Mose
s on M
t Sina
i for 4
0 day
s & 40
nig
hts (E
x 24:1
8); G
olden
Calf
Inc
ident
(32:1
-29)
, Mos
es go
es up
to
Sina
i to in
terce
de (3
2:30-
35),,
co
mes d
own t
o mak
e 2 ta
bles,
then
goes
up ag
ain to
inter
cede
(34:1
-4)
, was
ther
e for
anoth
er 40
days
&
40 ni
ghts
(34:2
8), th
en co
mes
down
with
face
shini
ng (3
4:29-
35)Co
rona
tion o
f the K
ing of
kin
gs (
Dan 7
:9-14
)
Sign
of th
e So
n of M
an
Matth
ew 24
:29-3
1
1. Yo
m Ha
-Din
(Day
of
Judg
ment)
2. Yo
m Te
ruah
(Day
of th
e aw
aken
ing bl
ast
or bl
owing
/ bre
athing
)
3. Yo
m Ha
-Kes
eh(D
ay of
Co
ncea
lmen
t) =
the H
idden
Da
y4.
Yom
Ha-Z
ekav
on(D
ay of
Me
moria
l or R
emem
bran
ce)
Begin
ning w
ith th
e Sa
bbath
befor
e the
new
moon
of E
lul, th
e sho
faris
blown
ever
y mor
ning
Yom
Kipp
urRo
sh
Hash
anah
door
shut
(Gen
7:16
)=
2-da
y / 1-
day
festiv
al7 d
ays
cfGe
n 7:1-
5
Durin
g the
Day
s of A
we, J
ewish
trad
ition h
olds
that d
ivine
judg
ment
is re
nder
ed to
deter
mine
wh
ether
a pe
rson w
ill co
ntinu
e to l
ive or
die i
n the
comi
ng ye
ar. It
is be
lieve
d tha
t God
revie
ws
the bo
oks o
f judg
ment
on R
osh
Hash
anah
and
metes
out fi
nal ju
dgme
nt on
Yom
Kipp
ur.
a. the
day t
he w
orld
was c
reate
db.
the da
y Ada
m wa
s jud
ged;
he re
pente
d & w
as fo
rgive
n
Note:
Fro
m Yo
m Ki
ppur
to H
annu
kahi
s alw
ays a
n int
erva
l of 7
5 day
s (30
+ 45
)
A Fu
ture
Jubi
leehtt
p://w
ww.gr
owthi
ngod
.org.u
k/jub
ilee.h
tmAr
e the
se 5
grea
t jubil
ees t
hat to
ok pl
ace i
n Bibl
e tim
es th
e end
of th
e stor
y, or
are t
here
mor
e jub
ilees
to co
me?
The f
irst 4
of th
ese j
ubile
es al
l poin
ted fo
rwar
d to t
he fif
th jub
ilee w
hich w
as
the de
ath an
d res
urre
ction
of Je
sus.
Each
of th
e firs
t 4 ju
bilee
s was
an ev
ent
in the
natur
al or
der c
once
rning
the p
eople
of Is
rael,
the n
atura
l peo
ple of
Go
d. Th
ey w
ere s
hado
ws an
d typ
es of
wha
t was
to co
me. T
he re
surre
ction
of
Jesu
s and
the s
ubse
quen
t outp
ourin
g of th
e Holy
Spir
it at P
entec
ost w
as th
eir
first fr
uit fu
lfilme
nt. B
ut ev
en th
ese g
reat
even
ts of
the ne
w tes
tamen
t wer
e no
t their
comp
lete a
nd fin
al ful
filmen
t. Je
sus w
as th
e firs
t fruit
from
the d
ead,
and h
is re
surre
ction
point
ed fo
rwar
d to
a gre
at ha
rvest
of fru
it yet
to co
me. S
o the
n jus
t as t
he fir
st 4 g
reat
jubile
es
of the
past
all po
int to
the e
ven g
reate
r fifth
jubil
ee, s
o also
the fir
st 5 g
reat
jubile
es of
the p
ast a
ll poin
t to th
e still
grea
ter si
xth ju
bilee
to co
me.
The G
reate
st Ju
bilee
We h
ave n
ow en
tered
the g
reate
st jub
ilee i
n hist
ory.
Prev
ious g
reat
jubile
es
have
been
illus
tratio
ns an
d for
etaste
s of w
hat is
now
comi
ng.
The f
irst h
istor
ic jub
ilee w
as lik
e the
seed
of a
seed
. The
birth
of A
brah
am
was t
he ba
rely
visibl
e beg
inning
of a
vast
divine
plan
. Abr
aham
did 2
es
senti
al thi
ngs.
He ca
me ou
t of B
abylo
n by f
aith a
nd he
lived
in th
e pro
mise
d lan
d. Th
e firs
t was
a de
liver
ance
from
slav
ery.
The s
econ
d was
the
poss
essio
n (by
faith
) of h
is fut
ure i
nher
itanc
e. No
ne of
the f
urthe
r jubil
ees
would
have
occu
rred i
f he h
ad no
t obe
yed G
od.
At th
e Exo
dus,
the se
cond
histo
ric ju
bilee
, the I
sraeli
tes ca
me ou
t of E
gypt.
Lik
e Abr
aham
they
esca
ped f
rom
slave
ry an
d set
out to
claim
the l
and t
hat
God h
ad pr
omise
d the
m for
an in
herita
nce.
This
jubile
e was
anoth
er bi
rth, n
ot jus
t of o
ne m
an th
is tim
e, bu
t of a
natio
n. Th
e thir
d gre
at jub
ilee,
the de
dicati
on of
Solo
mon's
temp
le,wa
s the
fruit
an
d fulf
ilmen
tof th
e sec
ond.
The l
ibera
ted sl
aves
have
now
totall
y pos
sess
ed
their p
romi
sed l
and a
nd co
mplet
ed th
e buil
ding o
f God
's tem
ple. In
gran
d co
nsum
matio
n the
powe
r and
pres
ence
of G
od de
scen
ds an
d fills
it.
The f
ourth
, fifth
and s
ixth j
ubile
es in
diffe
rent
ways
re-e
nact
the fir
st 3.
The f
ourth
, the r
eturn
from
Bab
ylon,
was l
ike th
e firs
t. A sm
allgr
oup o
f pil
grim
s set
out in
the s
teps o
f their
fathe
r Abr
aham
to liv
e aga
in in
the
prom
ised l
and.
Like A
brah
am's
birth
this m
ight s
eem
like a
small
and
insign
ifican
t beg
inning
. But
they l
eft B
abylo
n and
wen
t to th
e lan
d of Is
rael
wher
e alon
e God
's pla
ns an
d pur
pose
s cou
ld be
fulfil
led. W
ithou
tthe r
eturn
fro
m Ba
bylon
Jesu
s cou
ld no
t hav
e bee
n bor
n to a
Jewi
sh m
other
in
Bethl
ehem
.
The f
ifth gr
eat h
istor
ic Ne
w Te
stame
nt jub
ilee w
as th
e beg
inning
of a
comp
letely
new
orde
r in G
od. A
ll pre
vious
jubil
ees w
ere j
ust ty
pes a
nd
shad
ows.
Jesu
s cam
e to f
ulfilt
he la
w an
d the
prop
hets,
and i
ndee
d the
wh
ole of
Isra
el's h
istor
y. He
brou
ght th
e spir
itual
reali
ty of
which
all th
ose
thing
s wer
e jus
t sha
dows
and p
ictur
es. T
his fif
th jub
ilee c
orre
spon
ds m
ost
stron
gly to
the s
econ
d. Je
sus l
ike M
oses
come
s to d
elive
r a pe
ople
from
bond
age.
Jesu
s doe
s in t
he sp
iritua
l realm
wha
t Mos
es di
d in t
hena
tural
realm
. The
exod
us w
as th
e birth
of Is
rael.
This
jubil
ee w
as th
e birth
of th
e ch
urch
. Th
e sixt
h jub
ilee i
s and
will
be th
e fulf
ilmen
tand
culm
inatio
n of a
ll pre
vious
jub
ilees
. Like
4 of
the 5
histor
ic jub
ilees
it is
a new
birth
and b
eginn
ing. It
is
the bi
rth of
the s
ons o
f God
, and
the b
eginn
ing of
a ne
w or
der.
As in
prev
ious j
ubile
es th
is jub
ilee i
s a lib
erati
on. W
e will
see l
ibera
tion
both
from
Egyp
t and
from
Bab
ylon.
The s
ons o
f God
will
have
victo
ry ov
er
both.
For
centu
ries t
he tr
ue pe
ople
of Go
d hav
e bee
n held
capti
ve by
ma
nmad
e reli
gious
syste
ms. G
od is
now
callin
g the
m ou
t of th
is ca
ptivit
y, an
d mor
e and
mor
e peo
ple ar
e now
hear
ing, u
nder
stand
ing an
d obe
ying
that c
all.
We h
ave s
een t
hat w
here
as th
e Exo
dus w
as a
birth
and a
begin
ning,
the
jubile
e of S
olomo
n was
a cli
max a
nd a
culm
inatio
n. Mo
ses l
ead a
nun
discip
lined
rabb
le of
slave
s out
of Eg
ypt. 5
00 ye
ars l
ater t
hey w
ere a
po
werfu
l peo
ple w
ith a
coun
try a
capit
al an
d a ki
ng. In
the c
entre
of it
was
the ne
wly b
uilt te
mple
of Go
d, an
d the
glor
y of G
od de
scen
ded t
ofill
it. Th
is oc
casio
n was
far m
ore g
loriou
s tha
n the
Exo
dus,
but it
owed
ever
ything
to it.
W
ithou
t Mos
es th
ere w
ould
have
been
no la
nd of
Isra
el, no
Jeru
salem
and
no te
mple.
In
the sa
me w
ay th
is co
nsum
matio
n jub
ilee w
ill be
far m
ore g
loriou
s tha
n the
New
Tes
tamen
t jubil
ee, b
ut it w
ill be
who
lly fo
unde
d on t
he lif
e and
de
ath an
d res
urre
ction
of Je
sus.
With
out J
esus
ther
e wou
ld be
nothi
ng.
With
out P
entec
ost a
nd P
eter a
nd P
aul a
nd th
e scri
pture
s the
y wro
te the
re
would
be no
thing
. Wha
t they
all d
id wa
s the
foun
datio
n; thi
s will
be th
e co
mplet
ed bu
ilding
. Its g
lory w
ill ex
ceed
ever
ything
that
has g
one b
efore
. Th
e sev
enth
ange
l sou
nded
his t
rump
et, an
d the
re w
ere l
oud v
oices
in
heav
en, w
hich s
aid: 'T
he ki
ngdo
m of
the w
orld
has b
ecom
e the
king
dom
of ou
r Lor
d and
of hi
s Chr
ist (A
noint
ed),
and h
e will
reign
for e
ver a
nd ev
er.'
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yrig
ht ©
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rey
Loh
200
52T
im2-
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m
Feas
t of T
aber
nacl
es/B
ooth
s (Su
ccot
)W
hen:
15-2
1 T
ishr
iW
here
: pla
ce G
od c
hoos
es to
est
ablis
h H
is n
ame
(Dt1
6:15
)W
hat :
1.
Hol
y C
onvo
catio
n on
1st
& 8
thda
y2.
live
in b
ooth
s (in
secu
re, t
empo
rary
) 3.
you
shal
l rej
oice
(Lev
23:
40; D
t16:
14)
Neve
r stop
stud
ying t
he W
ord (
Ps 11
9:105
)* J
esus
' Circ
umcis
ion (L
k2:21
)* R
ev 21
:1-8 –
Eter
nity
9. Sh
mini
Atze
ret(
8th da
y, So
lemn A
ssem
bly) S
imch
atTo
rah (
begin
in M
iddle
Ages
) –the
Rejo
icing
in th
e Law
(8
th da
y in I
srael,
9th d
ay ou
tside
Isra
el)
John
7:37
-39
8. Ho
shan
a-Ra
bbah
Cere
mony
Jesu
s (Jo
hn 8:
12, 9
:5); b
eliev
ers –
Mt 5:
14-1
67.
Temp
le Lig
hting
Cer
emon
yJe
sus i
s livi
ng w
ater (
Jn4:1
4)6.
Wate
r Liba
tion C
erem
ony
Zech
14:16
-18;
Is 43
:10; R
ev 14
:1-7
5. Fe
ast o
f the N
ation
s
John
10:22
4. Fe
ast o
f Ded
icatio
n –ce
lebra
ted af
ter th
e Bab
ylonia
n Ca
ptivit
y (Ez
ra 3:
1-4)
1. etr
og/ci
tron
2. lul
av/pa
lm br
anch
es3.
hade
sim/m
yrtle
4. ar
avot/
willo
wetr
ogre
pres
ents
Genti
les w
ho jo
in the
mselv
es to
Isra
el (M
t 13
:39; R
ev 7:
9-17
)
3. Fe
stiva
l of In
gathe
ring a
nd th
e fru
it har
vest
/ Wav
ing of
the
Lulav
(Neh
8:15-
18)
Lk2:1
0 –Je
sus’
Birth
; Dan
12:12
–Bl
esse
dnes
s2.
the S
easo
n of o
ur Jo
y (Ne
h8:17
)
* spir
itual
pilgr
ims/a
liens
* boo
th re
ps ou
r phy
sical
bodie
s* s
ymbo
lizes
men
’s de
pend
ence
on G
od fo
r foo
d & w
ater
1. co
mmem
orate
s life
durin
g wild
erne
ss w
ande
rings
(Lev
23
:43)
Futu
re S
igni
fican
ceSi
gnifi
canc
e
Cop
yrig
ht ©
Jeff
rey
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200
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im2-
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m
Spiri
tual
Less
ons f
rom
the F
east
of T
aber
nacle
sGo
d is
Our S
helte
rTh
is ho
liday
remi
nds u
s not
to ho
ld too
tightl
y to m
ateria
l thing
s. W
e live
in a
very
mater
ialist
ic ag
e. W
hen t
he Is
raeli
tes w
ere w
ande
rers
in the
dese
rt, th
ey al
l live
d in t
ents–
rich a
nd po
or al
ike. M
ateria
l pos
sess
ions c
an co
ntrol
and m
anipu
late u
s; the
y bec
ome g
ods,
or id
ols, o
ver
us. W
e mus
t rem
embe
r tha
t this
life is
only
tempo
rary.
We a
re al
so on
a pil
grim
age t
o a P
romi
sed L
and i
n eter
nity.
We n
eed t
o see
k God
’s kin
gdom
, not
earth
ly co
mfor
t. As w
e see
k firs
t the K
ingdo
m of
God (
Luke
12:31
), Go
d is o
ur sh
elter
. For
thou
hast
been
a str
ength
to th
e po
or, a
stre
ngth
to the
need
y in h
is dis
tress
, a re
fuge f
rom
thesto
rm, a
shad
ow fr
om th
e hea
t, whe
n the
blas
t of th
e ter
rible
ones
is as
a sto
rm ag
ainst
the w
all (I
sa. 2
5:4).
Jesu
s is t
he L
iving
Wat
erOu
r spir
itual
thirst
cann
ot be
quen
ched
with
anyth
ing le
ss th
an C
hrist
. But
whos
oeve
r drin
keth
of the
wate
r tha
t I sh
all gi
ve hi
m sh
all ne
ver
thirst
; but
the w
ater t
hat I
shall
give
him
shall
be in
him
a well
of w
ater s
pring
ing up
into
ever
lastin
g life
(Joh
n 4:14
).Je
sus W
ashe
s Awa
y Our
Sin
sJe
sus i
s the
true
living
wate
r clea
nsing
us fr
om si
n thr
ough
His
blood
. For
if the
bloo
d of b
ulls a
nd of
goats
, and
the a
shes
ofan
heife
r sp
rinkli
ng th
e unc
lean,
sanc
tifieth
to the
purify
ing of
the f
lesh:
How
much
mor
e sha
ll the
bloo
d ofC
hrist
, who
thro
ugh t
he et
erna
l Spir
it off
ered
hims
elf w
ithou
t spo
t to G
od, p
urge
your
cons
cienc
e fro
m de
ad w
orks
to se
rve th
e livi
ng G
od (H
eb. 9
:13-1
4).
Jesu
s is t
he L
ight
of t
he W
orld
The l
ight fr
om th
e Fea
st of
Tabe
rnac
les la
mps i
llumi
nated
the w
hole
city.
Scho
lars s
ugge
st tha
t Jes
us re
ferre
d to t
his cu
stom
when
he
spok
e tho
se w
ell-kn
own w
ords
, “I a
m the
light
of the
wor
ld…”(
John
8:12
) Also
see J
ohn 1
:1-9 a
nd Jo
hn 9:
5.Je
sus i
s Pre
parin
g Ou
r Per
man
ent H
ome
Thes
e phy
sical
bodie
s we n
ow oc
cupy
are o
nly te
mpor
ary d
wellin
g plac
es. O
ur bo
dies a
re fr
ail, a
nd w
ill ev
entua
lly be
gin to
deter
iorate
. Lif
e is s
hort.
Our
hope
is no
t in w
hat th
e wor
ld ha
s to o
ffer,
but in
wha
t God
has a
lread
y pro
vided
for u
s for
eter
nity.
Our p
erma
nent
home
is
being
prep
ared
for u
s in e
ternit
y. Je
sus s
aid in
John
14:2-
3, In
my F
ather
’s ho
use a
re m
any m
ansio
ns: if
it we
re no
t so,
I wou
ld ha
ve to
ld yo
u. I g
o to p
repa
re a
place
for y
ou. A
nd if
I go a
nd pr
epar
e a pl
ace f
or yo
u, I w
ill co
me ag
ain, a
nd re
ceive
you u
nto m
yself
; tha
t whe
re I
am, th
ere y
e may
be al
so.
As th
e Isra
elites
Left B
onda
ge, W
e Lea
ve th
e Bon
dage
of S
inGo
d bro
ught
the C
hildr
en of
Isra
el ou
t of th
e bon
dage
of th
eir E
gypti
an ta
skma
sters
into f
reed
om. F
or C
hrist
ians,
we ca
n cele
brate
that
God r
edee
med u
s fro
m a l
ife of
bond
age t
o sin
and b
roug
ht us
into
His f
reed
om in
the K
ingdo
m of
God.
Cop
yrig
ht ©
Jeff
rey
Loh
200
52T
im2-
2.co
m
Jesu
s was
bor
n du
ring
the f
estiv
al se
ason
of S
ucco
t(Ta
bern
acles
)
Scrip
tura
l Evid
ence
:Lu
ke 1:
5 Zec
haria
h is
a prie
st o
f the
divi
sion
of A
bijah
Israe
l was
divi
ded
into
24 d
istric
ts in
Jesu
s’da
ys. E
ach
dist
rict s
ent 2
repr
esen
tativ
es to
offic
iate a
t the
tem
ple d
urin
g th
e wee
ks o
f the
year -1 C
hr24
-1st
divis
ion
of p
riest
s wou
ld
serv
e in
the 1
stwe
ek o
f the
year
,i.e
. bot
h in
Nisa
n &
Tish
ri-P
riest
s fro
m al
l 24 d
istric
ts w
ould
com
e to
the t
empl
e to
help
, dur
ing
the w
eek o
fPa
ssov
er, P
ente
cost
& T
aber
nacle
s (D
t16:
16)
-1 C
hr24
:10 A
bijah
was t
he 8th
divis
ion
& wo
uld
min
ister
dur
ing
the 1
0thwe
ekof
the y
ear
Luke
1:9-
10Ze
char
iasis
burn
ing
ince
nse a
once
-in-a
-life
time o
ppor
tuni
tyfo
r any
prie
stAl
lowi
ng 2
week
s for
the l
aws o
f se
para
tion
afte
r goi
ng b
ack h
ome (
Lk1:
23) &
then
goi
ng fo
rwar
d 9 m
onth
s (S
ivan
[10th
week
] + 2
week
s + 9
mon
ths)
pu
ts th
e birt
h of
John
dur
ing
the f
estiv
alof
Pas
sove
r.
Luke
1:26
Gab
riel a
ppea
rs to
Mar
y in
the 6
th
mon
th o
f Eliz
abet
h’s p
regn
ancy
(aro
und
25th
Kisle
v, Ch
anuk
ah)
If yo
u ad
d 8 d
ays f
or th
e fes
tival
ofCh
anuk
ah p
lus 9
mon
ths f
or M
ary’s
preg
nanc
y, th
is wi
ll brin
g yo
u ar
ound
the
time o
f the
fest
ival o
f Suc
coto
r Tish
ri 15
.On
Tish
ri 22
know
n as
She
min
iAtze
reto
r th
e 8th
days
, Yes
huaw
as ci
rcum
cised
(Luk
e 2:2
2-23
; Lev
12:1
-3)
Cop
yrig
ht ©
Jeff
rey
Loh
200
52T
im2-
2.co
m
The B
ible d
oes n
ot sp
ecific
ally s
ay th
e date
of Je
sus’
birth.
We k
now
it was
not d
uring
the w
inter
mon
thsbe
caus
e the
sh
eep w
ere i
n the
pastu
re (L
uke 2
:8). A
stud
y of th
e tim
e of th
econ
cepti
on of
John
the B
aptis
t rev
eals
he w
as co
nceiv
ed
abou
t Siva
n 30,
the el
even
th we
ek.
Whe
n Zec
haria
h was
mini
sterin
g in t
he te
mple,
he re
ceive
d an a
nnou
ncem
ent fr
om G
od of
a co
ming
son.
The e
ighth
cour
se of
Abia
, whe
n Zek
harya
was m
iniste
ring,
was t
he w
eek o
f Siva
n 12 t
o 18(
Killia
n n.d.
). Ad
ding f
orty
week
s for
a no
rmal
preg
nanc
y rev
eals
that J
ohn t
he B
aptis
t was
born
on or
abou
t Pas
sove
r (Ni
san 1
4).W
e kno
w six
mon
ths af
ter
John
’s co
ncep
tion,
Mary
conc
eived
Jesu
s (Lu
ke 1:
26-3
3). T
here
fore,
Jesu
s wou
ld ha
ve be
en co
nceiv
ed si
x mon
ths la
terin
the m
onth
of Ki
slev.
Kisle
v 25 i
s Han
ukka
h.W
as th
e “lig
ht of
the w
orld”
conc
eived
on th
e fes
tival
of lig
hts?
Star
ting a
t Han
ukka
h, wh
ich be
gins o
n Kisl
ev 25
and c
ontin
ues f
or ei
ght d
ays,
and c
ounti
ng th
roug
h the
nine
mon
ths
of Ma
ry’s p
regn
ancy
, one
arriv
es at
the a
ppro
ximate
time o
f the b
irth of
Jesu
s at th
e Fes
tival
of Ta
bern
acles
(the
early
fall
of the
year
). Du
ring t
he F
east
of Ta
bern
acles
, God
requ
ired a
ll male
Jews
to co
me to
Jeru
salem
. The
man
y pilg
rims c
oming
to
Jeru
salem
for t
he fe
stiva
ls wo
uld sp
ill ov
er to
the s
urro
undin
g tow
ns(B
ethleh
em is
abou
t five
mile
s fro
m Je
rusa
lem).
Jose
ph an
d Mar
y wer
e una
ble to
find a
room
at th
e inn
beca
use o
fthe i
nflux
of so
man
y pilg
rims.
They
may
have
been
giv
en sh
elter
in a
sukk
ah, w
hich i
s buil
t dur
ing a
seve
n-da
y per
iod ea
ch ye
ar ac
comp
anyin
g the
celeb
ratio
n of th
e Fea
st of
Tabe
rnac
les. D
ue to
the d
ifficu
lties d
uring
trav
el, it
was c
ommo
n for
the o
fficial
s to d
eclar
e tax
time d
uring
a tem
ple
Feas
t (Lu
ke 2:
1).
We k
now
our M
essia
h was
mad
e man
ifest
into a
temp
orar
y bod
y whe
n He c
ame t
o ear
th. Is
it po
ssibl
e He a
lso w
as
put in
to a t
empo
rary
dwell
ing? T
he fie
lds w
ould
have
been
dotte
dwith
sukk
othsd
uring
this
harve
st tim
e to t
empo
rary
shelt
er an
imals
. The
Heb
rew
word
“stab
le”is
calle
d a su
kkoth
(Gen
. 33:1
7).
Later
in H
is life
, Yes
huac
elebr
ated H
is bir
thday
on a
moun
tain w
ith th
ree o
f His
discip
les. In
contr
ast to
birth
day
partie
s, su
ch as
Her
od’s,
whe
re pe
ople
were
kille
d for
enter
tainm
ent, H
is wa
s a ce
lebra
tion o
f life.
On t
he F
estiv
al of
Succ
oth, M
oshe
and E
liYah
u(El
ijah)
, from
centu
ries p
ast, r
epre
senta
tives
of th
e Tor
ah an
dthe
Pro
phets
, app
eare
d and
tal
ked w
ith Y
eshu
a. On
e disc
iple,
Keph
a(Pe
ter),
sugg
ested
build
ing th
ree s
ucco
thfor
Yes
hua,
Mosh
e, an
d EliY
ahu,
beca
use i
t was
requ
ired f
or th
e fes
tival,
but h
e did
not u
nder
stand
that
these
thre
e wer
e fulf
illing
that
which
the f
estiv
al sy
mboli
zed:
they w
ere d
wellin
g in t
heir s
ucco
th(te
mpor
ary t
aber
nacle
s) of
flesh
, awa
iting t
heir e
terna
l resu
rrecti
on
temple
s (Ki
llian n
.d.)
Jesu
s pre
ache
d thr
ee se
rmon
s in w
hich h
e dec
lared
hims
elf th
e “lig
ht of
the w
orld,
”and
all th
ree w
ould
be du
ring t
he
Festi
val o
f Ligh
ts (H
anuk
kah)
in th
e wint
er of
the y
ear (
Dece
mber
).C
opyr
ight
©Je
ffre
y L
oh 2
005
2Tim
2-2.
com
Shem
iniAt
zere
tand
Sim
chat
Tora
hTis
hri2
2, the
day a
fter t
he se
venth
day o
f Suk
kot, i
s the
holid
ay S
hemi
niAt
zere
t. In I
srael,
She
mini
Atze
retis
also
the h
olida
y of S
imch
atTo
rah.
Outsi
de of
Isra
el, w
here
extra
days
of ho
liday
sare
held,
only
the se
cond
day o
f She
mini
Atze
retis
Sim
chat
Tora
h: Sh
emini
Atze
ret
is Tis
hri 2
2 and
23, w
hile S
imch
atTo
rah i
s Tish
ri 23.
Thes
e two
holid
ays a
re co
mmon
ly tho
ught
of as
part
of Su
kkot,
but th
at is
techn
ically
inco
rrect;
She
mini
Atze
retis
a ho
liday
in its
own
right
and d
oes n
ot inv
olve s
ome o
f the s
pecia
l obs
erva
nces
of S
ukko
t. We d
o not
take u
p the
lulav
and e
trogo
n the
se da
ys, a
nd ou
r dw
elling
in th
e suk
kahi
s mor
e lim
ited,
and p
erfor
med w
ithou
t rec
iting a
bles
sing.
Shem
iniAt
zere
tliter
ally m
eans
"the
asse
mbly
of the
eigh
th (d
ay)."
Rab
binic
litera
turee
xplai
ns th
e holi
day t
his w
ay: o
ur C
reato
r is lik
e a h
ost, w
ho in
vites
us as
visit
ors f
or a
limite
d tim
e, bu
t whe
n the
time c
omes
for u
s to l
eave
, He h
as en
joyed
hims
elf so
muc
h tha
t He a
sks
us to
stay
anoth
er da
y. An
other
relat
ed ex
plana
tion:
Sukk
otis
a holi
day i
ntend
ed fo
r all o
f man
kind,
but w
hen S
ukko
tis ov
er, th
e Cre
ator
invite
s the
Jewi
sh pe
ople
to sta
y for
an ex
tra da
y, for
a mo
re in
timate
celeb
ratio
n. Si
mcha
tTor
ah m
eans
"Rejo
icing
in th
e Tor
ah."
This
holid
ay m
arks
the c
omple
tion o
f the a
nnua
l cyc
le of
week
ly To
rah r
eadin
gs. E
ach
week
in sy
nago
guew
e pub
licall
yrea
d a fe
w ch
apter
s fro
m the
Tor
ah, s
tartin
g with
Gen
esis
Ch. 1
and w
orkin
g our
way
arou
nd to
De
utero
nomy
34. O
n Sim
chat
Tora
h, we
read
the l
ast T
orah
portio
n, the
n pro
ceed
imme
diatel
yto t
he fir
st ch
apter
of G
enes
is, re
mind
ing
us th
at the
Tor
ah is
a cir
cle, a
nd ne
ver e
nds.
Th
is co
mplet
ion of
the r
eadin
gs is
a tim
e of g
reat
celeb
ratio
n. Th
ere a
re pr
oces
sions
arou
nd th
e syn
agog
ue ca
rrying
Tor
ah sc
rolls
and
plenty
of hi
gh-sp
irited
sing
ing an
d dan
cing i
n the
syna
gogu
e with
the T
orah
s. Dr
inking
is al
so co
mmon
durin
g this
time;
in fac
t, a t
radit
ional
sour
ce re
comm
ends
perfo
rming
the p
riestl
y bles
sing e
arlie
r tha
n usu
al in
the se
rvice
, to m
ake s
ure t
he ko
hanim
are n
ot dr
unk w
hen t
he
time c
omes
! As m
any p
eople
as po
ssibl
e are
give
n the
hono
r of a
naliy
ah(re
citing
a ble
ssing
over
the T
orah
read
ing);
in fac
t, eve
n ch
ildre
n are
calle
d for
an al
iyahb
lessin
g on S
imch
atTo
rah.
In ad
dition
, as m
any p
eople
as po
ssibl
e are
give
n the
hono
r of c
arryi
ng a
Tora
h scro
ll in t
hese
proc
essio
ns. C
hildr
en do
not c
arry
the sc
rolls
(the
y are
muc
h to h
eavy
!), bu
t ofte
n foll
ow th
e pro
cess
ion ar
ound
the
syna
gogu
e, so
metim
es ca
rrying
small
toy T
orah
s (stu
ffed p
lush t
oys o
r pap
er sc
rolls
). In
some
syna
gogu
es, c
onfirm
ation
cere
monie
s or c
erem
onies
mar
king t
he be
ginnin
g of a
child
's Je
wish
educ
ation
are h
eld at
this
time.
Shem
iniAt
zere
tand
Sim
chat
Tora
h are
holid
ays o
n whic
h wor
kis n
ot pe
rmitte
d. Lis
t of D
ates
Shem
iniAt
zere
twill
occu
r on t
he fo
llowi
ng da
ys of
the G
rego
rian c
alend
ar:
•Jew
ish Y
ear 5
764:
suns
et Oc
tober
17, 2
003 -
nightf
all O
ctobe
r 18,
2003
•J
ewish
Yea
r 576
5: su
nset
Octob
er 6,
2004
-nig
htfall
Octo
ber 7
, 200
4 •J
ewish
Yea
r 576
6: su
nset
Octob
er 24
, 200
5 -nig
htfall
Octo
ber 2
5, 20
05
•Jew
ish Y
ear 5
767:
suns
et Oc
tober
13, 2
006 -
nightf
all O
ctobe
r 14,
2006
•J
ewish
Yea
r 576
8: su
nset
Octob
er 3,
2007
-nig
htfall
Octo
ber 4
, 200
7 In
Israe
l, Sim
chat
Tora
h fall
s on t
he sa
me da
ys S
hemi
niAt
zere
t. Outs
ide Is
rael,
Sim
chat
Tora
h will
occu
r on t
he fo
llowi
ng da
ys of
the
Greg
orian
calen
dar:
•Jew
ish Y
ear 5
764:
suns
et Oc
tober
18, 2
003 -
nightf
all O
ctobe
r 19,
2003
•J
ewish
Yea
r 576
5: su
nset
Octob
er 7,
2004
-nig
htfall
Octo
ber 8
, 200
4 •J
ewish
Yea
r 576
6: su
nset
Octob
er 25
, 200
5 -nig
htfall
Octo
ber 2
6, 20
05
•Jew
ish Y
ear 5
767:
suns
et Oc
tober
14, 2
006 -
nightf
all O
ctobe
r 15,
2006
•J
ewish
Yea
r 576
8: su
nset
Octob
er 4,
2007
-nig
htfall
Octo
ber 5
, 200
7 C
opyr
ight
©Je
ffre
y L
oh 2
005
2Tim
2-2.
com
The
Heb
rew
Cal
enda
r
Lev
iticu
s 23:
24
Lev
iticu
s 23:
27; 2
5:9
Lev
iticu
s 23:
42Z
echa
riah
14:
16-1
8
Feas
t
Pass
over
Unl
eave
ned
Bre
ad
Firs
t-fr
uits
Wee
ks o
r Pe
ntec
ost
Old
Tes
tam
ent
Lev
iticu
s 23:
5
Lev
iticu
s 23:
6
Lev
iticu
s 23:
10
Lev
iticu
s 23:
16
New
Tes
tam
ent
1 C
orin
thia
ns 5
:7
1 C
orin
thia
ns 5
:7-8
1 C
orin
thia
ns 1
5:27
Act
s 2:1
Sign
ifica
nce
Jesu
s the
Pas
sove
r sl
ain
for
our
sins
Hol
y W
alk
of
Bel
ieve
rs
Chr
ist t
he F
irst
-fru
its
rais
ed fr
om th
e D
ead
Out
pour
ing
of th
e H
oly
Spir
it
1 T
hess
alon
ians
4:1
61
Cor
inth
ians
15:
52R
evel
atio
n 8:
2
Mat
thew
24:
30-3
1H
ebre
ws 9
:1-1
4
Rev
elat
ion
20:4
Seco
nd C
omin
g of
C
hris
t
Nat
ion
of Is
rael
M
ourn
s
Mill
enni
um
Sum
mer
–A
ge o
f the
Pre
dom
inan
tly G
entil
e C
hurc
h
Tru
mpe
ts
Ato
nem
ent o
r Y
om
Kip
pur
Boo
ths o
r T
aber
nacl
es
Cop
yrig
ht ©
Jeff
rey
Loh
200
62T
im2-
2.co
m
Mar
24
Dec
25
Aug
14
Oct
17
Oct
12
Oct
3Ju
n 12
Apr
23
2016
Mar
5D
ec 7
Jul 2
6Se
p 28
Sep
23Se
p 14
May
24
Apr
420
15
Mar
16
Dec
17
Aug
5O
ct 9
Oct
4Se
p 25
Jun
4A
pr 1
520
14
Feb
24N
ov 2
8Ju
l 16
Sep
19Se
p 14
Sep
5M
ay 1
5M
ar 2
620
13
Mar
8D
ec 9
Jul 2
9O
ct 1
Sep
26Se
p 17
May
27
Apr
720
12
Mar
20
Dec
21
Aug
9O
ct 1
3O
ct 8
Sep
29Ju
n 8
Apr
19
2011
Feb
28D
ec 2
Jul 2
0Se
p 23
Sep
18Se
p 9
May
19
Mar
30
2010
Mar
10
Dec
12
Jul 3
0O
ct 3
Sep
28Se
p 19
May
29
Apr
920
09
Mar
21
Dec
22
Aug
10
Oct
14
Oct
9Se
p 30
Jun
9A
pr 2
020
08
Mar
4D
ec 5
Jul 2
4Se
p 27
Sep
22Se
p 13
May
23
Apr
320
07
Mar
14
Dec
16
Aug
3O
ct 7
Oct
2Se
p 23
Jun
2A
pr 1
320
06
Mar
25
Dec
26
Aug
14
Oct
18
Oct
13
Oct
4Ju
n 13
Apr
24
2005
Mar
7D
ec 8
Jul 2
7Se
p 30
Sep
25Se
p 16
May
26
Apr
620
04
Mar
18
Dec
20
Aug
7O
ct 1
1O
ct 6
Sep
27Ju
n 6
Apr
17
2003
Feb
26N
ov 3
0Ju
l 18
Sep
21Se
p 16
Sep
7M
ay 1
7M
ar 2
820
02
Mar
9D
ec 1
0Ju
l 29
Oct
2Se
p 27
Sep
18M
ay 2
8A
pr 8
2001
Mar
21
Dec
22
Aug
10
Oct
14
Oct
9Se
p 30
Jun
9A
pr 2
020
00
Mar
2D
ec 4
Jul 2
2Se
p 25
Sep
20Se
p 11
May
21
Apr
119
99
Puri
mH
anuk
kah
Tis
haB
’Av
B’A
vSu
kkot
Yom
K
ippu
rR
osh
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hana
hSh
avuo
tPa
ssov
erY
ear
Cop
yrig
ht ©
Jeff
rey
Loh
200
52T
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