Functional Neuroanatomical Study of Inhibitory Response-Control: Activation and Neurochemical PET Brain Imaging: ( ) : PET

(- ) Neurochemical mappingDopamineAcetylcholineGABA

Neuroanatomical mapping15O-Water PET, FDG PETTasksNeuropsychological testsBehavioral study

(ADHD, OCD, , ) (methylphenidate, SSRI, detoxification)

ADHDOCD FTLD PET ([11C]Raclopride ) (FDG PET) ADHD CAARS

ADHD CAARS ADHD .

ADHD ADHD .

ADHD .

ADHD , , .

ADHD DSM AHDH .

: 700 - Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) - Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) - Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale(CAARS)

: DSM-symptom 65T - 70T - 65T ADHD .

: 32 ADHD . ADHD 15 .//

ADHD * P< .05 ** P < .01 *** P

ADHD OCD CPT .

CPT Go-NoGo .

CAARS ADHD 3 .

Stroop Color and Word TestColor Trails Test 14237658 : () :

Stroop Color and Word TestColor Trails Test stroop_interference . .

trail making .

ADHD . .

Chart5

14.2366666667

12.415625

3.4866666667

Mean

Stroop_interference

Sheet1

Descriptives

MeanStd. DeviationStd. ErrorADHDocd

GO_HIT124.7524.7522

24.750.45226701690.1305582420.45226701690.57735026923.6055512755

ADHD24.750.57735026920.14433756730.1305582420.14433756732.0816659995

ocd223.60555127552.0816659995

23.251.95982373980.5657523819ADHDocd

ADHD22.43752.92047370590.7301184265NGO_HIT123.2522.437522.3333333333

ocd22.33333333330.57735026920.33333333331.95982373982.92047370590.5773502692

0.56575238190.73011842650.3333333333

390.635833333395.168269488427.4727130037ADHDocd

ADHD367.66625150.093953414737.5234883537RT_GHIT1390.6358333333367.66625388.8533333333

ocd388.8533333333114.84652251366.306670688495.1682694884150.0939534147114.846522513

304.9591.37664727228.895833032927.472713003737.523488353766.3066706884

ADHD404.6315384615268.1665955174.3760315752

ocd399.543333333334.476609945519.9050800328ADHDocd

RT_NGCO1304.95404.6315384615399.5433333333

91.376647272268.1665955134.4766099455

28.895833032974.376031575219.9050800328

Sheet1

0000.1305582420.14433756730.1305582420.14433756732.08166599952.0816659995

0000.56575238190.73011842650.56575238190.73011842650.33333333330.3333333333

ADHD

ocd

Sheet2

00027.472713003727.472713003737.523488353737.523488353766.306670688466.3066706884

00028.895833032928.895833032974.376031575274.376031575219.905080032819.9050800328

ADHD

ocd

Sheet3

Descriptives

Stroop_interference

MeanStd. DeviationStd. ErrorADHDOCD

14.23666666676.66969310091.9253745536Mean14.236666666712.4156253.4866666667

ADHD12.4156254.67360812611.1684020315Std. Deviation6.66969310094.67360812616.2069101277

ocd3.48666666676.20691012773.5835612331Std. Error1.92537455361.16840203153.5835612331

Sheet3

14.2366666667

12.415625

3.4866666667

Mean

Stroop_interference

Chart6

34.166666666729.312542

56.7556.7581.6666666667

ADHD

ocd

Time (msec)

Sheet1

Descriptives

MeanStd. DeviationStd. ErrorADHDocd

GO_HIT124.7524.7522

24.750.45226701690.1305582420.45226701690.57735026923.6055512755

ADHD24.750.57735026920.14433756730.1305582420.14433756732.0816659995

ocd223.60555127552.0816659995

23.251.95982373980.5657523819ADHDocd

ADHD22.43752.92047370590.7301184265NGO_HIT123.2522.437522.3333333333

ocd22.33333333330.57735026920.33333333331.95982373982.92047370590.5773502692

0.56575238190.73011842650.3333333333

390.635833333395.168269488427.4727130037ADHDocd

ADHD367.66625150.093953414737.5234883537RT_GHIT1390.6358333333367.66625388.8533333333

ocd388.8533333333114.84652251366.306670688495.1682694884150.0939534147114.846522513

304.9591.37664727228.895833032927.472713003737.523488353766.3066706884

ADHD404.6315384615268.1665955174.3760315752

ocd399.543333333334.476609945519.9050800328ADHDocd

RT_NGCO1304.95404.6315384615399.5433333333

91.376647272268.1665955134.4766099455

28.895833032974.376031575219.9050800328

Sheet1

0000.1305582420.14433756730.1305582420.14433756732.08166599952.0816659995

0000.56575238190.73011842650.56575238190.73011842650.33333333330.3333333333

ADHD

ocd

Sheet2

00027.472713003727.472713003737.523488353737.523488353766.306670688466.3066706884

00028.895833032928.895833032974.376031575274.376031575219.905080032819.9050800328

ADHD

ocd

Sheet3

Descriptives

Stroop_interference

MeanStd. DeviationStd. ErrorADHDocd

14.23666666676.66969310091.9253745536Mean14.236666666712.4156253.4866666667

ADHD12.4156254.67360812611.1684020315Std. Deviation6.66969310094.67360812616.2069101277

OCD3.48666666676.20691012773.5835612331Std. Error1.92537455361.16840203153.5835612331

Sheet3

Mean

Stroop_interference

Descriptives

MeanStd. DeviationStd. Error

ADHDocd

CTT1_time34.16666666678.60056375882.4827689007CTT1_time34.1729.3142.00

ADHD29.31257.09665414121.77416353538.607.1012.29

ocd4212.28820572747.09459888462.481.777.09

ADHDocd

CTT2_time56.7511.53748830393.330585989CTT2_time56.7556.7581.67

ADHD56.759.29874543512.324686358811.549.3023.12

ocd81.666666666723.115651263413.34582747943.332.3213.35

000

000

ADHD

ocd

Go-NoGo taskTask 1 ADHD . OCD . Commission error .

Chart2

24.7524.7522

23.2522.437522.3333333333

ADHD

OCD

Sheet1

Descriptives

MeanStd. DeviationStd. ErrorADHDOCD

Go_Hit124.7524.7522

24.750.45226701690.1305582420.45226701690.57735026923.6055512755

ADHD24.750.57735026920.14433756730.1305582420.14433756732.0816659995

ocd223.60555127552.0816659995

23.251.95982373980.5657523819ADHDOCD

ADHD22.43752.92047370590.7301184265NoGo_Hit123.2522.437522.3333333333

ocd22.33333333330.57735026920.33333333331.95982373982.92047370590.5773502692

0.56575238190.73011842650.3333333333

390.635833333395.168269488427.4727130037ADHDOCD

ADHD367.66625150.093953414737.5234883537RT_GHIT1390.6358333333367.66625388.8533333333

ocd388.8533333333114.84652251366.306670688495.1682694884150.0939534147114.846522513

304.9591.37664727228.895833032927.472713003737.523488353766.3066706884

ADHD404.6315384615268.1665955174.3760315752

ocd399.543333333334.476609945519.9050800328ADHDocd

RT_NGCO1304.95404.6315384615399.5433333333

91.376647272268.1665955134.4766099455

28.895833032974.376031575219.9050800328

Sheet1

0000.1305582420.14433756730.1305582420.14433756732.08166599952.0816659995

0000.56575238190.73011842650.56575238190.73011842650.33333333330.3333333333

ADHD

ocd

Sheet2

00027.472713003727.472713003737.523488353737.523488353766.306670688466.3066706884

00028.895833032928.895833032974.376031575274.376031575219.905080032819.9050800328

ADHD

OCD

Sheet3

Chart3

390.6358333333367.66625388.8533333333

304.95404.6315384615399.5433333333

ADHD

OCD

Reaction-Time (msec)

Sheet1

Descriptives

MeanStd. DeviationStd. ErrorADHDOCD

GO_HIT124.7524.7522

24.750.45226701690.1305582420.45226701690.57735026923.6055512755

ADHD24.750.57735026920.14433756730.1305582420.14433756732.0816659995

ocd223.60555127552.0816659995

23.251.95982373980.5657523819ADHDOCD

ADHD22.43752.92047370590.7301184265NGO_HIT123.2522.437522.3333333333

ocd22.33333333330.57735026920.33333333331.95982373982.92047370590.5773502692

0.56575238190.73011842650.3333333333

390.635833333395.168269488427.4727130037ADHDOCD

ADHD367.66625150.093953414737.5234883537Go-Hit-RT390.6358333333367.66625388.8533333333

ocd388.8533333333114.84652251366.306670688495.1682694884150.0939534147114.846522513

304.9591.37664727228.895833032927.472713003737.523488353766.3066706884

ADHD404.6315384615268.1665955174.3760315752

ocd399.543333333334.476609945519.9050800328ADHDOCD

NoGo-Com-RT304.95404.6315384615399.5433333333

91.376647272268.1665955134.4766099455

28.895833032974.376031575219.9050800328

Sheet1

24.7524.75220.1305582420.14433756730.1305582420.14433756732.08166599952.0816659995

23.2522.437522.33333333330.56575238190.73011842650.56575238190.73011842650.33333333330.3333333333

ADHD

ocd

Sheet2

00027.472713003727.472713003737.523488353737.523488353766.306670688466.3066706884

00028.895833032928.895833032974.376031575274.376031575219.905080032819.9050800328

ADHD

ocd

Sheet3

Task 2 ADHD .

.

.Go-NoGo task

Chart1

63.333333333362.5625

18.7517.9375

ADHD

Sheet1 (2)

Regionstereotaxic coordinatesRegionstereotaxic coordinates

XYZXYZ

L meddle frontal gyrus-322438L inferior temporal gyrus-56-6-24

L angnlar gyrus-46-5236L superior temporal gyrus-4212-24

R superior temporal gyrus4418-40R inferior temporal gyrus72-24-20

R superior temporal gyrus5424-24R angnlar gyrus42-4660

L inferior occipital gyrus-36-92-8R postcentral gyrus34-4066

L middle frontal gyrus-483632L lateral frontoorbital gyrus-1416-18

L superior frontal gyrus-10-2276L anterior cingulate-214-10

L precentral gyrus-12-3684R middle temporal gyrus44-58-2

Sheet1

Descriptives

MeanStd. DeviationStd. ErrorADHDOCD

Go-Hit124.7524.7522

24.750.45226701690.1305582420.45226701690.57735026923.6055512755

ADHD24.750.57735026920.14433756730.1305582420.14433756732.0816659995

ocd223.60555127552.0816659995

23.251.95982373980.5657523819ADHDOCD

ADHD22.43752.92047370590.7301184265NGO_HIT123.2522.437522.3333333333ADHD

ocd22.33333333330.57735026920.33333333331.95982373982.92047370590.5773502692Go-Hit263.3362.56

0.56575238190.73011842650.33333333331.231.86

0.360.47

NoGo_Hit218.7517.94

0.971.95

0.280.49

390.635833333395.168269488427.4727130037ADHDocd

ADHD367.66625150.093953414737.5234883537RT_GHIT1390.6358333333367.66625388.8533333333

ocd388.8533333333114.84652251366.306670688495.1682694884150.0939534147114.846522513

304.9591.37664727228.895833032927.472713003737.523488353766.3066706884

ADHD404.6315384615268.1665955174.3760315752

ocd399.543333333334.476609945519.9050800328ADHDocd

RT_NGCO1304.95404.6315384615399.5433333333

91.376647272268.1665955134.4766099455

28.895833032974.376031575219.9050800328

Sheet1

0000.1305582420.14433756730.1305582420.14433756732.08166599952.0816659995

0000.56575238190.73011842650.56575238190.73011842650.33333333330.3333333333

ADHD

OCD

Sheet2

00027.472713003727.472713003737.523488353737.523488353766.306670688466.3066706884

00028.895833032928.895833032974.376031575274.376031575219.905080032819.9050800328

ADHD

ocd

Sheet3

000.1305582420.14433756730.1305582420.1443375673

000.56575238190.73011842650.56575238190.7301184265

ADHD

Descriptives

Stroop_interference

MeanStd. DeviationStd. ErrorADHDocd

14.23666666676.66969310091.9253745536Mean14.236666666712.4156253.4866666667

ADHD12.4156254.67360812611.1684020315Std. Deviation6.66969310094.67360812616.2069101277

ocd3.48666666676.20691012773.5835612331Std. Error1.92537455361.16840203153.5835612331

0

0

0

Mean

Stroop_interference

Descriptives

MeanStd. DeviationStd. Error

ADHDocd

CTT1_time34.16666666678.60056375882.4827689007CTT1_time34.1729.3142.00

ADHD29.31257.09665414121.77416353538.607.1012.29

ocd4212.28820572747.09459888462.481.777.09

ADHDocd

CTT2_time56.7511.53748830393.330585989CTT2_time56.7556.7581.67

ADHD56.759.29874543512.324686358811.549.3023.12

ocd81.666666666723.115651263413.34582747943.332.3213.35

Descriptives

MeanStd. DeviationStd. Error

Go-Hit263.33333333331.23091490980.3553345273Mean

ADHD62.56251.86077940660.4651948516Std. Deviation

NGO_Hit218.750.96530729920.2786602145Std. Error

ADHD17.93751.94828984840.4870724621

000

000

ADHD

ocd

Chart5

371.4658333333362.569375

363.816323.5730769231

ADHD

Reaction-Time(msec)

Sheet1

Regionstereotaxic coordinates

XYZ

R temporal lobe white matter28-3822

R parahippocampal gyrus10-400

R temporal lobe white matter38-5010

Regionstereotaxic coordinates

XYZ

L postcentral gyrus-64-1828

L frontal lobe white matter-32-838

L precentral gyrus-58-436

L insular-30208

L middle frontal gyrus-3450-6

R frontla lobe white matter242014

R middle frontal gyrus442830

R frontal lobe white matter243032

L supramarginal gyrus-56-4232

Sheet2

ADHDADHD

go_hit RT369.63375.92Go-Hit-RT371.4658333333362.569375

89.27166.2569.421890110596.2066521933

nogo_com RT304.95404.63NoGo-Com-RT363.816323.5730769231

91.38268.17164.273758383299.4324239023

ADHD

go_omm_err0.250.25

0.130.14

nogo_com_err1.752.5625

0.56575238190.7301184265

ADHD

go_omm_err0.671.44

1.231.86

nogo_com_err1.252.06

0.971.95

Descriptives

NMeanStd. DeviationStd. Error95% Confidence Interval for MeanMinimumMaximumDescriptives

Lower BoundUpper BoundNMeanStd. DeviationStd. Error95% Confidence Interval for MeanMinimumMaximum

RT_GHIT212371.465833333369.421890110520.04327.36415.5743979467225.03470.7Lower BoundUpper Bound

ADHD16362.56937596.206652193324.05311.30413.8342812743175.77577.2GO_MISS2120.671.230.36-0.121.44875268804

Total28366.382142857184.413424435115.95333.65399.114251792175.77577.2ADHD161.441.860.470.452.429039355106

RT_NGCO210363.816164.273758383251.95246.30481.3303675292169702.5Total281.111.640.310.471.743328374206

ADHD13323.573076923199.432423902327.58263.49383.6594893276164517NGO_COM2121.250.970.280.641.863326996803

Total23341.07129.801972880427.07284.94397.2005822377164702.5ADHD162.061.950.491.023.10067037806

Total281.711.630.311.082.346236743506

Sheet2

ADHD

Sheet3

00

00

ADHD

00

00

ADHD

00

00

ADHD

Modified CPT task ADHD , .

ADHD ISI .

.

. ADHD .

, .

NC < ADHDNC > ADHDP

NC < OCDNC > OCDP

vs OCD vs ADHD

ADHD inferior frontal middle frontal .

parahippocampal gyrus medial temporal .

OCD superior temporal gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior occipital gyrus . inferior temporal gyrus, postcentral area, anterior cingulate gyrus, orbitofrontal gyrus .

.

.

. FDG PET

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD)- Impairment in social conduct and personality change Frontotemporal dementia with motor neuron disease (FTD + MND)- Upper or lower motor neuron involvement Semantic dementia (SD)- Fluent speech with impaired naming and comprehension Progressive nonfluent aphasia (PA)- Nonfluent speech with agrammatism and anomiaPrototypic neurobehavioral syndromesFrontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)

NC > FTDp< .0001 uncorrected, k=100

NC > MNDP< .0001 uncorrected, k=100

NC > SDP< .0001 uncorrected, k=100

P< .005 uncorrected, k=100NC > PA

Different metabolic patterns between FTLD and AD Distinct metabolic patterns between clinical syndromes of FTLD Good correlation between metabolic patterns and clinical symptoms of FTLD

These data provide a biochemical basis of clinical classification of FTLD. FDG PET may help evaluate and classify patients with FTLD.

SUMMARY and CONCLUSION

clinically neurobehabioral sx 4 FTDMND SDPA . 1998 frontotemporal lobar degenaration international workshop Clinical criteria , insidious onset gradual progression ,

FTD interpersonal ettiquette , antiosocial behvior .MND ftd , m atrophy fasciculation motor neuron .SD comprehension Empty spontaneous speech . .PA nonfluent speech , personality change .

1998 frontotemporal lobar degenaration international workshop Clinical criteria , insidious onset gradual progression ,

FTD interpersonal ettiquette , antiosocial behvior .MND ftd , m atrophy fasciculation motor neuron .SD comprehension Empty spontaneous speech . .PA nonfluent speech , personality change .