1

....

16101635~1703,1665cell1632~17231667,.

()TEM()SEM( )

()()18391855

,()(1m)(1m).. (.. )..... ... .

(..)

.............

A.B.,,

DNA.RNA,

()(,)(.)(ATP)()CO2(..)(..)(2500)(20~100)

+O2CO2+H2O+(ATP)P~P~PAAMPADPATP()

1. 2.(. 3... CO2+H2O+C6H12O6+O2+H2O

(RER)(SER)

RERSERERendoplasmic reticulum

(RERSER)()

A.()B.

,,(H2O2),

:..

,(,)RNADNARNA(,RNA),(10000)

DNA RNA C

,()

.,(.)ATP

()1972

,

(,)

.........

..(DNA)ATP..

2

()()(9Kcal/g)DNARNA(ATP).

(H2O),70%(2/3)(H=mst),

()NaCl()

()(:)

C(H2O)n ,().()()()3~10()

(C6H10O5)n():,.

(ATP)().+O2CO2+H2O+(ATP)

(C5H10O5)12345612345(C6H12O6)

()

ABA. B.

CO2+H2O+C6H12O6+O2+H2O+O2CO2+H2O+(ATP)

()

C.H.O.N.S,20 5~10 (n>100).

DNA RNA

(4Kcal/g).(),,PH..()

20C.H.O.N(S)

(.),Fe3+O2

C.H.O,S.P,,

9Kcal/g,.(,)(,)

()

C.H.O.N.PDNA()RNA(),ATP(A.G).(C.TU)ATP(Tri:).ADP(Dou:)AMP(Mono:)

DNA RNA

DNARNADNA()

DNA()1123453535

DNADNA DNARNA RNA

(),:.. (NaHCO3 + HCl NaCl + H2CO3)

(),

()

,

().()

A.B.

(),,..(),,..,

,,37, ,Pb2+.Hg2+.Cd2+,

0~45,(0),,(55),,(PH=2~3),(PH=8)

3

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()

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,

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()

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.,,,,

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...()(),,(),.() 45%()55%(),

>>(350~500)>(30)>(5000~1)(120)>(2~14)>(4),,,ATP,()

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,..(..)(..)

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