, 1267.

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1 2 1. 2,3,41.2, 42.42.1 43.43.34.14.15.25.2

? ? ? ? ? , . . ? 1- ?

+ + q=0 2- +()=q() 1- (,)dx + Q(x,y)dy=0 =f(x) 2- (. .)P(x)Q(y)dx + M(x)N(y)dy=0

P(x)Q(y)dx + M(x)N(y)dy=0 dx dy. . . . , .

2- y+py+qy=0+p+q=0 ( -)

D= DY = C1 +C2D=0K1=K2=KY = C1 +C2xD

2- .y=f(x) : y= y=dy/dx dy/dx, .. y= , ,

1- y+ () = q (x) y+ () = q (x) p(x) q(x). v(x) = u(x) = y= u v=

P(x,y)dx + Q(x,y)dy=0 y=zx dy=zdx + xdz y dy

4 9 , 3 10 15, 4 16 5

() : ,

: , . , . , .