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ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 1: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

*sme,fausmfrrav;

(1) umzD (2) t0,fESifhta&mf (3) jrufuav;wpfyif (4) awG;wpdrfhpdrfh (5) acrm&D (6) 8em&D 15 rdepf

Page 2: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

umzD

*sme,fausmf rrav;

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wJay:üvrf;bufodkUacgif;jyKvQuf toufaysmufoGm;aom OD;csufBuD;\cEmudk,fBuD;rSmaocgeD;rS 0rf;Adkufu azga&mifazgif;onfhtwGuf vSrf;vSrf;uMunfh&if awmifbdkUuJhodkU jrifrdkYaeaom xdkAdkufBuD;onf atmufydkif;wydkif;vHk; udk uG,fae\/ aoolum;rcsdrqefUemusifaom rsufESmjzifh wGefU½IHUae\/ a0'emcHpm;ae&wkef;uJhodkU yg;pyfw0uf[ ae\/

Page 3: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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txl;ojzifhajcESifhvufonfvlUvufvlUajcrsm;ESifhrwlbJ?qifhvufqifhajcuJhodkU cHk;cHk;BuD;wif;ajymifwkwfazmif; rJoJae\/ tusÐ0wfcJvSaom OD;csufBuD;onf ao&mwGifvnf; tusÐ0wfrxm;acs/ tjyifoGm;vQif0wf&efxm;aom zsiftusÐvufwdk wpfxnfrSm azga,mifvmrS pGyfvdkUoGwfvdkU r&ojzifh ajc&if;bufwJx&Hü csdwfvsuftwdkif;yif &Sdae onf/ tusÐay:ü xHk;ajcmufa&mifyk0gwpfydkif;wifcsdwfxm;avonf/ yk0gav;rSm aMuEGrf;aysmhzwfaeavNyD/ oGm;p&m vmp&m&SdvQif acgif;wGif&pfywfum vlxJolxJ 0if&aomypönf;rdkU OD;csufBuD;\ toHk;taqmifxJü xdkyk0gonf vl&m 0ifaom ypönf;wpfckjzpfonf/ aMuEGrf;aysmhzwfaeomyk0guav;onf wJx&Hü wGJavmif;usae&mrS olUudkpGefUypfxm;cJh onfhtwGuf rajzEdkif&Sm? azsmhavsmhaMuvGifhaevsuf vGifhumvGifhum idkjy&Smonf/ aEG?rdk;?aqmif;OwkoHk;yg;vHk;tusÐt0wfenf;cJhítavmif;\0rf;- &if&Sdtom;ta&onfuRJta&uJhodkU eufMuKwf Murf;xlíaeay\/ tdkrif;rpGrf;&SdcgrS napmifh'&0rfvkyfjcif;jzifh toufarG;0rf;ausmif;&aomaMumifh ntdyfysufzefrsm; xm;jcif;udk az:jyaeaomrsufvHk;tpHkrSm toufaysmufwmESifh a[mufcsdKifh0ifoGm;MuavNyD/

tavmif;ab;ü wJx&HjzifhrSDFaxmifxm;aom awmifa0S;wpfacsmif;ESifh ntcg*dka'gifywfywfvnfa&SmufvSnfh Munfh&ef ola|;uay;tyfxm;aom vufqGJrD;tdrfuav;wpfvHk;&Sdonf/ awmifa0S;ESifhvufqGJrD;tdrfwdkUvnf; ]] usKyfudkypfoGm;awmhb,foleJUae&rSmvJawmh}}[k atmf[pfidka<u;ae&Sm aom a':vHkrBuD;ESifhtwlvdkufí rsuf&nfawmufawmufusaebdouJhodkUyif/

a':vHkrBuD;onfwJcg;yef;rSacgif;udk xlaxmifvQuf udk,fBuD;udkaemufodkUaumhvefypfum ]] taoqdk;avjcif; ....at...udkbdk;csuf&JU}}[kxyfíidka<u;rnfwrf;vdkufpOf zkwfzkwf....zkwfzkwfESifh 'kef;csajy;vmaonajcoHrsm;udk Mum;rdí wJcg;yef;ay:odkU jyefudkif;usawmhrnfh udk,fBuD;udkxdef;vQuf acgif;udkvdrfí Munfhav\/ NcH0if;av;xJodkUqHyif zdk;½dk;zm;vsm;jzifh rdef;rESpfa,muf uqkefcsajy;vmaeMu\/ wJay:ra&mufcifyif ]]tba&....tb&JU}}[k NydKifwloHukefatmf[pfac:Muum ajy;wufvmMuonf/ atmf[pfvmMuaomtoHrsm;onfrD;avmif&mavyifhay;vdkufovdk a':vHkrBuD;\rD;tHk;xm;aom tonf;ESvHk; udk avmifNrdKufoGm;acs\/ w[kef;[kef xç

Page 4: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

awmufoGm;um olwdkUESifhtwla&mí tm;&yg;&BuD; atmfidkjyefav\/

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rBudKifESifh rNrdKifonf tavmif;em;wGifrsufESmb,fvdkxm;&rSef;rodMuí jrefjrefacgif;udk iHkUcsvdkufMuum rsuf ESmudkuG,fí 0Sufxm;vdkufMu\/ a':vHkronf tavmif;BuD;udk jyefvSnfhMunfhum vufrsm;udkuspfuspfygatmifqkyfvsuf BudwfrEdkifcJr&jzifh ]]ydkufqHwjym;rSr&SdvdkU awmfaomufcsifvSwJhumzDa&udk 0,frwdkufwmygawmh? usKyfwoufvHk;pdwfraumif;atmif vkyfoGm;wmvm; udkbdk;csuf&JU....}}atmfBuD;[pfus,fidkajymvdkufav\/ rBudKifwdkYvnf; &ifxJü eifhoGm;Muum rsuf&nf awGwaygufaygufusvmMuonf/

a':vHkronf &ifememESifh ckESpfoHwufí [pfatmfidkajymvdkufav\/

Page 5: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

Mum;&olwdkif;rnfuJhodkUaeMurnfrod? a':vHkronf olUtoHudk oljyefMum;rdum ajym&if;?idk&if;rwfwwfrS t&yfudk tm½Hka&mufoGm;vsuf? ,ckaetcgt&yfomvQifudk;uG,f&m[k ypftm;udk;vdkufrd\/ rBudKifESifhrNrdKifonf iHkUae&mrS wdkufaemufaz;wHcg;aygufrS xGufMunfhaeaomolrsm;udk vSrf;armfhMunfhvdkuf Muonf/ vlawGMunfhaejcif;udk jrifumrS ydkíidkcsifvmum w½IYH½IHUidkMujyefavonf/ rBudKifonf idkaecdkufwGifvsifaom rsufpdjzihf tarhudk vufwdkUjyvdkufum]]tba&....tb? orD;awGufk xMunfhygtHk;vm;....tb&JU}} ,lBudK;r&jzpfpGm &if uGJrwwfatmif idkvdkufjyefonf/ wu,fawmhvnf; xç Munfhapcsifonfhpdwfuawmfawmf? yg;pyfzsm;wGifuysmu,m&Sm&aompum;vHk;jzifh {nfhonfa&mufvmí idkjyvdkufcsifaomaMumifh idkjy&&Smonf/

wdkuftdrfay:rSqif;umwJ\NcHa&SUodkU a&mufvmaom om;om;em;em;0wfpm;xm;onfh rdef;rudkjrifjrifcsif; a':vHkrBuD;onf vsifjrefaomt[kefjzifh wJatmufodkUa&mufatmifqif;um ajy;í c&D;OD;BudKjyKavonf/ ]]orD;BuD;&,f....tarBuD;awmh rkqdk;rjzpfygNyD....? tarh'ku©udk jrif0Hhao;&JUvm;.....u,fMuygtHk; orD;wdkU&JU}} tifrwefYudk c,ç0wå wdk;vdQK;atmufusdKYEdkifaom toHav;wkefwkefESifh wJ0uqD;idk&if; c&D;OD;BudKqdkvdkuf avonf/ owif;ar;vm;aomrdef;rrSm wJem;odkYra&mufao;cif &yfvsuf rsufeSmraumif;pGmjzifh a':vHkrBuD;udk pdkuf Munfhaevdkufao;onf/

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]]trBuD;&,f....tay:wufyg-wufyg}}[k awmif;awmif;yefyef ajymac:Muaomfvnf; owif;ar;vmaom rdef;ronf wJay:odkYwufxdkif&ef cJ,Of;ae\/ OD;csufBuD;\ tavmif;BuD;ESifh orD;ESpfa,muf xdkifaejcif;jzifhyifwJykwf uav;rSmae&mjynfhoavmuf&Sdae&m wJay:odkUrwufvdkbJ wJujyifwGif ajcwGJavmif;csvdkufum udk,fapmif; 0ifxdkif vdkufonf/ ntdyf&m0if rsufpdxJjrifaernfpdk;í tavmif;BuD;udk pdkufNyD;rMunfh&JbJ wcsufom vSrf;Munfh½HkyifMunfh vdkuf\/ xdkaemuf rsufESmraumif;vSbJ NidrfoufpGm&SdaeyHkudkjyaom rcsrf;rom[eftrlt&mrsm;onf a':vHkrBuD;wdkU tm;ESpfodrfhaeouJhodkU tylonfwpfpk\&ifxJü cHom&m&oavmuf&oGm;Muonf/ ]] cHvdkuf&wmaemf....rrmwmoHk;vavmuf&Sdrvm; ]cif} wdkUvJrtm;wmeJU

Page 6: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

wacgufrSowif;ar;awmif ra&muf bl;}}

OD;csufBuD;raocifu wacgufrS ra&mufEdkifcJhjcif;twGufrdrdtm; cGifhvTwfapcsifaom oabmjzifh tajymrsdK; vHk;vHk; r[kwfapumrl? 0wfauswef;ausMunfhaumif;atmifajymaeapumrl? wdkufESifhwJESifhuyfaeygvsuf rrmwkef;u wacgufwavrSvmar;prf;azmfr&jcif;udk a':vHkrBuD;\pdwfxJü rnfodkYrSrjzpf? rnfodkUrSratmufarhonfudk usrf;usdef íyifajym&Jonf/ wdkufay:uvlrsm; rusef;rrmjzpfvQifom udk,futcsdefra&G; oGm;ESdyfeif;ay;&onf/ ypönf;&Sifrsm;u cifcifrifrif ESdyfeif;cHMuum? wdkufxJodkU 0ifEdkifcGifh xGufEdkifcGifh &Sdjcif;uyifeJwJhaus;Zl;r[kwfbl;[k atmufarh&ao; onf/

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þodkUtm;jzifh waeukef waecrf; wtdrfwuf wtdrfqif; avQmufoGm;&vsuf [dkwdkufu onftdrfuay; vdkufurf;vdkufMuaom wusyfig;rl;aiGudk cg;xJü vdrfxnfhum naeapmif;rS tdrfjyef&pNrJjzpfonf/ a':vHkrBuD;\ EIwfzsm;u csdKcsdK-csdKcsdK ajymwwfjcif;udk em;0ifom csdKMuaomfvnf; &ifxJuawmh rcsdKMuay/ pum;ajymvQif olUudk,fol tar....tar[k xnfhajymwwfí? tlxJur[kwfaomfjim;vnf; tar....tar[k yg;pyfzsm; uawmh

Page 7: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

0dkif;ac:wkefYjyefMuyg\/ ]]tarhudkawmh tm;emyg&JU....? cav;tESD;av;awG avQmfay;prf;ygtar&,f....}}[kajymum ]]tm;remygeJU....orD; BuD;&JU? cdkif;p&m&Sd&ifac:omcdkif;? tarubmrStvkyfr&SdwmorD;vnf;tod? 'djyifaumbmavQmfay;&tHk;rvJay;....orD;}} [k vdkwmxufydkatmif &Tef;&Tef;a0a0 ajymwwfqdkwwf vkyfay;wwf\/

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OD;csufBuD;rrmaewkef;u ajcOD;yifvSnfhrMunfhMubJ idkoHMum;rSowif;ar;vmaom wdkufay:uvludk a':vHkr BuDu cGifhrvTwfEdkifp&mtaMumif; bmrSr&Sd? cGifhrvTwfEdkifonfh vlwef;pm;csif;vnf;r[kwf? pdefawGa&TawGoD;aeaom vlcsrf;omrwpfOD; wJukyfuav;ay:a&mufvmojzifh tr*FvmtcgBuD;üyif r*Fvm&Sdoa,mifa,mif/

]] b,fvmEdkifyghrvJorD;BuD;&,f....orD;BuD;rSm a0,sudpöu trsm;om;....tarodygw,f? ckvdkvmwmbJ wtm;ygbJ orD;&JU? tarhtm;udk;p&m[m orD;ygbJ? b,fol&SdvdkYwkef;? oluawmh tarhudkypfoGm;NyDaygh? tarawmha&SU a&Smuf 'ku©a&mufygNyDorD;&,f....}} a':vHkrBuD;onfyg;ay:odkY toG,foG,f,dkpD;usvmaom rsuf&nfrsm;udk tusÐvufzsm;uav;qGJvsuf yGwf okwfum acgif;rarmfbJ w½Iwf½Iwfidkajymaeav\/

ajym&if;ajym&if; tvGefYtvGefvnf;0rf;enf;vm\/ OD;csufBuD;oHk;vavmuf rrmaeonfhtcdkuf? '&0rfrvkyf Edkifojzifh ola|;ucsufcsif;vlpm;oGif;ypfvdkuf&m oHk;vtwGif; b,furS0ifaiGr&SdMubJ wusyfig;rl;&zdkYta&; wtdrf wufqif; oGm;cç, zdkY&efrSmvnf; vlrrmtem;ü xm;cJhzdkY&ef vlcGJr&Sdojzifh vmbfydwfjcif;twGuf vlrrmESifhvnf; w&ef? om;orD;rsm;ay;urf;axmufyHhEdkifaomaiGuvnf; rjzpfpavmuf? vlrrm\twGuf tpdk;&\ tcrJhjrefrmaq; ay;½Hkuq&mhqDrSm aq;oGm;awmif;&wmvnf; ta0;BuD;? ukef;aMumif;avQuf&vGef;vdkU 'l;awGawmifqmaeNyD..../

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Page 8: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 9: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 10: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 11: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 12: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 13: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 14: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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raEG;0,fonfnbuftcsdefrawmfBuD;oGm;qdkufrSmpdwfylaeavonf/ukd,fhNrdKU? udk,fh&Gm jzpfayonfh tcsdefrawmf BuD;rwuf0Hh? &GHUonf? NrdKU&Gmrjidrfoufí &efukefodkYajymif;&TUaecJhonfrSm 8 ESpfcefY&Sdawmhrnf/ 'DtawmtwGif; wacgufrS jyefra&mufbJNrdKYESifh tqufjywfaeonf/ vlomNrdKYESifhtqufjywfvsuf vkyfief;rSm tqufrjywfacs/ raEG;0,fwdkY\qefpufrSm raEG;0,foGm;rnfh NrdKYESifh q,fhig;rdkifavmufa0;aomae&mwGif&Sdavonf/ raEG;0,frSm i,fpOfuyifrdbr&Sd? tzGm;ESifhBuD;jyif;&onf? t*Fvdyfacwf 10 wef;atmifNyD; tzGm;u aumvdyfausmif;odkY ydkUvdkufí aumvdyfwGiftdkifattxufwef;txdaecJhNyD;? ppfjzpfcgeD;tzGm; u pdwfrcsí ausmif;xGuf&umudk,fhNrdKUudk,fh&Gm jyefae&onf/ raEG;0,fwdkY\qefpufwGif tkyfpD;aeaomOD;aemifrSm qefpufBuD;ESifh zGm;bufjzpf\/ tzGm;pufwnfuwnf;u OD;aemifudkvHk;vHk;vTJtyfxm;onf/ OD;aemifNyD;vQifudpötm;vHk;NyD;onf/ wESpftwGufpufuvnfí &orQtcESifh v,f xGufpyg;rsm;Budwfaom qefta&mif;t0,f? pyg;ta&mif;t0,fvkyfief;wckvHk; OD;aemifoabmtwdkif; rsufESmvGJxm; avonf/ NrdKY&GmrNidrfoufí ajr;tzGm;ESpfa,muf&efukefodkUa&TUajymif;vmcJhMuonf/ &efukeftaemufydkif;ü wdkufcef;uav; iSm;aeMuvsuf? pufrSydkYaomaiGjzifh ajr;tzGm;ESpfa,muf cyfuspfuspf oHk;pGJaexdkifMuonf/ OD;aemifrSm&GmuqefpufrS raEG;0,fwdkU NrdKUay:utdrfodkUa&Tajymif;aevsuf qefpufodkYaeUpOf tvkyfqif;avonf/

raEG;0,frSm tvkyftudkifr&SdbJ wdkufcef;xJwGif tcsdefukefae&jcif;twGuf nnf;aiGUvSonf? tzGm;u ausmif; qufaecGifhvnf;rjyK tvkyfvkyf&efvnf;cGifhray;? ]]wdkUajr;tzGm;ESpfa,mufxJ[m? avmufiSom;eJU? at;at;aq;aq; aeprf;....}}[k qdkojzifh tvkyftudkifr&SdbJ? tdrfxJü ydefvdeffae&avonf/ tzGm;\nDr tarzHkonf rMumao;rDu tnmrSa&mufvmonf/ &SpfESpfvHk;vHk; wHcg;csufcs ydwfxm;aom wdkufcef;uav;xJrS raEG;0,fudk wHcg;zGifhay;vdkufolum; tarzHkjzpfavonf/

Page 15: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

qefpufrSvpOfay;ydkUaeaom OD;aemif\pm&if;wGif tufpfattrfbD qef0efaxmuf w½Hk;vHk;udk vmbfxdk;&aom pm&if;rsm; tNrJygwwfavonf/

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yg;&nf&Sd&w,f? olrsm;ajcz0g;atmufuESdrfhcsNyD; pum; ajym&w,f? t0,feJUjzpfrxifygbl;....}} ]]rD;pifMunfhu&wmayghtzGm;&JU? olrsm;ajcz0g;atmufupum;ajymzdkUrvdkygbl;? olrsm;acgif;ay:uwufNyD;vJ ajymzdkUrvdkygbl;? w&m;twdkif; vrf;twdkif;rSefrSefayg....}} tzGm;rSm raEG;0,f\avoHudkrBudKufacs/

raEG;0,foGm;&efawmfawmfESifhcGifhrvTwfao;bJ tif;rvkyf tJrvkyf Mum&Snfvkyfaeavonf/ tarzHkrSm raEG;0,fylpmvGef;í tcGifhay:wdkif;vTwfzdkUcsnf; wGef;ay;ae&onf/ ]]'Dt&G,foifaezdkUrvdkygbl;? ynmawGoifxm;wm b,frSmtoHk;csrSmvJ? tckumvukefonfydkif;rSmrdef;rawGOD;pD; vkyfaeMuwmcsnf;bJ? trajr;udk vifay;pm;wmvJ r[kwfeJU? tdrfacgif;xJoGwfxm;Nyd; bmvkyftkef;rSmvJ....}} tzGm;onfMumawmhem;ylvmonf/ xrif;Murf;,yfcyfpm;csifonftxd at;at;aecsifoljzpf&m? em;yljcif;udkrcH Edkif/ ]]olBudKufwJhvif ol,layghat? vif,lrSm ruefYuGufygbl;awmf....}} raEG;0,fonf ]'gjzifhvif,lawmhrnf}[k ajymvdkufcsifonf/ tdrfxJoGwfxm;í vif,lrSbJ tjyifxGuf&awmh rnf [katmufarh&awmhonf/ tarzHkonf raEG;0,ftm; wdwfwdwfae&ef rsuf&dyfjy&onf/ ]]vifawmh,l? tvkyfwmhroifeJUqdkwm r[kwfao;ygbl;tr&JU? olvkyfcsifwm oloifcsifwm usr&Sdwkef; oGm; vkyfygap? oifygap? uJ- ajym&wm&Snfw,f? MumvSw,f? aemufwywfoabFmeJUvdkufwmoGm;? udkaeemifhqDudkvnf; taMumif;Mum;xm;vdkufaygh....}} tzGm;onf tvTwfcsifvSbJ em;ylvGef;í cGifhjyK&awmhonf/ ]]'DavmufjzpfvSwm oGm;av? ydkbJaumif;vmrvm; ydkbJqdk;vmrvm;? MunfhMuao;wmaygh....}}[k jrnfwGefqdkajymvdkufonf/ raEG;0,fonf tarzHk\aus;Zl;aMumifhtdrfu xGufcJh&onf/ ppfrjzpfcifausmif;ydwftjyef oabFmOD;cef;ü tNrJ pd;aeusjzpfonf/ Od;cef;\ oefYjyefUvGwfvyfjcif;udk ESpfNcdKufoljzpfonf/ taz:rygwpfa,mufwnf;jzpfí OD;cef;vuf rSwf,lvdkuf&m? rdv’mcef;BuD;xJpD;&ef vufrSwfcHrdonfhtwGuf pdwftaESmifht,Sufjzpf&onf/ oabFmxGuf&ef vufrSwfppf*vdkifacgufoHMum;&onf/ *vdkifoHMum;&rS tdrfomcef;xJrS &Jom;xGufvmum tdrfomwHcg;udkzGifhxm;cJhvsuf tjyifodkUjyefxGufoGm;avonf/ raEG;0,fonfwHcg;rydwfcJhí &Jykvdyftm;pdrf;pdrf;0g;0g; Munfhvdkufonf/

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cyf&G,f&G,f&Jom;ykvdyfwpfOD; 0ifvmjyefonf? ykcHk;wGifaoewfvG,fxm;um ykqdk;udkwdkwdk 0wfxm;onf? raEG;0,ftm;cyfpdkufpdkuf MunfhoGm;um tdrfomcef;xJodkU 0ifoGm;jyefav\/ raEG;0,fonf rsufvHk;uav;apGMunfhvsuf? wHcg;zGifhvdkufí vHk;xGufvmaomteHUaMumfih vufudkifyk0gESifhESm acgif;ydwfvdkufonf/ &Jom;onf wHcg;jyefrydwfbJxGufoGm;jyefonf/ olwdkU0ifwdkif;xGufwdkif;om 'DteHUawG½SLNyD; wHcg;apmifhydwfae &&iftcufygbJ[k pdwfnpfvmav\/ toufatmifhvsuf tdrfomwHcg;udk oGm;aqmifhydwfNyD;aemuf? vl0ifvlxGuf wHcg;aygufudk qGJaphcJhum avwdkufaomae&mqDodkU ajy;vTm;í touf½SLxkwf&avonf/ ukvm;xdkifudk avaMumif; bufodkUa&TUajymif;xdkifonf? r*¾Zif;pmtkyfzwfaepOf &Jom;ykvdyfrsm;wpfa,mufNyD;wpfa,muf tdrfom0ifMuxGufMu onf? wHcg;jyefydwfroGm;vQif xajy;ydwf&\/ aeonfcsdKaysmhvsuf arSmif&dyfoef;vmonf/ rD;yGifhrsm; vif;xdefvmavonf? rD;a&mifatmufodkU ukvm;xdkif a&TUum rqHk;ao;aom0wåKudk qufzwfaeonf/ 0wåKqHk;rS xrif;pm;&efowd&um tjyifbufxrif;qdkif&Sd&myJhydkif;odkU xGufvmcJhonf/

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(2)

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Page 18: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

tb'DrSmvkyfae&wm ½Hk;uwbuf?pufuwbufeJU tvkyfrvnfEdkifbl; uGJU? pufudktbMunfhraygh? ½Hk;tvkyfudkt0,fvkyfyg? tbqufoG,foifjyay;r,f....}} t0,frSm i,fpOfuwnf;uOD;aemifvufay:wGif BuD;jyif;cJhum EGJUqdk;qdk;vmoljzpfonf/ OD;aemifuavat;at; ESifhacsmhajymaepOf]]pufxJvJ t0,fvdkufrSmayghtb&JU}}[k 0ifatmfvdkufonf/ ]] aeYwdkif;rvdkufeJU? wcgwavomvdkuf? bwfpfum;eJUoGm;&wm zHkwaxmif;axmif;eJU? aeuvJylvdkufyg obdeJUt0,f&,f? eufjzefus&if½Hk;oGm;NyD; pmcsKyfMur,f }} ]] tb? qefuwefcsdefb,favmufcsKyfrSmvJ}} ]]'Dwygwfawmhwefcsdef 120? tdwfaxmifhESpf&m pmcsKyf&r,f? tckwywf&yf&Sm;tufpftrftufpfqefrcsKyfbl;? *syefqefBudwf&vdrfhr,f }} raEG;0,fonf*syefqefBudwfay;&rnfqdkí qefuGJtrSwfudk ppfaq;Munfhonf/ ]]ESpfq,fhig;rSwf-q,fhig;rSwftpm;pm;bJ? olwdkUuawmhjzLaeatmifBudwfcdkif;wmbJ? Munfh½Ivkyf&wmbJt0,f? 0efaxmufeJUpmcsKyfNyD;&if pufxJudk olwdkUpma&;vTwfxm;vdrfhr,f....}} ]] qef½Hk;0efaxmufu b,fvdkvlpm;vJtb}} OD;aemifonf ½kwfw&uftajzbJ qdkif;iHhpOf;pm;aeonf/ qef½Hk;0efaxmufrSm ajymif;vmwmrMumao;bJ vlopf jzpfaeojzifh vluJcwf& cufaeonf/ ]]0efaxmuftopfu vlat;yg....}} aemufwaeUwGif raEG;0,fonf OD;aemifESifhqef½Hk;vdkuf&ef 0wfpm;NzD;vdrf; jyifqifaeav\/ OD;aemifonf raEG;0,ft0wftpm;vJaeaomtcef;tjyifbufrSaeí raEG;0,fudk vSrf;owday;vdkufonf/ ]] t0,fa&....&efukefrSm0wfovdk odyfajymifajymifa&mifa&mifawG 0wfrvmcJheJUa[h....}} ]]bmjzpfvdkUwkef;tb&JU}}[k raEG;0,fu tcef;xJrS jyefar;onf/ ]] 'D½Hk;ogm;&if odyfaumif;wm0wfoGm;vdkUrjzpfbl;a[h? qefpufydkif&Sifqdk&if odyfn§if;Muwm? t0,fwdkU0wfyHkpm; yHkeJUqdk&if ig;usyfwpfq,feJU NyD;awmhrSm r[kwfbl;? tbawmhqefa&mif;oGm;&if csnfvHk;csnfcyfEGrf;EGrf;eJU oGm;&w,f}} raEG;0,fonf ODaemif\ylyefrIudk oJonf[kwGufonf/ tufpftrfbD qef½Hk;uawmfawmf OD;aemifuoJoJ[k xifjrifrdavonf/ ]]taMumif;od&atmiftb&,f? ajymifajymifzdwfzdwfawG 0wfcJhr,f}}[k OD;aemiftm;&GJUwJhwJhajymMunfhvdkufonf/ ]]rjzpfbl;t0,f....awmfpGa&mfpG0wfcJh? vufaumufawGBudK;awGvJ tm;vHk;jzKwfxm;cJh? txifBuD;NyD; olwdkUvdk csifoavmufr&&if tvkyfrNyD;atmif n§Of;xm;vdrfhr,f}} OD;aemif\toHrSm pdk;&drfjcif;jyif;jyaeayonf/ raEG;0,frSm0wf&efxkwfxm;aom befaumufvHkcsnftopfudk aowåmxJodkU jyefxnfhvdkufonf/ wdkb&ufudk csnfvHkcsnfudk ajymif;0wfvsuf ]]tba&....a&TZmvHkcsnf0wfcJhr,f}}[k atmfajymvdkufonf/ OD;aemifonfa&TZmvHkcsnf[lí acgif;eyef;BuD;oGm;onf/ aemufaz;rSxGufvmaomZeD;onftm;]]at;xdkif....eifh wlrudk qef½Hk;uvlawGtaMumif; ajymrxm;bl;vm;....[? [dkrSma&TZmvHkcsnf0wfrvdkUwJh}}[k uwkefu,ifvSrf;ajymav onf/

Page 19: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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OD;aemifOD;acgif;xuf&SdazmhOD;xkyfumuDydwfponf vefaeaomtxJupuúLrsm; twdkif;om;ay:aeonf/ ajcwGif pD;xm;aom t0wfBudK;pD; zdeyfwpfzufwGif jyLxGufaeaom ajcrxdyfydkif;udkjrif&\/ olUvufxJu oajyrSnfha&mif wkwf aumufBuD;rSm taoG;ta&mifwajymifajymifjzifh <um;<um;0g0g&SdvSum tbESifhwkwfaumufBuD;ESifhwjcm;pDbJ[k xifrd onf/ OD;aemifonf wkwfaumufBuD;udk [efvTJaxmufvsuf cyfokwfokwfavQmufavonf/ t0,frSmab;u uyf avQmufvm&if; ajymifvufaeaom wkwfaumufBuD;ukd oabmusvmavonf/ qef½Hk;xJodkU 0ifoGm;Muaomtcgü pm;yGJcHkawGwGif tvkyfvkyfaeMuaom pma&;pmcsDwpfpkonfOD;aemifESifh ygvm aomraEG;0,fudk vSrf;pdkufMunfhaeMuonf/ raEG;0,frSm w½kyfaoG;pyfvsuf t&yfjywfjywf? tom;jzLjzLazG;azG;? rsuf vHk;rsufzefawmfvSum yg;a&eyfa&jzifh zswfvwfoGufvufaom*dkufrsdK;ay:avonf/

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ukvm;xdkifwGifxdkifum OD;xkyfudk&ifü ydkufxm;avonf/ ]]&efukefb,fvrf;rSmaeygovJ}} 0efaxmuf\az:a&TaomrsufESmudkMunfh½SKtuJcwfvsuf]]taemufydkif; 15 vrf;rSmaeygw,f&Sif....}}[k jyefMum; vdkufonf/ qef0if;axmufrif;onf qufpufqif;tvkyfvkyfrnfh raEG;0,f\ ½kyf&nf½lyum,udkMunfhvsuf qefpuf vkyfzdkU raumif;bl;? ausmif;q&mrvkyfzdkUaumif;w,f[k pdwfxJürSwfcsufcsaeonf/ ]]uRefawmfhtcuftcJu *dka'gifae&mbJOD;&J? 0,fxm;wJhqefawG ae&may;Edkifatmif tawmfpDpOfay;ae&w,f? *dk a'gifrvHkavmufvdkU aemufwvHk;aqmufzdkU txufudk pmwifxm;w,f? OD;wdkUpufu wefcsdefb,favmuf oGif;rvJ}} OD;aemifonf udk,fwdkifrajzbJ raEG;0,fudkvSrf;Munfhvdkufonf/ raEG;0,fu]]wef 120 &Sdygvdrfhr,f}} [k 0ifajz vdkufonf/ ]]qefawmhtrSwfjynfhatmifBudwfay;rSbJ? aemufrSy,f&ifraumif;bl;? tpdk;&ay;wJhaps;u qefukefonfawGt wGuf rqdk;ygbl;....}} ]]'guawmhpdwfcsyg 0efaxmufrif;? qefpuftvkyfu OD;tvkyfygbJ? *½kpdkufNyD;jzLatmif Budwfay;yghr,f? ½Hk;eJU qufoG,fNyD;ta&mif;t0,fvkyfrSmuawmh 'DuwlrBuD;uvkyfrSmrdkU 0efaxmufrif;u todtrSwfxm;yg cifAsm }} ]] aumif;ygNyD....tcuftcJ&Sd&if ajymyg....? 'DaeYpmcsKyfrvm;....}} ]][kwfuJh....csKyfyghr,f}} umudabmif;bD&Snf? &Syfvuf&SnftjzL0wfxm;aom ukvm;wpfa,mufonf 0efaxmuftcef;xJodkU 0ifvm onf/ olUvufxJü erlemqefxkyfrsm;ygvmum raEG;0,ftm;apmif;iJhMunfhvsuf qefxkyfrsm;udk pmyGJay:odkU wifvdkuf onf/ ]]uJ....OD;wdkU pmoGm;csKyfvdkuftHk;r,f....cGifhjyKygOD;....}} OD;aemifxí raEG;0,fvnf;vdkufxonf/ 0efaxmuftm;EIwfqufvsuf tcef;xJu xGufvmcJhMuonf/

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yg;pyf0dkif,mvufowif;onf wcHkrSwcHkodkUysHUESHUul;oGm;um raEG;0,f tm;trJzrf;rnfhrsufvHk;wdkUjzifh pHkpHknDnDvSrf;MunfhaeMuonf/ pmcsKyfpm&Guay:ü a&ppöBwDvkyfxm;aom pufeHygwf? pufydkifemrnfrsm;udk½dkufcsNyD;aemuf a&SUqufr½dkuf ao;bJ? xoGm;vdkuf? xdkifvdkuf? rsufESmudkvufudkifyk0g xkwfokwfvdkufvkyfae&if; raEG;0,f\ vufudkiftdwfBuD;qDodkY rsufvHk;pMumjzefYaeavonf/ raEG;0,fonf cyfayghayghcyfqdkif;qdkif; tcsdefqGJvkyfaeaom pma&;\t&dyftuJudkcwfvsuf OD;aemifudk rsufvHk; yifhíMunfhvdkufonf/

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OD;aemifonfpufBuD;vnfaeoíumvywfvHk; olwdkUESifhruif;Edkifojzifh olwdkUrMungromjzpfvQifraumif; [k,lqum xyfrHíacsmhajymjyefavonf/ ]]wlarmif&maemufwcgrSydk,lyguGm}}[k cyfwdk;wdk;iHkUajymvdkufonf/ aemufxyfpmcsKyf½dkufrnfhw½kyfBuD;wpfa,mufonf pmyGJcHkem;odkUa&mufvmonf/ ]]b,fhES,fvJaxmifuJBuD;}}[k pma&;ujyHK;umEIwfqufvdkufonf/ OD;aemifudk tbufrvkyfcsifovdk ta&;rpdkuf awmhbJ w½kyfBuD;ESifhpum;vufqHk usaeav\/

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OD;aemifonf oufjyif;udkrodromcsvsuf raEG;0,fudk rsufpwzufypfum ar;xdk;í aemufxyfig;usyfxkwf&ef vufig;acsmif;pkyl;jyvdkufonf/

raEG;0,fonf rsufeSmeDeDeSifh vufudkiftdwfudkzGifhvsuf aemufig;usyfwefw&Gufxkwfum puúLxyfatmufodkU xdk;oGif;vdkufonf/ ydkufqHn§pf&rvm;[k pdwfxJürMunfom? a0rQpm;aeMuaom jynfawmfompdwfrsdK;rarG;? ukefonf &nfr0ao;olyDyD aiGwq,fudk Esarsmaeavonf/ OD;aemifrSm rsufESmBuD;wif;oGm;vsuf cgwdkif;ig;usyfay;aeusu? wq,fEIef;wufoGm;jcif;aMumifh rauseyfaom rsufESmxm;BuD;ay:aeavonf/ w½kyfBuD;ESifhpum;vufqHkusaeaom pma&;BuD;\toHonf raEG;0,fvufudkiftdwfzGifhvdkufwmESifh toHjywf ogm;um pum;udktwif;jzwfvdkufNyD; quf½dkufvdkufonf/ aiGwq,frsufESmjzifh vufESdyfpuf½dkufoHrsm;rSm tqufr jywf 'uf'uf 'uf'uf jrnfaeav\/ tpdk;&ESifhqefta&mif;t0,fpmcsKyf½dkuf csKyfNyD;aemuf qefrsm;xnfh&ef *HkeDtdwfxkwfay;rnfhpma&;cHkodkU oGm;Mu& jyefonf/ pmyGJESpfvHk;,SOfaeaom pma&;ESpfa,mufonf wpfOD;udkwpfOD; rsufvHk;tcsufjyum jyHK;íaeMu\/ a&ToGm;ESifh uGrf;pm;aeaom tom;jzLjzLpma&;u olxdkifaeaom ukvm;xdkifudk aemufodkUvSefvdkufum ]]bBuD;aemifwdkUpuf odyfyG aewmbJ}}[k qdkvdkufonf/ ]]ryGygbl;armif&,f....? [dkuEIwf? 'DuEIwfeJU pm&dwfawmifrumrdbl;}}[k ajymumpmcsKyfpm&Gufrsm; urf;ay;vdkuf onf/ raEG;0,fem;odkYuyfvsuf avoHjzifh ]] olwdkUudkwpfa,mufESpfq,fhig;usyfpDay;&w,f}}[k ajymvdkufí raEG;0,f u ]]rsm;vSacsvm; tb&,f....}}[k jyefajymvdkufonf/ em;yg;vSaom a&ToGm;wyfxm;onfhpma&;onf &,foGrf;aoG; vdkufav\/ ]]rrsm;ygbl; trwdkUola|;awG&JU o'gaMu;yg}} [k &Jwif;pGm cyfus,fus,f jyefajymvdkufonf/ raEG;0,fonf tdwfxJrS aiGig;q,fudkxkwfí OD;aemfivufxJodkU xnfhvdkufonf/ pma&;onf aomhwGJBuD;udk cg;wGifcsdwfum ]]udkif;....OD;av; *dka'gifudkvdkufcJh}}[kqdkum a&SUu xGufoGm;avonf/ raEG;0,fESifhOD;aemifrSm pma&;aemufu vdkufoGm;Mu\/ raEG;0,frSm pdwfxJü atmifhoufoufESifh tcH&cuf aeonf/ [efvTJíaxmufvmaom OD;aemif\vufxJrS Muufoa&&SdvSaom wkwfaumufBuD;onf raEG;0,f\rsufpdxJ ü½Iyfaejyefav\/ *dka'gifa&SU&Sd cHkwef;üxdkifaeaom '&0rfukvm;onf pma&;tm;qvHay;um tav;jyKavonf/ ]]*HktdwfcsKyfbdkUBudK;yg olUtwGufus aygifcsdefeJUay;w,f....}} raEG;0,fonf prf;w0g;0g;jzifh awmifMunfhajrmufMunfhaeavonf/ *HkeDtdwfxkwfay;aompma&;onf tdwf 1200-udk a&wGufowfrSwfum o,f,lcGifhjyKavonf/ OD;aemifonf '&0rfukvm;em;uyfí wdk;wdk;-wdk;wdk; ajymae onf/ raEG;0,fonf odcsifojzifh tem;odkUuyfoGm;onf/ ]]r&Sdbl;qyf....'gbJ&Sdw,f}} '&0rfukvm;onf *HktdwfcsKyfaom

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BudK;tBuD;pm;udkjyum acgif;cgavonf/ ]]BudK;tao;udk txJrSmodrf;xm;w,fuGJU? tBuD;,loGm;awmh aygifcsdefrSm BudK;eJaeawmh udk,fupdkufcsKyf 0,f& w,f....? tao;,lrS rsm;rsm;&NyD; udk,furpdkuf&w,f}} raEG;0,fonfBudK;vHk;BuD;udkjyum ajcmufaeaomulvm;\rsufESmudk Munfhcsifpdwfr&Sdí]]uJyg....tb&,f b,f avmufay;&rvJ....}}[k a'gojzifhaigufqwfqwfav;ar;vdkufonf/ ]]oHk;usyf- oHk;usyf}} ]]ta&;....trm;....oHk;usyf-vm;....? ig;usyfay;qyf....ig;usyf}} OD;aemifonfpdwfwdkvmumwkwfaumufBuD;udk tv,fuaeí uspfuspfygatmif qkyfudkifvdkufNyD;aemuf Elwf crf;arG;wHk;wdwdonf rwfaxmifvmvsuf rsufvHk;rsufqefjyL;jyL;jzifh Budrf;0g;[def;a[mufvdkufav\/ ]]w,f....'Dukvm;[m....oHk;usyfqdkrS}} a&ToGm;ESifh*HkeDtdwf xkwfay;aompma&;onf OD;aemif\a'go[efyeftrlt,mudkMunfhvsuf [uf[ufyuf yuf&,farmvdkufum cyfokwfokwf xGufoGm;avonf/ (3) aeuyljyif;vSonf/

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bufrS tukeftusydkrsm;onfhtwGuf tzGm;qlawmhrSmudk awG;vefYaeayonf/ raEG;0,fonf aqmifh&rf;vIyfcgaeaomum;xJü ajrmufvdkuf? cgvdkuf? aqmifhvdkufjzifh vrf;wavQmufvHk; tMurf;ywrf;'PfcHvm&if; udk,fhudk,fudk a'goxGufvmavonf/ tdrfwGifat;at;aq;aq;ae&vsufESifh udk,fh'ku© udk,f&Smwm[k pdwfqdk;rd&mrS qufvufí pdwfysufp&mrsm;udkyg wodwwef;BuD; avQmufawG;rdjyefavonf/ qefpufydkifa&mufaeí tufpfattrfbD½Hk;om;rsm;onf qefpufodkY rMumcP aysmfyGJpm;xGufMuonf/ raEG;0,fonf ½Hk;om;rsm;\atmf'gt& acR;wvHk;vHk;jzifh xrif;csuf&avonf/ pufxJü pm;p&maomufp&m rsm; vdkavao;r&Sdatmif pHkpHkvifvif toifhjyifqifxm;&onf/ pufxJodkU aysmfyGJpm;xGufMuaom t&m&SdwdkUonf olawdkUrdwfaqGtaygif;toif;rsm;yg ac:cJhum? pufxJü ae ukefaecef;aysmfMu\/ pm;vdkufMu? aomufvdkufMu? wD;MurIwfMu? zJupm;Mu..../ raEG;0,frSm rsufESmuav;csdKxm;um pufydkif&SifyDyD NyHK;NyHK;&Tif&Tifuav; {nfh0wfysLiSmvkyf&av\/ pufxJodkU aysmfyGJpm;wpfcgxGufMuvQifaiGESpf&mavmufacsmoGm;jcif;aMumifh &ifxJü EHk;csdcsdjzpfaeavonf/ onfMum;xJ]]b,fhES,f &Sdp}}[laom OD;aemif\rsufvHk;BuD;onf tm;vHk;xuf tcH&tcufqHk;jzpfaeonf/ pufrSqefBudwfNyD; &Sif;wrf;pm&if;vkyfvQif aiGukefaMu;usrsm;wmawG ay:ukefrSmaMumifh &ifav;av;jzifhBudK; pm;NyD; &Tif&TifjyHK;jyHK; {nfhcHcJh&onf/ raEG;0,fonfrdrdvmrS tydkqm'gukefusaeaom aysmfyGJpm;p&dwfrsm;twGuf ql awmhrSbJ awG;awm&if; &ifylvmavonf/ &ifxJuyl? aeuyl? zkwfuyl? vrf;uMurf; um;bD;onfcsdKifhxJodkU xdk;usoGm;avonf/ raEG;0,fonftHBudwf vsuf rsufvHk;rSwfvdkufum Zufuav;yk0ifoGm;avonf/ jyif;xefpGmaqmifhvdkufaomaMumifh rsufaphrsufESmysufatmif atmifhoGm;av\/ raEG;0,fESifhtwlygvmaom a':at;xdkifonf csdKifhBuD;xJodkU bD;usoGm;onfESifh ]]tr,fav;awmh....jrwfpGm bk&m;}}[k atmfvdkufonf/ um;a&SUrS ausmfjzwfwufoGm;aom avmfvDum;BuD;wpD;onf ? aemufum;xJodkUzkwfrsm; qkyfyuf usDp,foGm;onf/ raEG;0,fonfacgif;y:tkyfxm;aom rsufESmokwfyk0gpudkqGJí uysmu,mESmacgif;ydwfvdkuf onf/ tvmwkef;u ESmacgif;ydwfcJh&aom {&m0wDrD;oabFmudk oGm;trSwf&avonf/ {&m0wDoabFmpD;cJhpOfu tcef;xJ0ifum tdrfomwHcg;zGifhonfh&Jom;rsm;ESifh wvrf;vHk;tqifrajyjzpfcJh&onf/ ,ckum;vrf;wGif bwfpfum;xJ &Jom;rygí pdwftm;i,fae&onf/ pufydkifrSef;odí vljyefay;qGJrSmaMumufaMumufjzifh um;&yfwdkif; wxdwfxdwf&efYae& \/

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ay;vdkuf&ef txyfxyfrSmvdkufonf/ raEG;0,fonf qeftifpyufawmftm; aiGwpf&mcefYay;&eftwGuf vufwGefYaeonf/ tukeftusrsm;vGef;tm; BuD;aeí bJheJU&Sd&Sd ig;q,fxufydkray;[k qHk;jzwfvdkufonf/ um;onfNrdKUxJa&mufí aps;qdyfü qif;Muonf/ qeftifpyufawmfonf zkeftvdrf;vdrf;ESifhjzpfvmaom raEG; 0,ftm; ]]pufxJuvmovm;}}[k qD;ar;vdkufonf/ raEG;0,fonf qefpufxJodkUaysmfyGJpm;xGufvmMuaom ½Hk;om; rsm;tm; rnfolrnf0grdwfqufNyD;jzpf\/ qeftifpyufawmfvnf; qef½Hk;ü ta&;BuD;olrSef;odí rsufESmcsdKaoG;vdkuf& avonf/ ]][kwfuJh....qefpufuvmygw,f? qefBudwfNyD;vdkY erlemESifhpm&if;udk tifpyufawmfrif;qD ,lvmygw,f...? usr udk*dka'gifae&m jrefjrefay;yg tifpyufawmfrif;&,f....}} qeftifpyufawmfonfNyHK;vdkuf\/ vufravmuftjym;&Sdrnfh a&TvufywfBudK;rSem&Dudk [efygygjzifhajr§muf Munfhvdkuf\/ ]]'DaeYawmh 'Dpm&if;twGufrrSDbl; xifw,f....}} raEG;0,fonf aiGig;q,fxkwfum pmyGJcHkay:u pm&GufatmufodkY xdk;vdkufNyD;]] tifpyufawmfrif;twGuf ig; q,f}}[k ajymvdkufonf/

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vdkufonf/ ol&aeusaiGw&mudk jzwfawmufay;onfhtwGuftaMumif;jyvdkuftHk;rSbJ[k rsufESmxm;wif;xm;av\/ raEG;0,fonf pdwfysufpGmjzifh a':at;xdkifbufodkU rsufvHk;apGMunfhvdkufonf/ a':at;xdkifonf rsufESmndK ndKESifh ra,mifrvnf vufESpfacsmif;yl;jyvdkufonf/ raEG;0,fonf yifhoufcsav\/ raEG;0,frSmapmapmu bwfpfpum;aqmifhonfxuf ydkatmifhoGm;av\/ aiGESpf&mrsm;vGef;í w&mhig;q,fusyf ,l&efqpfcsifao;onf/ w&mhig;q,fqpfvQif uyfoD;uyfoyf vkyfaejyefNyDvm;[k oHk;&mravsmhbJ wif;cHaerSmpdk;& onf/ raEG;0,fonf qeftifpyufawmfrif;\ ndKykwfaeaom rsufESmBuD;udk wpdrfhpdrfhMunfhrdonf/ rd½dk;zvm ewfudk;&wmxufqdk;yguvm;[k awG;rd\/

twdrf;tapmif;rcH0Hhjcif;aMumifhaiGESpf&mwifajr§mufyo&ef rsufaphrSdwf&av\/ ]]uJyg....tifpyufawmfrif;&,f? *dka'gifae&m&bdkU ta&;BuD;ygw,f? OD;aemifay;aeusxufydkay;&r,fqdk&ifvJ usr ESpf&m ay;yghr,f? b,fvdkrS ratmufarhygeJYaemf....? usrua&mufpqdkawmh tvkyfodyfem;rvnfao;bl;? *dka'gif ae&m&bdkUom jrefjrefpDpOfay;yg&Sif....}} raEG;0,fonfqef½Hk;ujyefí tdrfa&mufvQifa&mufcsif; &ifESifrqHhatmifrsdKvmcJh&aomtvHk;BuD;udk tHxkwfvdkuf av\/ rdrdvmívkyfudkifonfhtwGuf b,fbufurS roufomonfhtwGufaMumifh a'gydkyGvmonf/ ]]aemuf olwdkYudk ylaZmfyobdkU bmawGusefao;vJ tBuD;&JU....ajymprf;ygtHk;? wuwJrSbJ&Sif....vGefvGef;w,f}} a':at;xdkifonf a'gazmif;vmaom raEG;0,fudkMunfhum c&D;a&mufrqdkufawmfawmfESifhrajymcsif? at;at; xdkifNyD;rS cyfajz;jz;ajymavonf/ ]]usefao;w,fwlr&JU....*dka'gifae&m&&if qeftdwfawG pufu,lvmawmh *dka'gifpma&;udk cgwdkif;awmhig;q,f ay;&wmbJ? *dkifa'gifxJoGif;zdkU tvkyform;xrf;wJhqeftdwfawGudk ycHk;ay:rSmbJ wtdwfcsif; qefxdk;wefeJU paumcHNyD; xdk;cswmbJ? trBudKuf&ify,faygh? xdk;azmufvdkUusvmwJh qefawGudkZumeJUcHwm[m wtdwfudk EdkYqDbl;w0ufxm;yg? tdwfaygif;waxmifausmfausmfu uswJhqefol,lNyD; a&mif;pm;wmbJ....}} ]]*dka'gifae&m&NyD[mbJ....olUudk bmjzpfvdkUig;q,fay;&rSmvJ}} ]]b,favmufvufcH&&SdaMumif;ay;wJhpm&if; bDvfrMuhhHMumatmifay;&wm? 'DvdkbJ pufydkif&Sifwdkif;ay;Mu&w,f? waeYu udkaemifudk cifAsm;pufydkifudkajymvdkuf? ig;q,fr,lbl;vdkU qdkvdkufowJh}} a':at;xdkifonfajymNyD; oufrBuD;csvsuf ]][if;....acwfBuD;udku olpm;igpm;bJ}}[k oHa0*toHrsdK;jzifh nnf; aeonf/ ]]'gbJvm;tBuD;&JU....'gtNyD;bJvm;}} a':at;xdkifonf eDjref;aeaom raEG;0,f\rsufESmudkMunfhvsuf] pdwfwdk&efaum}[k atmufarhrd\/ a&SUquf ajym&efrsm;udk jyefpOf;pm;vdkuf&onf/ pOf;pm;aewkef; raEG;0,fu xyfatmfar;jyefonf/ ]]b,fNyD;tHk;rvJ....t0,f? olYqDu bDvf&awmhrS

Page 27: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

qef½Hk;,lvmNyD;wif&w,f? wif;aygif;? aygifaygif;? ta&mh wGufb,favmufusw,fqdkwm pm&if;jyefwGufcsufNyD; usoifhaiG bDvfvkyfay;wJhpma&;udk ESpfq,f-tpdwfay;&w,f? tJ'D bDvf&awmhrS aiGxkwfay;bdkU 0efaxmufvufrSwfxdk;NyD;awmhcsufvufrSwfxkwfay;w,f....? csufvufrSwfxkwf ay;wJh pma&;vJ aiGwq,f-q,fhig;usyf atmufwef;ay;&w,f}} raEG;0,fonfqdkif&mqdkif&mt&m&SdBuD;BuD;i,fi,fudk yo&aomaMu;udk udk,fawGYrsufjrifjzpfawmhrS OD;aemift ay:ü ,HkrSm;oHo,rsm; uif;oGm;avonf/ OD;aemifvkyfaewmu oufomao;awmh[k awG;awmrdum tukeftusydk rsm;í rsufESmaumif;r&bJ qlyGufawmhrnfh tzGm;rsufESmudk wa&;a&; jrifa,mifaeavonf/ ]]t0,fvmvkyfumrS ydkqdk;ygw,ftBuD;&,f....}}[kavoHaysmhaysmhjzifh ajymvdkufonf/ a':at;xdkifonf raEG; 0,f\avoH aysmhvmawmhrS EIwfvQmoGufvmavonf/ ]]t0,fvmvkyfwmtvkyfawmhem;vnfwmaygh? 'gayrJh tukeftusrsm;wm tbdk;BuD;vJ pdwfraumif;bl;? waeU ubJ qef½Hk;uvkwpfa,muf tbdk;BuD;eJUoGm;awGUw,f? tpdk;&u pufxJrSmxm;wJh olwdkUydkif zGJtdwf? qefuGJtdwfawG twGuf *dka'gifae&mc tdwfEIef; pufydkifudkjyefay;awmh? wESpfvHk;twGuf pkpkaygif;usoifhaiG udk;&mqdkvm;bJ? pma&;udk bDvfpm&if; vkyfcdkif;wm oHk;vavmuf&SdNyD? rNyD;Edkifbl;? tJ'DaiGudk;&mxJu olUudk oHk;&may;bdkU pufydkifajymay;ygoGm;ajym vkdU tbdk;BuD;eJUpum;rsm;Muao;w,f}} raEG;0,fonf ,ckacwfpD;yGm;&Smpm;zdkY&m olUpdwfeJU rjzpfbl; wGufrd\/ qefpufBuD;ydkifum aiGvHk;aiG&if;udkif vsuf tvkyfvkyfaraompufydkifBuD;u 126 usyf &aom pufxJu trfpDpma&;uav;\ ajcovHk;zufí pD;yGm;&Sm&rIudk rESpfNrdKUbJ xrif;udk qm;ESifhom jzL;pm;vdkufcsifawmhonf/ ]]csufvufrSwf&jyefawmhvnf; rNyD;ao;bl;? aiGwdkufrSmoGm;xkwf&if tpGef;wGu tpdwfoHk;q,frsm; b,fawmh rS r&bl;rSwfxm;? tJ[dkaiGwdkufu jzwf,lvdkufMuwmbJ....}} raEG;0,frSm pum;ajymcsifpdwfukefcrf;oGm;av\/ aiGwdkufü oGm;xkwfaomaiGudk tpdk;&u tvum;ay;w,f rSwfvdkU jzwf,lMuwmvm; [k awG;aeav\/ ]][dk wywfqefBudwfwkef;u ukwftuÐscsKyfay;&wJhukvm;[m yxrtpu ig;usyfavmufeJUNyD;aewm? aemuf awmhr&ygbl;? ukwftusÐcsKyfay;bdkU twif;ylawmhwmygbJ? 'gaMumifh &efukefydkUvdkufwJhpm&if;rSm ukwftuÐsbdk; 45-usyf ygoGm;wm....}}

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Page 28: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

raEG;0,fonf qefrsm;udk *dka'gifxJta&muf a&SYa&Smufí pcef;oGm;&tHk;rnfh vkyfief;pOfBuD;udkawG;um pdwfarm aepOf tdrfa&SUbdeyfcRwfodkU oli,fav;wa,mufa&mufvmonf/ ]]bmudpövJa[mh ....}}[k a':at;xdkifu vSrf;ar;um raEG;0,ftm; rsufpypfí rJhjyvdkufonf/ ]]qef½Hk;u udkaomif;wifvTwfvdkufw,f....? eufjzefn a&Tref;wifarmifyGJtwGuf zsq,fcsyf0,fay;ygwJh}} a':at;xdkifonf raEG;0,fudk rsufvHk;jyL;Munfhvdkufonf/ raEG;0,fonf rMum;csifrodcsifojzifh ausmcdkif;um rD;zdkbuf xGufoGm;av\/ ]]tBuD;wdkUa&m....rMunfhMubl;vm;}} ]]rif;wdkYqef½Hk;udk MunfzdkUjy&awmhrS wdkUub,frSmMunfh&awmhrvJuGJU? wdkUMunfhbdkUtwGuf rif;wdkUbJMunfhawmf rlMuyg}} oli,fav;onf rJhrJh&GJU&GJUajymaeaom a':at;xdkifESifh Mum&SnfrsufESmcsif;rqdkif&atmif &,farmumajy;qif; oGm;onf/ (4) {&m0wDrD;oabFmonf aemufqHk;OMoqGJvdkufonf/

oabFmonfqdyfurf;ESifhcGmvdkuf\/ eHeufa0vDa0vif; ESif;jzLruGJwuGJwGif qdyfcHay:rS OD;aemif\rsufESmudk yDyDoorjrif&awmay/ raEG;0,fonfoabFmyJhrS&yfí NrdKUudkvSrf;í Munfhrdonf/ oabFmyJhydkif;ü tumt&Hr&Sdí avonfw[l;[l; wdkufae\/ jrLESif;awGMum;xJü rdIif;aeaomNrdKUudkMunfhum raEG;0,fonf oufjyif;udk csavonf/ aps;uGufbufrS qef½Hk;udk rSef;qí Munfhav\/ qef½Hk;rS t&m&SdBuD;i,fwdkU\rsufESmrsm;ay:vmum &ifxJ wGifavmifvmavonf/ qdkif&m t&m&SdwdkUjzifh qufoG,fcJh&aom vkyfief;BuD;wpfckvHk;onf tdyfrufvdk wa&;a&;ay: aeonf/

raEG;0,fonf &yfae&mrS &ifxJüwif;usyfvmí zsmay:ü tomuav;xdkifcsvdkufonf/ oabFmOD;cef;rSm rdv’mapmfeHvGef;í yJydkif;bufü todrdef;rMuD;wpfOD; xdkifaeaomzsmay:wGif 0ifxdkifavonf/ touf 50-cefU&Sdaom rdef;rBuD;rSm tnmapmifuav;vTrf;jcHKvsuf auG;tdyfaeav\/ raEG;0,fonf oabFmay:&Sd c&D;onfrsm;ukd vSrf;Munfhvdkufonf/ vlrsm;jynfhusyfvsuf ajccsp&myifae&m r&Sdacs/ OD;bufrSrdv’meHU uif;a0;aomfvnf; oabFmatmufxyfü wifaqmifvmaom Muufjcif;awGxJrSMuufeHUESifh a& pnfydkif;xJrS ig;nD§eHUrsm;onfavoifhvQif wcsufwcsuf ty:odkU pl;pl;0g;0g; vGifhwufvmonf/ c&D;onfwdkY\pum;oHrSm oabFmxJwGif vHk;nHaeavonf/ raEG;0,fonf toHAvHrsm;? teHUtoufrsm;jzifh NiD;pDpDjzpfum EGrf;[dkufvmavonf/ nuvnf;wnvHk;tdyf raysmfcJh? awmfawmfuav;nnfheufrS tdyfaysmfoGm;onf/ tzGm;uwwGwfwGwfqlyGufaeonf[k tdyfrufrsm;yif rufcJh av\/ ]]t0,f....vSJvdkufygtHk;vm;....}} zsmay:ü auG;aeaomta':BuD;onf vufaxmufí xxdkifvdkufum ajyusaomolYqHyifrsm;udk ywf&if;vSrf; ajymvdkufonf/ ]]rtdyfcsifygbl; a':a':&,f....MuufeHUu tm;BuD;acgif;tHkwmbJ}}

Page 29: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

]]'Dvrf;uoabFmpD;&if 'DteHUawmheHpNrJbJ? OD;cef;xJrSmrS reHrSm....}} ]]OD;cef;xJu teHUuomqdk;ao;w,f? rpifeHUa':a':....t0,f vmwkef;uOD;cef;pD;vmw,f....? eHvdkufwmr ajymygeJYawmh}} ta':BuD;onfapmifjcHKudkcGmum jcif;awmif;xJrS aq;vdyfudkukef;EdIufvsuf rD;jcpfjcpfn§dNyD; ]]t0,ftvkyfvm vkyfwm ae&mus&JUvm;}}[k ar;vdkufonf/ raEG;0,fonf rD;cdk;rsm;Mum;rS ta':BuD;\ tdyfcsifrajyao;aom rsufESm udk cyfpif;pif;Munfhaevsuf acgif;cgjyavonf/

]]pufydkifawG tckacwfrSm awmfawmfyGMuw,f? wcsdKUrsm;&Sd&if;pGJ qefpufwvHk;u aemufwvHk;awmifxyfwnf EdkifMuao;w,f....}} ]]tckacwfpD;yGm;&Sm&wm trIxrf; t&mxrf;awGeJU yif;NyD;v,fEdkifrSyGwmyg? t0,fwdkYvdk ½dk;½dk;om;om; rdef;r om;&SmwmrsdK;awmh ryGygbl;a':a':&,f? t0,fawmhtckacwfrSmpD;yGm;&SmcsifwJhpdwfudk wpufrSr&Sdawmhbl;}} raEG;0,fonf ajymNyD; olYEIwfcrf;uav;udk wif;MuyfpGmpdvsuf &ifxJ0,fyifhoufudk rQif;csaeavonf/

]]tvdk....bmjzpfvdkUvJ? a':a':wdkYu a':MuifarT;BuD; &efukefajymif;oGm;rS pD;yGm;a&;bufrSm tawmfrsufvHk;yGifh w,fvdkY pkajymaeMuao;w,f? b,fwkef;urS oleJUrcGJUwJhajr;awmif? a&jcm;ajrjcm; tvkyfvkyfcdkif;aeNyDvdkU ajymaeMu ao;w,f}} raEG;0,fonftdyfaysmfaewkef; jzKef;ueJvmESdK;í vefYoGm;ovdkyif qwfueJ udk,fuav;vIyfcgoGm;avonf/ ]]tzGm;u vTwfwmr[kwfygbl; a':a':&JU? tarzHkvmvdkU twif;em;ylcdkif;NyD; t0,hfbmomt0,f vmvkyf Munfhwmyg? t0,fhudktdrfurvTwfcsifbl;? tb&Smay;wmbJ at;at;aq;aq; pm;aecsifwm....tarzHku r&ruajym ay;vdkY rvTwfcsifvTwfcsifeJU vTwfvdkufwm....}} ]]aMomf....[kwfvm;}} raEG;0,f\rsufESmuav;onf n§dK;i,foGm;avonf/ ]]vTwfcsifvJvTwfMunfh ydkbJaumif;vmrvm;?ydkbJqdk;vmrvm; MunfhMuao;wmaygh}} [k tzGm;xHrS aemufqHk; Budrf;armif;ajymvdkufaompum;udk em;xJwGif Mum;a,mifvsuf acgif;cJvmjyefav\/ ]]t0,fawmh tdrfa&muf&if tzGm;qlawmhrSmbJ a':a' jyefrvTwfawmhrSm aocsmw,f}} ]]bmjzpfvdkYwkef;uG,f}} ]]pufuBudwfNyD;oGif;vdkufwJh qefawGudk &efukefjrpfxJrSm EdkifiHjcm;qef0,fwJhoabFmBuD;u y,fcsvdkufvdkU qefukefonfawGpka&mf&r,fhtxJrSm t0,fwdkY qefawGyg-ygw,f....? tJ'g tzGm;udk oGm;ajymjy&tHk;rSm}} ]][if....b,fvdkaMumifhvJ....? tpdk;&u qefodrf;wkef;u ppfaq;r,lbl;vm;}} ta':BuD;rSm rsufaphrsufESmysufvsuf? rsufESmü aoG;r&SdbJ jzLazsmhaeaom raEG;0,fudk ai;Munfhar;aeonf/ ]]ajymawmifrajymcsifygbl; ta':&,f....? pufxJrSmBudwfaeuwnf;u usvmwJhqefawGudk olwdkUpma&;udk,f wdkifapmifhxdkifNyD;Munfhaewm? atmufwef;rDatmif olwdkYtBudKuf tjzLqdktjzL? tndKqdktndKBudwfay;&wm? pufBudwf NyD;um;ay:wifawmhvnf; wtdwfcsif;

Page 30: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

vmppfMunfhvdkufao;w,f? NrdKUu *dka'gifa&mufawmhvnf; rtyfcif roGif;cif wtdwfcsif; ppfvdkufwmrS wtdwfNyD;wtdwf qefxdk;wefeJU azgufMunfhppfwm....? olwdkUauseyfvdkY vufcHNyD;ydkufqH&Sif; ay;NyD;rS tckoabFmBuD;u rwifvdkU y,fcsrS a&mfMu&rSm? wqifhNyD;wqifh erlemawGppfaq;NyD;rS tckvdka&mf&r,f qdk awmhta':bJ pOf;pm;Munfhawmh....?rBudKuf&ifapmapmxJu y,f&r,f? qef½Hk;u ppfaq;wJhvlawGudk vcay;xm;wm ydk raebl;vm;....}} ta':BuD;onfacgif;udk ndwfumndwfum em;axmif&if; ]]t0,fwdkYqefrSef; b,fvdkvkyfodovJ}}[k jzwfar; vdkufonf/ ]]qeftdwfawGrSm pufuwHqdyfeHygwf½dkufxm;awmh b,fpufuqdkwm csufcsif;odwmaygha':a':&JU? tJ'Dqef awGudk oGif;wJhaps;ray;awmhbJ? tnhHpm;aps;EIef;jzwfNyD; ydkwmawGjyefa&mf&rSm....}} ]] 'Dvdkqdkawmhvnf; rudkufbl;aygh....}} raEG;0,fonfrsufESmudk ½IHUrJhum ]]rudkufwmawmh....rajymygeJUawmh ta':&,f? qefBudwfaewkef; oGif;wJh tyfwJhtxd aomufaomufvJay;&wmwGuwrsdK;? *dka'gifoGif;NyD;jrpfxJa&mufawmhvnf; a[m....tcka&mf&tHk;rSmu wrsdK;? pD;yGm;a&;&Smpm;wmrsm; enf;enf;rS raumif;ygbl;}}[k qdkav\/ ]]'DvdkayghuG,f....ukefonfqdkwm azmif;vdkufydefvdkufaygh}} qefpufrSoGif;vdkufaom qeftdwf 1200 rSm pD-bDay:ü ygaeum ty,fpm&if;xJ0ifae\/ raEG;0,frSm tzGm;tm; tusdK;taMumif;ajymjyum ta&mftpm;ay;zdkU aiGawmif;&rnfhtwGuf &efukefodkUudk,fwdkif tjrefvdkufcJh& onf/ OD;aemifay:ü oHo,&Sdí tvkyfqif;umrS rsufESmaumif;r&/ rsufaphrsufESm rvSjzifh jynfawmfjyefcJh&onf/ raEG;0,fonf armarmjzifhzsmay:ü acGvSJvdkufavonf/ ta':BuD;u olUudk,fucGmxm;aom apmifudk raEG;0,fudk,fay:odkYwifay;&if;]]uJ....tdyftHk;....tdyftHk;}}[k ajymum qif;oGm;avonf/

raEG;0,fonf rsufvHk;rsm;rSwfvsufauG;ae\/ qefpufBuF;udk wa&;a&;jzifh jrifa,mifwkef;yif&Sdao;\/ puf xJwGifvnfaeaom pufoHrsm;vnf; woJhoJhMum;a,mifwkef;yif&Sdao;\/ qeftifpyufawmf\ ndKykyfoGm;aomrsuf eSm? tpGef;wGuf jzwf,lvdkufaom aiGwdkufpma&;\ ajymifacsmfacsmfrsufESmxm;? BudK;xHk;tBuD;udkjyumacsmufaeaom *dka'gif'&0rfukvm;wdkYonf acGauG;aeaom raEG;0,ftm; acsmufvSefYusDp,fvsuf &SdMuavonf/ raEG;0,fonf awmfawmfESifhtdyfr& ? twif;rsufaphpHkrSwfNyD;tdyfawmhrStdyfaysmfoGm;avonf/ nutdyfysufysufjzifhtdyfvdkuf&m vrf;c&D;qdyfurf;rsm;ü oabFm0ifqdkufrSef;- uyfrSef;yifrod? wreufvHk; tdyfarmusaeavonf/ wGHUaw;wl;ajrmif;xJ0ifrS ta':BuD;u ykwfEdI;í uysmu,m x&avonf/ raEG;0,fonf oabFmab;ü umxm;aomumAmay:ü vufaxmufvsuf ta0;rS &efukefqdyfurf;udk arQmfMunfhvdkufonf/ urf;yg;&Sd wdkufwm*dka'gif taqmuftODBuD;rsm;onfaea&mufatmuf0,f jym;0yfiHkUvsdK;vsuf ae Muonf/

Page 31: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

jrpfa&rSm cJykyfa&uJhodkU rnf;npfaeonf/ rm;rwfrdk;aeaom a&Twd*HkapwDawmfBuD;rSm aejcnfxJwGif 0if;í ae\/ Zifa,mfwdkYonf ysH0JumBudKMuavonf/ jrpfv,fü EdkifiHjcm; oabFmBuD;wpfpif; ausmufcs qdkufxm;onf/ oabFmBuD;ESifh umfvsufqdkufxm;aom pD-bD qefwGJrsm;udk jrifvdkuf&onf/ raEG;0,fonf ta0;rS pD-bD qefwGJrsm;udk ai;Munfh&if; pdwfxJü &Gwfqdkvdkufavonf/

]]a&mf&acsao;&JU}}

NyD;\/

Page 32: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

jrufuav;wpfyif

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ppfAdkvfuawmfcifrronf uwHk;ruav;udk ESmacgif;½IHUíMunfh\/ aiGig;q,frsm;aeovm;[k pdwfxJu wGufcsufMunfhvsuf ESajrmovdkvdk wGefUwdkaeavonf/ ESajrmrnfqdkvnf; ESajrmayrnf? q,fwefig;csyfonf ydkum0dkif;ü waeukefwaecef; cg;csdatmif xdkif½dkuf& aomaiGjzpfonf/

zJ0dkif;ü waeUcif;vHk;½HI;aeonf/ ygvmaomaiG(100d)ukefí twGif;0efuawmfwOD;xHu(30d) vSnfhNyD; quf ½dkufaepOf? rif;uawmfrsm;a&SUwGif £ajErysufatmif [efaqmifNyD; ½dkufae&\/ vufudkiftdwfxJ &mwefxnfh ,lcJh&yghrvm;[k aemifw&vdkUrqHk;? b,folrSrodMuíom? olUudk,folvnf; qJrdao;onf/ a'goaMumifhvufxdyfu cszJudkrjrifbJvQrf;aeonf/ &ifxJuvnf; wvSyfvSyfjzpfum rTefaeonf/ touf ½SL&yifusyfvm\/

uHaumif;axmufrí wjznf;jznf;aiG(100d) t&if;jyefay:um aiG(30d)ta<u;udk qyfEdkifvdkuf½Hkru aiG(50d) tjrwfxGufvQuf tEdkifESifhNyD;vdkuf&\/

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]]cifawmhyGwmbJ....udk,fawmh rD;,yfcsrf;xaeNyD....}} rif;uawmf pdk;uawmf? ola|;uawmfwdkY\ &,farmoHrsm; pnfpnfum;um; xGufay:aepOf rD;udk a&ESifhjzef; ouJhodkU ½kwfw&ufwdwfoGm;Mu\/ zJ0dkif;vkyfaeaom xrif;pm;cef;xJodkU cyf00rdef;rBuD; wa,muf0ifvmonf/ oeyfcg;bJusm;ESifh tom;rJrJ00wkwfwkwfBuD;? AdkufBuD;rsma&SUodkY wawmifavmufcRefaeonf/ (3)ayavmufjrifhaom uwHk;ajymifuav;ESifhcav;r ydefydefao;ao;uav;onf

Page 33: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

rdef;r00BuD;\ aygifwbufu xrDpudk qGJudkifvsuf uyfyg vmavonf/ rif;uawmfrsm;rSm ref;rBuD;\ aygifvHk;uG,faeí wG,fuyfygvmaom uwHk;ruav;udk udk,fuav; wjcrf; om jrifMu&onf/

tom;ñdkñdk? rsufvHk;jyL;jyL;? t½dk;ya'om udk,fvHk;uav;ay:wGif ydwf&SifrD;? a&ravQmf&ao;aom topf pufpufonf udk,fay:ütqrwefacsmifaeum &SifrD;BudK;rSm vufarmif;t½dk;ay: usae\/ cg;uxrDonf xrD qifESifhrwl? tom;&daeaom t0wfydkif;ta[mif;pwpfckudk *Gif;csKyf0wfywfxm;um tqifvnf;r&Sd? ta&mifvnf; r&Sd? rJnpfaeojzifh txufu&SifrD;ESifhawmh ta&mifuGJjcm;aeonf/ wudk,fvHk;wGif rsufvHk;omvQifay:av\/ yg;eD? EIwfcrf;eDqdk;vQuf qHyifrsm; zGmvHwGefUaumufxm;aom rif;uawmfawGudk cyf½dkif;½dkif;jyL;pdkufíf Munfhae\/

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Page 34: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

Murf;wdkuf&a&maygh?tefwDucav;ajr;i,fr&SdvdkU? &Sd&ifolwdkUeJYtaz:&atmif0,f xm;vdkufrSmbJ}}

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Page 35: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

tjrwfjyefxGufxm;aom aiG50d-ESifhzvS,fEdkifaomfvnf; tvum;&aom aiG50d-rSm aiG50d-yifjzpfí vJ,l&efatmifhoufouf jzpfaeonf/ ]]ravQmhbl;vm;&Sif-30d-avmufeJU r&bl;vm;...}}

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]]cifhES,f....bmvkyfzdkUrsm; vdkcsif&wmvJ....vufravmuf[mudk rcdkif;& rpD;& 'ku©oku©cHvdkU arG;&rSm? udk,fom qdk&if tvum;arG;ygqdkawmif r,lbl;? nD;uvnf; 30d ay;,if aps;udkifraeeJU ? awmfawmh? nD;[mrav;udk b,folurS ,lrSmr[kwfbl;...od&JUvm;}}

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ta&;ydkifuawmfonf aMumifeufuav;udk ayGU,lcsDvdkufum &ifcGifwGifaxG;ydkuf xm;vdkufonf/ aMumifeuf uav; ta&;ydkifuawmf &ifcGifxJa&mufoGm;rS rsufaphvTJoGm;um cifrrtm;wvSnfh rdef;r00BuD;vSrf;,lvdkufaom aiGpuúLudk wvSnfh Munfhaejyef\/ ]]cifjyefawmhr,f....uvyfudk um;vTwf&tHk;rSm ....tm;vHk;bJjyefr,faemf....}}

cifrronf tcef;xJrS a&SUuxGufcJhonf/ cifrraemufrS rdef;r00BuD;onf uwHk;rav;vufqGJvsuf vdkufcJh um aMumifeufuav;udk ayGUvmaom ta&;ydkifuawmfeSifh tjcm;uawmfrsm;u aemufqHk;u xGufvdkufvmMu\/

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tdrfa&SUqif0ifatmuf&Sd um;xJodkYr0ifcif cifrronf uwHk;ruav;udk t&ifwifay;&ef rsuf&dyfjyvdkufonf/

]]wuf....um;ay:wuf um;BuD;pD;NyD; [dkaps;rSm rkefYoGm;0,fay;rSm? wufav...}} um;BuD;xJ r0if0Hhojzifh rsufvHk;rsm;jyL;um toHrxGufbJ ½kwfw&uf taMumuftuef½kef;,if; ref;rBuD;\ aygifwHtm; wtm;zufxm;yHkudk 0dkif;MunfhMuvsuf 0g;ueJ&,fMuavonf/ rdef;rBuD;u yckH;uav;ESpfbufuaeí vufESifh qkyfrçvdkufNyD;vsif um;xJodkU xdk;oGif;xnfhvdkufum *sdKif; ueJ wHcg;BuD;ydwfypfvdkufrS 0g;ueJ idkoHxGufvmonf/ cifrronf jyHK;í a&SUrS '½dkifbmab;wGif 0ifxdkifvdkufum um;wHcg;udk ydwfvsuf um;rxGufciftm;vHk;vuf jyí &Tif&TifNyHK;NyHK; EIwfqufcJhonf/

(2)

]]eifhemrnfb,folvJajymprf;....}}

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Page 37: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

]]rmrD....rmrD}}[k atmfac:vmaom toHrsm;um; qlnHoGm;onf/ rdkufu,fonf zdeyfrcRwfbJ ckwifay:odkU ckefwufvmí cifrru xvSrf;qGJvdkufonf/ vDvDonf ckwifwdkifudkudkifum]] ñSyfpd}}tm; ajcqHk;acgif;zsm; xl;xl;qef;qef;Munfhvdkuf\/ ñSyfpdonf vDvD\acgif;ay:ü acGvdrfaeaomqHyifESiffh EIwfcrf;eD?yg;eDjc,fqdk;xm;aom rsufESmudkjyL;pdkuf Munfhaeojzifh reSpfNrdKYovdk EIwfcrf;pljyvdkufum]]rmrD....olub,folvJ}}[k ar;vdkufonf/ rdkufu,fonf cifrrausmudk ydk;pD;xm;vdkufum vnfyif;tpfavmufatmifzufxm;ojzifh vufatmifjyKwf atmif BudK;pm;í reJjzKwfae&if; ]]orD;wdkYcdkif;zdkY0,fvmwm}}[k qdkvdkuf\/ rdkufu,fonf ñSyfpdtm;MunfhvsufrsufeSm½HIí ]]om;om;cdkif;zdkYa&mr0,fvmbl;vm;....}}[k cifrrausmudk vufoD;qkyfESifh wbkH;bHk;xkajymavonf/ ]]twlwlayghom;&,f....twlwlcdkif;Muaygh}}[k txkcH&if; acsmhajym&onf/ }}rmrD....olub,fuvJ}} vDvDonf txyfvdkuf txyfvdkuf <uazmif;um;aeaom *g0efatmufydkif;udk yifhvSefí ckwifay:xdkifcsum ajcaxmufuav;rsm; vIyf&rf;vsuf pdwf0ifpm;pGm ppfaq;ar;jref;ae\/ ]]b,furSef; b,fodrvJ? [Jh....eifb,frSmarG;ovJ}}

cifrr ar;aevnf; ar;ar;yif? ñSyfpdrSm ar;wmudk em;vnfovdk&Sdaomfvnf; ? b,frSmarG;rSef; rodojzifh aMumifawmifBuD;yif Munfhae\/

}}eifhudkarG;wJhae&m eifrodbl;vm;....}} ñSyfpdonf cifrrtm;Munfí acgif;cgvdkufonf? vDvDeSifhrdkufu,fvnf;NydKifwl&,fvdkufMuonf/ ñSyfpdonf rsufESmñdI;oGm;um rdkufu,ftm;rsufapmif;xdk;íMunfhvQif rdkufu,f\ rsufeSmaygufqdk;qdk;ESifh vufoD;udkjrifvdkuf &í csmueJ rsufvHk;udk ½kyfodrf;ypfvdkufonf/ ]]rmrD....olUtaza&mtar&m r&Sdbl;vm;...}} cifrronfvDvD\*g0efaemufausmrS Mu,fpdrsm;udk vSrf;jzKwfay;ae&mrS]]eifhtaztarar;aew,f....ajymav}} [kaigufajymvdkufonf/ ñSyfpdonf rdkufu,fudk rMunfhawmhbJ? vDvDeSifh cifrrudkom wvSnfhpDMunfhvsufae\/ ]]ar;wmajymav....}} vDvDuatmfaigufvdkufonf/ñSyfpdonfvDvDudkrsufapmif;xdk;vsuf qDref;ref;ovdkEIwfcrf;rsm;u vIyfav\/ rdkuf,fESifhvDvDonfñSyfpdyHkyef;udkMunfhvsuf

Page 38: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

pdwfqdk;aerSef;odMuojzifh ydkípdwf0ifpm;um]]rmrD....ar;wmrajymbl;}}[k NydKifwlwdkifwef;Muonf/ cifrronf ckwifay:rSxí vDvD\*g0efudk txufodkU vSefcRwf,lvsuf ñSyfpdbufodkUvSnfhum ]]ar;wmajym}} [k xyfatmfvdkuf\/ ñSyfpdonfrsufeSmykyfykyfjzifh rnfolYudkrQrMunfhbJ Murf;udkpdkufMunfhum rajzbJae\/ cifrronf]]tm*vmwJhaumifrav;ygvm;....}}[k axmif;ueJjzpfoGm;um ñSyfpda&SUü cg;axmufMunfhvdkuf\/ ]] ñSyfpd}} ]]bmwkef;....}} jzef;.... yxrqHk;tBudrf cyfrr\ vuf0g;oHjzpf\/

ñSyfpd\ emrnfudkMum;í vDvDonf wcpfcpf&,faeavonf/ rdkufu,fvnf; vdkuf&,fonf/ jzef;ueJtoH xGufvQif t&,f&yfoGm;um ñSyfpdtm; pdkufMunfhaeMujyef\/ ñSyfpdonf toHxGufatmif atmfidkvdkufonf/ jzef;....jzef;....jzef;.... þtBudrfwGif oHk;csufjzpfoGm;onf/ xdkoHk;csufonf ñSyfpdtm; aemufxyftoHrxGuf0Hhawmhacs/ ]]wdwf....aumif;aumif;ajym....eifh taztar b,folvJ....}} ñSyfpdonf ½SdKufvsuf½SdKufvsuf]]rodbl;}}[kqdkavonf/ taz tar rodbl;qdkaomtajzrSmvDvDESifhrdkufu,f tzdkU &,fp&maumif;vSíS tm;&yg;& &,fMuonf/ ]]rmrD....t½l;rav;aemf....olUtaztar olrodbl;...t½l;rav;....}}[k ajymMu\/ ]]aemufwcgar;vdkUrsm; rajzbJuyfae&if....a[m'DrSm Munfhxm;}} cifrronf ol\ rdkYazmif;wkyfcdkifaom vuf0g;udk axmifjyojzifh ñSyfpdonf rsufvHk;uav;ayuvyfjzifh Munfhvsuf½dSKufaeavonf/

ñSyfpdonf ol\Zmwdudk ajymjywwfzdkYaeaeomom olYrdbrsm;udkyif rnfolrnf0grod½dk;trSefjzpf\/ odcsif pdwfvnf;rjzpfrday/ vlrSef;odwwfp tzdk;BuD;wa,mufESifh wlwlaecJhzl;onfh b0udkvnf; jyefvnfí owd&csifonfh tcgrS owd&avonf/ tzdk;BuD;½kyfudkvnf; aumif;aumif;rrSwfrdawmh? Z0Z0gyifrSwfrdonf/ xdkYaemuftr,fBuD; wa,mufeSifh rdef;rBuD;wa,mufudkodonf/ tr,fBuD;rSm 0g;jcrf;jym;ESifh t½dSK;xatmif aeUwdkif;½dkufwwfonf? rdef;rBuD;u acgif;udk awGUu&mESifh aumufacgufwwfvQuf t½SdK;xifatmifawmh t½dkufrcHcJh&acs/ aemufqHk; xdk rdef;rBuD; ESifh aecJh&onfudkom aumif;aumif;rSwfrdawmhonf/

Page 39: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

xdkrdef;rBuD;onf rdrdtm; ajcufvavmufarG;xm;NyD; aiG 30d ESifh a&mif;pm;vdkufyHkudk *C*P rodvdkuf? rdrd udk ac:oGm;onf? aiGpuúL,lvdkufonf? um;xJxnfhvdkufonf? 'gavmufodaom toduav;onfvnf; aemifumv MumjrifhcJhvQif odcsifrS odavawmhrnf/ ñSyfpdrSm vDvDeSifh rdkufu,fudk rkef;oGm;avonf/ cifrrudk aMumufoGm;onf/

xdkYaMumifh rnfolESifhrQ rsufESmcsif; rqdkifvdkawmhbJ tdyfcef;wGif;&Sd ukwif? rSefwifcHk? t0wfbD'dk? yefum ponfh t&m0wåK ypönf;rsm;udk usD;uef;awmif;arSmuf a&SmufMunfhaevsuf wcsufwcsufom ½dSKufoHxGufae\/

]]vDvD....olYudk a':a'gif;&ifqDac:oGm;? rD;zdkxJrSm xm;vdkuf? yuf*Da&m....yuf*D}} rdkufu,fonf ukwifay:rSckefcsvdkufum? tcef;0odkUajy;oGmvsuf]]yuf*D....yuf*D}}[k oHukef[pfí ac:av\/

tarT;pkwfzGm;jzifh ykyk-vHk;vHk;acG;uav;onf tcef;xJodkU ajy;0ifvmonf/ rdkufu,fonf *kwfuñSpfí rç,l vdkufNyD; ukwifay:odkU vSrf;ypfwifvdkufonf/

]][Jh....[Jh....aoawmhrSmbJ}} cifrrrSm rsufvHk;rsufqefjyL;um acG;uav;udk arGU&may:rSoGm;auuf,lí atmufodkYcsvsuf }]yuf*DzdkYEdkYxrif; BudKay;bdkY a':a'gif;&ifudk ....ajymvdkufaemf}} [k rSmvdkufonf/ vDvDonf ñSyfpdtm;]]vmcJh}}[kqdkum a&SUu t&ifxGufoGm;avonf/ ñSyfpdonf acG;uav;udk rsufpdusae um ESpfoufpGmjzifh vSnfhMunfhvSnfhMunfheSifh vdkufoGm;av\/ a':a'gif;&ifonf cifrrwdkUjyefa&mufíwcg;zGifhay;uwnf;u ñSyfpdudk pyg;arT;pl;oGm;av\/

vDvDESifhñSyfpd wdkY rD;zdkxJodkY 0ifvmMuvQif ]]'Davmuf[mav;rsm; bmjzpfvdkUac:vm&vJ rodygbl;awmf....}}[k qD;í a[mufvdkuf onf/ ñSyfpdonf vljzpfvmuwnf;u b,folUrsufESmomay;rS rcH&bl;cJhay? rsufapmif;'Pfudk ,Ofyg;aeum cHEdkif &nf&SdNyD;om; jzpfonf/ rD;zdkxJ&Sd xif;yHkem;wGif xdkifcsum a':a'gif;&ifudkom ai;Munfhaev\/ a':a'gif;&ifrSm vuf rtm;atmiftvkyfrsm;aeonf/ npmtwGufrSDatmif uwef;uref; vkyfudkifae&onf/

rD;zdkay:rS [if;tdk;eHUonf ñSyfpdtm; 'ku©ay;aeonf/ ñSyfpdonf [if;eHUjzifh

Page 40: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

oa&,dkaeum yg;pyfwjyifjyif vkyfvsuf iwfrGwfqmavmifaeav\/ cifrronf tvSjyifum oçNyD;oGm;NyD? armifawmfvmcsdefeD;NyDrdkU qD;BudKawmhrnf/ vDvDeSifhrdkufu,fwdkYudkvnf; a&rdk;csdK;ay;xm;NyD;NyD?armifjyefvmvQif wtdrfvHk;&Sif;aerS vSaerS BudKufonf? tvSjyifNyD; tjrifrawmfwmuav;awG a&Smufodrf;ae&onf/ tjyifbufwGifarSmifusí vmacsNyD? tdrfeD;w0dkufNcHrsm;rS xGef;xmaom rD;vufvufudk vSrf;jrif&onf/ cifrr onfjywif;aygufwGif&yfumvrf;bufodkUarQmfav\/ odkUaomfMu,fyGifhrsm;um; jymrdIif;eufarSmifaomaumif;uifwcGif vHk;wGif wzswfzswfawmufaeMuonf/

]]vkyfygtHk;....AdkvfrSL;uawmf&UJ}}

rD;zdkxJrS ajy;xGufvmaom a':a'gif;&ifonf cifrrteD;w0dkufodkY ra&mufcif ta0;BuD;u atmfajym&if; ajy; xGufvmonf/ cifrrvnf; w'dwf'dwfckefoGm;aom&ifjzifh a':a'gif;&ifbufodkU vSnfhvdkufum]]tdk....bmjzpfwmvJ}}[k ar; vsuf acgif;udkBuD;oGm;avonf/

]][dkaumifrav;&,f....ac:vdkYr&bl; wufaew,f....}} cifrronf rD;zdkxJodkU 0ifajy;oGm;avonf/ vDvDeSifhrdkufu,fwdkYvnf; taemufrS ajy;vdkufMuonf/ ñSyfpdrSm xif;yHkudk tm;jyKrSDum rsuf;vHk;rsm; jyL;xGufatmif....Muyfaevsuf &ifxJrS tifh....tifh[k rcsdrqefU toHxGuf ae\/ ]]b,fvdkjzpfwmvJ-[if....bmjzpfwmvJ}}

cifrrrSm bmvkyfay;&rSef;rodatmif pdwf½IyfoGm;onf/ temtqmESifh[mudk t0,frSm;vmNyD[k tBuD;tus,f pdwfysufrdum jzpfEdkifvQif ,ckyifjyefydkUvdkufcsifawmhonf/ cifrronf awmufwcsufacgufvsuf]]b,fvdkvkyf&rSmvJ}}[ka':a'gif;&ifbufodkU vSnfhar;vdkufonf/ ]]usr csufaewm ab;uaeNyD;qmw,f? xrif;ay;pm;ygeJU wylylawmif;aevdkY reufuusefwJh xrif;Murf;awG ZvHkxJxnfhNyD; ig;ydaMumfawG yHkay;vdkufw,f? wZvHkvHk;ajymifaeatmifpm;NyD; tJovdk ac:r& jyKr& tifh....tifheJU jzpfaewmbJ....}} cifrronf cg;axmufí &yfMunfhae&mrS a':a'gif;&ifudk wvSnfh a'gota&mifrsm;xGufvmaom rsufvHk;jzifh pdrf;pdrf;Munfhvdkufum ñSyfpdem;odkUoGm;NyD; ajcaxmufESifhausmufum ac:vdkuf\/

]] ñSyfpd....}}

Page 41: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

rcsdrqefU a0'emcHpm;ae&aom ñSyfpdonf rxl;EdkifbJtifh....tifh [kom atmfrnfae\/

]]&SifhES,f&Sif....ZvHkxJ xrif;awGb,favmufrsm; xnfhay;vdkufovJ....? wufaewmr[kwfbl;&Sifh? pm;ydk;eifhae wm? od&JUvm;}} rsufESmxm;qdk;qdk;jzifhatmfaiguf Budrf;armif;ajymqdkvdkufjcif;aMumifh? a':a'gif;&ifrSm aep&mr&SdatmifjzpfoGm; um ]]AdkvfrSL;uawmf&,f....qmw,fqdkvdkUauR;rdwmyg....}}[k wkefwkef,if,ifawmif;yef&if; ]] tiwfrav;aowm at;w,f}}[k pdwfxJu usdefqJvdkufonf/ ]]olUyg;pyfxJ vufñdI;xdk;oGif;NyD; EdIuftefrS jzpfrSm....}} vDvDESifhrdkufu,fonfa':a'gif;&if\vufudk rsufawmfrcwfMunfhaeMuonf/ vufñdI;wacsmif;xnf;xkwfí rsufESmem;uyfoGm;aom a':a'gif;&if\ vufñdI;rSm ajcmufvHk;jyL;aoewfudkcsdefvsuf tem;uyfoGm;onfh yHko@efvdk uav;ESpfa,mufpvHk; &ifzdkaeMuonf/ a':a'gif;&ifrSm aemufaz;tdk;udk oGefaq;ay;zdkU&m 0efrav;aomfvnf; ñSyfpdyg;pyfxJ vufxdk;EdIuf&ef ESvHk; emrdonf/

]][....[çqdk....[}} vufwzufu ñSyfpdykcHk;udk cyfMurf;Murf;vIyf&rf;um wbufvufu ñdI;csdefvsuf twif;[cdkif;\/ ñSyfpd onf a&SUwdk;aemufiifvkyfaevsuf rl;vmí yg;yfudk [ay;vdkuf&onf/ tmacgifxJwGif uvdvsuf xdk;EdIufay;aepOf ñSyfpd vnfacsmif;xJu xGufvmaomtoHrsm;onf cifrrwdkU toJcdkufatmif ,m;usdoGm;av\/

ñSyfpd\acgif;onf a':a'gif;&if\vufxJü qefUiifqefUiif vGefUaevsuf acR;oD;acR;aygufrsm;usvmum AGufueJ xdk;tefvdkufonf/ a':a'gif;&ifonftefzwfawGpOfvmí aemufodkUckefvdkufum]] Adkif;'grav;...}}[k toH xGufoGm;av\/ ñSyfpdrSm qmoavmufpm;&onfESifhrQ rumrdacs/ olUtm;wa,mufwcGef;0dkif;í usdefqJqlyGufaeMuaom toH rsm;rSm em;udk tlaeawmhonf/

(3)

ñSyfpdwudk,fvHk;wGif 3-vrQaomtcsdeftawmtwGif;trSwftrsdK;rsdK;xifcJh\/ zaemifh&m? vuf&m? vuf0g;&m? oeyfcg;wHk;?wHjrufpnf; trsdK;ygif; pHkvifvSayonf/

Page 42: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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vlvpfvQifrSefa&SUü udk,fESifh ujymu,muyfMunfhum tm;&aus eyfaeawmhonf/

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Page 48: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 50: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 51: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 52: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 53: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 55: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

pdk;uawmfjzpfwmawmh[kwfyg&JU&Sif? awmfawmfusawmh rsuf&nfeJU'l;eJYokwfae&ygvdrfhr,f? ½dk;½dk;at;at;[mrsdK;&Smyg....}} OD;at;armifoabmwlaom om;rufavmif;awG wOD;NyD;wOD;ay:vmMuonf/ a':odef;rdjiif;y,fwmcsnf;jzpf í a':odef;rdtvdkus rvGefqefbJ tavQmhay;&onf/ a':odef;rdonf wpfOD;wnf;aomorD;udk t&dyfwMunfhMunfhjzifh rcdkif;&uf rap&uf a&Tay:jrwif xm;cJhav onf/

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½Hk;0efaxmufjzpf&ef tvm;tvmrsm;pGm&Sdol jzpfonf/ &efukefü tdrfydkifwpfvHk;&Sdonf/ tay:xyfaeí ? atmufxyfiSm;xm;onf/ 'Dt&nftcsif;? 'Dtvm;tvmawGxuf waeYvHk;aeí pum;wpfcGef;rS rajymaom vl½dk;vlat;[laom t&nftcsif;udk a&SUwef;wifum orD;av;ESifh vufxyf ay;pm;cJhjcif;jzpfavonf/

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Page 57: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 59: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 60: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 61: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 69: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 71: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 73: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 76: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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wHcg;zGifhay;vdkuf onf/ b,ftcgMunfhMunfh olUrsufESmonf NyHK;onf&,fonfr&Sd/ rsufESmrSm tpOfojzifh rsufESmaouav;ESifh jzpf onf/ tdrfuav;xJwGif tarESifhcyfvSrf;vSrf;? odkYr[kwf vifom;ESifh cyfvSrf;vSrf;ae&mrsdK;udka&G;um tvkyfESifhvuf rjywfbJ cyfukwfukwf cyfa&Smifa&Smif vkyfaewwfonf/ orD;ubmrSrjzpfyHkrjybJ? rSefrSefBuD;olUtcsdK;twdkif;awGYae&-jrifae&avav? a':odef;rdrSm rsuf&nfwus xnf;usaeavav jzpfaeay\/ Mum;odpua'goudk rxdef;EdkifbJ aygufuGJoGm;NyD;aemuf? &ifxJüwajrhajrh aqG;csnf wvSnfh &ifxJü wNrdKufNrdKufavmifcsnfwvSnfhjzifh waeYxufwaeY &ifxJü rcsrf;omum ydefcsHK;usoGm;av\/

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(4)

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Page 78: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 79: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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(2)

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[uf[ufyufyufr&Sdí BuD;awmfBuD;u tcgwdkif;yif ar;Munfh&onf/

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(3)

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eHeufnbk&m;0wfwufcsdefwdkYü r*¾ifacsmifwacsmifvHk;oDv&Siftyg;ig;q,fcefY bk&m;ausmif;odkY 0wfwuf&ef pk½Hk;í oGm;Muonf/

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(4)

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ur®|mef;ausmif;uav;a&SU&Sd xaemif;yifBuD;ay:rS*sdK;uloHudk apmapmpD;pD;Mum;a&avonf/ teD;tem;ql;ykwf csHKawGay:ü wcsHKuwcsKHodkY

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ckefysH&if;wuRduRdatmfaeMuonfh aZGUiSufuav;rsm;rSm tvif;&mifxJwGif jrL;aeMuonf/ cifaronfMunfvifcsrf;ajrUaompdwfESvHk;jzifh 0g;Murf;ay:ütomvSJum acGaevdkufonf/ r*¾ifacsmiftwGif;rS Z&yftoD;oD;wGifqGrf;csufMu? qGrf;awmfuyfMuESifh oDv&SifwdkU tvkyfrsm;vsuf&SdaeMu onf/

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Page 86: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

wr[kwfjcif;ysHUESHUoGmav\/ cifar em;pGifhaeaom ajcoHrsm;onf ausmif;teD;odkU uyfvmacsNyD/ cifaronfrsufESm rxm;wwfatmif jzpfaeavonf/ acgif;uwHk;ESifh? udk,fuvl0wfaMumif t0wfBuD;eJU..../

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b,fbufykcHk;ay:ücsí wpunmvuf bufatmufuvQdKNyD;vQif tpjcif;xyfvQuf vufuefawmhxdk;vTrf;½Hkvdkuf&avonf/ cifaronfudk,f½Hkudk0wfNyD;aemuf acgif;wift0wfudkydkufxm;vsuf rdef;ryDyDuav; 0g;Murf;ay:üxdkifíae onf/

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]]rSefyg}} ]]'gjzifh'DuaeUupNyD; cifartrnfaysmufNyD; acrm&D[laomtrnfodkUa&mufap}} (5)

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Page 88: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

ppfudkif;awmif½dk;BuD;/

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Page 91: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

acrm&DwdkYvnf; bk&m;teD;yef;cHkwdkufü wJcdkMuonf/ ppfudkif;rS ,laqmifvmaom o&zD? ZGefyef;rsm;udk yef;xD;? yef;apwDyHkoDuHk;um bk&m;BuD;tm;vSL'gef;&if; pmar;yGJatmif&ef qkawmif;&onf/ pmar;yGJatmifvQif qkvufrSwfESifh aiGig;q,f/

(6)

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Page 92: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

½Slxkwfae&onf/

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(7)

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Page 95: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 96: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 97: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 98: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 99: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 100: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 101: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 102: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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Page 103: ဂ်ာနယ္ေက်ာ္မမေလး - ၀တၳဳတိုမ်ား

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