1.

, . (, , ) (, ). , . :-

( , ) ( ) ( )

, . . . CO2 CO2 CO2 ( 1 ) - 1 CO2 88000 134000 m .

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.1 CO2 ( ) . , . . ( ) , , ( 2005 . ).

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.2 , . C SO2 NOx 5-10 0.05-0.10 0.5-0.6 IGCC 190-220 11.00-12.00 4.0-4.5 - CCGT 90-120 0 0.5-0.6 - 10-15 1.05-0.10 0.01-0.03 150-170 1.6-1.9 0.5-0.6 1.

2.

, , , .

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.3 4

2.1 . ( , ) ( , , ). 35-40% , 65%.

.4 ) ) . , ( 12000 , 45000 )

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.5 4 : 1) 2) () - 3) 4) :-

() (, ).

( ). ( 50-55% ), , ( 2.5 kg 20% - 1 ). , 6

. . , Hg 25 C, . , Hd , 25C, . , ( ). ( 80%), , 8.2 18.7 MJ/Kg ( 24-37.7 MJ/Kg , 12.6 MJ/Kg), : - ......... ( - , ) - ( - ). , , . . .

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.6 ISO- . 50 m 30 50 . . 50mm (, , ) (, ). 100 C , . 20% . (220 C) 20%

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2.2

. (, , , , , ). : . ( ) 53%:47% . 82%:18%, 1t 0,89 t 0.71t 0,18t . , 30 50 % 30%. . 20 % ( Na, Cl, K ). ( 5.8-16.7 MJ/Kg). ; 17 t , : 35t , 50t .

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.7

2.3 CH4 (40-75%), CO2 (25-60%) 2% ( H2, H2S, CO). 20% . 650-750 C, . 20 MJ/Nm 60 % . . , , . . , . : ( ) ( ). . , , , . , , 10

. . (....) pH 6 7, 25-35 C .

.8 . . . . , . . , , , . , ( 120 50kW, ).

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3 (kg/) (kg/) (m /) (kWh/) 51 5.4 1.6 3400 32 5.6 1.6 3400 16.7 1.3 0.46 970 9.9 2.9 0.46 970 0.66 0.047 0.017 36 2. , . ( 1400C) 35% ( 45%), 20%. (, ) . CO, CH4 H2 ( , ),, , ( :4-6MJ/Nm 15-20MJ/Nm).

.9 , ( ), 12

(), ( ). : - , . ( ), .

2.4 () : - - - , . 8-10% 24 72 . 95% . , 99.8% . : ( , ), ( ) ( ). . . . . , .

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- (l/t) (t/ha) (l/ha) 70 50 3500 86 35 3010 370 6 2200 160 20 3200 3.

(GJ/ha) 1350 945 162 540

. 20% , 5-10%. , 15 . 15% , 40% 20% . 9% . . . . . , . .

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, kg/m3 789 793 720-750 21.3-29.7 15.6-22.3 32.0-46.47 9.0 6.5 14.6 , kg/kg 1 bar, oC 7.5 65 30.23 0.58 0.6 106 112 91-100 4.

2.5 -, . , o, , , , . - () () ( , , , , .) . , (82.8%) (12.5%), , .

.10 15

: , , . ( 10% CO2). , . NOx . , . , 28 . 1l , . -

-42.7% -56.3% -55.3% +13.2% -(60-90)% -100%

-

: :37.2 MJ/l ( 42 MJ/l)

, , , . .

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.11 CO2 . ( ), .

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