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EDITOR

OD;aomif;0if; (yef;cs,f&D)

CONTRIBUTORS

OD;rsdK; (tdkifwDtef;wdwf)? armifarmifMuD;?

pkdif;wifhxl;? aZmfrif;ESifh Modula-2

uGefysLwmoifcef;pmuGefysLwmoifcef;pm

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uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

uGefysLwmtaxGaxGuGefysLwmtaxGaxG

uGefysLwmtaxGaxGuGefysLwmtaxGaxG

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

123 Photoshop jzwfvrf;enf;

126 PhotoshopTutorial

128 uGefysLwmtar;tajz

140 pdwftaESmifht,Sufjzpfp&m Word jyóem

143 Visual Basic.Net

149 0if;'dk;pf XP twGuf tajccHvrf;nTefrsm;

162 Premiere Tutorial

167 0if;'dk;pfApfpwm ed'gef;

172 Java Developer GuideREVIEW

110 HellGate

116 World In Conflict

PREVIEW

111 Assassin's creed

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13

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14


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16


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22


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24


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26


rsm;udk a&G;cs,f wyfqifcGihf&SdjyD; 2 GB-

DDR 2-667 memory wdkYudk wyfqif

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udk ydkifEdkifpGm udkifwG,fEdkifonf/

MS-171614 ESihf twl DVD-RW

optical drive wpfck? 4-in-1 card

reader wpfck? pyDumav;vHk;ESifh woo-

fer wpfckyg pyDumpepf wpfpHk? Gigabit

Ethernet pepf V.92 modem wpfck? 6-

cell bufx&DwpfvHk;? DVI port wpfck?

S-Video port wpfck? audio ports rsm;?

SPDIF port rsm;ESifh USB ports oHk;ck?

Express Card slot wpfck? PC Card

Type II slot wpfck? wireless adapt-

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FireWire port wpfckyg0ifonf/ ¤if;

twGuf warranty wpfESpf &ygonf/

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onf *drf;upm;olrsm;? *&yfzpfvkyfief;

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ay;xm;jyefonf/ ¤if;ESihftwl DVD-

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yg&SdjyD; 802.11 b/g WiFi pepf? Gigabit

Ethernet pepf? IR receiver pepfwdkY

oHk;cGihfay;EdkifjyD; V.92 modem wpfck?

12-Cell bufx&D wpfvHk;? AC adapter

wpfck? 7-in-1 card reader wpfck? pyDum

av;vHk;ESifh woofer wpfckyg pyDumwpf

pHk? microphone wpfck? SPDIF port

wpfck? USB port ig;ck? FireWire port

wpfck? serial port wpfck? DVI port

wdkYESifh audio port rsm;? PC Card Type

II slot wdkY yg&Sdonf/ wpfESpf warranty

ay;xm;jyD; tydkaqmif;tjzpf carrying

case wpfck? 1.3 MP web-cam wpfck?

TV tuner wpfckESifh blue-tooth mod-

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ukd udk,fxnf tjzLa&mifjzihf ultra-

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system memory rS 224 MB yrmP

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1GB wyfEdkifonfh slot tvGwfwpfckudk

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finger-print reader wpfck? PC CardType 11 slot, VGA port, 10/100Ethernet, V.92 modem, AC adapter,

4-cell bat tery, audio port 4-in-1

card reader ESifhtwl pyDumESpfvHk;

built-in wyfqifjyD; USB port oHk;ck?

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warranty rSm wpfESpfjzpfonf/

M590KE.$2,259.Clevo (www.clevo.com.tw)

M621NC.$1,249.Clevo (www.clevo.com.tw)

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28


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CPU rsm;om &EdkifMuonf/

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30


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32


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33


Power Mizer technology feature udk

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GeForce Go 7950 GTXMobile graphic adapter udk 512

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Western Digital ScorpioWD 1600 BEVS

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37


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37

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38


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40


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42


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43


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46


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47


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CPU Score 2019

PC Mark 05 (1,280 x 1,024)

PC Mark Score 6261

CPU Score 5945

Memory Score 4424

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o,fydk;oGm;r,fqkd&if b,fvdkxdcdkufrI tEÅ&m,fudkrQ MuHKawGUp&mtaMumif;r&Sdyg/


58


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a&SUvuGefysLwm*sme,f

txl;xkwf xkwfygrnf

2008 ckESpf Zefe0g&Dvqdk&if uGefysLwm*sme,f

xkwfa0rIoufwrf; 14 ESpf jynfhajrmufjyD jzpfygw,f/

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2008 ckESpf Zefe0g&DvxkwfrSm uGefysLwm*sme,f

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2006? 2007 ckESpfxkwf uGefysLwm*sme,frsm;tjyif

odyÜHESifhenf;ynm*sme,f tkyf 50 pmukdyg wpfygwnf;

xnfhay;oGm;r,fqdkwm owif;aumif; yg;yg&ap/

2008 ckESpf Zefe0g&Dv *sme,fa&mif;aps;ukd

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owf ½kdufESdyfwmjzpfwJhtwGuf MudKwifrSmxm;zdkY vdkyg

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xyfrH xkwfvkyfvmaom PSP armf',ftopfjzpfonf/

,cifarmf',frsm;xuf RAM tiftm; ydkrdk xnfhoGif;ay;

xm;onf/ ¤if;udk rdrdtdrfwGif&Sdaom TV jzifhvnf;

qufoG,fupm;EkdifcGifh ay;xm;ygao;onf/ ¤if;\

ukd,fxnfonf 2 'or 8 vufr _ 6 'or 6 vufr

_ 0 'or 6 vufr t&G,ftpm;&Sdojzifh ,cifxkwfvkyf

cJhaom PSP (2.9 _ 6.7 _ 0.9) xuf t&G,ftpm;

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xdkYtjyif tav;csdefrSmvnf; 6 'or 7 atmifpom

&Sdjcif;aMumifh ,cifarmf',frsm;xuf ayghyg;vSyaeonf/

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jzifh aqmif&Gufay;xm;ojzifh rnfonfh headset jzifhrqdk

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taejzifh toHk;csEkdifao;onf/ odkYtwGuf ¤if;ESifhtwl

a':vm 20 jzifh a&mif;csvsuf&Sdaom pyg,f&S,f cable udk

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tdrfwGif;oHk; TV jzifhjzpfap? LCD armfeDwmjzifhjzpfap?

composite connections wpfckckjzifhjzpfap

qufoG,fcsdwfqufum PSP *drf;rsm;tjyif AD'D,dk

½kyf&Sifrsm;? ½kyf&Sifum;MuD;rsm;? "mwfyHkrsm;udk Munfh½I

cHpm;cGifh &oGm;apEkdifygonf/ AD'D,dk½kyf&Sifrsm;ESifh "mwfyHk

rsm;udk 480p t&nftaoG; resolution 720 x 4280 jzifh

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native resolution 480 x272 jzifhom cHpm;cGifh&rnf

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5 em&Dpm ½kyf&Sifrsm; jznfhoGif;xm;Ekdifygonf/ ¤if;jzifhyif

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xm;aom ½kyf&Sifum;MuD; tjynfhtpHkudkvnf; Munfh½IEkdifyg

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½kyf&Sifum;aygif; 450 cefY aps;uGufwGif &SdaejyD;jzpfonf/

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zrf;ul;xm;Ekdifygao;onf/ 480p ESifh 480 i modes rsm;

yg0ifxm;ojzifh AD'D,dk½kyf&Sifrsm; Munfhonfhtcg HD

resolution udk yHhydk;ay;EkdifaMumif; awGY&onf/ a,bk,s

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ESifh H264/MPEG-4 files rsm; Munfh½IcHpm;cGifh&Muojzifh

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onf/ xdkYtjyif built-in WiFi ESifh Web browsing

vkyfukdifEkdifrIrsm;udkvnf; cHpm;cGifh&Ekdifygao;onf/

owfrSwfwefzdk;rSm 170 a':vmom&Sdonf/

SONY PSP(MODEL 2000)

New Products

½dk;½dk;&Sif;&Sif;yif

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elevated pad ESifh cvkwfrsm;jzifh

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Screen t&nftaoG;rSm tHhMoavmufp&m

t&nftaoG; &Sdonf/


60

acwfqefpGm wnfaqmufxm;aomfvnf; oGufoGuf

vufvuf toGiftjyifrsKd; r&Sday/ Verizon qufoG,fa&;

twGuf txl;pyg,f&S,fxGufvmaom smartphone [k

qdkEkdifygonf/ pum;ajymqdkrItwGuf toHt&nftaoG;

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xGufay:jyD;orQ smartphone rsm;wGif taumif;qHk;

uD;bkwfudk wyfqifay;xm;onf[k rSwfcsufjyK&rnf

jzpfouJhodkY Windows Mobile twGuf tckdifrmqHk;[mh'f0J

[kvnf; ajymqdkEkdifygvdrfhrnf/ ,cif xGufay:jyD;orQ

Motorola Q pD;&D;wGif xl;xl;jcm;jcm; yHkpHajymif;vdkufonf

rSmvnf; tqdkyg uD;bkwf'DZkdif;yif jzpfonf/ av;axmifh

pyfpyf uD;cvkwfav;rsm;udk cyfMuD;MuD; vkyfay;xm;vkduf

onf/ Q 9M \ vufcH&,lEkdifaom toHt&nftaoG;

aumif;rGefrIaMumifh w,fvDzkef;obm0taejzifh w,fvD

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pyg,f&S,fxnfhay;vkdufonfh Data Viz Documents To

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jzifh 12 'or 7 aygifav;onf/ oGm;av&m uGefysLwm

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headset okdYr[kwf speakerphone ESifh wGJzuf toHk;jyK&

jyKvkyfay;Ekdifonfhtjyif Microsoft Office documents

rsm; zefwD;cGifh&Ekdifygonf/ Word, Excel ESifh Power

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twGuf cut-and-paste roHk;Ekdifjcif;wdkYudk awGY&rnf/

owfrSwfwefzdk;rSm a':vm 200 cefYjzpfonf/

MOTOROLA Q9M (VERIZON)

rnf jzpfonf/ HTC Advantage wGif xdyfwef;pm&if;0if

624 -MHz Marvell PX A 270 processor udk wyfqif

toHk;jyKxm;cJhonf/ built-in wyfqifyg&Sdvmaom

HSDPA ESifh Wi-Fi pepfrsm;udk AT & T jzifh csddwfquf

prf;oyftoHk;jyK&mwGif 700 kbps EIef;xm;txd &&SdaMumif;

awGY&onfhtjyif Bluetooth pepfrSmvnf; tm;& auseyf

p&m aumif;vSonf/ 5 vufr t&G,ftpm;&Sd screen

av;rSmvnf; awmufy Munfvifjywfom;aom t&nf

taoG; &Sdonf/ TeleNav \ built-in GPS Navigator

5.1 aqmhzf0Jjzifh armfawmfum;ay:wGif prwfusus GPS

pepfudk toHk;csEkdifonf/ Windows Mobile jzifhyif vnf

ywf toHk;jyK&ojzifh tD;ar;vfudpö? calendar vkyfief;?

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ajypGm cHpm;cGifh&Ekdifygonf/ tm;enf;csufrSm laptop

tqifh xnfhoGif;xm;jcif;aMumifh o,faqmif&mwGif

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twGuf internal hard drive u 8 GB jzifh vkyfaqmifay;

rnfhtjyif mini SD Card rsm;udkvnf; oHk;Ekdifygao;onf/

HTC ADVANTAGE

NEW PRODUCTS

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xGufay:jyD;orQ

smartphone trsKd;

tpm;rsm;teuf

taumif;qHk;

uD;bkwf

oHk;ay;xm;onf/

input udpö

twGuf

Joystick

odkYr[kwf touchscreen udk toHk;jyKEkdifonf/

avQmxkwf

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WESTINGHOUSE TX-47F430S

HD AD'D,dkrsm;twGuf jiif;qdkzG,f&m r&Sdavmufonftxd

aumif;rGefaom HDTV jzpfonf/ high-def signal rsm;udk

HDMI Cable ay:rSwpfqifh oGm;apygonf/ jrifuGif;

tus,f 47 vufr t&G,ftpm;&Sdaom LCD screen jzifh

xkwfvkyfonf/ Westinghouse wGif HDMI ports

av;ck txd xnfhay;xm;onfhtwGuf Munfh½IcHpm;olrsm;

twGuf tm;&auseyfp&maumif;vSonf/ xdkYtjyif

component port 2 ck? composite port 1 ck? RF port

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Card wdkYtwGuf port rsm;awmh ryg&Sday/ ukd,fxnf

t&G,ftpm;rSm 31 'or 4 vufr _64 'or 1 vufr

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tm;enf;csufrSm contrast ratio nHhzsif;aejcif;yifjzpfonf/

FUJI FINEPIX Z5FD

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xkwfvkyfvmonfh 'pf*spfw,fuifr&mav;jzpfonf/

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acwfrDonfh automatic feature rsm; yg0ifxm;onf/

t&nftaoG;tm;jzifh 6.3 megapixel om&Sdonf/

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½dkufEkdif&ef 'DZkdif;jyKxm;jyD; 12 scene modes ukdvnf;

toHk;csEkdifao;onf/ 3X zoom wyfqif yg&Sdvmjcif;

aMumifh 36 -108 mm &Sdaom lens udk toHk;jyK&onfhtvm;

focal length &&SdoGm;apygonf/ tjrifhqHk; aperture EIef;

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½dkufcsuf ppfaq;Ekdif&ef 2 'or 5 vufrt&G,f LCD

screen av; xnfhay;xm;onf/ ISO setting 1600 txd

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time rS 2 'or 7 puúefYom&SdjyD; recycle time rSm 2

'or 3 puúefYjzpfum shutter lag rSm 1 puúefYjzpfonf/

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tvdktavsmuf tvif;tarSmifjyKum

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LCD screen av;jzpfonf/

face- detection mode udk wpfcsufESdyf½Hkjzifh

toHk;csEkdifonf/

1080 presolution&onf/


CYBERPOWER GAMER ULTRA 8500 SE

Gaming Rig wpfcktjzpf om;om;em;em; aqmif&Gufay;

Ekdifum wefzdk;aiGtm;jzifh a':vm 1000 cefYom&Sdaom yDpD

uGefysLwmjzpfonf/ Cyber Power rS *drf;upm;vdkolrsm;

twGuf txl;xkwfvkyfcJhonf[kvnf; qdkEkdifygonf/

mid- tower yHkpHjyK case xJwGif system- conpoments

rsm;ukd xnfhxm;um ukd,fxnfay:wGif Smillodon

[laom logo wHqdyfjzifh xkwfvkyfxm;onf/ Smillodon

[laom wHqdyf\ t"dyÜm,frSm saber-toothed tiger [k

nTef;qdkxm;jcif;jzpfonf/ xdkYtjyif case wGif LED

lighting rsm;jzifh wefqmqifxm;ygao;onf/

¤if;wGif tvGeftjrefEIef;aumif;aom 3-GHz dual core

AMD Athlon 64 x 2 6000 + processor, 1GB -800

MHz DDR2 RAM wdkYESifhtwl nVidia Geforce 8600

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0ifqHhrIyrmP 320 GB &Sdaom hard drive vnf; yg&Sdvm

ESpfckpmtjyif PCI cards ESpfckpmvnf; cGifhjyKay;xm;

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Cyber Power Gamer Ultra 8500 SE taejzifh gaming

pGrf;aqmif&nftwGuf resolution - 1280 x 1024 jzifh

xkwfay;jyD;Prey *drf;twGuf 46 fps ESifh Campany of

Heroes twGuf 48 fps jzifh vkyfukdif aqmif&Gufay;

Ekdifygonf/ ¤if;onf Photoshop CS2 prf;oyfrItwGuf

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twGuf 1:23 &&SdcJhygonf/

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tav;ay; yefumrsm;\

qlnHoHrsm;

Mum;ae&onf/

Ball mouse udk

toHk;jyKxm;onf/

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twGif; hard drive av;cktxd

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ojzifh 3 GB yrmPtxd yHhydk;ay;Ekdifrnfh

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CANON PIXMA PRO 9000

Inkjet y&ifwmwkdif;avmufeD;eD;onf "mwfyHkxkwfvkyfrI

twGuf tvGefoifhawmfaom trsKd;tpm;rsm; jzpfMuonf/

odkYaomf "mwfyHkt&G,ftpm; ao;ao;rsm;udkom tjynfh

t0 tmrcHcsufay;EkdifcJhMuonf/ Canon Pixma Pro 9000

tae jzifh 13 vufr _ 19 vufr t&G,ftpm;xd&Sdaom

"mwfyHkrsm;udk t&nftaoG;aumif;aumif;jzifh xkwfvkyf

Ekdifjcif;aMumifh "mwfyHk0goemtdk;rsm;ESifh "mwfyHkvkyfief;ESifh

toufarG;olwdkYtMudKuf jzpfoGm;apygonf/ ¤if;onf

eight-color ink system udk toHk;csxm;onf/ odkYtwGuf

xGufvmaomyHkrsm;wGif skin tone rsm; yg0ifaejyD;

wu,fhyHk&dyftppfuJhodkY jzpfoGm;aponfhtjyif 3 D yHk&dyf

rsm;udkvnf; yHhydk;aqmif&Gufay;Ekdifapygonf/ yHkxkwf

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70

ausmbufwGif

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NEW PRODUCT○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

IN YANGON

Genius G-Pen 340

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xdkYtjyif AI Aray MIC wpfckvnf; wyfxm;onf/ HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface)

Output yg&SdonfrSmvnf; tm;&p&maumif;vSonf/ built-in Digital TV Receiver twGufrl optional

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tvdk&Sdygu MSI-PR 210 udk rsufpdvTJí oGm;Ekdifrnfr[kwfay/ «tvdk&Sdygu 36 vrf;&Sd Smart Computer

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MSI-PR 210 Notebook

72



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109

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ajymif; rSwfom;yHkudk Me-

mory Block ponfh trnf

ay;xm;wm[m 'gud k

tm;jznfhay;aeygw,f/

aemufxyf next-gen

vdkY ajym&r,fh wpfrlxl;wJh

rsufESmpmu control tydkif;

jzpfygw,f/ upm;ol[m

*drf;Zmwfaumif Assassin

&JU cE¨mudk,fwpfckvHk;tay:

tjynfht0 xdef;csKyfEkdifoifh

w,fqk dwJ h concept e J Y

pw,f/ 0ef;usifurÇmeJ Y

tvkdtavsmuf odjrifEkdifjyD;

obm0uswJhenf;eJY wkHYjyef

qufoG,fzdkY&m jzpfygw,f/

MudK;qGJ½kyfao;½kyfyHk ,lxm;

w,f/ PS 3 controller ay:

u Mwd*H[m OD;acgif;? av;

axmifhu vufeufukdifvuf?

t0kdif;u bmrQ ukdifrxm;

wJh vuf? Muufajccwfu

ajcaxmufeJY ,SOfwGJowfrSwf

ay;xm;w,f/ 'DcvkwfawG

udk ESdyfwJhtcg oufqkdif&m

cEmudk,ftpdwftydkif;awGu

ae&mtaetxm; tquf

tpyftay: rlwnfjyD; jyKrl

(PREVIEW)


113

ART OF GAME

vIyf&Sm;yHk contextual move

awG xGufvmr,f/ Altair

ZmwfaumifrSm vIyf&Sm;rI a&TU

uGufaygif; wpfaxmifausmf

ygvdrhfr,f/ vltkyfMum;xJ

free hand cvkwfudk ESdyf&if

vufeJY wGef;z,f vrf;&Sm

oGm; jcif; rsKd;/ Concept

topftwGuf tcsdef,l&ay

r,fh tom;usoGm;wJhtcg

tvkdtavsmuf odjrif em;

vnf vG,fygw,f/ eH&Hwpfck

qD ajy; oGm; jyD; "legs"

cvkwfudk ESdyf&if Altair u

eH&Hay: ckefwufr,f/

&efol&SdaepOf ''arms

without weapons'' ESdyfygu

vufeJYqkyfjyD; ukdifayguf

wmrsKd;? wkdufckdufvIyf&Sm;rI

twGuf animation awGu

acsmarGUjyD; axGjym;pHkvif

vGef;wJhtwGuf *drf;eJYrwl

½kyf&Sifvkd jzpfvmygw,f/

aemufxyf next-gen

jzpfwJht&mu *drf;urÇm0ef;

usifxJu wef;jrifh AI Zmwf

aumif NPC awG jzpfyg

w,f/ *drf;twGif; jrdKUawGrSm

vlpkvla0;u obm0 ,kwåd

uswJh social yHkpH&SdjyD; oifu

½kwf ½kwf ½kwf ½kwf vkyf&if

o abm r us wJh taeeJY

rsufcH k;yif hjyD; Munfhr,f/

oHo,eJYMunhfr,f/ aMumuf

jyD; xGufajy;wJholvnf; &Sd

r,f/ teD;tem;u taygif;

tazmfukd ac:jyD; oifhudk

0kdif;orzdkY vkyfwmawGvnf;

&Sdr,f/ qm&if 0,fpm;r,f/

ysif;wJhtcg azsmfajza&;awG

Munhfr,f/ olawmif;pm;?

ta&mif;orm;? ukd,f&Hawmf?

ppfom; us&mu@tvdkuf

obm0,kwådwefpGm jyKrl

vIyf&Sm;Mur,f/ ,Hkavmuf

zG,f pD;arsmouf0ifaom

urÇm[m vlawGajymaeMuwJh

bmompum; trs K d ;r s K d ;

aMumifh ykdí yDjyifvmw,f/

Altair taeeJYuawmh vl

awG&JU pum;pjrnf twif;

tzsif;uaejyD; owif; EIduf

,lzdkY&m bmomjyeftaeeJY

em;vnfygw,f/ NPC awG

&JU tjyKtrlu script eJY y½kd

*&rf a&;xm;wJhyHkpHao jzpf

raeawmhbl;aygh/ oifh&JU

social skill ÓPf&Sd&if &Sd

oavmuf vltkyfu oifh

twGuf tusKd;jyKjyD; roHk;

wwf&ifawmh ukd,fyJ cHpm;

oGm;&vdrfhr,f/

jrdKUawGxJ vSnhfywfoGm;

vmwJhtcg vltkyfMuD;[m

EdkifiHawGMum; power vkyGJeJY

ppf'PfcHpm;ae&wm awGU&

w,f/ vlawGudk ulnDzdkY&m

option awG &SmawGUvmjyD;

side missions av;awG

vkyfay;Ekdifw,f/ vlawG&JU

,HkMunfrI&vmwJhtcg oifh&JU

mission jyD;pD;atmif wpf

zefjyefí ulnDvdrf hr,f/

vlawGMum; uk d,fa,mif

azsmufzd k YyJjzpfjzpf? udk,fh

aemuf vdkufzrf;olawGrS

vGwfzdkY? ydwfqdkY aES;auG;ap

zd k Y&myJjzpfjzpf vltkyf[m

AsL[muswJh tools jzpfvmyg

vdrhfr,f/ 'Dvkd gameplay

rsKd; r&SdcJhzl;bl;/

Action/Adventure

*drf;tjzpf oifMudKuf&moGm;?

vltkyfxJrSm pHkprf;axmuf

vSrf;rI vkyf&w,f/ yHkpHao

csrxm;wJh non-linear jzpfyg

w,f/ oihfypfrSwf target udk

azsmufzsufzd k Y&m owif;

pkaqmif; pHkprf;rI investi-

gatory objectives ta&

twGuf tawmfrsm;rsm; vkyf

&r,f/ tenf;qHk; vdktyf

csuf jynfhpHkwJhtcg a'ocH

AsL½dkacgif;aqmifu oifhudk

tjzLa&mif iSufarG;awmif

ay;r,f/ w u,f awmh

'g[m aordefYwpfck/ oif[m

iSufarG;udk aovkqJypfrSwf

target &JUaoG;eJY pGef;atmif

vkyf&r,f/ oifh&JU wm0ef

jyD;qHk;aMumif; oufaojy

csuftjzpf acgif;aqmifxH

jyefvnf ydkYaqmifzdkYaygh/

&ifodrf hwkef twdkuf

tcdkuf action tajy;tvTm;?

towftykwftydkif;uawmh

a&S;a[mif;jrdKU taqmuf

ttHk trkd;acgifzsm;awGrSm

w&Murf; jzpfay: cHpm;&

r,f/ PoP yHkpH Platform udk

toHk;csjyD; wkdufckdufjcif;yJ

aygh/ Altair &JU vufol<u,f

[m jywfaew,f/ 0SufvdkY?

oGif;vdkY&wJh blade "m;oGm;

(PREVIEW)


114

ART OF GAME

wyfxm;w,f/ tjcm;

vufeufawGu "m;&Snf?

"m;wkd? cg;ywfu "m;ysHeJY

vufoD;awGyJ jzpfygw,f/

tayghpm; RPG qefqef

ZmwfaumifeJY vufeufawG

tao;pm; tqifhjrifhrI jyK

vkyf&wmawG &Sdygw,f/

AC &JU mission wkdif;

rSm target udk okwfoifjyD;

wmeJY tapmifh guard awG

udk,fhaemuf 0ef;&HvdkufvH

wkdufckdufMuvdrhfr,f/ AI u

Altair qDa&mufzdkY twkdqHk;

vrf;aMumif;&Smr,f/ aMumif

eJY <uuf trdzrf;yG JyH kpHu

script yHkpHao a&;xm;ovdk

r[kwfbJ obm0usp Gm

cHpm;&ygr,f/ ajy;&if;eJY

olwdkY&JUtjrifrS rsufjcnfjywf

oGm;wJ h txdayg h/ tjrJ

tjcm; a&G;p&menf;wpfcku

vltkyfMum; ud k,fa,mif

aysmufzdkY/ 'gayr,fh pdwfrSm

tjrJ pGJaezdkY&mu tapmifhawG

[m Assassin udk tjrJ&Smae

Muw,f qkdwmyJ/ tdk;awG

o,fvmwJh trsKd;orD;udk

wGef;xkd; usuGJapwm wpfcg

u aysm fp&maumif;csi f

aumif;cJhzl;r,f/ 'gayr,fh

ta&;&,ftaMumif;&,f tdk;

usuGJoHu oifh&JU aorif;

ac:oH jzpfoGm;Ekdifygw,f/

"Nothing is true,

everything is permitted"

Hashshashin 'grSr[kwf

Assassins &JU tJ'Daqmifyk'f

vdkyJ/ t&mtm;vHk; tdyfruf?

,Hkwrf;? twkta,mif? tEk

ynmjzpfwmaMumifh bmrqkd

jzpfEkdifw,f/ Assassin's

Creed xJrSm oifhtwGuf

bmrqkd cGifhjyKxm;w,f/ AC

udk nextgen *drf;vkdY cHpm;

&atmifvkyfay;wJh taMumif;

tcsufawG jyefvnf pkpnf;

Munhf&atmif/

ÄÄ

ÄÄÄ Assassin- orkdif;&JU zdrfhzdrfh

wkef vufeuf? tvQKdU0Suf

qHk; ppfol&Jaumif;&JU uRrf;

usifrI AsL[mawG udkifpGJ xdef;

csKyfyg/ twkduftcdkufudk pDrH?

tn§mwmuif;rJhpGm xkd;ckwf

jyD; vGwf&mvrf;aMumif;&Smí

ajy;yg/

Ä ,kwådwef obm0usjyD;

wkHYjyef rI&Sdaom 0ef;usif - oifh

jyKrl vIyf&Sm;yH k&JU tusKd;

qufudk &Sifoef vIyf&Sm;aewJh

urÇm&JU tusKd;quftjzpf

awGUMuHKcHpm;Munhfyg/ oifh&JU

a&TUuGuftvkduf vltkyfu

wkHYjyefjyD; oifh&JU quests rSm

ulnD&ifulnDr,f/ aESmifhaES;

atmif vkyf&ifvkyfr,f/

Ä tvHk;pHkaom vGwfvyfr I -

oifh&JUypfrSwfukd b,ftcsdef?

b,fae&mrSmrqkd b,fvdk

enf;eJYyJ jzpfjzpf okwfoif

&Sif;vif;yg/ orkdif;aMumif;

t& wdusjyD; tao;pdwf

<u,f0wJh tzGifhoabm 0ef;

usifrSm oifh&JU om;aumif

aemuf ajc&mcHvd kufyg/

jrdKUawGtMum; aus;vuf

a'oawGawmif ygw,f/

taqmufttHkawGu pau;

uk dufw,f/ jrif;awGpD;?

vltkyfeJYa&m/ oifh&JU &nfrSef;

csuf yef;wkdifa&mufzdkY bm

rqkd vkyfvdkY&w,f/

Ä c½l;qdwfumv armfuGef;

0if- AC rSm oif[m wpf

q,fhESpf&mpk orkdif;0if holy

landudk ½kyf&Sif eD;yg; *&yf

zpf? vlpkvla0;awGeJY odrfarGU

½IyfaxG; tao;pdwfusus

epfarsmpzG,f azmfay;xm;

w,f/

Ä jyif;xefwJh vIyf&Sm;rI - ac-

tion awGudk acsmarGUwduswJh

animations eJY awGUMuHKcHpm;

Munhfyg/ trsK d;rsK d ;aom

tv,facwf vufeufawG

oHk;? oifh&efoleJY wu,fvdkY

ouf0ifwh Jtcg "m;ckwf

pD;csif;xkd;yGJ ETJyg/

Ä aemufrsKd;qufopf game-play- udk,fydkif tptqHk; azmf

xkwfxm;wJh *drf;tif*sif

aMumifh tzGifhoabm game-

play ? tvkdtavsmuf od

jrifvG,fwJh control txdef;?

obm0us <u,f0jynfhpHkwJh

0ef;usifwkHYjyef qufoG,frI?

acsmarGUpD;arsmayr,fh jywf

om;wJh wkdufcdkufrI yHkpH com-

bat mechanic awG cGifhjyK

aom organic game desi-

gn udk &&Sdvmygw,f/

Assassin's Creed

[m PS3 tjyif Xbox 360

eJY PC tay:rSmvnf; upm;

Ekdifr,fh multiplatform *drf;

jzpfygw,f/ Ed k0ifbmv

twGif; xGufr,f/

Modula-2

(PREVIEW)


115

ART OF GAME

jyKjyifay;vkduf/ ausmcsrf;

p&mvdkvdk rESpfjrdKUzG,f wpf

rsKd;MuD; cHpm;&r,f/ 'g[m

uncanny valley yJ/ twk

a,mif vlom;awGu rESpf

jrdKUavmufp&mtxd vleJY

eD;eD; wlvmjcif;ygyJ/ 'D

pum;pkudk 1970 jynfhESpfrSm

½dkabmhynm&Sif Masahiro

Mori u wDxGifoHk;pGJcJhw,f/

taoG;tom;&Sd vufwpfck

vdkY,lqjyD; vufqGJEIwfquf

vkdufwJh tcsdef toufrJh

a&mfbmvufwkudk at;puf

pGm awGYvkduf&wJhtcg AkdufxJ

u atmf*vDqefovdk jzpf

vm&wmaygh/ (Edk0ifbmv

Art of Game udk jyefMunfh

yg/) qkdvkdwmu vleJY wpf&m

&mckdifEIef; wl&ifwl/ 'Dvkd

r[kwfbJ wlvkeD;eD; jzpf&if

*&yfrSmjyxm;wJh csKdif h0Srf;

ae&mxJ ypfusoGm;jcif;yg/

olY&JUtquf sequel *drf;udk

0uf 0uf uGJ aygufoGm;apcJh

w,f/ PS2 eJY Xbox twGuf

,lepfaygif; 5 oef; a&mif;cJh

&ygw,f/ rESpfu MTV [m

ukrÜPDud k a':vm 175

oef;ay;jyD; 0,fcJhw,f/

rD;jcpft&G,f controller

av;eJY oifh&JU a&mhcf*Dw

bdk;atMuD;awGudk tav;

tjrwf jyKygav/

UNCANNY VALLEY >>½dkabmhawGu cspfpzG,f

aumif;&if aumif;r,f/

(Aibo) oGufvuf

csufcsm&if csufcsm

r,f/ (Mars Rover)

aMumuf ruf zG,f

aumif; &if aumif;

r,f/ (Predator

UAV) 'gayr,fh

olwdkYudk vl eJY wl

atmi f qif,if

WORDS OF GAMEWORDS OF GAME

BRAIN AGE >>Geek vdkY &nfnTef;Mu

wJh uGefysLwm enf;ynm

ca&ZDjzpfjyD; vlrIqufqHa&;

t& cyfaMumifaMumifjzpfol

awGu AD'D,dk*drf;awG[m

upm;oludk ydkí ÓPf&nf

xuf yg;eyfatmif vkyfay;

aMumif; odcJhjyD;wm MumvS

aygh/ tckawmh Nin-

tendo &JU

B r a i n

Age *drf;

aMumifh

urÇm&JU usef

w J ho l aw Gy g

trDvkduf odem;

vnfvmcJhMujyD/

tm½HkaMumodyÜHynm&Sif neu-

roscientist Ryuta Kawa-

shima eJY yl;aygif;azmfxkwf

cJhwJh DS lite vufudkif *drf;

puftwGuf aqmhzf0J[m

urÇmtESHY aumfyD oef;aygif;

rsm;pGm a&mif;cscJ h&w,f/

ocsFmykpämawG ajz&Sif;jcif;?

toHxGufzwf½Ijcif;? wkwf

acsmif;½kyfrsm; a&wGufjcif;

wdkYeJY oifh&JUOD;aESmuf <uuf

om;awG tavhtusifh&ap

w,f/

oifh&JU pdwfoufudk prf;

oyfay;w,f/ Brain Age

u q&m? q&mrawG?

a'gufwmawG? pD;yGm;a&;

orm;awG? bGm;bGm;awGudk

qGJaqmifzdkY a&SUaqmifvrf;

azmufMunfhcJhwJh *drf; genre

yg/ *syefu trsm;jynfolydkif

ausmif;awGrSm ausmif;om;

awGvufxJ vufukdif*drf;

pufeJYwuG xnfhay;

vmMuw,f/ aemuf

qdk&if jy|mef;

pmtkyfukdyg

game formateJY xnfhay;

avrvm;

yJ/

<< GUITAR HERO

Guitar Hero &SdaerS

awmh aw;*Dw lessons

awG b,folvdkOD;rSmvJ/

*drf;&JU *pfwmyHkpH cvkwf

5 ckavmuftay: ESdyf½Hk

rQeJY stairway to hea-

ven cJ&mcJqpf a&mhcf

oDcsif;awG wD;cwf

vmEkdifr,f/xkwf

a0ol Harmonix

u &EkdifwJhoDcsif;

pm&if;xJrSm hard-

rock syllabus

oif½dk;udk aygif;

xnfhcRefjrapjyD;

(WORDS OF GAME)


116

ART OF GAME

uRefawmf[m tar&d

uef jrdKUMuD;wpfjrdKUudk EsL

uvD;,m;AHk;ti,fpm;av;

eJYxkzdkY tav;teuf pOf;pm;

aew,f/ aemufqHk;ay:RTS

*drf;twGif;rSm ajymwmyg/

World in Conflict rSm

]]nukes AHk;awG azmjcif;?

aomjcif;oHk;&r,fh aygufuGJ

*drf;}} vdkY vlodrsm;jyD;om;?

'DrsufpdtpmauR;p&mawGu

tHharmzG,faumif;&ifaumif;

r,f/ 'gayr,fh *drf;awGudk

tMuD;tus,f aygufuGJrI

awG? tvQHnD;nD; rD;wHwkdif;

awG? rD;cdk;eJYjymp tvdyfvdkuf

wufvmwmawGeJYyJ t"du

xm; trSwf&aer,fqdk&if

&Sufp&mjzpfvdrfhr,f/ urÇm

ysufcref; aygufuGJjrnf[D;

rIawGudk z,f&Sm;xm;vkduf

OD;/ WiC [m 'DESpftwGif;

epf0if arsmygp&m taumif;

qHk; PC games rsm;xJu

wpfckjzpfaeOD;rSmygyJ/

'Dvdkajymvkdufawmh *drf;

u rl&if;us 'grSr[kwf

azmufxGufqef;opfxm;wm

rsKd;vdkY rxifvdkufeJY/ oGifjyif

vu©PmawGt& strategy

y&dowfawG tjcm;ae&mrSm

awGYzl;r,fht&mrsKd;avmufyJ

yg&Sdr,f/ txl;ojzifh azmf

xkwfol Massive &JU yxr

qHk; csD;usL;cHcJh&wJh sci-fi

Ground Control pD;&D;awG

eJY tawmfMuD;qifygw,f/ 'D

*drf;rSm tqifuGJxGufaewm

qdkvdkY 1989 ckESpfrSm qdkAD

,ufwyfawGu tar&duef

udk usL;ausmf0ifa&mufwJh

pdwf0ifpm;zG,f alternate-

history aygif;xnf hxm;

w,f/ WiC udk zrf;pm;p&m

jzpfapwmu jyKrlvIyf&Sm;rI

awGyg/ wkduf½dkufus? ½kwf

jcnf; jzpfay:jyD; jyif;xef

w,f/ upm;&awmh stra-

tegy yHkpH/ xdawGYcHpm;&awmh

action *drf;yHkpHrsKd; jzpfvm

vdrfhr,f/

Monolithic u xkwf

wJh Supreme Commander

vdk tjcm; RTS *drf;awGu

ppfajrjyiftwGif; aoG;oH&J&J

eJY tMurf;ywrf; tysuf

tpD;awGrS ydkía0;&modkYqkwf

cGmxm;csdefrSm Massive de-

veloper awGuawmh vIyf&Sm;

rI action odkYyJ tjrJteD;uyf

pGm aeaecJhw,f/ a&Twl;?

rkdif;aqmufeJY &if;jrpfpDrHcefYcGJ

jcif;awG a[m'D*drf;&JU agen-

da tpDtpOfrSmygrSm r[kwf

bl;/ oifh&JUazmufcGJa&;orm;

u ta&;ygwJh taqmuf

ttHkwpfck jzdKrcsEkdifcif qdkAD

,uf pEkdufygorm;u &Sif;

ypfzdkY MuHpnfaewmrsKd; &if

qkdifajz&Sif;ae&wJh tcsdefrsKd;

rSm ppf½Hk;odkY vdkwmawGrSmzdkY

pmn§yfuvpf b,favmuf

vdkovJqdkwmrsKd;eJY oifhudk

pdwf½IyfapwmrsKd; rvdkcsifbl;

r[kwfvm;/

oif[m ppfMuD;wpfck

vHk;udk pD;MunfhaewJh tMuH

tpnf MuD;rm;ol master-

mind r[kwfbl;/ ½IyfaxG;

aMurGaewJh jrdKUjy0ef;usif

twGif; &SifoefzdkY&m MudK;pm;

í trdefYtwkdif; vkdufem&wJh

tv,ftvwfwe f ;pm ;

wyfMuyfwpfa,muf/ wkdufyGJ

awGu oifhywfywfvnf

eD;uyfpGm jzpfaer,f/ AI

r[mrdwfeJY &efolawG vrf;

csKd; axmifhauG;awGu xGuf

vmMur,f/ bufESpfzuf

pvHk;u tajr§muf vufeuf

MuD;awG rdk;&Gmcsovdk ypfcwf

aeMur,f/ 'gayr,fh oif

[m awG;awG;qqeJY pDrH

MuHqzdkY&mawG &Sdw,f/ jrif

orQ&efolwdkif;udk wkdufvdkY

rjzpfbl;/ vdktyfaewJh rdwf

aqGwdkif;udk ulvdkY rjzpfbl;/

oifh&JUtvkyfwm0efu

pl;pkduf jywfom;w,f/ ay;

xm;wJh &nfrSef;csufawGjzpf

atmifvkyfyg/ oifhudk vkyf

ckdif;wJhtwkdif;vkyfyg/Screen

tay: jriforQ aemufqHk;

vufusef&efoludk owfjzwf

(REVIEW)


117

ART OF GAME

jy D ;awm hvnf; victory

atmifyG Ju a&mufvmrSm

r[kwfbl;/ aemufxyftrdefY

r&rcsif; olwdkYudk tcsdef

umvwpfck vHkavmufpGm

ckcHwm;qD;xm;&r,fh tcg

rsKd;vnf; &Sd&JU/ aemufawmh

oifh&JUwyfzGJYudk xdkae&mrS qGJ

xkwfjyD; a&SUodkYqufí csDwJh

tcg uGefysLwm xdef;csKyf

wJh r[mrdwfawG oifhae&m

0ifa&muf ,l vm Mu r,f/

rjywf jzpf ae wJh ydkMuD;wJh

tqHk;½HI;cHEkdifrvm;/ AHk; aumf

aZmcif;zdkY oifac:,lvkdufwJh

avaMumif; wyfulu tHk

vdkuf usif;vkdufwufvmwJh

&efolawGudk tjywf&Sif;Ekdifygh

rvm;/ 'DtwGuf oifhrSm

pOf;pm;pDrHzdkY tcsdefrsm;rsm;

,lvdkYawmh &rSmr[kwfbl;/

oifhrSm&SdorQ ,lepfawG qkyf

uk di f vIy f& Sm;r I action

twGif; wwfEkdiforQ jrefjref

ydkY oifh&JU&nfrSef;csufodkY csD&m

ajcvSrf;wkdif;twGuf MudKwif

taetxm;u vHkavmufpGm

axGjym;rI &SdwmaMumifh vkyf

ief;wm0efawG[m wpfrsKd;

wnf;vd k rcHpm;&ygbl;/

Campaign wpfcku wpfem&D

xuf ydkMumcsdefrSm *½kwpdkuf

tpDtrHcszdkYvdkwJh jrpfwpfpif;

udk jzwful;jcif;? 'grSr[kwf

taqmufttHkwpfck jzdKcs

jcif;uJhodkY tykdif;awGeJY cGJxm;

ay;ygw,f/

ajryHkawGuvnf; odyf

odyfjyD;awmhudk tao;pdwf

usw,f/ oifh&JU wyfzGJYawG

csefxm;&pfcJhwJh ESif;awGay:

u ajc&mawGawmif jrif&

r,fh vrf;ay:rSm jyefYusJaewJh

c&pörwf tqift,ifawG

awGY&r,f/ 'D*drf;rSm oifhudk

oifh,lepfawGeJY a0;uGmpGm

rxm;&Sdyg/ uifr&mrSm tdrf

acgifrdk;tqifhavmufrSm 0Jae

jyD; enf;AsL[m tompD;

&r,fhae&mawG &SmazGzdkY&m

ppfrSefobm0uswJhvrf;awG

tay: vSnfhvnfMunfh½IEkdif

r,f/

Screen &JU tay:nm

bufrSm reinforcements

menu &Sdw,f/ ppf,mOfeJY

wkdufyGJ&JU tpdwftykdif;tjzpf

jrifa,mifcHpm;&rIu wu,fh

udk ,kwdåwefvSw,f/

*drf;&JU tESpftom;

meat and potatoes u a&SU

wef;ppfrsufESmu ppfa&;

enf;AsL[mawG jzpfygw,f/

jrdKUjy&ifjyifESpfckrSm MuD;rm;wJh

&efolYwifhum;wyfawG rdepf

tenf;i,frQ MuHhMuHhcH wm;

qD;zdkY&m b,fvdkvkyf&rvJ/

tJ[d k awmifukef;ay:u

&efolYvufeufMuD;udk z,f

&Sif;zdkY oifh&JU &if;jrpfawG

awG;qxm;zdkYawmh vdkygvdrfh

r,f/

Single player cam-paigns rSm yifr objectives

ckepfckeJY ykdif;jcm;xm;w,f/

vkyfcsifvkyf rvkyfcsifae?

'kwd,tqifh objectives

awGvnf; awGYvm&r,f/

AsL[muswJ h command

points awGudk &,ltm;jznfh

MuHhMuHhcH xdef;csKyfxm;zdkYu

*drf;&JU tESpftom; jzpfyg

w,f/ 'gayr,fh objec-

tives wpfckpD&JU 0ef;usif

(REVIEW)


118

ART OF GAME

wyfzGJYawG oifMudKufovdk

twGJtpyfeJY ac:,lEkdifw,f/

oifha&G;cs,frIudk oifhrSm&Sd

orQreinforcement points

eJY uefYowfcHxm;&w,f/

atmifjrifpGmupm;Ekdif&if xyf

jyD; csD;jr§ifhjcif; cH&r,f/ oifh

&JU ,lepfwpfck ysufpD;oGm;wJh

tcg olYwefzdk;u queue

wef;aemuf jyefa&mufr,f/

tcsdeftawmf MumwJhtcg

wpfzefjyefoHk;í &vmr,f/

'Dyg;eyfvdr®mwJh ,EÅ&m;

aMumifh oifhrSm ,lepfawG

rwefwq rsm;aewm? enf;

aewmrsKd; r&Sdawmhbl;/ a[;

'gu oDtdk&Dt&yJaemf/ oifh

&JU ykdif;jzwf csdefudkufrIawG

nHhzsif;&ifawmh ppfom;vuf

wpfqkyfpm? ydef ½IHU ae wJh

wifhum;awGeJYyJ &efoludk ckcH

ae&vdrfhr,f/ ukd,fhrSm&SdorQ

taumif;qHk;toHk;cs&mrSm

vuf&SdtwGuf ½kwfjcnf;pDrH

&½Hkomru aemufwpfqifh

vrf;ay: vdrfhqif;vmr,fh

t&mtwGufvnf;xnfhwGuf

xm;&r,f/

'D*drf;rSm oifjrifjrif

orQ tvHk;pHkaomt&mawG?

opfyifawG? tdrfawG? "mwfrD;

wkdifawGtm;vHk; avmifuRrf;

jymcsypfvdkY&w,f/ azmufcGJ

jzdKcsjyD; tpdwfpdwftjrTmjrTm

jzpfoGm;atmif vkyfvdkY&yg

w,f/ Campaign wpfykdif;

pDudk *drf;twGif;cutscenes?

zkef;pum;ajymeJY vufeJYjc,f

oxm;wJ h slideshows,

rif;om; Alec Baldwin &JU

ZmwfaMumif;jyef ajymjyrIawG

eJY jcm;xm;w,f/ ½kyf&Sifqef

qef Zmwfaumifo½kyfazmfrI

SEVENTH GENERATION GAME CONSOLES

Pong uaejyD; Game Cube txd *drf;pufawG[m rsKd;qufajcmufckudkjzwfí tqifhjrifh

½IyfaxG;vmjyD; wGufcsufrIpGrf;tm;vnf; wdk;vmw,f/ ckepfckajrmuf rsKd;qufu

ta&;ygMuD;rm;wJh tvSnfhtajymif;wpfck/ *drf;awGu vlESpfa,mufuae tkyfpki,fav;

twGif; tjydKifupm;&wmxuf trsm;MuD; csJUxGifausmfvGefoGm;jyD; Broadband

ysHUESHYvmwmaMumifh upm;uGif;rSm j*dK[furÇmwpfckvHk;yg0ifvmjyD/ Nintendo &JU Wii,

Microsoft &JU Xbox 360, Sony &JU PlayStation 3 wdkYu yvufazmif;topf rsKd;qufudk

ukd,fpm;jyKaew,f/ high- tech, high-touch eJY hi-def.

awG yg0ifw,faygh/ tdrfrSm

ukd,f0efeJY usefcJhwJhrdef;r?

tysuftpD;awGMum; pGefYypf

cHxm;&wJh uav;upm;p&m

edrdwfyHkawG? Multiplayer

online tyk di f ;r Sm FPSaction game Battle field 2u RTS *drf;taeeJY jyefvnf

arG;zGm;vmwmeJY wlygw,f/

Teamwork eJY unit classes

awGtay: tonf;toef

tajcjyKxm;ygw,f/

Modula-2

Wii Xbox 360 PS3

wefzdk; vIyf&Sm;rItm½HkcH controller taumif;qHk;jyKvkyfxm;wJh pGrf;aqmif&nf

tESpfcsKyf ½dk;pif;aom*drf;rsm;? wefzdk; tGefvkdif; community tvGefjrifhayr,fh

enf;? ckepfqufajrmuf aMumifh ae&m&aew,f/ aps;MuD;jyD; xkwfa0rI

rsKd;qufrSmtaygufqHk; aemufuswmaMumifh

tcGifhtvrf;aumif;

awG vGJacsmfcJh&/

a&mif;csjyD; 9 oef; 11 'or 6 oef; 4 oef;

,lepf

xl;jcm;aom Controller rSm pyDumeYJ HD-VDD drive wGJoHk; Blu -ray zGifhpuftjyD;

vu©Pm&yf bluetooth ygw,f/ taz? vdkY &w,f/ yg/

tar? tbdk;? tbGm;awGudk ½kyf&Sifum;ykdif;wdk? *drf;'Drdk Controller u 0kdif,m

*drf;upm;ol y&dowfjzpfvm eJY *E¦0if*drf;a[mif; awG vuf jzpfjyD; hard disk

apw,f/ download qGJcsvdkY& w,f/ u 80GB txdqHhw,f/

(REVIEW)


119

uGefysLwmtbd"mef

CD – ROM . Compact-Disk Read – Only Memory udk

twkdaumuf ac:a0:jcif;jzpfonf/ ]]pD'D&Grf}}[k toHxGuf

onf/ toHem;axmifonfh avqm"mwfjym;zGifhpufwGif toHk;

jyKonfh avqm"mwfjym;rsKd;wGif toHk;jyKaom tcsuftvuf

odrf;qnf;a&; enf;ynmwpf&yf jzpfonf/ Disk rsm;udk

yvwfpwpftrmjzifh jyKvkyfxm;onf/ tcsif;rSm 4 .75 vufr

cefY &Sdonf/ CD – ROM rsm;onf aw;oDcsif;rsm;tpm;

uGefysLwm zkdifrsm;ESifh y½dk*&rfrsm;ukd odrf;qnf;xm;onf/

yHkrSef Disk wpfckonf tcsuftvuf 650 megabyte odrf;

qnf;xm;Ekdifonf/ ,if;yrmPrSm pG,fpHkusrf;tpHkvdkuf

wpfckvHk;xJrS tcsuftvufyrmPESifh nDrQygonf/ wu,f

wrf;wGif CD- ROM disk rsm;udk taMumif;t&m tjynfhtpHk?

a&mifpHk"mwfyHkESifh yef;csDum;rsm;ESifhtoHrsm; xnfhxm;aom

pG,fpHkusrf;rsm;ESifh pmtkyfrsm;udk odrf;qnf;&mwGif toHk;jyK

onf/ CD – ROM disk udk disk wpfcsyfwnf;ay:wGif

odrf;qnf;xm;onfh pG,fpHkusrf;rsm;jzifh jynfhaeaom pmtkyfpif

wpfcktjzpf pOf;pm;MunfhEdkifonf/ rSefuefonfh ypönf;ud&d,m

rsm;jzifh wGJoHk;ygu ,if;pG,fpHkusrf;rsm;onf pum;yif ajymqkd

Ekdifonf/ Lion qkdonfh pum;vHk;udk &SmMunfhvdkufygu jcaoF

[def;oHudk Mum;&Ekdifonf/ India [laom pum;ukd &SmMunfh

ygu tdEd,EdkifiHom; tppfwpfOD;\ pum;ajymoHqkdoHudk

Mum;&Ekdifonf/

CD- ROM rsm;onf

content linear velocityencoding tpDtpOfrsm;ukd

toHk;jyKNyD; c½kywf vrf;

aMumif; wpfckwnf;? wpf

quf wnf;wGi f& S donf h

(tvsm;&Sd) tydkif;jywf uav;

rsm;ESifh zGJUpnf;xm;onf/ Data

rsm;udk zwf&mwGif CD- ROM drive real head onf disk

\ tv,fA[kdem; eD;vmavav CD vnfEIef;vnf;

ydkjrefvmavjzpfonf/ omref CD- ROM drive \ access

time rSm 0.3 rS 0.5 second twGif;&SdNyD;? hard disk access

time xuf aES;onf/

CD- ROM [laom a0g[m&\t"dyÜm,ft& oifonf

disk wpfckrS tcsuftvufrsm;udk uGefysLwmqDodkY zwf½Hkom

zwfay;Ekdifonf/ y½dk*&rfrsm;? zkdifrsm;udk pD'Day:wGif odrf;

qnf;ray;Ekdifyg/

CD_ROM drive. CD-ROM rsm;udk zwf½I&ef CD-ROM

drive wpfck&SdzkdY vkdtyfonf/ ,cktcsdefwGif 48 speed drive

rsm;&Sdaom drive rsm;txd ay:xGufaejyD jzpfonf/ CD-

ROM drive \ speed rsm;udk 2.x, 4.x, 8.x, 12.x, 24.x, 32.x

ponfjzifh azmfjyavh &Sdonf/

qkdvdkonfrSm omreftm;jzifh CD- ROM drive \ data

transfer \EIef;onf 150 kbps &Sd&m 2x qkdvQif 300 kbps /

¤if;\ESpfq 4 x qkdvQif ¤if;\av;q 600 kbps? 32 x

qkdvQif ¤if;\ 32 q (32 x 150 kbps) &Sdonf[k qkdonf/

CD- ROM interface card rsm;onf SCSI okdYr[kwf

ATAPI ESpfrsKd;udk toHk;rsm;onf/ ATAPI udk EIDE &JU tpdwf

tydkif;tjzpf Wastern Digital rS 1994 wGif pwifjzefYcsdcJhjyD;

uGefysLwm\ motherboard ay:rS IDE corrector ESifh IDE

CD-ROM rsm;ukd wkduf½kdufcsdwfquftoHk;jyKEkdifcJhonf/

uGefysLwm\ parallel port odkYr[kwf PCMIA wkdYESifh

qufoG,fwyfqif&aom CD-ROM rsm;vnf; &Sdao;onf/

CD – ROM Extended Architecture (CD-ROMXA). toHESifh t½kyftpdwftydkif;rsm;udk wpfNydKifwnf; &,l

toHk;jyKEkdifap&ef avqm"mwfjym;ay:wGif toHESifht½kyfqkdif&m

tcsuftvufrsm; odkavSmifodrf;qnf;a&;twGuf Phillps,

Sony ESifh Microsoft wkdY yl;aygif;wDxGifcJhonfh avqm

"mwfjym; tcsuftvufodkavSmifrI pHowfrSwfcsufwpf&yf

jzpfonf/

cell. tu©&mpOfxm;onfh pmwkdifrsm;ESifh *Pef;pOfxm;onfh

pmwef;rsm;yg0ifaom pm&if; Z,m;yHkpHjzpfonf/ (pmwkdifrsm;

onf txufatmufoGm;NyD; pmwef;rsm;onf ab;wkduf oGm;

onf/) pmwkdifESifh pmwef;rsm;onf wpfckESifhwpfck xdawGU

jzwfoef;NyD; cell [k ac:onfh tuGufrsm; jzpfvmMuonf/


120

uGefysLwmtbd"mef

pm&if;Z,m; wpfckudk csuf

vufrSwf pmtkyfrSwfwrf;wpfck

tjzpf pOf;pm;Munfhyg/ rSwf

wrf; Z,m;xJrS tuGuf wpf

uGufonf cell wpfckESifh twl

wlyif jzpfygonf/

pm&if;Z,m; application

wpfckudk zefwD;&ef taMumif;

t&mrsm;? udef;*Pef;rsm;?

yHkaoenf;rsm;? vkyfaqmifcsuf

rsm;udk cell rsKd;pHkxJodkY ½dkufxnfh&onf/ xkdYaemufwGif oifh

twGufvkdtyfonfh wGufcsufrItm;vHk;onf pm&if;Z,m;

y½dk*&rfu aqmif&Gufay;oGm;ygrnf/

cell address. tu©&mpOfxm;onfh pmwkdifrsm;ESifh *Pef;pOf

xm;onfh pmwef;rsm;yg0ifaom pm&if;Z,m;wpfck jzpfonf/

(pmwkdifrsm;onf txufatmufoGm;í pmwef;rsm;onf

ab;wkdufoGm;onf/) pmwdkifESifhpmwef;rsm;onf wpfckESifh

wpfck xdawGUjzwfoef;NyD; cell [kac:onfh tuGufrsm;udk

zefwD;ay;onf/ Cell wpfckpDwGif cell &Sdaeonfh pmwkdifESifh

pmwef;udk ñTefjyaom address (vdyfpm)wpfck yg&Sdonf/

Oyrm- pm&if;Z,m;\tay:ydkif; b,fbufaxmifhuGuf

rSm tuGuf A1 jzpfonf/ nmbuftuGufrSm B1 jzpfonf/

A1 \ atmufbuf&Sd tuGufrSm A2 jzpfonf/

centronics port. uGefysLwmay:&Sd parallel printer port

wpfck tvkyfvkyfyHkudk jy|mef;owfrSwfaom pHcsdefwpfck

jzpfonf/

CGA. Color Graphics Adapter (a&mifpHk*&yfzpf yHkazmfjcif;)

udk twkdaumufac:a0:jcif; jzpfonf/ ta&mifESifh *&yfzpfyHk

rsm; azmfjyaom IBM pufrsm;twGuf yxrqHk; AD'D,kd adap-

tor jzpfonf/ 1981 ckESpfwGif pwiftoHk;jyKcJhonf/ CGA

onf wpfcsdefwnf;wGif ta&mifav;a&mifudk yHk&dyfjywfom;rI

200 x 320 pixel (zefom;jyifay:rS tvif;pufrsm;) okdYr[kwf

wpfa&mifudk yHk&dyf jywfom;rI 640 x 200 pixel jzifh

azmfjyEkdifonf/ ta&mif 16 a&mifudk yHk&dyfjywfom;rI 640 x

350 Pixel jzifh azmfjyEkdifaom EGA (Enhanced Graphic

Adaptor)? ta&mif 256 a&mifukd 640 x 480 pixel jzifh

azmfjyEkdifaom VGA (Video Graphics Array) wdkYjzifh EdIif;,SOf

Munfh½Iyg/ orm;½dk;us a&mifpHkwDADG zefom;jyifwpfckonf 1000

x 1000 pixel jzifh yHkazmfay;Muonf/ odkYjzpfí uGefysLwm

zefom; jyifay:rSmxuf wDAGDzefom;jyifay:wGif yHk&dyfrsm;udk

ydkí tao;pdwf jrifawGU&jcif; jzpfygonf/

CGI. Commom gateway interface udk twkdaumuf ac:qkd

jcif; jzpfonf/ World Wide Web server wpfckESifh CGI

y½dk*&rfwpfcktMum; owif;tcsuftvufrsm; vTJajymif;a&;

twGuf pHcsdefpHnTef;ESifh jzpfonf/ CGI y½dk*&rfwpfckonf

CGI pHcsdefpHñTef;ESifh udkufnDonfhtcsuftvufrsm;tm;vufcH

&efESifh jyefydkY&ef xkwfxm;onfh y½dk*&rfwkdif;udk &nfnTef;onf/

y½dk*&rfudk CGI Perl odkYr[kwf Visual Basic tygt0if

rnfonfhy½dk*&rfa&; bmompum;ESifhrqkd a&;om;Ekdifonf/

CGI y½dk*&rfrsm;onf toHk;jyKolrsm;ESifh t&Sdeft[kefjzifh

tjyeftvSefaqmif&Guf&ef web server rsm;twGuf toHk;

trsm;qHk; enf;vrf;wpf&yfjzpfonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh form

rsm;ygaom HTML page rsm;pGmonf form udk wifjyonfESifh

wpfNydKifeuf form ygtcsuftvufrsm;udk access vkyf&ef

CGI y½dk*&rfwpfckudk toHk;jyKonf/ Web toHk;jyKolrsm;

twGuf feedback rsm;udk oGufoGufvufvuf jznfhqnf;ay;

&mwGif ydkíydkí toHk;rsm;vmonfh enf;vrf;wpf&yfrSm web

server xuf toHk;jyKol\ pufay:wGif run vkyfonfh script

rsm; odkYr[kwf y½dk*&rfrsm; xnfhoGif;ay;jcif;yif jzpfonf/

,if;y½dk*&rfrsm;onf Java applet , Java script okdYr[kwf

active control rsm; jzpfEkdifMuonf/ ,if;enf;ynmrsm;udk

client-side solution rsm;[k pkaygif;ac:qkdwwfMuonf/

CGI toHk;jyKrIrSm server-side solution jzpfonf/

taMumif;rl Web server ay:wGif process vkyf&aomaMumifh

jzpfonf/

CGI wGif awGUjrif&onfh jyóemwpf&yfrSm CGI script

wpfckudk execute vkyfonfhtcgwkdif; process topfwpfck

pwifcH&jcif;yif jzpfonf/ tvkyfrsm;onfh Web site rsm;

twGuf þudpöaMumifh server \ vkyfief;ukd ododomom


121

uGefysLwmtbd"mef

aES;auG;oGm;apEkdifonf/ ykdíxda&mufonfh ajz&Sif;csuf

jzpfaomfvnf; taumiftxnfazmf&mwGif ydkrdkcufcJonfh

enf;vrf;wpf&yfrSm ISAPI okdYr[kwf NSAPI uJhokdY server

\ API ukd toHk;jyKzkdYyif jzpfonf/

channelling. MS-DOS &Sd command wpfckjzpfonf/

Disk drive wpfck\ taetxm;udk ppfaq;jcif;jzpfonf/

character. jrifuGif;wGif azmfjyEkdifaom odkYr[kwf print

xkwf,lEkdifaom tu©&m okdYr[kwf udef;*Pef;eHygwfjzpfonf/

Character \ yHkyef;oP²mefukd typeface trsKd;rsKd;&Sdaom

font trsKd;tpm;wdkYu owfrSwfazmfjyonf/ Font trsKd;tpm;

wpfckwGif a rS z ESifh A rS Z txd tu©&mrsm;? character

rsm;? symbol rsm;? functuation mark rsm; tygt0if

character aygif; 256 vHk; yg0ifonf/

character attribute. uGefysLwmpmpDpm½dkufvkyfief;wGif

rdrdaqmif&Gufaeonfh taMumif;t&mtwGuf vdkcsifonfh

pmvHk;yHkpHk ay:ap&ef font rsm;udka&G;cs,fEkdifonf/ Font udk

pmvHk;\rsufESmjyiftaetxm;jzihf trsKd;tpm;owfrSwfonf/

Oyrm pmvHk;\ t&G,ftpm;jzifh trsKd;tpm; owfrSwf

onf/ pmvHk;\yHkpHtaetxm;udk pmvHk;rnf; (bold) ESifh

pmvHk;apmif; (italic) uJhodkY attribute rsm;udk xyfrH jznhfpGuf

Ekdifonf/

character – based program. rlao owfrSwfxm;

onhf character rsm;ukdom azmfjyEkdifaom y½dk*&rfwpfck jzpf

onf/ Character-based program rsm;wGif rdrdaqmif&Guf

onfh text tm;vHk;ü text udk rnfokdYyHkESdyfrnfqkdonfhudpöukd

trIrxm;bJ zefom;jyifay:wGif &G,fwl? [efyeftaetxm;

wl character rsm;ukdom azmfjyay;onf/ qefYusifbuf

taejzifh graphic-based program rsm;wGif yHkESdyfonfhtcg

ay:vmrnfh character wpfckpD\ *&yfzpfyHk&dyfrsm;udk zefom;

jyifay:wGif azmfjyay;onf/ Character –based odkYr[kwf

text- based y½dk*&rfrsm;onf xHk;pHtm;jzifh graphic-based

program rsm;xuf ydkí jrefqefpGm aqmif&Gufay;Muonf/

taMumif;rl graphic rsm;udk zefwD;&onfrSm ykdí tcsdefMum

jrifhaomaMumifh jzpfonf/

character map. Character 256 ckpvHk;rSm vkd&mudk

toHk;cs&eftwGuf Windows wGif yg&Sdaom utility wpfck

jzpfonf/ Keyboard jzifhqkdvQif character rsm;tm;vHk;udk

oHk;pJG&ef tuefYtowf&SdaeOD;rnfjzpfonf/ Character

tydktjzpf txl; character rsm;? symbol rsm; yg&SdMuonf/

Apple macintosh uGefysLwmrsm;wGif character map udk

keypad [lí ac:onf/

character mode or text mode. *&yfzpf½kyfyHkrsm;ukd

razmfjyEkdifbJ character wdkYukdom azmfjyay;Ekdifaom

operating system \ vkyfaqmifEkdifrI jzpfonf/ Windows

onf graphic mode wGif tvkyfvkyfNyD;? MS – DOS onf

text mode wGif tvkyf vkyfonf/

characters per inch (CPI). pmaMumif;wpfaMumif;\

wpfvufrtwkdif;twmwGif 0ifqHhaom character ta&

twGuf jzpfonf/ tawGUtjrifrsm;onfhtwkdif;twmrSm 10

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122

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123

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124

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125

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126

tqifh (4)

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127

bar uaejyD; "Foreground to Transparent" pattern udk

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128

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129

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Q

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130

uGefysLwmtar;tajz

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123456789011234567890112345678901123456789011234567890112345678901


131

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132

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133

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134

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143

Visual Basic.NET jzifh program a&;om;jcif; (6)

Basic.NetVisual

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

tykdif; (5)wGif Heration taMumif;udk azmfjycJhygonf/

,cktydkif;(6)wGif Function taMumif;udk t"du azmfjyoGm;

ygrnf/

Function udk Procedure [k vnf;aumif;? Method

[k vnf;aumif; ac:qkdMuygao;onf/

Function qkdonfrSm trnfwpfpHkwpfck owfrSwfay;

xm;aom program statement tpkta0;wpfck jzpfygonf/

xkduJhodkYaom function udk program \ tjcm;ae&mrsm;rSm

¤if;\trnfudk toHk;jyKí ac:,l toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/

tykdif; (1) rS (5)txd azmfjycJhaom program rsm;rSm

Main ( ) method odkYr[kwf Main ( ) function wpfckwnf;

om toHk;jyKí a&;om;cJhygonf/ Program a&;om;&mwGif

xkduJhodkY function wpfckwnf;jzifh a&;om;EkdifouJhodkY func-

tion wpfckxufru xnhfoGif; toHk;jyKívnf; a&;om;Ekdifyg

onf/ wpfenf;qkdaomf Main ( ) function wGif vkyfaqmif&

rnfh tvkyftm;vHk;udk ra&;bJ wcsKdUwpf0ufom a&;jyD; wcsKdU

wpf0ufudk tjcm;aom function rsm;xJwGif a&;om;vdkufjcif;

jzpfygonf/

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zefwD;&mü (Logic) pOf;pm;&mwGif taxmuftuljzpfap&ef

tcsufrSm t"dujzpfygonf/ tjcm;taMumif;&if;wpfckrSm

program \ t&G,ftpm;udk avQmhcsEkdif&ef jzpfygonf/ xkdY

tjyif function wpfckudk a&;om;jyD;pD;ygu ¤if;udk tMudrf

Mudrf jyefvnf toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/

Visual Basic.NET Language wGif Function/

Method jzpfap&ef Sub Keyword odkYr[kwf Function

keyword wkdYudk toHk;jyKí a&;om;Ekdifygonf/ ,cka&;jyxm;

aom erlem program xJwGif function ESpfck a&;om;xm;yg

onf/ Sub Main ( ) ESifh Sub Test ( ) wdkY jzpfygonf/

erlem program udk avhvmMunhfyg/

01 Imports System.Console

02 Module Module320304 Sub Main()05 WriteLine(“Line1 in Main Method”)06 Call Test()07 WriteLine(“Line 2 in Main Method”)08 End Sub0910 Sub Test()11 WriteLine(“Line 1 in Test Method”)12 WriteLine(“Line 2 in Test Method”)13 End Sub1415 End Module

Program 6-1

Main ( ) function/ Method rSm Line 04 wGif Sub

Main ( ) [k pwifa&;om;xm;jyD; Line 08 wGif End Sub

jzifh tqHk;owfxm;ygonf/ Line 10 wGif Sub Test ( ) rSm

Test ( ) Function \ tpjzpfjyD; Line 13 &Sd End Sub rSm

tqHk;owf jzpfygonf/

Main ( ) function/ Method rSm program udk Run

vkdufaomtcg pwiftvkyfvkyfrnfh function jzpfjyD; tjcm;

aom function rsm;rSm ¤if;wdkYukd ac:oHk;rSom tvkyf vkyfrnf

jzpfygonf/

,ckerlem program wGif Sub Main ( ) twGif;&Sd Line

05 Writeline ("Line 1 in Main Method") udk pwif tvkyf

vkyfygrnf/ xkdYaMumifh Screen ay:wGif "Line 1 in Main

Method" [laom pmom;udk OD;pGm awGU&ygrnf/ Line 06

wGif a&;xm;aom Call Test ( ) rSm Test ( ) function udk

ac:,ltoHk;jyKjcif; jzpfygonf/ xkdYaMumifh Test ( ) func-

tion twGif;&Sd Line 11 udk tvkyfvkyfygrnf/ jyD;vQif Line

12 udk qufoGm;ygrnf/ Line 12 jyD;onfhtcg Test ( ) func-

tion \ tvkyfjyD;jyDjzpfygonf/ Test ( ) function \ tvkyf

jyD;onfhtcg ¤if;tm; ac:,lxm;aom Main ( ) function

udk jyefvnf tvkyfvkyfygonf/ Line 06 Call Test( ) jyD;qHk;í

Line 07 udk oGm;rnf jzpfygonf/


144

Program tvkyfvkyfoGm;aom Line rsm;udk azmfjyygvQif

05, 06, 11, 12, 07 wdkY jzpfygrnf/ Output udkvnf; Munhfyg/

tvkyfvkyfoGm;aom Line rsm;ESifh output wdkYudk Munhfí

Function/Sub oabmw&m;udk em;vnfEdkifatmif MudK;pm;

yg/

Function ac:oHk;&mwGif Call Test ( ) [k a&;om;í

ac:oHk;EkdifouJhodkY Test ( ) [kvnf; Call Keyword rygbJ

a&;Ekdifygonf/

Sub/Function wpfckrS tjcm; Sub/Function wpfckodkY

wpfqifhjyD;wpfqifh ac:,ltoHk;jyKyHkudk od&SdEkdif&ef erlem pro-

gram wpfyk'fudk xyfrHavhvmyg/

01 Imports System.Console02 Module Module340304 Sub Main()05 Call Test()06 End Sub0708 Sub Test()09 WriteLine(“Line 1 in Test Method”)10 Call AnotherTest()11 WriteLine(“Line 2 in Test Method”)12 End Sub1314 Sub AnotherTest()15 WriteLine(“Line 1 in AnotherTest

Method”)16 WriteLine(“Line 2 in AnotherTest

Method”)17 End Sub18 End Module

Program 6-3

Program tvkyfvkyfrnfh Line rsm;rSm 05, 09, 10, 15,

16, 11 wdkY jzpfygrnf/ Outout rSm

Sub/Function wpfckrSaeí tjcm;aom Sub/Func-

tion wpfckudk ac:,ltoHk;jyKEkdifygonf/ Sub (3) ck yg0ifaom

erlem program udkvnf; avhvmMunhfyg/

01 Imports System.Console02 Module Module330304 Sub Main()05 Call Test()06 Call AnotherTest()07 Call AnotherTest()08 End Sub0910 Sub Test()11 WriteLine(“Line 1 in Test Method”)12 WriteLine(“Line 2 in Test Method”)13 End Sub1415 Sub AnotherTest()16 WriteLine(“Line 1 in AnotherTest

Method”)17 WriteLine(“Line 2 in AnotherTest

Method”)18 End Sub

19 End Module

Program 6-2

Program tvkyfvkyfrnfh Line rsm;rSm 05, 11, 12, 06,

16, 17, 07, 16, 17 wdkY jzpfygonf/

Sub/Function wpfckrSm tjcm;wpfckudk ac:,ltoHk;jyK

&mü Sub/Function rsm; a&;om;xm;aom tpDtpOfta&SU

taemufonf Visual Basic.NET Language wGif t"du

r[kwfyg/ qkdvdkonfrSm Sub Main ( ) udk aemufqHk;rS a&;jyD;

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uGefysLwmoifcef;pm


145

tjcm;aom Sub/Function rsm;udk t&ifa&;xm;ívnf; &yg

onf/

erlem program ESifh output udk Munhfyg/

01 Imports System.Console02 Module Module350304 Sub Test()05 WriteLine(“In the Test Method”)06 End Sub0708 Sub Main()09 WriteLine(“In the Main Method”)10 Call Test()11 End Sub1213 End Module

Program 6-4

a&;&ygrnf/ ,ckerlem Program 6-5 wGif Function trnf

rSm Test jzpfjyD; Return Type rSm Integer jzpfygonf/

Sub wpfckrSm ¤if; Sub tm; ac:,l toHk;jyKonfhtcg

Sub twGif;&Sd statement rsm;udk tvkyfvkyfoGm;ygrnf/

Function rSmrl ¤if; function twGif;&Sd statement rsm;

tvkyfvkyfjyD;ygu wefzkd;wpfckudk jyefxkwfay;ygrnf/

Line 05 wGif a = Test ( ) [k a&;xm;onfrSm Test ( )

function udk ac:oHk;xm;jcif; jzpfygonf/ Function ac:oHk;

xm;onfhtwGuf Test ( ) Function tvkyfvkyfygrnf/

Function xJwGif Return 7 [k a&;om;xm;onfhtwGuf

Function rSaeí "7" [laom wefzkd;udk jyefay;ygrnf/

xkdYaMumifh Function udk ac:oHk;xm;aom Line 5 a = Test

( ) ae&mwGif Test ( ) \ ae&mwGif ''7" jzpfygrnf/ Variable

"a" \ wefzkd;rSm "7" jzpfygrnf/ Line 06 udk qufvuf

tvkyfvkyfonfhtcg screen ay:wGif "7" udk jyygrnf/

Function keyword udk toHk;jyKí a&;om;xm;aom

program wpfyk'fudk azmfjyygrnf/

01 Imports System.Console02 Module Module3603 Sub Main()04 Dim a As Integer05 a = Test()06 WriteLine( a )07 End Sub0809 Function Test() As Integer10 Return 711 End Function12 End Module

Program 6-5

Line 09 wGif &Sdaom Function Test ( ) As Integer rS

pwifí avhvmMunhfyg/ Function keyword jzifh pwifí

¤if;aemufwGif Function trnfyg&Sdygrnf/ xkdYaemuf ( )

Function oauFw yg&Sdygrnf/ aemufqHk;wGif Return Type

[k ac:aom Function rS jyefay;rnfh wefzdk; trsKd;tpm;udk

Function rSaeí wefzkd;jyefay;onfh taMumif;udk odcJh

jyD; jzpfonf/ Sub/Function wdkYxJodkYvnf; wefzkd;xnfhay;

vkdufí &ygonf/ erlem program wpfyk'fudk avhvmMunhfMu

ygpdkY/

01 Imports System.Console02 Module Module3703 Sub Main()04 Dim a As Integer05 a = Twice( 6 )06 WriteLine( a )07 a = Twice( 13 )08 WriteLine( a )09 End Sub1011 Function Twice(ByVal n As Integer)

As Integer12 Dim r As Integer13 r = n * 214 Return r


146

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

15 End Function

16 End Module

Program 6-6

Program 6-6 wGif Sub Main ( ) ESifh Function Twice

( ) ESpfck a&;xm;ygonf/ Line 11 &Sd Function Twice (By

Val n As Integer) As Integer rSm Function \ tpjzpfyg

onf/ Twice rSm Function \ trnfjzpfygonf/ ( ) twGif;

&Sd ByVal n As Integer rSm Parameter [k ac:onfh vari-

able yif jzpfygonf/ ByVal n As Integer udk variable

aMunmxm;onf[kyif tvG,frSwfom;xm;Ekdifygonf/ xdkodkY

Parameter [k a&;xm;onfhtwGuf Twice ( ) Function

udk toHk;jyKvdkonfhtcg Integer wefzdk;wpfck xnfhay;&rnf

jzpfygonf/ xdkodkY xnfhay;&aom wefzdk;tm; Argument

[k ac:ygonf/ ( ) aemufwGif&Sdaom (Return Type) rSm

function rS jyefay;rnfh wefzdk;\ Data Type jzpfygonf/

Line 05 wGif a = Twice (6) [k a&;xm;onf/ Twice

( ) Function udk ac:oHk;jcif;jzpfjyD; '6' [laom wefzdk;udk

function xJodkY xnfhay;vdkufjcif;jzpfygonf/ xdk line 05

rS function udk ac:oHk;onfhtcgwGif line 11 wGif &Sdaom

Twice ( ) Function xJodkY tvkyfoGm;vkyfygvdrhfrnf/

Function \ Parameter ae&mwGif &Sdaom variable

"n" \ wefzdk;rSm "6" jzpfoGm;ygvdrhfrnf/ Function quf

vuf tvkyfvkyfaqmifonfrSm variable "n" \ wefzdk;udk

ESpfq jyKvkyfí variable "r" twGif;odkY xnfhygonf/

xdkYaemuf Line 14 wGif Return r [k a&;xm;aomaMumifh

variable "r" \ wefzdk; (,ck erlem program wGif "12" )

udk jyefay;ygvdrhfrnf/ Line 05 &Sd variable "a" \ wefzdk;rSm

"12" jzpfygonf/ a = Twice (6) [k a&;vQif "a" \ wefzdk;

"12" jzpfrnf/ a = Twice ( )13) [k a&;vQif "a" \ wefzdk;

"26" jzpfygrnf/

Function wpfcktm; ac:oHk;Edkifonfh yHkpHtrsKd;rsKd;tm;

od&SdEdkif&ef erlem program wpfyk'f azmfjyxm;ygonf/


02 Module Module38

03 Sub Main()04 Dim num As Integer05 num = Square( 5 )06 WriteLine( num )0708 num = Square(5) + Square(6)09 WriteLine(num)1011 num = Square(Square( 4 ))12 WriteLine( num )13 End Sub1415 Function Square (ByVal n As Integer)

As Integer16 Return n * n End17 Function18 End Module

Program 6-7

Square ( ) Function udk t"du avhvmyg/ Square

( ) Function \ tvkyfrSm Function xJodkY xnfhay;vdkuf

aom wefzdk;udk ESpfxyfudef;&Smí &vmaom wefzdk;udk jyefay;

vdkufjcif; jzpfygonf/

Line 04, num = Square (5) - Square ( ) Function udk

oHk;xm;onf/ Function xJodkY wefzdk; "5" xnfhonf/

Function rS jyefay;aom wefzdk;udk variable "num"

xJodkY jyefxnfhonf/

Line 08, num = Square (5) + Square(6)-

Square ( ) Function udk ESpfMudrf ac:oHk;xm;ygonf/

xdkESpfMudrfrS jyef&vmaom wefzdk;ESpfckudk aygif;í variable

"num" xJodkY xnfhxm;ygonf/ Square (5) rSm "25"

&rnfjzpfjyD; Square (6) rSm "36" &rnfjzpfygonf/ xdkYaMumifh

variable "num" \ wefzdk;rSm "61" jzpfygrnf/

Line 11, num = Square (Square (4))

Square ( ) Function udk ESpfMudrfoHk;xm;onf/ odkYaomf

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wefzdk; (Return Value) udk aemuf Function odkY Argu-

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uGefysLwmoifcef;pm


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01 Imports System.Console01 Imports System.Console02 Module Module390304 Sub Main()05 ShowStars( 1 )06 ShowStars( 2 )07 ShowStars( 3 )08 ShowStars( 4 )09 ShowStars( 5 )10 End Sub1112 Sub ShowStars(ByVal n As Integer)13 Dim i As Integer14 For i = 1 To n15 Write(“*”)16 Next17 WriteLine()18 End Sub19 End Module

Program 6-8

Program wGif Sub Main ( ) ESifh Sub Show Stars ( )

ESpfck a&;ygonf/ Sub Show Stars (ByVal n As Integer)

[k a&;xm;onfhtwGuf ShowStars ( ) udk ac:oHk;rnf qdk

ygu Integer wefzdk;wpfck xnfhay;rS&rnf jzpfygonf/

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02 Module Module40

03

04 Sub Main()05 ShowStars( 5 , “+”)06 ShowStars( 10 , “*”)07 ShowStars( 8 , “-”)08 ShowStars( 12 , “X”)09 End Sub

10

11 Sub ShowStars(ByVal n As Integer,ByVal s As String)

12 Dim i As Integer13 For i = 1 To n14 Write( s )15 Next16 WriteLine()17 End Sub

18 End Module

Program 6-9

Sub Main ( ) ESifh Sub ShowStars ( ) wdkY yg0ifyg

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ByVal s As String) [k a&;om;xm;onfhtwGuf Show

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Sub ShowStars ( ) twGif; qufvuf a&;xm;onfrSm

xnfhay;vdkufaom "n" wefzdk; ta&twGuftwdkif; xnfh


148

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01 Imports System.Console02 Module Module41

03

04 Sub Main()05 Dim num As Integer06 num = Sum( 5, 6 )07 WriteLine( num )

08

09 WriteLine( Sum( 10, 20) )10 End Sub1112 Function Sum(ByVal a As Integer,

ByVal b As Integer) As Integer13 Return a + b14 End Function

15 End Module

Program 6-10

Line 12 wGif &Sdaom function sum (ByVal a As Inte-

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xnfhrxm;yg/ ¤if;udk

toH(Sounds:) tuGuf

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162

TUTORIAL

Effect 7: Color Changing & 3D Text

,ckvwGif Logo wpfckudk ta&mifajymif;í jyifyrS 3D

Text rsm;udk Premiere Pro ESifhwGJí Movie file wpfck jyKvkyf

Munhfygr,f/ xkdvkyfief; jyKvkyfzkdYtwGuf Logo file wpfck

zefwD;xm;&rSmjzpfjyD; .psd format jzifh vkyfaqmifoGm;rSm

jzpfygw,f/ 3D Text twGuf Ulead core 3D software udk

toHk;jyKí wGJzuf vkyfaqmifoGm;ygr,f/

1/ Adobe Premiere Pro xJokd Y0ifí New project

wpfckxm;ay;yg/ File > import jzifh Photoshop wGif

qGJxm;aom psd file ukd ac:xnhfay;yg/ Dialog box

usvmwhJtcg layer options wGif Merged Layers

udka&G;í ok wGif click ESdyfyg/ toHk;jyKvkdaom aemufcH

Video file wpfckudkvnf; ac:xnhfxm;ay;yg/

jyKxm;whJtwGuf aemufxyf Video file ay:wGif Logo

file udk jrifawGU&ygr,f/

rSwfcsuf/ / Photoshop wGif Logo zefwD;&ef file

topf,laomae&mrS Background contents: wGif

Transparent ukda&G;í toHk;jyKay;yg/

2/ Video file udk Timeline xJrS video 1 Track ae&mokdY

qGJxnhfjyD; Logo file udk video 2 track xJokdY qGJxnhf

xm;ay;yg/ Photoshop wGif Transparent jzifh toHk;


163

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TUTORIALTUTORIAL

3/ Monitor panel rS Effect control tab wGif click ESdyfyg/

xkdxJrS opacity a&SU&Sd triangle wGif click ESdyfí opac-

ity wefzkd;udk 50 ½kdufxnhfay;yg/

satwation = -100 pD ½kdufxnhfay;jyD; play button wGif

click ESdyfí preview Munhfay;yg/

4/ Project panel xJrS Effects tab wGif click ESdyfyg/ Ef-

fect control xJrS Video Effects > Image control >

Color Balance (HLS) ukd Logo file ay:okdY drag

qGJxnhfay;yg/ Monitor panel rS Effect controls

xJwGif Color Balance (HLS) effect udk &&Sdvmyg

vdrfhrnf/

6/ 3D Text vIyf&Sm;rIjyKvkyfzkdYtwGuf Ulead Cool 3D soft-

ware udk qufvuf toHk;jyKygr,f/ Ulead Cool 3D

xJokdY0ifí New file wpfck ,lxm;ay;yg/

5/ ta&mifajymif;jcif;vkyfief;udk qufvufjyKvkyfygr,f/

Color Balance (HLS) &Sd Triangle wGif click ESdyfí

zGifhcsxm;yg/ xkdYaemuf Hue = -35, Lightness = 20,

7/ Object Tool bar rS T yHkpH (insert Text) button wGif

click ESdyfyg/ usvmaom dialog box wGif Font - Im-

pact, size = 25 a&G;í "H" pmvHk;½kdufxnhfay;jyD; ok

wGif click ESdyfyg/

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164

TUTORIAL

8/ pmvHk;ta&mifajymif;&eftwGuf Animation Toolbar \

a&SUqHk;rS combo box wGif click ESdyfí color udk

a&G;ay;yg/ xkdYaemuf atmufajc&Sd object Style ae&mrS

Ligh & Color wGif click ESdyfí oifhawmfaom ta&mif

wpfck a&G;ay;yg/

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click ESdyfí usvmaom dialog box wGif "v" pmvHk;

½kdufxnhfí H atmufokdY ae&ma&TUxm;ay;yg/

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color ae&mwGif position ukda&G;í nmbufatmufajc

em;okdY a&TUay;yg/

11/Step 10 rS twkdif;jyKvkyfí "p" pmvHk;udk zefwD;ay;yg/

12/ vIyf&Sm;rIjyKvkyf&eftwGuf Frame rsm;owfrSwfjyD;? Key-

frame rsm; xnhfMunfhygr,f/ Animation Toolbar wGif

&Sdaom Number of frames ae&mwGif 10 jzpfaejyD; 120

½dkufxnhfay;yg/ ab;bufwGif&Sdaom (fps) wefzkd;udk

30 ½kdufxnhfay;yg/


165

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TUTORIALTUTORIAL

13/Standard toolbar wGif&Sdaom combo box wGif H pmvHk;

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wefzkd;udk 30 ½kdufxnhfay;yg/ xkdYaemuf (+) button

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xnfhay;yg/

14/xkdYaemuf Animation toolbar rS xdyfqHk; box wGif ori-

entation udka&G;í pmrsufESmay:rS H pmvHk;ay:wGif

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location toolbar rS Y wefzkd;wGif 360 ½kdufxnhfay;yg/

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bar rS Y wefzkd;wGif 360 ½kdufxnhfay;yg/ jyD;vQif Ani-

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view Munfhay;yg/

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rSwfcsuf/ / key frame rsm; jyefjzKwfcsifvQif (-) De-

lete keyframe wGif click ESdyfEdkifygonf/

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166

TUTORIAL

17/File > Save jzifh vuf&Sd file udk odrf;xm;ay;yg/ Pre-

miere wGif jyefoHk;&eftwGuf Export xkwfMunhfygr,f/

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click ESdyfay;yg/ atmufajc status bar wGif 100%

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jyef0ifxm;ay;yg/

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stills rS check box wGif trSefjcpfxm;jyD; open but-

ton wGif click ESdyfay;yg/

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qGJxnhfjyD; aemufcH video file udk video 1 Track xJokdY

qGJxnhfay;yg/

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ae&mwGif xm;í toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/

rsKd;rif;xGef;


167

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168

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jznhfoGif;xm;&SdEkdifonf/

Ä Anything on your Start menu - Shortcut vkyfvkd

onfht&mudk right-click vkyfí copy udk a&G;cs,f

ESdyfvdkufjyD; rdrdxm;vdkaom ae&mwGif wpfzefjyefí

right-click vkyfum Paste Shortcut udk a&G;cs,f

ay;vkdufEdkifonf/

Ä Nearly anything else - rdrdtvkd&Sdaomt&mukd drag

and drop vkyfí ae&mopfwGif csxm;vdkufjyD; armufpf

udk vTwfvdkufonfESifh Create Shortcuts udk a&G;cs,f

,lvkdufvQif xkdae&mwGifyif shortcut av; ay:vm

ygvdrhfonf/

Ä Disk drives - Computer folder udk zGifhum rdrd tvdk

&Sdonfh drive udk a&G;cs,fjyD; ¤if;ay:wGif right-click

ESdyfum Create Shortcut udk a&G;cs,fjyD; zefwD;,lEkdif

onf/ Figure-5.3 wGif jyxm;ouJhodkY rdrd desktop

ay:wGif tqkdyg drive \ shortcut udk csxm;Edkifygonf/

Fig: 5-3 Windows taejzifh csxm;jyD;jzpfaom shortcut rsm;rS

wpfyg; usefrnfonfh shortcut rqkd desktop ay:wGif ae&m

csxm;Ekdifonf/


169

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ydkrdkjrefqefrI&Sdygonf/ Oyrm rdwfaqGwpfOD;wpfa,mufqDodkY

tD;ar;vfydkYrnfqkdygu rdrdwGif&SdaejyD;aom vdyfpmpm&if;rS

Internet Explorer's Address bar odkY copy/paste vkyfief;

pOfjzifh aqmif&Guf,lEkdifonf/

rSwfrd&ef

Details Department ESifh Don't Bore Me wkdY\

jznhfqnf;rIvnf; &Sdaeygao;onf/ Copying/Pasting

vkyfief;pOftwGuf vsifjrefpGm toHk;jyKEkdif&ef vrf;nTefcsuf

oHk;ck &Sdygonf/

1/ Cut twGufjzpfap? Copy twGufjzpfap jyKvkyf&rnfh

taMumif;t&mudk a&G;cs,f,l&rnf/ (pum;vHk;tcsKdU? file

wpfck? web address wpfck? odkYr[kwf item wpfckckudk qkdvkd

onf/)

2/ Right-Click ESdyfvdkufonfhtcgwGif menu av;rS cut

odkUr[kwf copy wpfckckudk a&G;cs,fay;&onf/

Cut udk toHk;jyKvQif rdrda&G;cs,fxm;aomt&mudk

z,fxkwfypfvdrfhrnf/ Copy udk a&G;cs,fvdkufygu rdrda&G;cs,f

xm;aom t&m\rdwåLudk aumuf,lay;vdrfhrnf/ rdwåLudk

aumuf,laomfvnf; rl&if;udk rlvae&mwGif qufvuf&Sdae

apygvdrhfrnf/

Keyboard shortcut udk toHk;jyKvdkygu Ctrl udk zdxm;

jyD; X udk ESdyfvdkufygu Cut uJhodkY aqmif&Gufay;rnfjzpfjyD;

C udk Ctrl ESifh ESdyfvdkufygu Copy uJhodkY vkyfaqmifay;rnf

jzpfonf/

3/ rdrdae&mcsxm;vkdaom ae&mwGif right-click ESdyfí Paste

udk click vkyfvdkuf&mwGif rdrdtaejzifh document wpfck

twGif; jzpfap? folder twGif;wGifjzpfap? wpfckck\ teD;

tem;wGif jzpfap right-click udk vkyfEdkifygonf/

rdrdtvdk&Sdaomt&mudk a&G;cs,fvdkufjyD;onfESifh cut

vkyfief;jzpfap? copy vkyfief;jzpfap jrefjrefxufxuf vkyf&yg

onf/ rdrdnTef;qkdaomae&mrS vGJrSm;aom ae&modkY armufpf

a&GUroGm;rD ESdyf&efudk qkdvdkonf/

Windows Vista's Free Programs!0if;'dk;Apfpfwmtaejzifh tvSyqHk; version jzpfapcJhonfh

tavsmuf tcrJhy½dk*&rf tajrmuftjrm; xnhfay;vdkufonf/

Oyrmtm;jzifh Media Player ESifh Mail uJhodkY y½dk*&rfrsKd;udk

qkdvdkonf/

¤if;wdkYtxJrS tvGeftoHk;0ifaprnfh WordPad ESifh

Note Pad uJhodkYaom word processor y½dk*&rfrsm;? tcsdef

Z,m;yg Calendar scheduling y½dk*&rfrsm;? Character Map

rsm;ESifh Paint y½dk*&rfrsm;udk nTef;qkdwifjy&rnf jzpfonf/

Writing Letters with WordPadaps;uGufwoD;wjcm; a&mif;csvsuf&Sdaom aps;EIef;MuD;

jrifhonfh word processor rsm;uJhodkY vSvSyy om;om;em;em;

toHk;jyKEdkifaom WordPad ygvmcJhonf/ yHkZ,m;rsm;

odkYr[kwf multiple columns trsKd;tpm;udk rzefwD;Edkifay/

owif;pm yHkpH? aMumfjimpmwef;yHkpHjzifh double-space tm;

vkyfudkifaom reports rsm; ra&;Edkifay/ Spell checker vnf;

rygay/

rnfokdYyifjzpfap WordPad onf ½dk;½dk;&Sif;&Sif; wifjypm

odkYr[kwf udk,fa&;pmrsKd;rsm;udkrl aumif;pGm vkyfukdifay;

Ekdifygonf/ Font rsm;udkvnf; ajymif;vJoHk;pGJEdkifygonf/

0if;'kd;pepftoHk;jyKolwkdif; tqkdyg WordPad jzifh a&;om;

jyKpkxm;orQudk tjcm; 0if;'dk;uGefysLwmwGif tvdkufoifh zwf½I

,lEkdkifygonf/

WordPad udk toHk;jyKvkdygu Start menu udk

ESdyfvdkufpOf ay:xGufvmonfh All Programs rS

wpfqifh Accessories odkY oGm;um WordPad udk

a&G;cs,fESdyfvdkuf½Hkom &Sdonf/ pm½dkuf,lyHk ½kduf,lenf;rSmvnf;

vQyfppfvufESdyfpufwpfvHk; toHk;jyKouJhodkY wpfyHkpHwnf;

toHk;jyKEkdifjyD; pmaMumif; qHk;oGm;onfhtcg tvdktavsmuf

atmufvdkif; pmykd'ftpae&mwGif ae&m,lay;onf/

Jotting down notes with NotepadWordPad udk toHk;jyKí a&;om;aompmrsm;onf

wjcm;olrsm; zwf½IEkdifap&ef jyifqifjcif;jzpfjyD; NotePad

rSmrl rdrdtwGufom jyKpkaompmrsKd;twGuf toHk;jyK&ef pDpOf

ay;xm;jcif; jzpfonf/

NotePad udk toHk;jyKvdkygu Start menu udk ESdyf

vdkufpOf ay:xGufvmonfh All Programs rSwpfqifh

Accessories odkYoGm;um NotePad udk a&G;cs,f

ac:,lvdkuf&onf/

uHraumif; taMumif;rvSpGm Notepad toGiftjyif

onf pdwfwkdif;usykHpHrsKd;jzpfEkdifrnf r[kwfay/ pmp½dkufonfESifh

nmbuftzsm;rSpjyD; prompt ay;um jyoay;wwfonf/

tu,fí pmykd'fyHkpHjzifh tvdk&Sdygu ¤if;wGif yg&Sdaom Word-

Wrap udk toHk;jyK&ygvdrhfrnf/


170

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

aemufwpfck owdjyK&rnfrSm word processors trsm;pk

ESifh rwlay/ On-screen wGif jrifawGU&onfhtwkdif; print

xkwf&mwGif xGufay:vm&ef tmrcHcsuf ray;Ekdifay/ File

menu rS Page Setup wGif &Sdonfh margins vdkif;twkdif;

pmom;rsm; xGufvmvdrhfrnf/ okdYtwGuf taumif;qHk;rSm

print xkwfvkdvQif NotePad rS ul;í WordPad odkY ajymif;,l

jyD;rSom print xkwf,loifhonf/

Keeping appointments with CalendarCalendar tpDtpOfonf Windows XP wGif rjrif

awGU&aom y½dk*&rfav; jzpfonf/ a&cJaowåm

ay:wGif a&;MuD;okwfysmyHkpHjzifh rSwfp&mom;p&mrsm;

a&;om;aernfhtpm; pepfwus tcsdefZ,m;y½dk*&rfjzifh

vkyfrnfhtpDtpOfrsm;udk rSwfom;,ljcif; jzpfonf/ ¤if;udk

vkyfudkifaqmif&Gufvdkygu Start menu rSwpfqifh All

Programs odkYoGm;um Window Calendar [lonfh taMumif;

tcsufudk a&G;cs,fESdyf,l&ygonf/

Figure 5-4 wGif jyxm;onfhtwkdif; Calendar tpDtpOf

taejzifh b,fbufjcrf;wGif vtvdkuf jyorI? tv,fwGif

aeYtvdkuf csdef;qkdxm;rIrsm;ESifh nmbufqHk;wGifrl ta&;MuD;

aom vkyfief;csdef;qkdrIrsm;udk high light jyay;xm;ygonf/

Calendar \ ESpfoufzG,f&m tcsufwpfcsufrSm rdrd\

Web site wGif csdef;qkdxm;csufrsm; jznhfoGif;jyD; rQa0jzefYcsd,l

Ekdifonf/ oufqkdifolwkdif;tm; tvkdtavsmuf today;

aMunmjyD; jzpfoGm;aponf/

Calendar \ tm;enf;csufrSm aemufusrI&SdvmcJhvQif

cGifhrvTwfEkdifaomtaetxm;&SdoGm;apjcif;yif jzpfonf/

Microsoft \ tD;ar;vfy½dk*&rfudk toHk;jyKonfh rnfol

rqkd Outlook onf Calendar ESifh tHusjzpfaeapygonf/

Features rsm;udk rdwåLyGm;apum Calendar qDodkY rQa0jzefYcsd

ay;onf/ Apfpfwm\ Calendar onf Mac y&dowfrS iCal

toHk;jyKolrsm;ESifhvnf; rQa0rI&,lEkdifaponf/ odkYtwGuf

½Hk;vkyfief; obm0uGef&ufwpfcktwGuf Calendar u tjynfh

t0 jznhfqnf;ay;EkdifaMumif; rSwf,lEkdifonf/

Finding symbols like © with CharacterMap

Character Map onf rdrdtwGuf trsm;qHk; symbols

rsm;udk xnhfoGif;&mwGif toHk;0ifapouJhodkY roufqkdifaom

characters rsm;ukdvnf; vuf&Sd document wGif jznhfoGif;

cGifhjyKay;onf/ Figure 5-5 wGif jrifawGU&ouJhodkY box

wpfckjzifh tqkdyg tvG,fqHk;y½dk*&rfav;udk cif;usif;jyoay;

xm;onf/ ¤if;wGif yg0ifxm;orQ tm;vHk;onf toifh&,l

Ekdifaom character ESifh symbol rsm;om jzpfonf/

csdef;qkdrI odkYr[kwf vkyf&efvkyfief;pOfwpfckudk jznfhoGif;

&ef calendar ay:rS vkyfrnfhaeYwpfaeYudk click vkyfvkdufjyD;

csdef;qkdxm;onfhtcsdefudk click vkyfvQifyif nmbufjcrf;

tao;pdwf jznhfpGufcsuftjzpf yg0ifoGm;apygonf/

Fig: 5-4 Apfpfwm\ calendar wGif rdrd\ csdef;qdkvsmxm;jyD;

vkyfief;pOfrsm;ESifh vkyfazmfukdifzuf rdwfaqGrsm;pm&if;udk

vkyfief; tpDtpOfcs,l&ef tqifoifh vkyfay;xm;ovdk

jzpfaeapygonf/

Fig: 5-5 Character Map onf symbol rsm;ESifh foreign

character rsm; toHk;jyKEdkifap&ef toifh jyifqifxm;ay;

onf/

Oyrmtm;jzifh copyright character © udk rdrdrSwfwrf;

rSwf&mvkyfief;wGif xnhfoGif;,lyHkudk atmufygtwkdif; jrifawGU

Ekdifonf/


171

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

1234567890123456789012345678901212312345678901234567890123456789012123123456789012345678901234567890121231234567890123456789012345678901212312345678901234567890123456789012123

upm;p&mvm;? uGefysLwmvm;

upm;p&mvm;? uGefysLwmvm;

1/ Start menu rSwpfqifh All Programs odkY oGm;um

Accessories udk a&G;í ¤if;rS System tools udk ESdyfjyD;

Character Map udk ac:,l&onf/

rdrdvuf&SdtoHk;jyKaeaom fonts \trnfudk taotcsm

odxm;&rnf/ ¤if;udk rSefrrSef Font box xJwGif ay:vmygu

ppfaq;Munhf½IEkdifonf/

tu,fí rdrdtoHk;jyKaeaom font jyrvmcJhygu Font

box \ down arrow av;udk ESdyfum Scroll down vkyfí

&SmazGjyD; rdrd\ font udk nTefjyay;&onf/

2/ rdrdtvdk&Sdaom symbol udk jrifawGU&onfhwkdif Character

Map box udk scan vkyf ppfaq;,l&onf/ awGU&Sdygu

tqkdyg character udk double-click vkyfí ac:,lEkdifyg

onf/

Symbols onf Character twGif;rS Copy box okdY

a&muf&SdoGm;jyD; ay:vmonf/

3/ jyD;vQif document twGif; right-click vkyfum Paste

udk a&G;ESdyfvdkufjcif;jzifh rdrdtvdk&Sdaom character odkYr[kwf

symbol a&muf&Sdvmonf/

Drawing and Editing photos with PaintPaint onf ½dk;½dk;yHkrsm; qGJEkdifaom tajccH*&yfzpfy½dk*&rf

av;wpfck jzpfonf/ tu,fí rdrdtaejzifh tjcm;*&yfzpf

y½dk*&rfr&Sdygu ¤if;jzifhyif "mwfyHkrsm;udk Cropping vkyf&ef

twGuf toHk;cs,lEkdifygonf/ ¤if;udk toHk;jyKEkdif&ef Start

menu rSwpfqifh All Programs udk oGm;um Accessories

udk a&G;jyD; ¤if;rSwpfqifh Paint udk click vkyf,lvkduf½Hkjzifh

&&SdEkdifonf/

¤if;wGifvkyfEkdifpGrf;tm; tuefYtowf&SdaeaMumif;udkrl

em;vnfxm;ay;&rnf jzpfonf/ Paint jzifh ground-zero

creations rsK d;xuf tvGefjrefqefaom touch-ups

rsm;twGuf oHk;&ef ydkrdkoifhavsmfaMumif; od&Sdem;vnfxm;oifh

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Paint twGif; rdrdwnf;jzwfxm;aom *&yfzpfudk jzpfap?

zefwD;xm;aom yHk&dyfjzpfap paste vkyf xnhf,lEkdifygao;

onf/ ¤if;wGifyif vkdvm;aom text rsm;ESifh number rsm;udk

vnf; xnhf,lEkdifygonf/ odkYtwGuf tifwmeufrS&&Sdxm;

aom ajryHkay:wGif vrf;trSwfrsm;? trnfrsm;udk azmfnTef;

rSwfom;rI jyKvkyfEkdifaponf/

Paint wGif file rsm;udk BMP, JPG, GIF, TIF ESifh PNG

formats rsm;tm;vHk;jzifh save vkyfjcif;? zGifh,ljcif; &,lEkdif

ygonf/ "mwfyHkrsm;twGuf JPG udk oHk;ívnf;aumif;? pro-

duction - quality work twGuf TIF udkvnf;aumif;? Web

button rsm;twGuf PNG odkYr[kwf GIF udkvnf;aumif;

toD;oD; toHk;jyKEkdifrnf jzpfonf/ BMP rS tjcm; format

rsm;odkY ajymif;r&Ekdifonfh tajctaersm; ,cktcg ausmfvTm;

oGm;EkdifjyD jzpfonf/ (BMP file rsm;onf MuD;rm;vGef;ojzifh

tD;ar;vfrsm;ESifh wGJxnhf&ef tcuftcJ &Sdaewwfonf)

qufvufazmfjyygOD;rnf/


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uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

5.4 USING THE TABBED PANES

JAVA DEVELOPER GUIDE

Chapter (5)

Tabbed Panes qkdwmuawmh panels awGudk pkpnf;xm;

wmygyJ/ 'gayr,fh wpfBudrfrSm panel wpfckudkomvQif jrif&

atmif zefwD;xm;wmygyJ/ Tabbed Panes awGudk &,lcsif&if

JTabbed Panes Class udk implement vkyfNyD;awmh

ac:,ltoHk;cs½HkygyJ/

uJ wu,fvdkYTabbed Panes udk zefwD;a&;om;vkdufvdkY

panel wpfckcsif;pDudk ac:,lr,fqkd&ifayghaemf/ pmzwfol[m

olY&JU Tab awGudk ESdyfNyD;awmh Tab Panel awGudk ajymif;vJ

Munhf½Ivdkuf½HkygyJ/ Tabs awGudk zefwD;wJhtcgrSm Hori-

zontally across the top or bottom rSm zefwD;vdkY&ovdk

Vertically along the left or right side rSmvnf; zefwD;vdkY

&ygw,f/

Tabbed Panes awGudk zefwD;wJhtcgrSm atmufyg

twkdif; constructor method (3) ck&Sdygw,f/

• JTabbedPane( ) - Create a vertical tabbedpane along the top thatdoes not scroll.

• JTabbedPane(int) - Create a tabbed pane thatdoes not scroll and hasthe specified placement.

• JTabbed Pane (int, int) - Create a tabbed pane withthe specified placement(first argument) andscrolling policy (secondargument).

Tabbed Panes awGudk xm;wJh taetxm;uvnf;

tabs awGudk panel ay:rSm qufET,f azmfjyay;xm;wmeJY

twlwlygyJ/ atmufyg four class arguments xJu wpfckck

udkawmh toHk;jyK&rSmygyJ/

JTabbedPane.Top, JTabbedPane.BOTTOM,

JTabbedPane.LEFT, JTabbedPane.RIGHT

wu,fvkdY pmzwfol[m tabbed pane awGudk zefwD;NyD;

&if tJ'D component awGudk xnhfoGif;EkdifzdkY addTab ( )

method udk ac:,l toHk;cs&rSmygyJ/ olY&JU method type

u atmufygtwkdif;ygyJ/

addTab(String, Component)

1st arguments 2nd arguments

1st argument uawmh zefwD;xm;wJh Tabbed awG&JU

Label taeeJY yg0if&r,fh text yJ jzpfygw,f/

2nd argument uawmh components taeeJY zefwD;xm;

wJh Tab awGudk zefwD;r,fh Tab panel ay:rSm xnhfoGif;wmyJ

jzpfygw,f/ tJ'gawGudk zefwD;toHk;cswJhtcgrSmawmh JPanel

Class udk Object taeeJY zefwD; ac:,l toHk;cswmygyJ/

uJ tck atmufrSmazmfjyxm;wJh statements awGudk avh

vmMunhfyg/ Panel ta&twGuf (5) ckudk zefwD;NyD;awmh

Tabbed Pane xJudk xnfhoGif;jyxm;wmyJ jzpfygw,f/ avh

vmMunhfyg/

JPanel mainsettings = new JPanel ( ) ;

JPanel advancedsettings = new JPanel ( );

JPanel privacysettings = new JPanel( );

JPanel emailsettings = new JPanel ( ) ;

JPanel securitysettings = new JPanel ( );JTab bedpane tabs = new Tabbed JPane ( ) ;tabs.addTab ("Main", mainsettings);

� �


173

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

tabs.addTab ("Advanced", advancedsettings);

tabs.addTab ("Privacy", privacysettings);

tabs.addTab ("E.mail", emailsettings):

tabs.addTab ("Security". securitysettings);

tckazmfjyay;cJhwJh code_line awGtwdkif; panels xJudk

aygif;xnhfNyD;awmh tabbed pane udk zefwD;vkdufr,fqkd&ifaygh

aemf/ Figure 5.14 taeeJY azmfjyay;xm;wJh Tabs awG yg0ifwJh

JFrame Windows [m vma&muf azmfjyay;vmrSmygyJ/

22. tabs.addTab ("Advanced", advanced-

settings);

23. tabs.addTab ("Privacy", privacy-

settings);

24. tabs.addTab ("E-mail", emailsettings);

25. tabs.addTab ("Security", security-

settings);

26. show ( );

27. }

28.

29. public static void main(String[] argu-

ments){

30. Tabbed t = new Tabbed ( );

31. }

32. }

Analysis1/ 'D program av;rSmawmh

java.awt.*;

java.awt.event.*;

javax.swing.*;

qkdwJh package file (3) ckudk ac:wifxm;ygw,f/ 'Dawmh

qufavhvmMunhf&if JFrame Class udk extends vkyf

xm;wJh Tabbed qkdwJh primary class udk a&;om;yg

w,f/ tJ'D class xJrSm Tabbed ( ) qkdwJh constructor

function udk a&;om;xm;ygw,f/ tJ'D constructor

function &JU vkdif;eHygwf (9)rSmrS

super ("Demonstrate the Tabbed Program

Setting");

qkdNyD;awmh JFrame_Windows &JU title_bar text udk

a&;om;xm;ygw,f/ tJ'Daemuf JFrame_windows &JU

t&G,ftpm;udk Width = 400, Height = 150 jzpfatmifvdkY

SetSize (400,150);

qkdNyD;rS a&;om;xm;ygw,f/ vkdif;eHygwf (12) rSmawmh

SetDefaultCloseOperation (JFrame.EXIT_

ON_CLOSE);

method udk ac:,l toHk;csxm;ygw,f/ 'Dtxduawmh

tcktcsdeftxd oifMum;cJhwJh sample program awGrSmeJY

twlwlygyJ/ odyfNyD; xl;jcm;wmawmh r&Sdao;ygbl;/

2/ vkdif;eHygwf (13) rSmawmh JPanel Class udk Object_

Name awG ay;NyD;awmh ac:,l toHk;csygw,f/ wpfck

ajymp&m&Sdwmuawmh JPanel Class udkyJ object_name

uJ 'Dawmh t&ifqHk; Listing 5.4 taeeJY program code_

line awGudk a&;om;NyD;awmh avhvmMunhfMu&atmifvm;/

Listing 5.4 Demonstrate the Tabbed in

Java1. import java.awt.*;

2. import java.awt.event.*;

3. import javax.swing.*;

4.

5. public class Tabbed extends JFrame {

6.

7. public Tabbed( ) {8.9. super ("Demonstrate the Tabbed Program

Setting");10. SetSize (400,150);11.12. SetDefaultCloseOperation (JFrame.EXIT_

ON_CLOSE);

13. JPanel mainsettings = new JPanel( );

14. JPanel advancedsettings=new JPanel( );

15. JPanel privacysettings=new JPanel( );

16. JPanel emailsettings = new JPanel( );

17. JPanel securitysettings=new JPanel( );

18.19. JTabbedPane tabs = new JTabbedPane

(JTabbedPane.Top);20.21. tabs.addTab ("Main".mainsettings);

Figure 5.14 A tabbed pane with five tabs displayedalong the top edge


174

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JPanel mainsettings = new JPanel ( );

JPanel advancedsettings = new JPanel ( );

JPanel privacysettings = new JPanel ( );

JPanel emailsettings = new JPanel ( );

JPanel securitysettings = new JPanel ( );

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tabs.addTab ("Advanced", advancedsettings);

tabs.addTab ("Privacy", privacysettings);

tabs.addTab ("E-mail", emailsettings);

tabs.addTab ("Security", securitysettings);

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Figure 5.15 Compile & Run of the Tabbed.java

Figure 5.16 Run the program, Tabbed.java

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