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Chapter 4

Atoms and Elements

Laurie LeBlancCuyamaca College

Clicker Questions

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A. –1,+1,+1B. –1,+1,–1C. –1, 0,+1 D. –1,+1, 0E. +1,+1, 0

What is the charge on the electron, the proton, and the neutron, respectively?

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A. –1,+1,+1B. –1,+1,–1C. –1, 0,+1 D. –1,+1, 0E. +1,+1, 0

What is the charge on the electron, the proton, and the neutron, respectively?

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A. DemocritusB. J. J. ThomsonC. John Dalton D. Lord KelvinE. Ernest Rutherford

Which scientist discovered the electron?

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A. DemocritusB. J. J. ThomsonC. John Dalton D. Lord KelvinE. Ernest Rutherford

Which scientist discovered the electron?

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A. ElectronB. NeutronC. Proton D. Two of the aboveE. All of the above

Which of the following subatomic particles has the least mass?

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A. ElectronB. NeutronC. Proton D. Two of the aboveE. All of the above

Which of the following subatomic particles has the least mass?

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A. Electron B. NeutronC. ProtonD. Two of the aboveE. All of the above

What subatomic particle(s) is/are found in the nucleus?

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A. Electron B. NeutronC. ProtonD. Two of the aboveE. All of the above

What subatomic particle(s) is/are found in the nucleus?

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A. MercuryB. PoloniumC. PlatinumD. TungstenE. Lead

Which element has the chemical symbol “Pb”?

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A. MercuryB. PoloniumC. PlatinumD. TungstenE. Lead

Which element has the chemical symbol “Pb”?

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A. Po B. P C. PtD. PbE. K

What is the chemical symbol for potassium?

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A. Po B. P C. PtD. PbE. K

What is the chemical symbol for potassium?

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A. 47 B. 60 C. 94 D. 108E. 154

How many protons are in one silver atom?

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A. 47 B. 60 C. 94 D. 108E. 154

How many protons are in one silver atom?

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A. AluminumB. SiliconC. TinD. PhosphorusE. Iodine

Which of the following elements is a metalloid?

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A. AluminumB. SiliconC. TinD. PhosphorusE. Iodine

Which of the following elements is a metalloid?

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A. ArsenicB. BismuthC. CarbonD. IodineE. Gallium

Which of the following elements is a metalloid?

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A. ArsenicB. BismuthC. CarbonD. IodineE. Gallium

Which of the following elements is a metalloid?

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A. HalogensB. Noble gasesC. Alkaline earth metalsD. Alkali metalsE. Transition metals

Strontium is in which of the following groups?

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A. HalogensB. Noble gasesC. Alkaline earth metalsD. Alkali metalsE. Transition metals

Strontium is in which of the following groups?

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A. HalogensB. Noble gasesC. Alkaline earth metalsD. Alkali metalsE. Transition metals

Chlorine is in which of the following groups?

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A. HalogensB. Noble gasesC. Alkaline earth metalsD. Alkali metalsE. Transition metals

Chlorine is in which of the following groups?

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A. proton number. B. mass number.C. atomic number.D. isotope number.E. neutron number.

The sum of neutrons and protons in a given nucleus is referred to as the

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A. proton number. B. mass number.C. atomic number.D. isotope number.E. neutron number.

The sum of neutrons and protons in a given nucleus is referred to as the

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A. 35B. 36C. 46 D. 70 E. 80

How many electrons are in the bromide ion?

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A. 35B. 36C. 46 D. 70 E. 80

How many electrons are in the bromide ion?

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A. 23, 26, 30 B. 26, 26, 30 C. 26, 26, 56 D. 26, 26, 26 E. 29, 26, 30

How many electrons, protons, and neutrons respectively are in the iron(III) ion, 56Fe3+?

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A. 23, 26, 30 B. 26, 26, 30 C. 26, 26, 56 D. 26, 26, 26 E. 29, 26, 30

How many electrons, protons, and neutrons respectively are in the iron(III) ion, 56Fe3+?

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A. Si2+

B. Si C. Mg2+

D. NeE. Ne2–

What is the symbol for an ion having 12 protons and 10 electrons?

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A. Si2+

B. Si C. Mg2+

D. NeE. Ne2–

What is the symbol for an ion having 12 protons and 10 electrons?

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What is the symbol for an ion having 15 protons and 18 electrons?

A. Ph3–

B. Ar C. P3+

D. Cl–

E. P3–

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What is the symbol for an ion having 15 protons and 18 electrons?

A. Ph3–

B. Ar C. P3+

D. Cl–

E. P3–

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A. 45B. 42C. 48 D. 24 E. 18

How many electrons are in the scandium ion, Sc3+?

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A. 45B. 42C. 48 D. 24 E. 18

How many electrons are in the scandium ion, Sc3+?

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Which atom has the same number of protons as 59Ni?

A. 59FeB. 58Ni C. 59Co D. 141PrE. 102Rh

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Which atom has the same number of protons as 59Ni?

A. 59FeB. 58Ni C. 59Co D. 141PrE. 102Rh

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A. 19 protons and 19 electrons.

B. 19 protons and 0 electrons.

C. 9 protons and 10 electrons.

D. 19 protons and 19 neutrons.

E. 9 protons and 10 neutrons.

The nucleus of a fluorine-19 atom contains

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A. 19 protons and 19 electrons.

B. 19 protons and 0 electrons.

C. 9 protons and 10 electrons.

D. 19 protons and 19 neutrons.

E. 9 protons and 10 neutrons.

The nucleus of a fluorine-19 atom contains

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A. Sr-84 with a mass of 83.9134 amu

B. Sr-86 with a mass of 85.9093 amu

C. Sr-87 with a mass of 86.9089 amu

D. Sr-88 with a mass of 87.9056 amu

The atomic mass of strontium is 87.62 amu. Which of the following isotopes is the most abundant?

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A. Sr-84 with a mass of 83.9134 amu

B. Sr-86 with a mass of 85.9093 amu

C. Sr-87 with a mass of 86.9089 amu

D. Sr-88 with a mass of 87.9056 amu

The atomic mass of strontium is 87.62 amu. Which of the following isotopes is the most abundant?

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A. 0B. 1–C. 1+D. 2–E. 2+

What is the charge on a halide ion?

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A. 0B. 1–C. 1+D. 2–E. 2+

What is the charge on a halide ion?

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A. 27Al3+

B. 27Al C. 14N3–

D. 24Mg2+

E. 20Ne

Which of the following species has 10 electrons and 14 neutrons?

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A. 27Al3+

B. 27Al C. 14N3–

D. 24Mg2+

E. 20Ne

Which of the following species has 10 electrons and 14 neutrons?

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A. 0B. 1–C. 1+ D. 2–E. 2+

What is the charge on an oxygen atom?

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A. 0B. 1–C. 1+ D. 2–E. 2+

What is the charge on an oxygen atom?

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A. the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons.

B. the same number of protons and neutrons. C. the same chemical symbol. D. the same number of electrons and neutrons.E. Two of the above

Isotopes have

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A. the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons.

B. the same number of protons and neutrons. C. the same chemical symbol. D. the same number of electrons and neutrons.E. Two of the above

Isotopes have

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Which of the following elements has the most similar reaction with water as potassium?

A. CaB. Ar C. Fe D. Na E. C

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Which of the following elements has the most similar reaction with water as potassium?

A. CaB. Ar C. Fe D. Na E. C

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A. 12.00 amuB. 12.01 amuC. 13.00 amuD. 14.00 amuE. 25.00 amu

Carbon has three naturally occurring isotopes: C-12 with a mass of 12.00 amu and natural abundance of 98.89%, C-13 with a mass of 13.00 amu and natural abundance of 1.110%. Calculate the atomic mass of carbon. (The abundance of C-14 is negligibly small.)

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A. 12.00 amuB. 12.01 amuC. 13.00 amuD. 14.00 amuE. 25.00 amu

Carbon has three naturally occurring isotopes: C-12 with a mass of 12.00 amu and natural abundance of 98.89%, C-13 with a mass of 13.00 amu and natural abundance of 1.110%. Calculate the atomic mass of carbon. (The abundance of C-14 is negligibly small.)

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A. 299.5 amuB. 299.8 amuC. 300.3 amuD. 300.6 amuE. 301.1 amu

A hypothetical element, Hy, has 3 isotopes, Hy-299, Hy-300, and Hy-301, which have the following natural abundance respectively: 5.00%, 65.00%, and 30.00%. The atomic masses of the isotopes are 299.0 amu, 300.0 amu, and 301.0 amu, respectively. Calculate the atomic mass of Hy.

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A. 299.5 amuB. 299.8 amuC. 300.3 amuD. 300.6 amuE. 301.1 amu

A hypothetical element, Hy, has 3 isotopes, Hy-299, Hy-300, and Hy-301, which have the following natural abundance respectively: 5.00%, 65.00%, and 30.00%. The atomic masses of the isotopes are 299.0 amu, 300.0 amu, and 301.0 amu, respectively. Calculate the atomic mass of Hy.

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A. Solid at room temperatureB. MalleableC. DuctileD. Located toward the left side of the periodic tableE. All of the above

Which of the following is characteristic of metals?

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A. Solid at room temperatureB. MalleableC. DuctileD. Located toward the left side of the periodic tableE. All of the above

Which of the following is characteristic of metals?

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A. Robert Millikan B. J. J. Thomson C. John Dalton D. Lord KelvinE. Ernest Rutherford

Which scientist discovered the nucleus?

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A. Robert Millikan B. J. J. Thomson C. John Dalton D. Lord KelvinE. Ernest Rutherford

Which scientist discovered the nucleus?

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A. J. J. ThomsonB. Leucippus and DemocritusC. John Dalton D. AristotleE. Ernest Rutherford

Who first theorized that matter was composed of atoms?

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A. J. J. ThomsonB. Leucippus and DemocritusC. John Dalton D. AristotleE. Ernest Rutherford

Who first theorized that matter was composed of atoms?

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A. Each element is composed of small indestructible particles called “atoms.”

B. Atoms of a given element are identical to each other.C. Matter is neither created nor destroyed.D. Atoms combine in simple, whole-number ratios to form

compounds.E. All of the above are part of the atomic theory.

Which of the following is NOT a part of Dalton’s atomic theory?

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A. Each element is composed of small indestructible particles called “atoms.”

B. Atoms of a given element are identical to each other.C. Matter is neither created nor destroyed.D. Atoms combine in simple, whole-number ratios to form

compounds.E. All of the above are part of the atomic theory.

Which of the following is NOT a part of Dalton’s atomic theory?

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A. 89.26 amuB. 86.92 amuC. 33.52 amuD. 86.29 amuE. 87.00 amu

Rubidium has two isotopes: Rb-85 with a mass of 84.91 amu and natural abundance of 72.17%, and Rb-87. If the atomic mass of rubidium is 85.47 amu, what is the mass of the second isotope, Rb-87?

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A. 89.26 amuB. 86.92 amuC. 33.52 amuD. 86.29 amuE. 87.00 amu

Rubidium has two isotopes: Rb-85 with a mass of 84.91 amu and natural abundance of 72.17%, and Rb-87. If the atomic mass of rubidium is 85.47 amu, what is the mass of the second isotope, Rb-87?

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A. Al3+ and Ga3+

B. Fe2+ and Fe3+

C. S2– and P3–

D. Li+ and Cl–

E. Cl– and Br–

Which of the following pairs of ions have the same number of electrons?

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A. Al3+ and Ga3+

B. Fe2+ and Fe3+

C. S2– and P3–

D. Li+ and Cl–

E. Cl– and Br–

Which of the following pairs of ions have the same number of electrons?

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A. RubidiumB. BerylliumC. NitrogenD. SulfurE. Cesium

Which of the following elements is expected to have similar properties to magnesium?

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A. RubidiumB. BerylliumC. NitrogenD. SulfurE. Cesium

Which of the following elements is expected to have similar properties to magnesium?