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Containmentof
Communism
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
Korea & Vietnam
SS7H3e
Con
tain
men
t of C
om
mu
nis
mC
LO
ZE N
ote
s 1
En
d o
f WW
II•
The U
nite
d S
tate
s, Sovie
t Unio
n, a
nd G
reat B
ritain
made a
n
agre
em
ent o
n h
ow
they w
ould
_________________________________________________ a
fter W
orld
W
ar II.
•Each
country
was su
ppose
d to
_________________________________________________ th
e la
nds
that w
ere
impacte
d b
y th
e w
ar.
•They w
ould
work to
_________________________________________________ w
ould
be
held
so th
at th
ey p
eople
could
_________________________________________________ .
Sovie
t Un
ion
•O
nce
peace
was d
ecla
red, th
e S
ovie
t Unio
n fo
und itse
lf _________________________________________________ its o
ccupie
d
countrie
s. •
The S
ovie
t Unio
n w
orke
d h
ard
to b
e su
re th
at th
e
_________________________________________________ .•
It eventu
ally
began to
take
over E
aste
rn E
uro
pean a
nd
_________________________________________________ in o
rder to
sp
read th
is form
of g
overn
ment.
Un
ited
Sta
tes
•The _________________________________________________ a
nd sa
w
this a
s bre
akin
g th
e p
rom
ises m
ade a
fter W
WII.
•The U
S _________________________________________________
thre
ate
ned b
y th
e S
ovie
ts so th
at th
ey co
uld
pro
tect th
eir
indiv
idual rig
hts.
•The U
S a
nd th
e S
ovie
t Unio
n fo
und th
em
selv
es
_________________________________________________ , where
they
com
pete
d to
beco
me th
e d
om
inatin
g w
orld
pow
er.
Post-W
WII K
ore
a•
One p
lace
where
this stru
ggle
was se
en w
as o
n th
e
_________________________________________________ .•
Afte
r World
War II, Ja
panese
-occu
pie
d K
ore
a w
as te
mpora
rily
div
ided in
to _________________________________________________ .
•The S
ovie
t Unio
n co
ntro
lled K
ore
a n
orth
of th
e 3
8th p
ara
llel a
nd
esta
blish
ed a
_________________________________________________ .
•The U
nite
d S
tate
s would
be in
charg
e o
f Kore
a
_________________________________________________ and
pro
mote
d a
dem
ocra
tic syste
m.
© 2
01
5 B
rain
Wrin
kle
s
Con
tain
men
t of C
om
mu
nis
mC
LO
ZE N
ote
s 2
Kore
an
War
•In
19
50, K
im Il S
un
g, th
e le
ader o
f North
Kore
a, se
nt h
is pow
erfu
l arm
y to
_________________________________________________ .•
The U
S h
ad
to ta
ke a
_________________________________________________ a
nd w
as w
illing
to g
o to
war to
keep co
mm
unism
from
spre
ad
ing to
this a
rea.
•U
S P
resid
en
t Trum
an
_________________________________________________ to
support
Kore
an g
rou
nd tro
ops, a
nd a
sked
the U
nite
d N
atio
ns to
appro
ve
the u
se o
f force
to
_________________________________________________ .•
The U
nite
d N
atio
ns re
spon
ded q
uick
ly,
_________________________________________________ . The U
.S. a
nd 1
9
oth
er n
atio
ns co
mm
itted tro
ops to
the a
rea.
•The U
N fo
rce, co
mm
an
ded b
y A
merica
n
_________________________________________________ , force
d K
ore
an
sold
iers o
ut o
f South
Kore
a a
nd
farth
er n
orth
to th
e
_________________________________________________ .•
Desp
ite in
itial h
eavy lo
sses, th
e co
mbin
ed U
N fo
rces
_________________________________________________ .•
Goin
g _________________________________________________ in
to N
orth
Kore
a b
roug
ht co
mm
unist C
hin
a’s w
ell-tra
ined a
nd w
ell-e
quip
ped
arm
y in
to th
e w
ar.
•The _________________________________________________ , fo
rcing
the
UN
sold
iers to
retre
at.
•W
hen th
e fi
ghtin
g fi
nally
end
ed
in 1
953,
_________________________________________________ (stale
mate
).•
The 3
8th
para
llel _________________________________________________
betw
een th
e tw
o co
untrie
s.
Kore
a To
day
•The K
ore
an p
enin
sula
was b
adly
dam
aged, a
nd
_________________________________________________ . •
_________________________________________________, so co
nta
inm
ent
of co
mm
unism
had w
orke
d.
•To
day, S
ou
th K
ore
a h
as fre
e e
lectio
ns a
nd a
_________________________________________________ .
•N
orth
Kore
a re
main
s a
_________________________________________________ un
der th
e
auto
cratic ru
le o
f Pre
mie
re K
im Jo
ng-Il.
Vie
tnam
•V
ietn
am
was a
lso ca
ught in
the
_________________________________________________ .•
The co
un
try w
as d
ivid
ed in
to
_________________________________________________ .•
_________________________________________________ led N
orth
V
ietn
am
, while
the U
nite
d S
tate
s pro
vid
ed
_________________________________________________ fro
m fa
lling to
th
e C
om
munists.
•The U
nite
d S
tate
s did
not w
an
t any n
ew
com
munist co
untrie
s _________________________________________________ .
©
20
15
Bra
in W
rinkle
s
Con
tain
men
t of C
om
mu
nis
mC
LO
ZE N
ote
s 3
Vie
tnam
War
•In
19
65
, the U
S b
eca
me in
volv
ed in
the V
ietn
am
War w
hen it
began _________________________________________________ .
•B
illions o
f dolla
rs were
spent a
nd th
ousa
nds o
f _________________________________________________ in
Vie
tnam
to
pre
vent th
e co
untry
from
beco
min
g co
mm
unist.
•M
any A
merica
ns
_________________________________________________ , and in
1
97
3, U
S _________________________________________________ .
•The V
ietn
am
War e
nded in
a
_________________________________________________ .
Vie
tnam
Tod
ay
•In
19
75
, North
Vie
tnam
took o
ver S
outh
Vie
tnam
for g
ood a
nd
the co
untry
was
_________________________________________________ .•
The Pe
ople
’s Republic o
f Vie
tnam
was
_________________________________________________ .
Dem
ocra
cy
•In
ord
er to
pro
tect d
em
ocra
cy a
nd citize
ns’
_________________________________________________ , the U
S
inte
rvened in
both
Kore
a a
nd V
ietn
am
to fi
ght a
gain
st co
mm
unism
.•
Today, S
outh
Kore
a h
as a
_________________________________________________ sim
ilar to
th
at o
f the U
S, w
hile
_________________________________________________ n
atio
n.
•A
lthough th
ere
are
still a fe
w co
mm
unist co
untrie
s left in
the
world
today, th
e U
S su
ccessfu
lly
_________________________________________________ .
© 2
01
5 B
rain
Wrin
kle
s
End of WWII• The United States, Soviet Union, and Great
Britain made an agreement on how they would put the world back together after World War II.
• Each country was supposed to temporarily occupy the lands that were impacted by the war.
• They would work to restore order and free elections would be held so that the people could decide on their future government.
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
Soviet Union• Once peace was declared, the Soviet Union
found itself reluctant to leave its occupied countries.
• The Soviet Union worked hard to be sure that the new governments were communist.
• It eventually began to take over Eastern European and Asian countries by force in order to spread this form of government.
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
United States• The United States was furious and saw this as
breaking the promises made after WWII.
• The US offered aid to the countries threatened by the Soviets so that they could protect their individual rights.
• The US and the Soviet Union found themselves engaged in a Cold War, where they competed to become the dominating world power.
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
Post-WWII Korea• One place where this struggle was seen was on the
Korean peninsula.
• After World War II, Japanese-occupied Korea was temporarily divided into northern and southern parts.
• The Soviet Union controlled Korea north of the 38th parallel and established a communist government.
• The United States would be in charge of Korea south of the 38th parallel and promoted a democratic system.
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
Korean War• In 1950, Kim Il Sung, the leader of North Korea, sent
his powerful army to invade South Korea.
• The US had to take a stand against Communist aggression and was willing to go to war to keep communism from spreading to this area.
• US President Truman ordered American naval and air forces to support Korean ground troops, and asked the United Nations to approve the use of force to stop the North Korean invasion.
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
Kim Il-Sung
Syngman Rhee© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
Korean War• The United Nations responded quickly, imposing
military sanctions. The U.S. and 19 other nations committed troops to the area.
• The UN force, commanded by American General Douglas MacArthur, forced Korean soldiers out of South Korea and farther north to the Chinese border.
• Despite initial heavy losses, the combined UN forces finally began to win.
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
Korean War• Going beyond the 38th parallel into North Korea
brought communist China’s well-trained and well-equipped army into the war.
• The Communist Chinese attacked, forcing the UN soldiers to retreat.
• When the fighting finally ended in 1953, no one was truly victorious (stalemate).
• The 38th parallel dividing line remained intact between the two countries.
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
Korea Today• The Korean peninsula was badly damaged,
and many lives were lost.
• South Korea remained “free”, so containment of communism had worked.
• Today, South Korea has free elections and a democratic constitution.
• North Korea remains a communist country under the autocratic rule of Premiere Kim Jong-Un.
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
Vietnam• Vietnam was also caught in the fight to
contain communism.
• The country was divided into two parts in 1954.
• Ho Chi Minh’s communists led North Vietnam, while the United States provided military support to keep South Vietnam from falling to the Communists.
• The United States did not want any new communist countries formed in Southeast Asia.© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
Ho Chi Minh Leader of North Vietnam
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
Vietnam War• In 1965, the US became involved in the
Vietnam War when it began bombing North Vietnam.
• Billions of dollars were spent and thousands of lives were lost fighting in Vietnam to prevent the country from becoming communist.
• Many Americans protested US involvement, and in 1973, US troops were withdrawn.
• The Vietnam War ended in a cease-fire.© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
A US B-66 Destroyer and four F-105
Thunderchiefs dropping bombs on North
Vietnam.
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
Student Protestors in
Wisconsin - 1965
Vietnam Today• In 1975, North Vietnam took over South
Vietnam for good and the country was reunited as one.
• The People’s Republic of Vietnam was declared a communist country.
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles
Democracy• In order to protect democracy and citizens’
individual freedoms and rights, the US intervened in both Korea and Vietnam to fight against communism.
• Today, South Korea has a democratic republic similar to that of the US, while Vietnam is a communist nation.
• Although there are still a few communist countries left in the world today, the US successfully contained the spread of communism.
© 2015 Brain Wrinkles