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International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
COVER
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 1
WELCOME WORDS FROM THE STATE KEY LAB ........................................................................ 4
SCHEDULE .............................................................................................................................. 5
PARTICIPANTS ....................................................................................................................... 7
PRESENTATION ABSTRACTS .................................................................................................. 15
Model-based Fatigue-Life Monitoring of Structures B. F. Spencer, Jr. and Hongki Jo ................................. 15
Integral Utilization of Multi-types of Structural Vibration Signals for Damage Identification Based on
the “Weak” Formulation of Pseudo-Excitation (PE) Technique: Virtual Vibration Deflection (VVD) Li
Cheng, Zhongqing Su and Hao Xu .................................................................................................................. 16
Planetary Gearbox Diagnosis Based on an Improved Fast Kurtogram Method Jing Lin, Xiaoqiang Xu
and Ming Zhao ............................................................................................................................................ 17
Particle Filter Based Structural Crack Propagation Prognosis Shenfang Yuan, Weibo Yang, Jian Chen, Lei
Qiu, Hanfei Mei ............................................................................................................................................ 18
Fault Diagnostics of the Planetary Gear System of Wind Turbine Fulei Chu, Yong Gui and Qinkai Han ..... 19
Health Monitoring of Wind Turbine Rotor Blades U. Gabbert and S. Duczek ............................................. 20
Numerical Simulation and Applications of Lamb Waves in On-line Monitoring and Off-line Evaluation
Techniques Ning Hu and Yaolu Liu ............................................................................................................. 21
Wind Turbine Gearbox Fault Diagnosis Using Single Channel Stationary Subspace Analysis Ruqiang Yan
and Yuning Qian .......................................................................................................................................... 22
Smart Sensing in the Light of Non-Destructive Testing and Structural Health Monitoring Gerd Dobmann
and Christian Boller ..................................................................................................................................... 23
Monitoring of Wind Farms and Case Studies Guiyun Tian ....................................................................... 24
Damage Identification Using Guided Waves: from Linear to Nonlinear, from Macroscopic to
Mesoscopic, from Distributed to Dispersed Sensing Zhongqing Su ......................................................... 25
Challenges for Condition Monitoring of Transmission Systems Jishan Zhang, Brian Shaw and Robert
Lambert ...................................................................................................................................................... 26
A New Physical Concept of Multiscale Shear-Strain Gradient for Identifying Delamination in
Composite Structures in Noisy Conditions Maosen Cao, W. Ostachowicz, M. Radzienski and Wei Xu ........... 27
Loading Independent Wind Turbine Condition Monitoring: A Baseline Model Approach Ziqiang Lang 28
Wind Turbine Blade Monitoring Using Noncontact Sensing Techniques Hoon Sohn, Byeong Jin Park and
Peipei Liu .................................................................................................................................................... 29
Key Mechanical Issues of Large Scale Wind Turbines - A Project Funded by the National Basic
Research Program Tongguang Wang ......................................................................................................... 30
Condition Monitoring for Reliable and Predicable Operation of Wind Turbines Xiandong Ma .............. 31
Mode-Adaptive Decentralized Control for Renewable DC Microgrid with Enhanced Reliability and
Flexibility Wuhua Li, Yunjie Gu and Xiangning He ........................................................................................ 32
MAP AND CONTACT INFORMATION ..................................................................................... 33
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
1
INTRODUCTION
Offshore wind farm health monitoring and maintenance are major challenges for
renewable energy generation due to large scale, high cost and extreme environments. The
development of faults in the tower or blades can cause serious secondary damage to the
whole wind turbine system if prompt repair action is not taken and can lead to
catastrophic failure. Consequently there is a real and urgent need to bring together
researchers in this field to develop a more “joined up” approach to these problems. The
FP7 International Research Staff Exchange Project of Health Monitoring of Offshore
Wind Farms (HEMOW) is endorsed by 5 institutions, 2 EU partners and research groups
in China and India to develop a joint networking and advanced research program based
on emerging technologies that will strengthen the research partnership between the
partners in the area of non-destructive evaluation, structural health monitoring,
systematic approach for condition monitoring and condition based maintenance in the
field of renewable energy, which is of growing importance worldwide.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms is held as a
part of the exchange activities supported by HEMOW which is the second one following
the one held in 2011 in Newcastle University. The workshop is jointly organized by
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics in China and Newcastle University
in UK which aims at providing a high level forum for the exchange of ideas across
disciplines and the encouragement of multidisciplinary research collaboration in the
growing domain of health monitoring of mechanical systems including but not limited to
offshore wind farms. All the participants who have been invited to this workshop are
world-wide famous experts from China Mainland, China Hong Kong, UK, Germany,
USA and Korea. This workshop is also sponsored by National Nature Science
Foundation of China and the State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of
Mechanical Structures in Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
2
Organizers
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China (NUAA)
Newcastle University, UK (UNEW)
Chairperson
Prof. Shenfang Yuan, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China
Prof. Shenfang Yuan, Changjiang Chair professor of the State Key
Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures,
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics(NUAA). She
received her Ph.D. from NUAA in 1996. Prof. Yuan’s main research
interests include structural health monitoring, smart structures, sensor
and measurement technology, wireless sensor network, signal
processing methods and experimental mechanics. She has authored 2
books and over 200 journal papers. She holds 35 Chinese invention
patents. She is the PI of a number of import projects, including China National Funds for
Distinguished Young Scientists, Key Project from National Science Foundation of China,
Key Program of National Basic Research Program of China and National High
Technology research program. She is the winner of the Special Support Program for
National High Level Leading Talents of China (2013), China National Funds for
Distinguished Young Scientists from NSFC (2012), Distinguished Young Scientist Award
from China Aviation Society (2011).
Prof. Guiyun Tian, Newcastle University, UK
Prof. Guiyun Tian, Chair Professor in Sensor Technologies,
Newcastle University, UK. Currently, he is also with School of
Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and
Technology of China. He received his Ph.D. degree from the
University of Derby, Derby, UK, in 1998. His current research
interests include non-destructive testing and evaluation, structural
health monitoring, sensors and wireless sensor network. More than
200 papers have been published in international journals such as Applied Physics Letters,
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on Sensors, and cited by
counterparts for more than 2000 times. He has hosted more than 10 projects funded by
the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, The Royal Society and The
Royal Academy of Engineering, and performed long-term cooperation with world
famous companies and institutions such as Airbus, Rolls-Royce, Kohler Group, Fuji
Xerox and TIWI.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
3
Organization committee
Prof. Shenfang Yuan, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China
Prof. Guiyun Tian, Newcastle University, UK
Prof. Ke Xiong, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China
Prof. Haitao Wang, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China
Dr. Qiang Wang, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China
Dr. Lei Qiu, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China
Dr. Ruipeng Guo, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
4
WELCOME WORDS FROM THE STATE KEY LAB
The State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures
(SKLMCMS) in NUAA was found in 2011 which was approved by Ministry of Science
and Technology of China.
SKLMCMS carries out the pioneer research on structural dynamics and control,
smart materials and structures, PZT based precision driving, Nano mechanics and
structure strength analysis. The State Key Lab represents the highest research level in
these areas in China and is one of the most important bases for knowledge and technique
innovation, personnel training and international academic exchange.
Totally, there are 52 full time faculty members in SKLMCMS, including 38 full
professors, 15 associate and assistant professors. Among them, there are 2 Academicians
of Chinese Academy of Science and 1 Academician of Academy of Science for the
Developing World. 1 Professor enters the “Recruitment Program of Global Experts”. 4
hold the Changjiang Chair Professor positions. 4 have won the National Science Fund for
Distinguished Young Scholars. 4 research teams have been awarded as national or
provincial innovation research teams.
In recent 5 years, SKLMCMS has totally received research funds of more than 210
million RMB, won 3 National Technology Invention Awards, published 15 monographs
and books and over 900 international peer-reviewed papers. Many important applications
in aerospace engineering have also been achieved.
In education aspects, nearly 300 Ph.D. students and undergraduate students study
annually in the State Key Lab. Till now, 4 Ph.D. dissertations have been awarded the
National Excellent Doctoral Degree Dissertations and additional 4 wins the Nominated
Award of the National Excellent Doctoral Degree Dissertations.
The State Key Lab also encourages international exchange. Every year, numerous of
faculties and students in the Lab are sponsored to visit abroad, and international scholars
and students are invited to visit the Lab. 2 foreign experts who are closely collaborated
with the Lab have won the National Friend Awards in China.
The Stake Key Lab is glad to sponsor this high level international workshop and
hopes this will be a good beginning of much new significant international cooperation.
Wish a successful Workshop!
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
5
SCHEDULE
8:40 – 11:55, Sept. 26th
, 2014
Room 506, A9 Building
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Chair: Prof. Shenfang Yuan 8:40 – 9:00 Opening Ceremony
Welcome Speech
Prof. Ke Xiong (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China)
HEMOW Background Introduction
Prof. Guiyun Tian (Newcastle University, UK)
Chair: Prof. Gerd Dobmann and Prof. Fulei Chu
9:00 – 9:20 Model-based Fatigue-Life Monitoring of Structures
B. F. Spencer (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA)
9:20 – 9:40 Integral Utilization of Multi-types of Structural Vibration Signals for Damage
Identification Based on the “Weak” Formulation of Pseudo-Excitation (PE)
Technique: Virtual Vibration Deflection (VVD)
Li Cheng (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)
9:40 – 10:00 Planetary Gearbox Diagnosis Based on an Improved Fast Kurtogram Method
Jing Lin (Xi’an Jiaotong University, China)
10:00 – 10:20 Particle Filter Based Structural Crack Propagation Prognosis
Shenfang Yuan (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China)
10:20 – 10:35 Coffee/Tea Break
Chair: Prof. Li Cheng and Prof. Jing Lin
10:35 - 10:55 Fault Diagnostics of the Planetary Gear System of Wind Turbine
Fulei Chu (Tsinghua University, China)
10:55 – 11:15 Health Monitoring of Wind Turbine Rotor Blades
Ulrich Gabbert (University of Magdeburg, Germany)
11:15 – 11:35 Numerical Simulation and Applications of Lamb Waves in On-line Monitoring
and Off-line Evaluation Techniques
Ning Hu (Chongqing University, China)
11:35 – 11:55 Wind Turbine Gearbox Fault Diagnosis Using Single Channel Stationary
Subspace Analysis
Ruqiang Yan (Southeast University, China)
12:00 - 13:30 Lunch
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
6
13:30 – 17:30, Sept. 26th
, 2014
Room 506, A9 Building
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Chair: Prof. Ziqiang Lang and Prof. Ning Hu
13:30 – 13:50 Smart Sensing in the Light of Non-Destructive Testing and Structural Health
Monitoring
Gerd Dobmann (Saar-University, Germany)
13:50 – 14:10 Monitoring of Wind Farms And Case Studies
Guiyun Tian (Newcastle University, UK)
14:10 – 14:30 Damage Identification Using Guided Waves: from Linear to Nonlinear, from
Macroscopic to Mesoscopic, from Distributed to Dispersed Sensing
Zhongqing Su (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)
14:30 – 14:50 Challenges for Condition Monitoring of Transmission Systems
Jishan Zhang (Newcastle University, UK)
14:50 – 15:10 A New Physical Concept of Multiscale Shear-Strain Gradient for Identifying
Delamination in Composite Structures in Noisy Conditions
Maosen Cao (Hohai university, China)
15:10 - 15:30 Photo
15:30 – 15: 45 Coffee/Tea Break
Chair: Prof. B. F. Spencer and Prof. Maosen Cao
15:45 – 16:05 Loading Independent Wind Turbine Condition Monitoring: A Baseline Model
Approach
Ziqiang Lang (Sheffield University, UK)
16:05 – 16:25 Wind Turbine Blade Monitoring Using Noncontact Sensing Techniques
H. Sohn (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Korea)
16:25 – 16:45 Key Mechanical Issues of Large Scale Wind Turbines - A Project Funded by the
National Basic Research Program
Tongguang Wang (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China)
16:45 – 17:05 Condition Monitoring for Reliable and Predicable Operation of Wind Turbines
Xiandong Ma (Lancaster University, UK)
17:05 - 17:25 Mode-Adaptive Decentralized Control for Renewable DC Microgrid with
Enhanced Reliability and Flexibility
Wuhua Li (Zhejiang University, China)
17:25 – 17:30 Concluding Remarks
18:00 – 19:30 Banquet
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
7
PARTICIPANTS (List in order of speaking)
Prof. Ke Xiong is now the Assistant to President of Nanjing University of
Aeronautics and Astronautics and the Director of State Key Laboratory of
Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Systems. He received his Ph.D.
degrees from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China, in
1997. He is a council member of Chinese Aviation Society and permanent
member of Indian Society for Advancement of Materials and Process
Engineering. His main research interest is smart materials and structural
systems, including development of actuator and adaptive structural
technologies, shape memory alloy, ionic polymer metal composites and devices, structural health
monitoring with Piezoelectric SMART Layer for aerospace applications and ground test of
aircraft structure strength applied electro-metric techniques and experimental stress-strain
analysis. He is the PI of a number of research projects funded by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (NSFC). He has published one book and over 60 papers. He has also
received 5 important awards, including a National Invention Award and a National Teaching
Award.
Email: [email protected]
Prof. B. F. Spencer, Jr. is the Nathan M. and Anne M. Newmark Endowed
Chair of Civil Engineering at the University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign. He received his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Theoretical
and Applied Mechanics at Illinois in 1983 and 1985, respectively. He is the
author of more than 200 journal papers and has written two books. His
current research interests include structural health monitoring, smart sensors
and wireless sensor networks.
Email: [email protected]
Prof. Li Cheng is a Chair Professor and the Director of Consortium for
Sound and Vibration Research (CSVR) at the Department of Mechanical
Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. His research interests
include noise and vibration control, structural health monitoring, smart
material/structure and fluid-structure interaction. Dr. Cheng published
extensively in his research area, with over 350 publications including
book/book chapters and journal/conference papers. He was elected a fellow
of the Acoustical Society of America, a fellow of the Acoustical Society of
China, IMechE and the Hong Kong Institution of Engineers. Dr. Cheng currently serves as an
Associate Editor for the Journal of Acoustical Society of America, Associate Editor of Structural
Health Monitoring: an International Journal, as well as six other international journals.
Email: [email protected]
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
8
Prof. Jing Lin received his Ph.D. degree in mechanical engineering from
Xi’an Jiaotong University in 1999. From January 2009 to present, he is a
professor with School of Mechanical Engineering of Xi’an Jiaotong
University. He obtained the National Distinguished Youth Foundations of
China in 2011 and was awarded the Natural Science Award of China in
2013. He is the author of more than 50 journal papers. His current research
interests include machinery dynamic analysis, fault diagnosis and structural
health monitoring.
Email: [email protected]
Prof. Shenfang Yuan, Changjiang Chair professor of the State Key
Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing
University of Aeronautics and Astronautics(NUAA). She received her Ph.D.
from NUAA in 1996. Prof. Yuan’s main research interests include structural
health monitoring, smart structures, sensor and measurement technology,
wireless sensor network, signal processing methods and experimental
mechanics. She has authored 2 books and over 200 journal papers. She
holds 35 Chinese invention patents. She is the PI of a number of import
projects, including China National Funds for Distinguished Young
Scientists, Key Project from National Science Foundation of China, Key Program of National
Basic Research Program of China and National High Technology research program. She is the
winner of the Special Support Program for National High Level Leading Talents of China (2013),
China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists from NSFC (2012), Distinguished
Young Scientist Award from China Aviation Society (2011).
Email: [email protected]
Prof. Fulei Chu is a professor in the Department of Mechanical
Engineering at Tsinghua University in Beijing. He received his first degree
in mechanical engineering from Jiangxi University of Science and
Technology, his M.S. is from Tianjin University and his Ph.D. in dynamics
and vibration from Southampton University in UK. He is the author of more
than 200 journal papers and has also authored 3 books and edited 2
conference proceedings. His current research interests include rotating
machinery dynamics, machine condition monitoring and fault detection,
nonlinear vibration and vibration control. He is the winner of China
National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists.
Email: [email protected]
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
9
Prof. U. Gabbert graduated at the University of Magdeburg as Mechanical
Engineer (Dipl.-Ing.). He received the first doctoral degree (Dr.-Ing.) in
mechanics. Then he was working as a design engineer in a pump and
compressor company. Since 1992 he is full University Professor and Head
of the Chair of Computational Mechanics. His research interests are finite
elements, smart structures, active vibration and noise control, structural
health monitoring and medical engineering.
Email: [email protected]
Prof. Ning Hu is a Professor and Dean of College of Aerospace
Engineering, Chongqing University, China. His main research interests
focus on the following several fields: solids mechanics, computational
mechanics, numerical algorithms and simulations of various physical
problems, functional composite materials, structural composite materials,
composite structures, on-line and off-line structural monitoring and
evaluation techniques, etc. To date, he has generated over 170
peer-reviewed journal papers including 110 SCI ones, and around 80
international conference papers.
Email: [email protected]
Prof. Ruqiang Yan is a professor at Southeast University. He received his
Ph.D. degree from the University of Massachusetts Amherst in 2007, and
his M.S. and B.S. degrees from the University of Science and Technology
of China (USTC) in 2002 and 1997, respectively. He is co-author of the
book “Wavelets: Theory and Applications for Manufacturing” and has
published over 100 refereed journal and conference papers. His research
interests include nonlinear time-series analysis, multi-domain signal
processing, and energy-efficient sensing and sensor networks for the condition monitoring and
health diagnosis of large-scale, complex, dynamical systems. Dr. Yan is an associate editor of the
IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. He is a Co-Chair of the Technical
Committee on Signals and Systems in Measurement of the IEEE Instrumentation and
Measurement Society.
Email: [email protected]
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
10
Prof. Dr. Gerd Dobmann is Senior Scientific Consultant and works
together with the Chair of Non-destructive Testing (NDT) and Quality
Assurance of the Saar-University in Saarbrücken, Germany. He received
the Diploma in applied physics in 1974 and the Ph.D. in NDT in 1979,
respectively. He has published more than 300 scientific papers and is
subject editor of the Journal NDT&E International of the Elsevier
Publishing House. His current research interests are in online-monitoring
of materials degradation phenomena.
Email: [email protected]
Prof. Guiyun Tian, Chair Professor in Sensor Technologies, Newcastle
University, UK. Currently, he is also with School of Automation
Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China.
He received his Ph.D. degree from the University of Derby, Derby, UK,
in 1998. His current research interests include non-destructive testing and
evaluation, structural health monitoring, sensors and wireless sensor
network. More than 200 papers have been published in international
journals such as Applied Physics Letters, IEEE Transactions on
Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on Sensors, and cited by counterparts for
more than 2000 times. He has hosted more than 10 projects funded by the UK Engineering and
Physical Sciences Research Council, The Royal Society and The Royal Academy of Engineering,
and performed long-term cooperation with world famous companies and institutions such as
Airbus, Rolls-Royce, Kohler Group, Fuji Xerox and TIWI.
Email: [email protected]
Dr. Zhongqing Su is an associate professor in the Department of
Mechanical Engineering at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, with a
research focus particularly on structural health monitoring (SHM). He
earned his Ph.D. from The University of Sydney, Australia, with a
prestigious Australian government scholarship IPRS. Dr. Su is the
author/co-author of 2 research monographs, 4 edited books and international
conference proceedings, 4 book chapters, and over 160 refereed papers
including approaching 100 SCI journal papers. Dr. Su received the
‘Structural Health Monitoring - Person of the Year (SHM-POY) Award 2012’, one of the highest
accolade and most well-recognized award in this field.
Email: [email protected]
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
11
Dr. Jishan Zhang is a mechanical engineer and researcher with over 20
years of experience in the field of geared transmissions. Dr. Zhang started at
Design Unit of Newcastle University, UK, firstly as a Ph.D. candidate
studying gear fatigue in 2000 and obtained his degree 5 years later. He has
since then been working at Design Unit as a research associate. Dr. Zhang’s
main research areas include gear material, heat treatment, surface
engineering, micropitting, macropitting, scuffing, gear lubrication and
condition monitoring of geared transmissions. He has been involved in many
projects funded by British Gear Association, UK Ministry of Defense (Navy) and consultancy
projects from European industries. Dr. Zhang has been instrumental in developing links for Design
Unit with chinese industry and academia and has recently engaged in setting up gear testing
facilities as well as providing associated training to Chinese engineers.
Email: [email protected]
Prof. Maosen Cao is a professor at Hohai University. He received his Ph.D.
degree in hydraulic structural engineering from Hohai University in 2005
and obtained a Top-100 Excellent Doctoral Dissertation Award in 2008. He
has six years’ experience of conducting research in Hong Kong, the United
States, and Poland, and is the author of more than 50 journal papers.
Current research interests include structural health monitoring, wavelet
analysis, and multiscale dynamic modeling and simulation.
Email: [email protected]
Prof. Ziqiang Lang holds the position of Chair Professor in Complex
Systems Analysis and Design in the Department of Automatic Control and
Systems Engineering at the University of Sheffield, UK. His main research
interests cover the development of theories and methods in system
modeling, analysis, signal processing, and control and the application of
these in a wide range of engineering areas including condition monitoring
and fault diagnosis for wind turbines. He has published more than one
hundred research papers and, as a principal investigator, completed many
research projects including projects supported by UK EPSRC, TSB, Royal Society and
collaborative projects with industrial partners.
Email: [email protected]
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
12
Prof. Hoon Sohn received his B.S. (1992) and M.S. (1994) degrees from
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea and Ph.D. (1999) from Stanford
University, California, USA, all in Civil Engineering. He is now Professor
at KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) in Korea.
Over last twenty years, his research interests include guided waves,
noncontact laser ultrasonics, structural health monitoring, nondestructive
testing, smart materials and sensing, and statistical pattern recognition to
name a few. He has published over 100 refereed journal articles, over 250
conference proceedings, and 10 book & book chapters. He was selected as one of 100 most
promising individuals in Korea in 2012 by Donga Daily Newspaper, which is one of the three
major newspapers in Korea. He was also the recipient of SHM Person-of-Year Award at 2011
International workshop on SHM and 2008 Young Scientists Award in Korea.
Email: [email protected]
Prof. Tongguang Wang is a professor at Nanjing University of
Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA), and the Director of Jiangsu Key
Laboratory for Wind Turbines. He was the Chief Scientist, designated by
the Ministry of Science and Technology, for the project “Fundamental
Study of Large Size Wind Turbine Aerodynamics” funded by a Chinese
government strategic basic research program – the National Basic Research
Program of China (known as 973 Program in China). As the Chief Scientist
again, he is now leading a Chinese team of 30 doing the 973 project “Key
Mechanical Issues and Design of Large Scale Wind Turbines”.
Email: [email protected]
Dr. Xiandong Ma is a Senior Lecturer in the Engineering Department at
Lancaster University, UK. He received his Ph.D. in high-voltage power
plant condition monitoring from Glasgow Caledonian University, UK in
2003. His employment experience included Nanjing Automation Research
Institute as a Senior Research Engineer, Lancaster University and then The
University of Manchester as a Postdoctoral Research Associate, and
ALSTOM Power Ltd. UK as a Generator Condition Monitoring Engineer
before returning to Lancaster in 2008. His current research interests include
intelligent condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of distributed generation systems with wind
turbines, advanced signal processing and data mining, and electromagnetic NDT testing and
imaging. Dr. Ma has published over 80 refereed journal and international conference papers.
Email: [email protected]
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
13
Prof. Wuhua Li received the B.Sc. and Ph.D. degree in Applied Power
Electronics and Electrical Engineering from Zhejiang University,
Hangzhou, China, in 2002 and 2008, respectively. From 2004 to 2005, he
was a Research Intern, and from 2007 to 2008, a Research Assistant in GE
GRC. In 2010, he was promoted as an Associate Professor. Since 2013, he
has been a Full Professor in the College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang
University. From 2010 to 2011, he was a Ryerson University Postdoctoral
Fellow at Ryerson University, Canada. His research interests include
advanced power electronics and renewable energy interfaces. Dr. Li has published more than 100
peer-reviewed technical papers and holds over 30 issued/pending patents.
Email: [email protected]
Prof. Xiangning He received the B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees from Nanjing
University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA), Nanjing, China, in
1982 and 1985, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree from Zhejiang University,
Hangzhou, China, in 1989. Since 1996, he has been a Full Professor in the
College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University. He is currently the
Vice Dean of the College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University.
His research interests are power electronics and their industrial applications.
He is the author or co-author of more than 200 papers and one book
“Theory and Applications of Multi-level Converters”. He holds 12 patents. He is a Fellow of the
Institution of Engineering and Technology (formerly IEE), UK.
Email: [email protected]
Prof. Zhanqun Shi is a professor at Hebei University of Technology. He
received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from
Hebei University of Technology in 1984 and 1987, respectively, and his
Ph.D. degree in Diagnostic Engineering from Manchester University in
2004. He is the author of more than 80 academic publications. His current
research interests include turbocharger health monitoring, wind turbine
condition and model-based condition monitoring for mechatronic control
systems. He is the dean of Institute of Science and Technology at
Hebei University of Technology.
Email: [email protected]
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
14
Prof. Haitao Wang is a professor of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and
Astronautics. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Biomedical
Engineering and Instrument from Xi'an Jiaotong University in 1991 and
1994, respectively, and his PhD degree in Astronomical Physics from
Chinese Academy of Science in 2002. He is the author of more than 80
journal papers. His current research interests include photoelectric detection,
NDT new technologies.
Email: [email protected]
Dr. Qiang Wang is an associate professor of Nanjing University of Posts
and Telecommunications. He received his B.S. from Yanshan University, in
2002, and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Nanjing University of Aeronautics
and Astronautics(NUAA), in 2005 and 2009, respectively. From 2011 to
2012, he was a Research Fellow with the Department of Mechanical
Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. He has published
over 30 refereed journal papers including over 10 SCI journal papers. His
research interests include Lamb wave based structural health monitoring,
smart materials and structures, advanced sensor technology and signal processing.
Email: [email protected]
Dr. Lei Qiu is an associate professor at Nanjing University of Aeronautics
and Astronautics (NUAA). He received his B.S. degree in Flight Vehicle
Design and Engineering from NUAA in 2006, and his Ph.D. degree in Test
and Measurement Technology from NUAA in 2012. He has published more
than 70 peer-reviewed journal papers and 13 international conference
papers. He has also been authorized 20 Chinese patents and 7 software
copyrights. His current research interests include structural prognosis and
health management, structural health monitoring, signal processing, smart
sensor and system integration.
Email: [email protected]
Dr. Ruipeng Guo is a lecturer in College of Automation Engineering at
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics(NUAA). She received
her Ph.D. degree in Instrumentation Science and Technology from Shanghai
Jiaotong University in 2011. From Nov. 2013 to Feb. 2014, she was a
visiting researcher in the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at
Newcastle University, UK. She is the author of more than 20 journal papers.
Her current research interests include in process measurement theory and
technology, photoelectric detection, and non-destructive testing.
Email: [email protected]
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
15
PRESENTATION ABSTRACTS
(List in order of speaking)
Model-based Fatigue-Life Monitoring of Structures
B. F. Spencer, Jr.1, a and Hongki Jo2, b
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
Urbana, USA
2Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
[email protected], [email protected]
Abstract: The inspection and maintenance of structures of all types is critical to the
safety of the public and often critical to the economy of a region. Fatigue is among one
of the most critical damage mechanisms in steel structures. Fatigue is not readily
observable, particularly during the period of crack initiation, which typically
corresponds to up to 90% of the fatigue life. Fatigue is considered in the design stage
using modern provisions and, if the critical locations are known a priori, can be
monitored by direct strain measurement and visual inspection. However, for today’s
complex civil infrastructure, including wind turbines, the critical locations are numerous
and often difficult to identify. This paper presents an innovative framework for fatigue
assessment at arbitrary locations on the structure combining computational models and
limited physical sensor information. The use of multi-metric measurements is
advocated to improve the accuracy of the approach. A numerical example is provided to
illustrate the proposed fatigue assessment framework.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
16
Integral Utilization of Multi-types of Structural Vibration Signals for
Damage Identification Based on the “Weak” Formulation of
Pseudo-Excitation (PE) Technique: Virtual Vibration Deflection (VVD)
Li Cheng1, 2, a, Zhongqing Su1, 2, b and Hao Xu1, c
1The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
2The Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract: A damage identification method relying on the integral utilization of multiple
types of structural vibration signals was developed in this study. The principle of the
method was established based on a “weak” formulation of the recently developed
Pseudo-Excitation (PE) technique. The “weak” formulation is capable of integrating
derivatives of structural vibration deflections, of different orders, in its various
expanded expressions, and these derivatives are directly linked with different types of
vibration signals which can be measured experimentally, such as vibration
displacements, angles of rotations and dynamic strains, etc. As a representative
application, densely measured vibration displacements and sparsely measured dynamic
strains were integrated through the method defined as virtual vibration defection
(VVD), aimed at detecting small damage in beam-like structure. Numerical study was
firstly conducted and an experiment was carried out subsequently to identify
multi-cracks in an aluminum beam-like structure. It was shown that at the cost of
additional measurements of dynamic strains at several points along the inspected
structure, prominently enhanced noise immunity and detection accuracy have been
gained by VVD, compared with the detection results constructed based on the original
formulation of PE technique using purely of vibration displacement measurement.
(Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China for a research grant, Grant
No.: 11272272)
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
17
Planetary Gearbox Diagnosis Based on an Improved Fast Kurtogram
Method
Jing Lin1, a, Xiaoqiang Xu2, b and Ming Zhao2, c
1State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an,
China
2School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract: Planetary gearbox is a key part in a wind turbine. Vibration and acoustic
measurement are widely used for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis for planetary
gearboxes. However, diagnosis for planetary still remains difficult due to the complex
modulation of gear mesh, planetary gear orbital rotation and transmission path
function. Moreover, signals are easily contaminated by extraneous impacts in practice.
Fast kurtogram method based on spectral kurtosis (SK) has been proved an efficient tool
for extracting fault impulses in the diagnosis of rolling element bearings (REB) and
gearboxes. Although the optimal narrowband indicated by fast kurtogram is accurate
and effective for the simulated or experimental signals, one serious drawback of fast
kurtogram is that it is very sensitive to large random impacts which are frequently
encountered in industrial applications. It is shown in this paper that the narrowband
with maximum kurtosis is always associated with large interferential impacts, rather
than the real fault. An improved fast kurtogram method is proposed to avoid this
limitation, which takes the periodicity of envelope of filtered signals into consideration
and sets harmonic to noise ratio (HNR) as the parameter to estimate periodicity of
signal. The novel method computes the HNR of envelope of filtered signals before
computing their kurtosis. By integrating HNR into fast kurtogram, the interference
coming from aperiodic components can be avoided effectively. In the experiment, a
planetary gear with chip fault is used to test the effectiveness of the novel method. The
result shows that the novel method for fault detection is robust to the interference
from random impulses and is especially suitable for the signal processing of acoustic
signal which is inevitably affected by environmental noise in industrial applications.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
18
Particle Filter Based Structural Crack Propagation Prognosis
Shenfang Yuan1, a, Weibo Yang1, Jian Chen1, Lei Qiu1, b, Hanfei Mei1
1The State Key Lab of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of
Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China.
[email protected], [email protected]
Abstract: Crack propagation prognosis is one of the key technologies in the area of
engineering structural failure prognosis and health management. This presentation
proposes a particle filter method combined with the Lamb wave based structural health
monitoring method for fatigue crack propagation prognosis. Paris rule is adopted as the
damage evolution state model. The measurement model is obtained using damage
index extracted from active Lamb wave approach. The crack length is predicted
efficiently using particle filter technique. Experiments are performed to verify the
effective of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the error of crack
length predicted after 20000 load cycles is less than 2%. Further researches on this
method are also discussed in this presentation.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
19
Fault Diagnostics of the Planetary Gear System of Wind Turbine
Fulei Chu1, a, Yong Gui1, b and Qinkai Han1, c
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract: The planetary gearbox is a fault-prone component of the drivetrains in large
wind turbines. Gear faults could lead to severe accidents to the whole wind turbine
system if detected not promptly. Thus, in this presentation, a dynamic model is built to
obtain the vibration responses of a planetary gear system with tooth faults and
with/without time-varying speeds. These signals are analyzed by different methods and
the fault characteristics of the system are obtained. The simulation results are verified
by the dynamic experiments of a planetary gear-box test rig.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
20
Health Monitoring of Wind Turbine Rotor Blades
U. Gabbert1, a, S. Duczek1,b
1Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
[email protected], [email protected]
Abstract: At first an overview of monitoring technologies for wind turbines in Germany
is presented, where a special focus is on rotor blade inspections. In the second part
ultrasonic wave based methods are discussed from an experimental as well as a
computational point of view. The measurements are performed with help of a laser
scanning vibrometer. For the numerical analysis special higher order finite elements as
well as finite cell methods are presented and applied. These new methods, recently
developed by the authors, have great advantageous for ultrasonic wave based damage
detection and design purposes.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
21
Numerical Simulation and Applications of Lamb Waves in On-line
Monitoring and Off-line Evaluation Techniques
Ning Hu1, a and Yaolu Liu2, b
1College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, China
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chiba University, Japan
[email protected], [email protected]
Abstract: In this work, first, we describe some new numerical methods to effectively
simulate the Lamb wave propagation in plate or shell like structures. The interaction of
Lamb waves with various damages in structures has been studied in detail, and the
provided data are very helpful for the application of Lamb waves in on-line structural
health monitoring and off-line non-destructive evaluation. Second, we report our
several works on the on-line structural health monitoring using PZT sensor/actuator
network. These techniques which can monitor the damage position and size will be
explained in detail. Some of them employ the knowledge obtained from the previous
numerical studies about the interaction between Lamb waves and various damages.
Third, we describe two off-line techniques for non-destructive evaluation of materials
and structural components. One is a visualization technique of wave propagation, which
can remarkably enhance the reliability of non-destructive evaluations. Furthermore, a
concept of “wave energy flow” is proposed to be integrated into the wave propagation
visualization technique to evaluate the damage shape and damage size. The second
technique is a Lamb wave based scanning method, which can evaluate various damages
quickly with very small amount of scanning data.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
22
Wind Turbine Gearbox Fault Diagnosis Using Single Channel Stationary
Subspace Analysis
Ruqiang Yan1, a and Yuning Qian1, b
1School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
[email protected], [email protected]
Abstract: This paper presents a new signal decomposition approach, based on
continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and stationary subspace analysis (SSA), for wind
turbine gearbox fault diagnosis. The SSA is a blind source separation technique that can
extract stationary and non-stationary source components from multi-dimensional
signals without the need for independency and prior information of the source signals.
Multi-scale analysis ability inherent in CWT allows for decomposing one dimensional
signal into multi-dimensional signals, which can be naturally used as inputs to SSA to
obtain the stationary parts and non-stationary parts of the original signal. Subsequently,
the selected non-stationary component is analyzed by the envelope spectrum to
identify potential fault-related characteristic frequency. Experimental studies from a
real wind turbine gearbox test have verified the effectiveness of the presented method.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
23
Smart Sensing in the Light of Non-Destructive Testing and Structural
Health Monitoring
Gerd Dobmann1, a, Christian Boller1, b
1Chair of NDT and Quality Assurance, Saar-University, Saarbrücken, Germany
Abstract: Non-destructive testing (NDT) is around as a discipline for more than half of a
century now. It has become a means to qualify materials and structures as well as to
assess those structures along their operational life through application of physical
principles and realized through specific sensors and sensor signal processing algorithms
which lead to visualization of a material’s and structure’s condition in a way that this
may be seen at even microscopic scale and 3D. Different of those physical principles are
applied where acoustics and electromagnetics play a very significant role. NDT is
specifically performed at damage critical locations and at defined intervals in time
mainly through a hand held but possibly also an automated inspection process.
However those locations to be inspected are quite hidden or generally difficult to access
and may therefore lead to a time and hence cost consuming process. A means to
alleviate those disadvantages has emerged with advanced sensor and materials
technologies which allow sensors, or better sensor systems, to be adapted or generally
integrated onto or into a structural component allowing NDT to become an integral part
of the component. This is what is considered today to be structural health monitoring
(SHM). Many of the SHM systems can therefore be seen as derivatives of NDT
technology developed in a classical way.
The presentation will make reference to a variety of vibrations and elastic waves based
principles used such as classical modal analysis, acoustic emission, phased array
ultrasonics and guided waves as well as electromagnetic principles considering
electromagnetic impedance, permeability, Barkhausen noise and higher harmonics
analysis including advanced sensor signal processing. Applications will include metallic
as well as composite structures. A major emphasis will be placed on damage tolerance
principles and what rewards those could provide in terms of life cycle management
when implementing an SHM system.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
24
Monitoring of Wind Farms and Case Studies
Guiyun Tian1, a
1 School of Electronic Science and Technology, Newcastle University, UK
Abstract: This talk reviews condition and structural health monitoring of wind farms,
offshore in particular. Research challenges and opportunities are identified. Based on
previous work of non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT & E), structural health
monitoring (SHM), recent research progress on inspection and monitoring of turbine
blades, gear fatigues, generators and corrosion are reported and discussed. Through the
investigation of case studies, merits of proposed research have been evaluated. Future
work of electromagnetic sensing and imaging for life cycle assessment and precursors
for wind farms is derived and discussed. Potential follow-up activities of HEMOW are
also outlined.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
25
Damage Identification Using Guided Waves: from Linear to Nonlinear,
from Macroscopic to Mesoscopic, from Distributed to Dispersed Sensing
Zhongqing Su1, a
1The Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
SAR, China
Abstract: Current structural health monitoring (SHM) techniques making use of guided
waves are confronted by a few of inherent bottlenecks including particularly the
restricted information that conventional linear signal features can convey, the
inefficiency in detecting small-scale damage (e.g., fatigue cracks), and the dilemma in
striking a compromise between “sensing cost” and “sensing effectiveness”. All these
have created a vast barrier towards the real-world applications of SHM techniques
developed in laboratories. Motivated by such recognition, this talk summarizes the
efforts dedicated by the research team led by the author over the years, with a hope to
circumvent these bottlenecks, partially if not completely.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
26
Challenges for Condition Monitoring of Transmission Systems
Jishan Zhang1, a, Brian Shaw1, b and Robert Lambert1, c
1Design Unit, School of Mechanical and Systems Engineering, Newcastle University, UK
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract: An overview of condition monitoring research and development work that
Design Unit has been undertaking over recent few years will be presented. The research
is driven by a need to assure the integrity of running transmission systems and to give
early warning of developing issues that could lead to catastrophic failure thus allowing
early intervention limiting ultimate damage and associated cost and downtime (e.g. for
off-shore wind turbine applications). The experimental results presented are mainly
from gear testing performed under controlled conditions where failure modes were
able to be closely monitored with conventional inspection methods and correlated with
applied condition monitoring approaches. The main techniques investigated include the
monitoring of vibration, acoustic emission, oil debris sensing, gear micropitting, gear
macropitting, gear scuffing, and efficiency of the gear transmission. Challenges
associated with above-mentioned techniques will be highlighted. A brief description will
also be given of a newly developed wind turbine planet bearing test rig that is now
being used to investigate how condition monitoring can be applied to this application.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
27
A New Physical Concept of Multiscale Shear-Strain Gradient for
Identifying Delamination in Composite Structures in Noisy Conditions
Maosen Cao1, a, W. Ostachowicz2, b, M. Radzienski2, c and Wei Xu1, d
1Department of Engineering Mechanics, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
2Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdansk, Poland
[email protected], [email protected],[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract: Delamination is a typical failure mode in composite laminates. To detect
delamination, a new physical concept of a multiscale shear-strain gradient (MSG) is
formulated from a vibrational modeshape of a Kirchhoff plate. The features of the MSG
can be described as follows: (1) It characterizes delamination with an explicit physical
implication and strong robustness to noise, superior to most existing methods that rely
solely on signal processing; (2) It is related only to the shear strain and not to the elastic
and geometrical parameters or a physical model of the laminate being inspected, and is
therefore well suited to the identification of delamination in any thin-plate structure;
and (3) It defies the traditional understanding that vibrational features are not effective
for locating delamination in composite structures. Experimental results for the diagnosis
of delaminations induced by thermal effect show the high accuracy and reliability of the
MSG in localizing slight delamination.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
28
Loading Independent Wind Turbine Condition Monitoring: A Baseline
Model Approach
Ziqiang Lang1, a
1 Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield,
UK
Abstract: Traditionally, wind turbine condition monitoring (CM) is conducted via fitting
sensors inside wind turbines and analyzing features of sensor signals using appropriate
signal processing techniques to examine wind turbines’ operating conditions and health
status. However, the signal only based CM often cannot distinguish the changes in
sensor signals due to different loading conditions such as, e.g., different wind speeds
and turbine power outputs etc, from the changes induced by faults or damage in wind
turbine components or systems. In order to resolve this problem, a baseline model
approach is developed in the present study. The basic idea is to build a baseline model
representing the relationship between the features of sensor signals and wind speed
and turbine power output etc turbine loading condition dependent parameters. Then, a
tolerance range of the signal feature's deviation from what is evaluated by the baseline
model is determined. Moreover, the CM of wind turbine is implemented by examining
whether the deviation of the observed signal feature from what is predicted by the
baseline model is within this tolerance range or not, so as to determine the turbine
system or component’s working conditions with the effects of some significant loading
conditions being taken into account. The application of this approach to the analysis of
field data collected over three different months from an operating wind turbine has
been studied. The results verify the effectiveness and demonstrate the potential
significance of the new technique in practical engineering applications.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
29
Wind Turbine Blade Monitoring Using Noncontact Sensing Techniques
Hoon Sohn1, a, Byeong Jin Park1, b, Peipei Liu1, c
1Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract: Wind energy is emerging as one of clean energy sources for 21st century, and
there are a large number of wind turbine systems already in operation or under
construction. Current research on wind turbine systems focus on design and fabrication,
but it is expected that monitoring and maintenance will soon become an important
issue. In response to these expected demands for monitoring, there are a large number
of ongoing researches for developing monitoring systems for wind turbine systems.
When it comes to wind blades, the majority of the current researches propose
installation of discrete sensors such as accelerometers or fiber optic sensors inside the
blades. However, because of the rotation nature of the blades, it becomes a daunting
task to install and wire all these sensors through the blades and get signals out. In this
study, we take a rather different approach. We intend to detect incipient micro cracks
and millimeter range delamination using noncontact sensing techniques such as laser
ultrasonics and laser lock-in thermography. Preliminary test results performed on actual
10kW wind turbine blades will be presented.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
30
Key Mechanical Issues of Large Scale Wind Turbines - A Project Funded by
the National Basic Research Program
Tongguang Wang1, a
1Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
Abstract: A very brief introduction is given in this report to the project “Key Mechanical
Issues of Large Scale Wind Turbines” funded by the National Basic Research Program. To
meet the national strategic requirements in wind energy, this project focuses on the
following three key issues in large scale wind turbine mechanics: (1) wind turbine 3D
rotational aerodynamics in complicated circumstances, (2) wind turbine aeroelasticity
and hydrodynamics and their coupling effects in complicated circumstances, and (3)
wind turbine support and foundation structural dynamics in complicated offshore
circumstances. Six workpackages are included in this project: (1) Study of Unsteady
Aerodynamic Mechanism and High-Accuracy Numerical Simulation for Wind Turbine; (2)
Study of the Aeroelastic Mechanism and Structural Dynamics of Nonlinear Large
Deformation of Wind Turbine; (3) Study of Offshore Floating Wind Turbine Dynamics
under Wind, Ocean Wave, and Ocean Current; (4) Study of Dynamics and Safety for
Bottom-Fixed Offshore Wind Turbine Foundation; (5) Experimental Study of Wind
Turbine Flow Structure and Aerodynamics-Hydrodynamics-Structure Coupling; (6) Study
of Comprehensive Mechanical Analysis and Integrated Optimization of
High-Performance Wind Turbine.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
31
Condition Monitoring for Reliable and Predicable Operation of Wind
Turbines
Xiandong Ma1, a
1Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YR, UK
Abstract: Condition monitoring in this context is taken to mean the use of advanced
technologies in order to determine the condition of wind turbines, and to analyse,
diagnose and predict potential failures. Monitoring and diagnostics of wind turbines and
their subsystems will play an increasing role in their competitive operation.
Consolidated knowledge about their past and current conditions can be used to
improve performance, efficiency, reliability and availability, thus enabling the optimal
scheduling of maintenance activities and minimizing the risk of costly unexpected
failure of the turbines during their service life. However, measurement signals are often
non-stationary, stochastic and even more complex in a harsh environment like offshore
wind farms. In real terms, the measured signals when a fault is developing are usually
small in magnitude but may indicate the start of a significant failure. Furthermore, there
are large volumes of data that need to be processed and transmitted for further
analysis, especially for continuous online monitoring. Minimising the number of sensors
whilst still maintaining a sufficient number to assess the system’s conditions is a critical
concern for condition monitoring. This talk will describe the journey in the development
of smart condition monitoring techniques and the associated instruments to address
the above challenges at Lancaster University, UK.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
32
Mode-Adaptive Decentralized Control for Renewable DC Microgrid with
Enhanced Reliability and Flexibility
Wuhua Li1, a, Yunjie Gu1 and Xiangning He1, b
1College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
[email protected] and [email protected]
Abstract: The microgrid provides a new paradigm for the power generation and delivery,
and is taken as a promising building block for the future smart power system. The
dc-based power systems driven by power electronic converters are envisaged as an
enabling technology for the microgrid concept. A mode-adaptive decentralized control
strategy is proposed for the power management of a dc microgrid with multiple
renewable distributed generators and energy storage systems. In the presented solution,
the dc bus voltage signal is used not only to enable power sharing among different
sources, but also to designate microgrid operation modes and facilitate seamless mode
transitions. With this mode-adaptive operation mechanism, a greater control freedom
can be achieved than the conventional dc voltage droop control scheme. More
importantly, this approach features fully self-disciplined regulation of distributed
converters without an extra control center or communication link. Therefore, both
reliability and flexibility can be enhanced. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed
technique is verified experimentally based on a composite dc microgrid test system.
International Workshop on Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Farms Sept. 26
th, 2014, Nanjing, China
33
MAP AND CONTACT INFORMATION
Contact
Qiang Wang
Telephone: +86 189 5204 6906, Email: [email protected]
Ruipeng Guo
Telephone: +86 139 5168 9056, Email: [email protected]
Shenfang Yuan
Telephone: +86 25 84893460, Email: [email protected]
Seminar venue
Room 506, A9 Building, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Nanjing, China
NUAA Campus
Grand Metropark Hotel Nanjing
Zhongshan East Road
Yudao Street
A18 Building
Room 506, A9 Building
West Gate
North Gate