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© 2005 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved.
Section 5: Advanced Operations
Troubleshooting and Maintenance Scripting for Exchange Server 2003
Administrators Advanced Data Recovery Archiving Enhanced Mobility
Ultimate Exchange Server 2003:Heighten Security, Consolidation, and Availability
© 2005 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved.
Section Objectives
After completing this section, you will be able to: Troubleshoot Microsoft Exchange servers Troubleshoot Microsoft Exchange clients List Exchange Server 2003 tools for troubleshooting Run the Microsoft Best Practice Analyzer for Exchange Server
2003 Connect to Microsoft Outlook Mobile Access Define the requirements for Microsoft ActiveSync Describe the Exchange Management Pack for Microsoft
Operations Monitor Explain Microsoft Windows Management Instrumentation and
ADSI Use scripts to administer Exchange Server 2003 Name the components that can be customized for Microsoft
Outlook Web Access
Knowledge Guide
5-2
© 2005 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved.
Troubleshooting and Maintenance
Troubleshooting and maintenance should be methodical processes.
Maintenance is the first step in troubleshooting. Administrators’ value to organizations is often
measured in their knowledge or expertise with solving problems.
5-3
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Troubleshooting Method
1. Identify the problem.
2. Perform a diagnosis.
3. Develop and implement the solution.
4. Verify that the solution worked.
5. Document the solution.
5-4
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Network Connectivity (TCP/IP Basics) 5-5
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Exchange Servers
Two categories of Exchange problems are: Performance problems Mail flow problems
5-7
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Process
Performance Problems 5-7
Processor
Memory
Disk
Network interface card
© 2005 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mail Flow Problems 5-13
Information store (store.exe, exsmtp.dll)
EXIPC (exipc.dll)
Local queue
Destinationqueue
Router: Linkstate or DNS
Active Directory
NTFS(ntfsdr.dll)
EXIFS(exifs.sys)
Advanced queuing (aquue.dll)
SMTP (smtpsvc.dll)
IIS (inetinfo.exe)
Routing/Queuing
Catagorizor (cat.dll)
© 2005 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved.
Message-Handling Components 5-14
Component Description
aquue.dll Advanced Queuing Engine manages the queues used by SMTP.
cat.dllMessage Categorizer expands distribution lists and address resolution for every recipient of a message.
drviis.dll EXIPC Store driver.
exipc.dllAn instance of this dll exists in IIS and the Store processes. It is used to create a shared memory heap for circular queue communications between SMTPsvc.dll and the Exsmtp.dll (front-end/back-end).
exsmtp.dll Protocol stub on the information store for SMTP.
inetinfo.exe Parent process for all IIS services which includes SMTPSVC.
ntfsdrv.dll NTFS Store driver.
phatcat.dll Pre-categorizer and post categorizer.
store.exe Parent process for the Exchange ESE.
© 2005 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved.
Troubleshooting Queues
Message pending submissionsMessages awaiting directory lookupMessages waiting to be routedLocal deliveryMessages with an unreachable destinationMessages queued for deferred deliveryDSN messages pending submissionFailed message retry
5-15
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System Queue and Description 5-16
System Queue Description
DSN messages pending submission
This is where NDRs wait to be submitted to SMTP.
Failed message retry queue
Messages in this queue failed to be submitted to their destination queue. Corrupted messages can also end up in this queue.
Local delivery Messages in this queue are waiting to be submitted to the information store. A high number of messages in this queue could indicate storage subsystem problems. Check your disk storage for hardware-related problems.
Messages pending submissions
These are messages that have been accepted by SMTPSVC but have not been processed. If this queue fills up, make sure that the SMTPSVC is not competing for resources with another process, such as antivirus software or other high CPU processes.
Messages awaiting directory lookup
ImailMsg items wait in this queue while the categorizer is running. If this is filling up, then it is likely that address resolution is failing. Make sure your Global Catalog servers are available and the DNS has the correct SRV records registered.
Messages queued for deferred delivery
Older versions of Outlook use this queue when a user marks a message for deferred delivery. It can also be used as a holding area for messages that are looping due to improper SMTP configurations.
Messages waiting to be routed
Messages wait in this queue while the router determines the best route for the message. If this backs up, the router may be too busy calculating delivery restrictions.
Messages with an unreachable destination
Messages in this queue are not able to be delivered to the destination. Either the route cannot be determined, or no connectors are currently available to route over. This could be a DNS or link state problem.
© 2005 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mailboxes
USER on DATE, TIMEThe message reached the recipient’s e-mail system, but delivery was refused. Attempt to resend the message. If it still fails, contact your system administrator.SERVER FQDN #5.2.1
5-17
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Public Folders 5-19
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Outlook Clients 5-21
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Outlook Express
No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it.The server could not be found. (Account:account name, POPserver:'mail', Error Number: 0x800ccc0d)Task 'server name - Sending and Receiving' reported error (0x800ccc0f): 'The connection to the server was interrupted. If this problem continues, contact your server administrator or Internet service provider (ISP). The server responded: ? K'Your server has unexpectedly terminated the connection. Possible causes for this include server problems, network problems, or a long period of inactivity. Account. account name, Server: 'server name', Protocol: POP3, Server Response: '+OK', Port: 110, Secure(SSL): N0, Error Number: 0x800ccc0fTask 'SMTP server name - Sending and Receiving' reported error (0x80042109): 'Outlook is unable to connect to your outgoing (SMTP) e-mail server. If you continue to receive this message, contact your server administrator or Internet service provider (ISP).'The operation timed out waiting for a response from the receiving (POP) server 0x8004210aA time-out occurred while communicating with the server 0x800ccc19
5-23
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Outlook Web Access 5-25
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Exchange Server 2003 Administrators’ Toolbox
5-26
Exchange Server 2003 Resource Kit (MSPress)Slipstick Systems
http://slipstick.com
Exchange Server 2003 Downloads http://microsoft.com/exchange/downloads
Microsoft Exchange Server TechCenterhttp://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/exchange/default.mspx
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Microsoft Exchange Server Best Practices Analyzer Tool
5-27
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Exchange Management Pack for MOM 2005
5-28
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Exchange Server 2003 Service Packs 5-29
1. Front-end servers
3. Management machines 2. Back-end servers
Applying service packsfor Exchange Server 2003
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Scripting for Exchange Server 2003 Administrators
5-30
WMI scripts ADSI scripts
AD ObjectAdministration
SystemManagement
Contact
Computer
Server
Group
User
Policy
Printer
East
© 2005 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved.
WMI and Exchange Server 2003
ExchangeClusterResourceExchangeConnectorStateExchangeLink ClassExchangeQueue ClassExchangeServerState ClassExchange_DSAccessDC ClassExchange_MessageTrackingEntry
ClassExchange_Server ClassExchange_FolderTree ClassExchange_Link ClassExchange_Mailbox ClassExchange_PublicFolder ClassExchange_Queue ClassExchange_QueueCacheReloadEvent
Class
Exchange_QueuedMessage ClassExchange_QueuedSMTPMessage
ClassExchange_QueuedX400Message
ClassExchange_QueueSMTPVirtualServer
ClassExchange_QueueVirtualServer ClassExchange_QueueX400VirtualServer
ClassExchange_ScheduleInterval ClassExchange_Server ClassExchange_SMTPLink ClassExchange_SMTPQueue ClassExchange_X400Link ClassExchange_X400Queue Class
5-31
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ADSI and Exchange Server 2003 5-32
IAD
objUser
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TechNet Script Repository 5-33
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Advanced Data Recovery
Offline Data RecoverySnapshotsRecovery Storage GroupsRecover Mailbox DataMerge or Copy DataSchedule Recovery Mailbox Data TaskMailbox Data Recovery Task Summary
5-34
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Offline Data Recovery
PowerControls (Ontrack Data Recovery)Recovery Manager for Exchange (Quest Software)
5-35
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Ontrack PowerControls 5-35
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Quest Recovery Manager for Exchange
5-36
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Snapshots 5-37
Volume ShadowCopy Service
(VSS)
Snapshot
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
E00.log
E0000001.log
E0000002.log
Lock SG/read only
Release SG
Backupsoftware
(VSS Requestor)
Exchange Server2003
(writer)
Hardware orsoftware
(provider)
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Recovery Storage Groups 5-39
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Recover Mailbox Data 5-41
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Merge or Copy Data 5-42
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Schedule Recovery Mailbox Data Task
5-43
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Mailbox Data Recovery Task Summary
5-44
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Archiving
Some of the main reasons for archiving include: Server performance Knowledge management Elimination of storage limits Regulatory compliance
5-45
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New Data Retention Model 5-46
All mailbox data stored on the Exchange server
Exchange server backups and restores take a long time
Limits are required
E-discovery is very difficult
X number of days e-mail resides on the Exchange server
> x mail is archived
Archive disk storage is less costly than Exchange server
No limits are required
The server performs better
E-discovery is possible and easy to do
DASstorage
DASNASSAN
DAS
Archivingsystem
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Built-in Archiving
Create mailbox storeIndex mailbox storeCreate mailbox-enabled
userEnable archiving on
applicable mailbox stores
5-48
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Third-Party Archiving Tools 5-49
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Regulatory Compliance
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX)Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
(HIPAA)Archiving for Compliance:
Capture entire message, including the header, for all SMTP traffic.
Categorize archived messages for ease of administration. Capture metadata associated with every item in the archive. Store data on fixed media. Index the archive database. Provide advanced search and forensic tools. Incorporate single-instance storage and other performance
optimization features. Provide a secure means in which to control access to the
archive.
5-50
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Enhanced Mobility 5-51
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Outlook Mobile Access 5-52
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ActiveSync Requirement
Exchange Server requirementsActive Directory requirementsWireless device requirements Internet connectivity and security requirements
5-53
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OWA Administration 5-55
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OWA Customization 5-57
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OWA Example 5-58