1914: Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary assassinated

Serbia blamed Alliances lead to war Lusitania and Zimmerman Telegram bring

U.S. into war in 1917 Selective Service Act: many Georgians

opposed because it took men away from farms.

World War I

Fort McPherson Fort Gordon Fort Benning

Bases trained many soldiers Provided cotton for uniforms Farms began growing crops that soldiers

needed.

Georgia in the war

Allies (U.S. France, Great Britain, Italy) win against Central Powers

Germany is blamed for the war and is punished by Allies

War ends

Georgia between Wars

Boll WeevilDiversify cropsDroughts

Consumerism: people started focusing more on buying things than on saving money◦ Ads tried to convince consumers to buy new

products were seen in all magazines and on the radio

◦ People began to use credit more and more.◦ As more and more people bought stocks, many of

them bought stocks on the margin which means they paid for part of the stocks on credit.

Depression

Overproduction: farmers and producers continued producing more and more products and crops causing prices of goods to fall ◦ stock prices began to drop◦ Oct. 29, 1929: Black Tuesday Stocks bottomed

out causing the Stock Market Crash Banks failed and many families found themselves

jobless, and homeless in a matter of days. Hoovervilles: villages made of shacks

Depression

Candler Field: was the first in the nation to have passenger terminals

Most people were farmers◦ Fewer than 5% of farms had indoor plumbing and

electricity.◦ Schools saw a drop in attendance as children were

needed to work on farms.◦ Boll weevil destroyed cotton production

◦ Forward Atlanta Commission: to stop the loss of people to Florida and to encourage businesses to come to Atlanta

Depression in GA

New Deal: series of government programs aimed at “fixing the economy”

Agricultural Adjustment Act: paid farmers not to produce certain crops in an effort to raise farm prices.

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC): hired unmarried men ages 17-23 and war veterans to plant trees, build trails, and work on environmental conservation projects.

Social Security Act: provided retirement pay to elderly.

FDR and the New Deal

Rural Electrification Act: Provided electricity to people in rural areas.

Recover, reform, relief (reasons)

New Deal

Eugene Talmadge

Said he would help farmers, reduce property taxes, and cut state spending.Opposed much of the New DealPreached white supremacyHe fired two administrators who supported integration in 1941.

Totalitarian dictator: leader who holds all the power and does not allow any political opposition.

Mussolini: dictator of Italy that became an ally to Hitler and Germany

War began in 1939 when Hitler invaded Poland

Isolationism : staying “isolated” from the wars.

Hideki Tojo: Japan’s military leader

WWII

Winston Churchill: Prime Minister of Great Britain

Lend-Lease: U.S. agreed to send supplies and aid to any nation whose defense was important to the national security of the U.S.

Pearl Harbor: Japan attacked this naval base in Hawaii on Sunday December 7, 1941

WWII

Military bases: ◦ Fort Benning- home of the US infantry. One of the

largest military school in the world.◦ Gordon◦ McPherson◦ Stewart◦ Hunter Army Airfield

Bell Aircraft: military factory that created war planes in Marietta…..today it’s Lockheed-Martin

Created many jobs for women!!! Showed they could do MENS work

GA in the War

Shipyards: places where ships are built◦ Savannah

◦ Richard Russell: worked hard to get New Deal passed in GA. Pushed for military bases in foreign countries.

◦ Carl Vinson: pushed for the U.S. to strengthen navy before WWII and it was said that his work for the stronger navy is what pushed us to win against Japan

GA in the War

Atlanta had a large Jewish population Jewish community began to fear anti-

Semitism: prejudice against Jews.

Were thrilled that U.S. recognized the nation of Israel in 1948

Effects of the Holocaust in GA

Economic changes:◦ Lockheed: by the 1950’s was GA’s largest

employer building aircraft.◦ By the 1940’s for the first time, more people

worked in factory and office jobs than farming.◦ GI Bill: allowed veterans to get loans for homes

and education.◦ Farming became diversified as peanuts, and

pecans became a big crop. New technology helped with production.

Postwar GA

In response to the Cold War President Eisenhower supported the National Highway Act in 1956.

Roads necessary for quick movement of military personnel and evacuation in the event of a nuclear attack

Highway System

Mayor of Atlanta beginning in 1937 Created Candler Field, the city’s first airport Called the “Father of Atlanta Aviation” Airport renamed Hartsfield in 1980. Created a coalition of white and black

businessmen to help with race relations

William Hartsfield

Fulton County Stadium: Allen ordered this built.

Braves: Atlanta’s first professional sports team.◦ Hank Aaron: 1974 hit 715th home run breaking

Babe Ruth’s record.

◦ Atlanta Falcons: 1966◦ Hawks: 1968◦ Flames: first Hockey team 1972

Professional Sports

Governor of GA beginning in 1942.◦ Ended the poll tax for African Americans◦ Improved prison system◦ Gave 18 year olds right to vote.

Ellis Arnall

Won governorships after a controversial election.

1946: Ellis Arnall ran against Eugene Talmadge and E. Talmadge won but died before taking office.

Talmadge’s son Herman had the most write in votes and many thought he should take over.

Arnall refused to leave office. Finally Talmadge took office and ran as a

white supremacist.

Herman Talmadge

10 years after Talmadge won the governorship, the state assembly approved the 1956 state flag which upset many African Americans

1956 State Flag