.4OU. n-P rEOPrI4 MI4TPEB( nlo B.Ul B c KI,i yH LI B E P c tAT ET,,l1 AwcltlZ XIl n E H.trAp c rz " )

3A CAMYI4AOBAIA KPENOCT 14

6I4TKATA B KAIOI{KAIA KAI4CYPAoT 1014 I .

T) noc,relHule trecerr4rerhfl Ha

5x B. BeKoBHl4rr 6-r,rrapo-e'-:aHrnfrcru py6ofi HaBJr,fl3:bn B

perrrr4renHara cv $a:a. BoenHIare

Heycnexr4 3acvrvru ynaAT'Ka B

Er:rrapm r4 AoBenI4 ,Io cI{nHIr no-JII4TI{qeCKr.r C:r,TpeceHr4_fl : 3aBnaAqHa

6una crotuqara Be:urxn llpecnae;qap Eopnc II (969-911) 6u:r cna-

JIeH OT BnaCT; CeBepOIi3TOTIHI{Te

6rrrapcru 3eMr{ rrpeMlrHiLrrr rIoA

BJracrra na Bu:anrr.rficrara ulr-ilepr{l. B resu rexKr{ roAr4Hrr, B

3arrlrrra ua E:r:rraprrq, HalreJro Ha

c:brrporrrBara cpeqy nu:aurufiqlr-TC 3ACTAHAJII{ CI{HOBCTE HA KOMIIT

Hnrona: fianug, Moiiceft, AapoHu Cawyvl. Cnea 976 r. ynpaBne-

Hr{ero Ha rlapcTBoTo rrpeMzHaJro B

pr,rlere Ha rlap Pouau (976-997),Ho Karo uafi-sHaqlrlr BoeHaqa!'IHI{K

ce u3-flBur KoMurorrynrr Carrylur.Oqe npegn o$nqua,rHoro My B:b3-

uap.nBaHe, Cawywt (997-1014)

156 X]4IU{AA TOAI4HI4 OT 6I4TKATA NPI4 EENACI{UA I,{ OT CMbPTTA HA UAP CAMYI4JI (1014 2O1J

6rajr ocnoeHa $vrypa n 6r:rrapcxara Ar,pxaBa. Heroeure yeunvfl,rr BoeH-Hr4 yclexr4 AoBenr4 go o6egnHeHr4ero Ha Maxegouua, Mrtztra. !o6py5xan Tpaxva nog 6nnrapcKa BJracr, a Ha ror 6v,ra zaeralylr'a u Tecanra,fl. Bn:bpBr{re foAr{Hrr sa XI n. o6aqe yc[errrHr{Te gefrcrsuaHa 6uraplrre 6u,rrrIlpeK:bcHaru. Egna oKoJro 1009-1013 r., Koraro rrMrreparop Bacwmfi rr(916-1025) rpx6naro Aa orcroqBa suzauruiacKr4re BnaAeHr4s s vrtanus.6urapcxara 3arrlrrra ycnfrna ga ce cra6unv3upa.I{ap cauyran He caMoue ry6en Hare)KAa, Ho rr ynopuro Lt ycr,pAHo ce rorBeJr 3a peilrrrrenHocpaxeHr4e.

3a xparro BpeMe, B paMKr.rre Ha rrJrKoJrKo roAr{Hr4, 6uln asrpageuuroJIeMI4 yKperlrrrenHrl rr [perpaAHll c:bop:bxeHuq B K,rroqra x,rracypa. 3aTe3r4 yKpenreHr4q ca Aocrr4rHanr4 npeAr.lMHo Br43aHrr4frCru cee4e]Hvq. CIrMero Krrcqxa KJurcypa ersaHruficrvflr ucropur froan Crranrqa or6e-Jrfl3Ba no cr,qecrBo AoJrr{Hara Ha peKa Crpytrraqa (CrpynreurHraqa), a nHarre BpeMe ce cB:bp3Ba v c reorpa$cxara o6:racr flogrop (llo4ropue),KOflrO O6Xnarqa for-flM 6pofi cela B ceBepHoro rroAHox(Ire ua Eelacuqa,uexly rpaAoBere flerplru z Crpyulrqa. llpe: Ta3r4 ,,TecHuHa,,, KaKTo _fl

Hapwra c:buluqr aBTop, su:aHrr.rfrcrr4sr r4Mleparop Bacunzfr II HeeAHO-KparHo HaBJrr{3aJr Ha 3alaA, B ToraBaIuHr4Te npeAenr.r ua 6:r,nrapcKoro rlap-creo. Toea 6z:ra ocnosHara rIprFrI{Ha 3a u3rpax,qaHero or qap Cavrymr uaenna cno)KHa cucreMa or ,,poBoBe u orpa4u"l. {pyr nu:anrufict<u aBTop,HapI4r{aH ,,llpo4r:txzrerqr na feoprtr MoHax", AaBa orqe ro-foJreMu rIoA-po6uocru, Karo rrr4rrre, ue cavryul ,,flperpaAtrn recHr4Hr{Te 14 npoxorr.rre HaeIHo MqcTo c:bc creHu, ApyraAe c BbxeTa I{ AT,pBera Ir HarIpaBL{n tr3KycT-BeHI4 BaJroBe"2. oil1e e,{r{H Brr3aHruficrlr r{cropxK iloan 3oHapa, go6aw,qe ocBeH caMara 4eua (nperpa,qHa creHa), c yrpenlenus.'ntfit ofpaAeHr4r{ oKoJrHlrre npoxoAl4 B rIJIaHrrHtlTe, K:bnero 6lrnrz nocraBeHll rr Crpaxu3.

Apxeo:roruqecKr4Te [poyr{BaHus B AoJrr4Hara Ha p. CrpylreuulqanpeAocraBflr BT,3MoxHocr Aa ce [pocneAqr ocHoBHI4Te orIopHLI rryHKToBe 14

yKpenr.{renHr{ c:bop:bx(eHuq or BpeMero Ha uap Cauyr.r:r. f:raeHara yKperre_HA rfirHVA e 6wn pa3rronoxeHa B 3eMJ[{ilIero Ha c. K:rrcq. OcHosuo Mr{croB He-g 3aeMa yKpelrrTeHllero ,,Calryr4noBa Kpelocr", ilpoyrreHo npe: 60-re

I Ioannes Scylitzes. Historiarum compendium. |UBA, VI, 1965, c. 283.2 Georgius Monachus Continuatus. - fnEil, VI, 1965, c. 155.3Ioannis Zonarae. Epitomae Historiarum Libri XViII. - f I4E4,VII, 1968, c. 1gg.

AOI] A-P IEOP|I4 MI4TPEB. 34 CAMYI4JIOBATA KPENOCT 14 6I4TKATA B KJIIOI{KATA KJII4CYPA... 15?

II.CTPYT'EIJ]IIAE/

xxxx -Al,PEEltIt n P n a.PAll fiT .I'OBLr]-rs -cTcllllxlxx -llAiI

P.l C,\!rYl{rtOBA--" nlettocr ".)r"I \,.

lt _t"

oro{1,onu

t4 70-re rogr4Hrr Ha

XX e. or [. CroxHoBa-CepaSurr,rona (1923-2002)1. flo-xrcro, B

pe3ynrar Ha npeAnpr{-eTrrre TepeHHr{ O6xox(-

naHrrfl) 6e ycrauoneHoMCCTOTIOJIO}I(EHIICTO

n xapaKTepibT t4 HA

MHoro ,{pyrr4 c:bop:b-

I(CHI{S B MCCTHOCTI4TC

feprenue, JlemKrlre,Eo3alrxo, 9yxa,rrro nApyfr4 B 3eMnrruero Ha

c. K,rroq5 (o6p. 1).

O6p. 1 Cxeua uaIIperpaAHrrreCT'OpT,2KeHI{f

rrplr c. K,rroq.

fOPB.'IIITT]sntrtldHrl

l

c$ a sd ronr'r,**"

trlJ

I

\\i\r1n iu

l\rs,r r .. .r r, r o

j'r

a f. croxuoea-cspeorlN,rovt. cauyuLtolama Kpenocm npu c. K,tnu, Etaeoee-epadcrco. co$ua, 1981; !. cro-sHosa-cppAor.MoBA. Haquoua,tiu naprc-uyseil Cauyu-nosa Kpenocm. Co$va, 1984.

5 TepeHurme npo) {BaHrrrr n pafiona Ha c. Krlo.r ce [poBeAoxa npe3 1990 r. nogp:bKoBoAcrBoro ua Bopr.rc leerr<oe II c y{acrvero na Togop Tapaxon lr feopru Mnr-pee. B cneABarr{r,ITe roAr4Hr4 e na6:togeHunra ce BKJrroqrrxa u Murro Mzrpen u !wu-rrp Tpenuee or c. Kolapono. BN. E. IfeErxon. Krrrcqrara or6pauzre,ru a rrvHLrAHa rlapcanayra,r or 1014 r. - Ha) {Hu rrocrrrxeHr4rr, npo6leur.r r.r HoBr{ run"". B: Irpuuocu ui6oteapcrcama apxeonoeun. Y. l. coslrr, rgg3, c. 87 93; E. IJeErxon. Cinuu4uamaMper4ca a dotuuama ua Cpedua cmpyua npes Cpeduolettoluemo IX xrII eerc (noapxeonoeuuecxu dauuu). co(blLa, 2002, c.65-6g; f . Murpse. calryr.r:ronara Kpenocr_AeMa 14 6urxara npe: 1014 r. MIrp, l612 (1993), c. 75-gg; f. Mraipre. cauyluronaraKpeflocr - HoBr4 na}llJrl 11 AH?uru3U. - B: [rupuucrcu rcpai. Kpaeeedcrcu usc"tedeauun.E,raroenrpa4, 1996, c. I 5-1 8.

I58 XI4JUIAA IOAI4HI4 OT EI4TKATA IIPI4 6E'IACI4UA 14 OT CMbPTTA HA I-{AP CAMYI4JT (I01+2014)

Pere$uure oco6enocrn Ha repeHa ca orrpeAenvrrr Lr rexHr4re oc-HOBHT4 XapaKTeprrcTrrKr{ - poBoBe, BaroBe r{ KaMeHHr4 npefpaAHr4 cTeHr4.

llpoyrnaurasra or rrocJreAHr,{re toAr4Hr{ rroKa3axa, qe eIHa rro-Manxa yK-perreHa rrrrHrrfr e c:brrlecrByButau B 3eMnr{ulero Ha c. Ko:rapono B Mecr-Hocrrrre Taru:nKo, Eaa,rape v ypyrv6 (o6p. 2). Hefinoro nprrc:bcrBr{e eB ctrHxpoH c:bc cBeAeHr4qra Ha eusaHrl4i.Icxrrre aBTopr.{ 3a HaJ'rl{qvero Ha

rloBeqe or eAHa npefpalr{ r4 3a rexHr4Te roneMr{ vatryla6u.

O6p. 2 Cxerua Ha rrperpaAHr{Te cbopr,rneHrrfl rrprr c. Ko,rapono.

b Tepenurme npoyqBaHr4fl e c. Konapono ce rpoBeloxa rpe3 2005-2006 r. noapr,KoBoAcrBoro na feoprr.r Mrtrpen r.r c yracrr,rero na Corup tr4eaHoe (fI4M - llerplru)tr Murxo Murpen. llpegeapllre;rna lru$oplrar\vfr 3a c-bopbxenr{rrra noiryrruxMe orMecrHwr ) rrrren rto r4croptrq rr KpaeBeA feopru foqxos, Ha Kororo A:bnxa oco6esa6"rrarogapnocr. Bx. f. Mnrlta, C. tr4e,A.uon. Tepeuun apxeororuqecru o6xoNganua n3eMJrr{urero na c. Kolaposo, O6urua llerpuu. - B: AOP npes 2006 e. Co$va, 2007,c. 612 613; f . Mureee, C. UeeHoe. ITpoyueauua e doLruuama ua Cmpyueruuu4a. I.llerpuu,2011, c. 120 121.

KOXAPOBO

AOII A-P fEOPfI4 MI,ITPEB. 3A CAMYI4JIOBATA KPEIIOCT I{ 6I4TKATA B KITIOI{KATA zuII,ICYPA... I59

Vxpenure:rHr4Te c:bop:b)KeHr.rJr s Knruqxara Knrrcypa r4Mar c:brqecr-BeHo Mrlcro B rrJraHoBere Ha rlap Cauyzn 3a BoAeHe na eofiuara cpeqynusanrufiqr4Te npe3 r-flroro na 1014 r. r4 orrpeAer,flr B 3HarrrrreJrHa crerreHxapaKrepa Ha BoeHHr{re gefrcrnua r4 xoAa Ha orAenHr4Te aKrlrrr4 rr 3a ABerecrpanv.llo6e4ara Ha rrMneparop Bacurnfr II sre nusaHrufrcrara Jrero-rII4cHa rpaAr{rlr{fl e ocraHaJra Karo [puMep sa 6lecrailIr4 BoeHHr4 Aeficrnusv 3aBv;.HLr B o eHaqaJ-rHrrrrecKrr yttenvt7 . CrqeaperreHHo, 3 apaAu Aefr crnz-flTa Ha r4Mrreparopa, cB:bp3aHr4 c ocnetuBaHero Ha rr,TeHeHara 6r,:rrapcxaeoficxa, Tfl e ocraHaJra B Harxara r4cropr4rrecKa naMer Karo rIpI4Mep 3a He-qoBerrrKr4 u s:rogeficru yefi,creua.

llpe: rc:rn 1014 r. sugaHrnficKlrre soiicxu, KoMaHIBaHr4 Jrr4qHo or r4M-

rleparopa, HaBne3:rr{ n 6r:rrapcrr{re 3eMr4. Kaxro r4 B rrperurnHr4 rroxoArr,re ce npr4ABlr>Kkrllrt no AonHoro reqeHfle ua p. CrpyMa, a cJreA Karo rrpe-MI4HaJrr4 npes PynelcKoro 4e$zne, HaBJre3Jrrr B AonrlHara ua p. CrpyMrrrla.Blr:aurnfrcKr4re r43Boptr crroMeHaBar, qe Bacusturt II rpa1uqlroHHo HaBrr4-

3aJI rlo ro3r{ rrbr - rrpe3 KnNrea noHr r{ Kllrgzon8. Tyx. npu K,rroqra r-nn-cypa, Bv3aurnfrqure 6luu cnpeurl or nperpilKneHrrrra Ha rlap Carrryut,oxpaH-rBaHlr or 6r:rrapcKara soiAcxa.

,,flpogr:rxzreJrsr Ha feopru Mosax" cr,obrqana oco6euo BaxHarauuSopuaqur, qe rrbpBoHaqaJrHnre [JraHoBe Ha rlap Cauyll:l ca 6vsm ga

npeAnpr4eMe HacrbrrJTenlte, a He caMo Aa BoAr{ or6paHureluu geficrnvx.Or e4na crpaHa ,,Aa HarrpaBr4 BHe3arreH u3rag n 4a o6rpaAr4 r4Mneparo-pd", & c:bilIeBpeMeHHo Aa o6carur 14 ra rrpeB3errle Co:ryue. Tesn cBeAeHr4-fl

IIoKa3Bar, qe qap Calryran He e r43rpaAr{Jr rrpelpaAr4Te r.r yKperrneHr4sra B

Klroqxara Knrrcypa? BoAeH or orqaqHu e vrtt Mrrcr:r eAr4HcrBeHo :a or6pa-Ha, a no-cKopo Karo KanaH 3a r4Mrreparop Bacwmft II z sa nu:anruficraraapMuq.

B saqanoro Ha BoeHHrzre geficrBrr-{ Blr3aHrnficroro Hacrr,rIJIeHIre

6u:ro cnpxuo or HanpaBeHrrre nperpanqeHuit Lr LrHt4uLrartrBara rrpeMr4Ha-

ra Ha crpaHara na 6:r:rrapnre. llo [peABapr4reJreH rrJraH eArrH orpflA Ha

Caruyluoeara noficxa, BoneH or Hecropuqa, ce Hacoqur xru Co:ryu.fpag:sr 6lrn o6cageH, Ho ocraHaJr He3aBJragxn. Tona 6vn ntpnvar rrpo-6ue e raKrr4Kara Ha Cauyrur. B ncropuqecKuq rpyA Ha iloan Cxu:ruqa ce

7 Cecaumeni. Strategicon. - fnEU, VII, 1968, c. 13-148 Ioannes Scylitzes. Historiarum compendium, c.283.e Georgius Monachus Continuatus, c. 155.

160 xl4n-sAA foAI4HI4 OT ELITKATA llPU 6EJ]ACI4UA 14 OT CMbPTTA HA UAp CAMyt4Jl (l0l+2011)

pa3Ka3Ba, qe ,,rro BpeMero, Koraro TeoSl.uarr BoraHuar 6u:r u:npareH:ayrrpaBr4ren Ha Co:ryu, ... flanuy Hecropllqa, e,ur{H or 6r-nrapcKr{re BeJ]Mo-

xv,6un r.{3rrpareH or Carr,ryulr c roJrflMa eoficra cpeqy ConyH. TeoSr.r:raxrrI4 rlocperrlHan 3aeAHo erc cuHa cuMuxaul, Birq3T,Jr n 6ofr c rqx r4 rr4 pa3-6u:r nanuno", a creg roBa,,fr4 3aKapan Ha L{Mrreparopa, rofiro o6caNAa,rlperpaAara nplr K,rrcurara rll.rcypa" r 0.

Pa:rporr,rsr ua 6:r:rrapcrure soi.rcxLt ilpr4 Co:ry.n [ocraBr.rn Haqano-To Ha o6para BbB BoeHHrlre geiicrnuq. Vcnexure Ha nu:aurnfrqr{re r{M

AanL{ B:b3MoxHocr ga ct6epar r4 Hacoqar rlorlTlr Bct4qKr4 cBorr cr{Jrlr Ha

Ea,rraHr.rre K:bM lonr{Hara Ha p. CrpyrreruHraqa. lltpnoHar{arrHo ryK Aolrnr4eoficrr4re Ha rzMneparop Bacruuit II u Ha crparela Ha reMa QulnnononHnxu$op KclrSuil, a Bepo{rHo rr rurKorr Apyrr.r ro-MitrrKr{ orpqAu. KrA,r rqxce flprrc:beAlrnnrr v conyHcKuqr gyr Teo$ruarr BoraHr.rar. Taxa Br.r3aH-

rvfrilur e 6r.rnu sHaqureJrHo yJrecHeHr{,,qoKaro qap C auyll t 6ul 3 arpylHeHB HaMepeHr{flTa cu Aa r43HeHaAau o6rpayu [Mneparopa. O6croqrencrBaratrpuryl].krnil 6r,lrapcxr.rx uap na [peMr4He u3rlsno n or6paunreJrHr4 no3r4-

ur.iv. -fleHo 6rulo ueetsMolrHo Aa ce neficrBa nr.rpeKrHo cpeuy roJrflMaraeugaurnficra aputrfl.. flo ro:r.r Haqr{H 6lmaplme ocraHaJrrr 3arBopeHr4 BrloJlero Ha 3arraA or Kperrocrra-AeMa. IJap Caruyu-rr, r{3rJrexla, pa3\illnaJrnrnsanrufrqr4re Aa ce orKaxar or 6oilHzre gefrcrnur r{ Aa ce orrerrlr, rlitKaro rrperparAeHrrsra 6unlr uenpeB3eMaeMrr or ynop.,,llpo4:srxr.rrerJrrua feopru MoHax" gopu or6enx3Ba, rre ,,6nllapllte, ynonanafrKrr ce Ha

cBoqra crpaxa, 6l.r:ru 6e:rpr{xHr{ r{ cI,r ceAenlr 6e: BcqKaK:bB crpax"ll.Xapar<reprr u rraarqa6rrre Ha yKpenr4renHr4re cr,op:bxeHr4-fl roKa3Bar, qe

ToBa He e 6u:ro Ha[IIeHlBaHe Ha r-flxHara HerlpeB3eMaeMocr, a flo-cKoporroArleHflBaHe Ha TaKTUT{ecKr4Te yMeHtrs r{ Ha B:b3MO}GOCTr4Te Ha BII3aH-

ruficrure BoeHHr4 cr.rJlrr.

Wuurluarrteara rIpeMLIHana oKoHrrarerHo Ha crpaHara Ha Br{3aH-

ruiiqnre qpe3 u3[pauraHero no SlaHroBere Ha o6xoguu orp-flAr4, Korrrorpa6na,ro Aa o6caAsr 6urapcxure eofrcrr4. Cnopeg i/roau Crunuqa ra:uugen 6uta Ha crpareta Huxll$op Kcr.r$ufr12. B c:seperraeHHr{re rzscneABa-

un-fl o6rarHoBeHo ce nurue 3a e,4r{H o6xogeu orpflA, Karo ce cneABa c:1,-

[II4qr I43Tor{Ht4K, Ho roBa e HerorrHo. Muoro no-nogpo6Hlrre cBeAeH:afl. Ha

10 Ioannes Scylitzes. Historiarum compendium , c.285.1r Georgius Monachus Continuatus, c. 157.12 Ioannes Scylitzes. Historiarum compendium, c.283-284.

AOI.I A-P fEOPfI4 MI4TPEB. 34 CAMYI4JIOBATA KPEIIOCT I{ EI4TKATA B KIIIOTIKATA KNI4CYPA... 161

,,flpo4snNr.rreJrrr ua feoprlr MoHax" rroKa3Bar, r{e e rrMaJro qea o6xo4uuorpqga. B rosu r43Bop e 3arrucaHo, qe uMrreparop Bacr,rlufr.II ,,... r43npa-

TI4n ABaMa CTpare3r{ ... Aa HaMepflT Ha BCflKa rleHa rrbTeqKrr rrpe3 Henpo-xoAr4Mr4Te MecTa, KaTO BOAqT KOHeTe CV V Ce r43KaqaT IIeilIa Ha rrrrAHl,lIJATa,

TaM, K:bIeTO BapBapI4Te He rroAo3upanv I4 He Aollycr.aJtrt, a c:brrlo v na ee

cnycHar or Mecrara, npe3 Kor,rro ulenrr Aa rr{ rrpeBeAar BoAaq[re. llo cr-lllrq Haqr.rH v Ha npyrtrq crparer 6uro sauosqAaHo Aa rp:brHe ra rofi noApyl IIT,T, Ia B:bpBII npaBo cpe[y CrpDKara raM, K:bAeTo IIa3eJIa npOXOAa,

v na fl HarraAHe orAscHo, raKa qe Hnrofi or rqx Aa He Mox{e Aa IaIe 3arro-neg Hxrofr Aa ce r43Mr,KHe r{ na r436rta" 13. EguHlrrr crparer 6lrn Hurra$opKcu$ufi, roitro f{acrBan n xoH$:iurra or caMoro Har{aro. Herosr4sr or-psA ce Hacoqur Ha ror K:bM rrJraHr{Hara Be:raclrqa. flpyua-ar crparer 6u:rTeo$n:rarr Borauraar, rofrro ilprlcrr4rHan n K:uoqxara Knr4cypa cneA cpa-xeHl4ero npu Conyu. floclegna:rvre cry'6urus rroKa3Bar, qe roil KoMaHA-

Ban ceBepHur o6xo4eH orpqA, xoliro ce Hacoqlrr orAscHo Ha nperpaAara,Toecr K:bM rr,TaHIIHara OfpaxreH.

Cnopeg i4oan Crluuqa, Hlrrn$op KcvSzfr,,B3err cBor{re nofruzqra,B:bpHan ce v sao6uKorrrr[ HaMr{paulara ce Ha ror or K-rruglrou rB:bpne Br4-

coKa nJraHuHa, Hapeqena Butarucra [r.e. Eelaclrqa]"14. ToBa cBeAeHr4e

o6aqe c:brrlo r43rnex,ua Heror{uo. ,,llpog:bJrxr4reJr-{T ua feoprn MoHax"otlr4cBa c r4HrepecHn nogpo6Hocrrr He sao6irranqHero, a npeMr4HaBaHero

rlpe3 [naHrrnara'. ,,I4 rrr,pBrnrr crparef ce ornpaBr{n KT,M rIJIaHrrHara v ceI{3Kaqr{Jr Ha Heq ... C rorql,{o yevnve yclqn Aa fl rrpeMr4He 3a rpr4 AeHa.llsryna:r Ir HorqeM, crq3r,r or Apyrara crpaHa (r.e. or ror) u noAcJroHr.rJr

eoficrara B ropr4cro r.r cKpt4ro Mscro. A 6rnrapltre 6nlv ua6rulso r{ cr,B-ceM He noAo3llpanu 3a rqx"15.

MHoro e B:b3MoxHo BoficKzre ria Huxn$op Kcu$lrfi Aa ca r{3Ka-\nrrLr 14 rrpeMr{Ha"ru{ Ee;racuqa rpe3 rrpoxoAa AeMrrp Kanns (Xele:unnpara), Karo rro r[brfl ca npeoAonenr4 oxpaHara B Kperrocrra ,,9yKara"rlpr4 AH. c. Kolapono r{ Apyrr4 rrperpaxleHu-fl B pafroHa. To:tt ro:rapcrr.rfl:br e u3rron3BaH [o rrpeAr4 rurKoJrKo Aeceruneru_fl, a npoxoAr,r ,{euupKaura-fl rT Aocera e e,qr4HcrBeHoro yAo6Ho Mqcro 3a npeMrruaBaHe B ra3rr

13 Georgius Monachus Continuatus, c. 156.la Ioannes Scylitzes. Historiarum compendium, c.284r5 Georgius Monachus Continuatus, c. 156.

162 XI4IUIAA fOAI4HI4 OT 6I4TKATA IIPI4 EEJIACI{UA I,{ OT CMbPTTA HA IIAP CAMyUJI (101+2014)

qacr Ha rrrraHnnutat6. CleA Hero Brr3aHrnfrqnre ce [pr4,qBr4xrrJrr4 rro ro]K-

Ht4rr cKJroH Ha 3anaA u tprr6ea Aa ca locrr4rHurn Ao AHerrrHoro c. llopofinnv ao c. MarHuqa, KT,Aero e npeMr{HaBan lpyr cpeAHoBeKoBeH nr,Tsa c. Knroq. Tofi ce crroMeHaBa B AapcrBeHa rpaMora ua cpr6cxzx rpa:rCre$an [euaucrur (1321-1331) or 1328 r., rrorBr,prrAaBarrla AapeHu-fl Ha

rlporoceBacr Xpemo17. flo rosn Haqr4H orpqA:br Ha HurnSop Kcu$lrfi e

MorbJI Aa cne3e or Eelacnqa Ha oKo.lro 1-2 xu B rr4Jra Ha AeMara, n pafrouasa c. Kruoq vnarpv gH. c. Cxprr (o6p. 3)'8.

OTFA])KNEH\

I

t- ., "--".J'MEJIHI,{K

CETT{EJICKA N

rr-rlrl.fi-ru KPEIIOCT -,qtrMA

: => : :> Bofrcrtt ua eA,cn.tuil It O'ICTT'IIBAUIU B'b,II'APCKlt OTPTIAI{

ART B0T,{HHAT

O6p.3 Cxena na 6uucara s K,rrcqKara K,'rucypa or 1014 r.

[oraro v3uvnaJtwrpt4quu, ueo6xolunau Ha n:bpBrrx o6xogeu orprA -26,27 u28 wtru 1014 r., Bropr.r-sr o6xo4eu or"pqA cr,rqo ce npr4ABrrxr4n.

,,llpo4rnNurerrT Ha feoprr4 Mouax" pa3Ka3Ba, qe ))Lr Apyru-flr crparer

16 B. 3,rar,q.pcxvt. trl[cmopua ua 6otteapcrcama dopucaea npu cpeduume 6eKoae.

Tou I. Ilapeo 6aLtaapcrco tlapcmso. Vacm 2. Om c,taetwusa4llqma ua dopucaeama donadauemo ua llopeomo 4opcmso. CoSur, 1921 (1994r), c. 697,6en. 61; f . Murpee.Cauyr.rlonara Kperrocr-reMau 6urrara npe: l0l4 r., c. 82-83.

17 lL llerpon, B. frorn,rrn. Xpucmouamun no ucmopun Ha

$w.,1978, c.229.18 lluero na c. Crprr HrrKorr r,I3BexAar or ,,cKpI4T", T.e. cKpI{TI{Te wrsanruficxr.t

noficxlr, a Apyru or ,,cKp:b6" n crp:s6ra [o ocJrerlenl4re Cauyrurowt eoftHIzqn.

2. Co-

AOII A-P fEOPfl4 MI4TPEB. 3A. CAMyT4JIOBATA KPETTOCT 14 6I4TKATA B KntOqKATA Knr{CypA... 163

fTeo$ra:raxr Boraunar] uanrepran MHoro M:bqHrr r4 HerrpoxoAt4Mr4 Mecra.

Bce uax c foJrflMa npeAna3nl{Bocr flr rlpeMr{HaJ'r r.{ cJUr3:bJr or B:brpellrHara

crpaHa, K:bAero 6ulacrpaxara"te. B:sgtvroxuo e re3r{ ezgaHruficxu gofrcrl4

[:bpBoHarriuHo Aa ca ce npr{ABu}Krr.i;v no p. fpageul<a (feroncra), orcro--flula Ha oKoJro 1 rrr,r ragroqHo or AeMara. Tyx e cr,rrlecrByBiur cpe[HoBe-KoBeH rrr, rofiro e 3arrorrBaJr or AoJrrrHara Ha p. Crpyrvreruru4rla v npe3

rIJIaHIrHr4re Orpaxgen u MaleueBcKa e npoAT,nxaBaJr Ha cenep20. Cregxaro eoficKr4Te Ha Teo(pu:rarr Boranwar ce npr4ABr4xvntr Han\ rrocroBeren Orpax4eHrrtv sao6zrorznrr orAqcHo, n rpafilra cMerKa c:brrlo r43Jre3Jrr4

B TrrJra ua 6rirrapure, Ho Mox{e 6u wa oKoJro 10 xu 3arraAHo or AeMara, B

pafiona Ha BJrr{BaHero Ha Crranr,rHcKa peKa B p. Crpyueuuvqazt.Tara ce crrarHiLrro Ao peurrreJrHoro cporeHrre s Knrcqrara Knr4cypa.

Ha29 rolu 1014 r., Ha pa3c:bMBane, o6xogrinre susaHrIaficrv orpflnr4 ,Sac-Bupvnu c 6ofiHu rpr6u rr rpoMrrerr.l". H[rqo Henolo3r{parqr.rre 6nmapcrusoftcri{ ce ora3aJrr4 rr3HeHaAaHr4 14 HeloArorBeHrr 3a Aeficrsvs. ,,ToraBaan:aurnfiqr{Te ce HaxB:bpnr{nrr B:bpxy -trx rr ru o6rp:txralu, eanr4 or rflxus6ustu, a Apyfr4 3aroBnJttt". Cera e 6nffara ce BKJIIoqI4JIa Ir ocHoBuaraeusaHrrftcra apMrnt HaqeJro c rrMrreparop Bacwmft IL llperpaxqenrrflTarrpr4 c. Knro.{ 6wmpazpyrrreHr4 r{ rrpeoAonerua. flo ro3ta Haqr4H 6tmapcrrz-re orpsAr4 n pafroHa Ha AeMara 6wstu o6caaeHrr u orK:bcHarrr or ocraHa-ruare 6urapcxra eoficKra, pa3rroJroxeHra n CrpyMrrrrrKoro nole. Cleg raroIIpeMr4Han nperpaArrre, B acvlttfr. II ce nacoq vrr Ha 3 arraA.,,B :spn efr rn raraflo fl:brf, rofr nocpeqHalT KoHHI,IqI4Te, KoIaTo ce ABLIxenu Karo crpaxta, r4

3aJIoBr4Jrr4 vrrx", pa3Ka3Ba,,llpogt,lxl,rrer.flT ua feoprz Monax"z2. TaKarlpl{Knroqr4n rlbpBrlrrr AeH Ha 6urrara.

Ha 30 ronu 1014 r. BoeHHr4re geficreur 6rurn nogHoneull. ,,flpogul-xlrreJurr Ha feoprra MoHax" rrr4rrre, qe r4Mneparop Bacznrafi II ,,ornonorp:brHan HorrIeM r{ Ha pa3c:bMBaHe BHe3arrHo Bptxnerfln B:bpxy rxx [6rnra-pnre]". Cera neqe ce BKJrroqr4:r aKTr4BHo u o6xogHuxr orpsl Ha TeoQu,rarrBoranlrar - ,,r4 cKpr4rrrrsr ce or Apyrara crpaHa crparer [ru nana4na,r] uocbrrlu.fl Haqr{H. Erlrapnre 6uttu zaaapeHr{ HeB:bopr,xeHr{ r4 Hepa3cbH enu v

1e Georgius Monachus Continuatus, c. 156.20 E. I-{elrxoa. Cpeduoaercoeuu 6oteapcnu Kpenocmu no doauuama ua Cpedua

Cmpyaa u Mecma. Cotfzx, 1981.2r f . Milrpne. Calryraronara Kperrocr-AeMa, c. 83.22 Georgius Monachus Continuatus, c. 156.

164 X]4II'IAA TOAI4HI4 OT EI4TKATA IIPI,{ 6EJIACI4IIA 14 OT CMbPTTA HA UAP CAMYfiN (I014 20I4)

ce BrrycHanv Ia 6tffar. Hacruu:r cpeA rqx cMyr r{ TpeBora r{ rBr,pAe ro-nfiM crpax. Te ue 3HaeJrr4 HaK:bAe Aa rp:brHar, ila1aril B peKtrre, AaBenr{ cev ce nz6veanv eaur Apyf". Cpaxeuuero 6luro crparrrHo. ,,8 perure BMec-ro BoAa rroreKJra Kpr,B6'23 (o6p.4). Or cnegeHuflTaHafroauCxn:ruqa craBar{3BecrHo, ue ,,Cauyull eIBa Moxan Aa ce cnacll or ru6el c noMoxlTa Ha

cvua ctt lfanplur-Pagolrr.rp], rofrro cMeJro or6:rtcean Hanalarqr{re. Tofr roKaqr,rJT Ha KoH 14 orBen B Kpenocrra HapeqeHa flpu.nen"2a.

i' --, "",, s *:- r dr. 1

j I t45h f i1'\F et f.q !a,d {1,r rq,;J.+ U.UrrS eili rlo {4.$' i r rr { Iii I I 'l{ " ''. '1"-. i{

f,riAiACI+ rear,trL, ".

O6p. 4 Bnrnara n K,rro.rKara KJrrrcypa. Mluruarropa or Barlrnaucnrlq rrpe,rrrrc Ha Xpouurcara or Koncraurn Manacu (XIV o.)

Tepnropua-rrHlrqr o6xear Ha BoeHHr.rre 4efrcrnnq [pe3 Bropr4q IeH e

6n:r sa 3arrag or Cauyu:roBara Kpenocr-AeMa, Hafr-Bepo-{THo AoK:bM cpeA-HoBeKoBHr,rre ceJra CexrapHllx u Moxpueno, HaK:bAero ca orcr:brrB mtt 6.sl-rapcKrrre eoficxr4. fropaan I4saHoe (1872-1947) nuure, ue e CrpyulrruKo e

6uro sana:eHo eAHo npegaHr.re, cnopeA Koero roBa cpaxeHr{e e craHa:ro B

23 Georgius Monachus Continuatus, c. 156.2a Ioannes Scylitzes. Historiarum compendium, c.284.

AOI] A P fEOPf 14 M]4TPEB. 3A CA\,1YI{-IIOBAT \ KPE NOCT 14 EI4TKATA B KJ'IIOqKATA KJII4CYPA. . . 165

pafroHa Ha c. MoKpueBo (cr. c. Marplleno)25. froaH Crumlqa e or6e:r-flsar:

,,Karo rrpeMr4Han npe3 rrperpanara ... r4Mneparop:br crr4rHa:r Crpyulrqa u3aBra,qqn Kperrocrra, Haperreua Marlyxllou, Korro ce HaMrrpana 6,ru:o goCrpyuuqa"26. TpyAHo e Aa ce ycraHoBr{ cr,c cr{rypHocr MecronoJroxeHu-ero Ha Maqyr<nou (Mauyxoeo?)27.

Creg MaqyKr.{oH nMneparop Bacvrnrfi II o6cagu:r u Crpyrr.tlurxaraKpenocr. Vcnexrr Ha Br{3aHruiiqrlre n Kurcqrara Knr.{cypa 6rur curypeu,Ho r{Mneparopbr He cMrraJr Aa ce Bp:brrla o6paruo [pe3 Heq, a Ia ce clyc-He rlo p. Bap4ap r:rnr ColyH. C rasu qeJl ,,rofr ilparun c eoi{cru r{ conyH-cKl{fl AyK Teo$r.rnarr Boranuar ... Aa My orBoprr }Ao6eu rr:br Kr,M Co,ryu... To:n rpbrHan u 6urapure, Kor.rro rra3eJru re3r.r Mecra, ro nporrycHanlI

,4a npeMr.rHe HaBc-flK'bAe 6e:npenxrcrBeHo rro rrbr_rr. Ho xoraro ce KaHeJr

Aa ce B:bpHe oTHoBo rrprr r.{MrrepaTopa, cnen Karo r.r3rrbjrHrlJr 3anoBeAr4Te

uy, rofr [orraAHan Ha rlocraBeHr{Te 3a ra3u uen 3acaAl{, qaKaxlr.r B eAHa

A:bnfa recHuHa"z8. Tyx, rarro Moxe Ia ce npeArronara, B flpoxoAa npl4

4H. c. KocryprrHo, MexAy Ee:racuqa r.r B:raryru, TeoSu:rarr Borauuar 6luo6ca4eu u y6vr. Cnopeg iloan Cxruurla Jrr.{qHo 6urapcrzar npecrono-HacneAHr.rK fanplr:r-PagoMr.{p ro r{3KopMrrn c Korrrrero cr.r. llpola4HaJr orru-r:br Ha nMneparop Bacutttfr II Aa oc:rrqecrBr{ 6np: ll:,ra: r'str Co:ryu, uoocobeuo rexKa:ary6a 3a Hero 6u,ra clmprra Ha eArrH or Hafr-go6pr{Te Mycrpare3r{ Teo$u:raxr BoraHr.rar.

Koraro Hayrrun 3a craHaJroro, Bacu:urfi II ceanril o6cagara Ha

Crpynruua 14 ce B:bpHan s Krroqrara Knr{cypa. Tyx 6utwt c.r,6paHr.r n :ra-repr.r nneHeunre 6:s;irapcx[ eoi{Hr.rqu cnopeA Kerasi\aeH 74 xwlxyu, a

crropeA i4oan Cruruqa wiloart 3ouapa - oKoJro 15 xultgv2e. Eguu raKr,BJlarep, cnopeA npeAaHr{ero, r{MaJro B MecrHocrra B:r:oeeq ilpr{ c. K,rroq30.

2s 14. I4eaHoe. Eelacuqrara 6rlrxa, 29 rcmr 1014 r. I4I4LIII (1911), c. 5-6.:6 Ioannes Scylitzes. Historiarum compendium, c. 285.27 Cnopeg ii. I4eaHoe Maqyruon e AHerrrHoro c. Mauyxoeo. BN. fr. I4BA,Hoe. Ee-

ttacuLlrama 6umrca, c. 9. Cnopeg B. 3,rarapcxu Mauyrono e nHerrrHoro c. MoxpaenoLIJIII rtT,K B M[HaJroro e r.rMaJ'ro e Crpylflilrrro Kpenocr Ma.ryrono. BN. B. H. 3,rarepcxu.tr4cmopun,Il2, c. 698.

28 Ioannes Scylitzes. Historiarum compendium, c. 285.2e Cecaumeni. Strategicon, c. 14; Ioannes Scylitzes. Historiarum compendium,

c.284; Ioannis Zonarae. Epitomae Historiarum Libri XWII, c. 188.r0 Munauoro na llerpu-l u llerpturu.ra xpaii. llerpuq, 1980, c. 54 (neu:ga4en

p:brorrrlc, cera e lI4M - llerprav).

t66 XI4I-SAA fOAI4HI{ OT 6llTK\T.{ IIPI4 EEJrACr4rlA I4 OT CMbPTTA HA rJAp CAMyUn (101+2014)

o6nagan or rHrB 14 xecroKocr 3apaarr cM:bprra na TeoOu,raxr BorasprarI,I l:bp3ocrra na 6rnraprrre, rlMneparop:br 3anoBflIalr rrJreHeHr{re ga 6tgarocJrerreHr4, Karo Ha BceKr{ 100 qoeera ocraBrtr rro eAr4H eAHooK, 3a aa rurnogu. Tona craHaJro [pe3 aBrycr 1014 r. 3a rasu rpo3Ha 14 Her{oBe[rKaxecroKocr, Heno4o6aBarr{a Ha xpzcrr4sHcKr4 BnaAeren , Bacunni4 II ocra-Han B r4croptrflTa c rrprKopa Ernrapoy6r4eu:br.

Tparuuuara cry6a na 6r-rrrapcKrrre rrJreHHwr\vnpvK,rroq AoBena 14 AocMr,prra Ha rlap Catryutt. Koraro Blznfln ocJreneHr4Te cuuoituu, rofi noly-ql{n c:bpAer{eH yAap 14 EBa a]E't4 rro-KT,cHo, na 6 orrorr.rnpra 1014 r., rroqrrHaJr.

Taxa npur.ruor{r4ro ylpaBneHr4ero Ha Calry.u - eHeprr4rreH BoeHaqarHrrK rr6urapcxu qap or 997 r. Ao 1014 r. lloc:regnqr4re or 6vrrcarae KnrcqraraKnr4cypa ce oKa3aJrr4 perxaBarqtr 3a 3aBnapBaHero na 6:smapcKara l:bp-xaBa B cneABanrr4re roIr4Hr4 u sa crg6ara Ha 6:slrapnre 3a Aecerr4nerr4{HanpeA.