ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF EGYPT

E DITED BY F. LL GRIFFITH

'J'WliJN'P V-b1ffa''l'l1 111 EJlfOI Ii'

ROCK T0111-3~ <JF

PAH'J' IV.

rrHE TO~IB-OHAPEL OF PEPI'ONKII TUE MIDDLE :SON OF SEBK~OTPE AXD PEKHEHi\"'""EFEHT (D, No .. 2)

lff

1.A.nl I.A Ytl()01( ~TUlHJNT O'.P l'.G1'PT•l\·9GY A'J' WORCJ..J~'l'lm ('01.l.F.Gh, llXl'OJ!il; T'OIWE!H.Y tlXl'ORI) WIVEl{~('1 \'" NITllHX'

R.'ESBAl!Oll SCFIOLAII; ONl:l 'l'Ull! SClliOLA It OF Qt;Em1's Col.l.V:l'lE.

WITH TWFNTY ~EVEN PLATES

(FIVe. PHOTOGRAPHIC)

<tlLll ~l

Tlilil OFFICES OF THE EGYPT KX.PLOfiATION SOClhlTY, 13, TAVISTOOK SQUARE, w. c., 1 ANO 603, Tu.~wi•r TE,1r:.11, Hoii·roN, MM!d .. U.S. A.

ALSO SOLD llY BERN ARD QUARITCH, I I, Ou.tP'l'Oll 8rnEE'l', l'faw BO?m STRr.f.lr, W.; HUl\.1PllHltlY MILFORD (OlCt>OIW UNTVEas1TY P1me1:1), Am:is Co111nm, JC. C:., ANU 2ll, WESL' S2ND ST1u1&t, NKW YouK, U. S .. \.

C. F. CT,AY (CAunm1m11: UNn·t:us11·Y Pnl",1!6)', l<'i,i•r1·1rn IA~>:, :m. C.; KEGAN PAUL, THENC11. TROBNEH & Co., GS-74, C.1.n•1•111t LANE, E. C;

GEOHGI" fiALBY, ti'1, 0Rlt';AT H ·e~r.u. S1•1n:Kr, W. C.

t~24.

CONTENTS.

LlS'r OF PLATBS JN THE rrEXT. WI'l'H REFERENCE TO THI~ PAGER ON WHJCH THEY ARE

DESCUIBED

THE 'I'o:mi-CIIAPEL OF PEPI'O)."XH 'fHE MIDDLE SON OF :SERKIIOTPE AND PEKIIERNEFERT

(D. No. 2).

Titles of J:>cpi' onkh

Title::; of Pcpi'oukh':-; H.ela.tious and Dependents

Members of Pepi' onkh's Family

Names or Pepi'onkh's DepeudeutR

Divinities

FestivalA

Pcpi<oukL the Mid<lle ana his Family

Description of the Tomb-cha1)el

INDEXES.

I . List of Authorities quoted

ll. General Index

ill. Egyptian Words (Selected)

l'AOI·:

Vll

1

3

6

10

16

17

18

20

55

57

60

PREFACE.

TUE ch-awings for this record of the tomb-chapel of Per)j•onkh the Middle, Hon of Scbkl)otpe n.ncl Pekhernefert, were made dm·iug the months of January to April 1921, but most of the photographs were taken in the Spring of 1913, shol'tly a~er the tomb-chapel bad been

unearthed by SEl'D BEY KHASHilEH. 'l1he whole of this Inst time that I was at MciJ' I sbarecl my cnmp with my sister, Miss W . S. BLACKMAN, who, as Oxford University Research Studeut1

was carrying on what have p1·oved to be most valuable nntbxopological investigatioUR among­the FellaMri. I had also residing with me five of my pupils, lads of from fifteen to cig·htecn years of n.ge, whom I wa.s prepn.ring for the University, together witb their tutor,

Mr. EDlrARD LIVEING of St. J oh11's College, Oxford. The last-named, since lte has become editor of Discovery, has devoted a great. deal of space in that aclmirable periodical to }\rtirles

on archaeological and antln:opological rese~m~b-work in Egypt. 'rha.t I wai:i able to record this large tomb in i.he spnce of time at my disposal, I o" c

<1lmost entirely to my sister, who1 on the top of her own a.rcluous work, undertook entire responsibility for the domestic well-being of this by no meaus sn:rn.11 establishment, keeping

t.hc accounts, managing the sei·vants, and most efficiently controlling· the commissariat, -not a light task in a desert-camp several miles away from the nero·est village!

I particularly wish to tender my thanks to my old pupil, lt'[r. D. J. V. FORS'.l'ER, now of

Pembroke College, Oxford, who devoted a great <lea.I of bis time to assisting me in ;111

111anuer of ways. Ilis are the photographs 2, 3, mid 4, on .Pl. XXIII., an<l. he is also

responsible for a large part of the ckawingA reproduced on Pls. XVII.-XX. To another old pupil, Mr. GEOFFREY OllAMBERS, now of Worcester Colleg·c, I a.m indebted for all the plans

and sections on Pls. I. and II., to 1\fr. J. ThL\R'r.rn-HARVEY of Christ Chm·ch for the sketches reproduced on Pl. XXVI., to Mr. Ro~A.LD FULLER of Merton College for uudertaJtiug lhe

general index on pp. 57- 60, and to Mr. GRIFFI'l'H and Mr. BATTISCOMBE GUNN for several vn.lua.ble suggest.ions. LasUy I must express my sincere thauks to Professo1· SETHE of Gottingen University

for the assistance he ha.s given me, not only in the elucidation of the two biograprural inscriptions (see pp. 23 foll.), but also in the l'endering of many ol' the little exphmatory inscriptions attached to the various figures, or groups of fig-mes, in the scnlptured and painted scenes. The extent of this assi~tance is, I hope, made fully clear in the following- pages.

I should add that by a most regretable oversight I omitted to record in the preface to Mei?-, iii, my grateful thanks to .l\ifrs. QurnELr. for so kindly making for me, while on a visit

ill my camp in the Spring of 1913, the colom·ed facsimile of the interesting· piere of wnll­decoration in tomb-cba1)el B, No. 4, reproduced on Pl. X.X:VllI of that work.

Oxford, December 4th, 1923.

AYLWARD M. BLACKMAN.

LIST OF PLATES wrrH REFERENCES 'rO THE PAGES ON WHICH THEY ARE DESCRIBED.

run:

I. II.

III. IV.

IV.\, 1.

IV A, 2. v, 1,

VI, 1.

VI, 2. VII.

VITI. IX, 1.

IX, 2. :x.

xr. XII.

XIII. XIV. xv.

XVI. XVII.

XYITI, J. xvm, 2. X.VIII, 3.

XIX, 1.

.SIX, 2. xx.

XXI, 1.

XXI, 2.

Pfan and section of 'l'omb-chapel D, No. 2

Plans and sections of north ;incl south buri~1l-clH1mbers nn<l shafts

Graffiti in forecomt

Forecourt: west wall: south and north of eutraucc to mnin i·oom

Forecomt: west wall: inscription on frieze

Biographical inscriptions ns restorecl and emended by Professor 8E'J'HE

2. Forecourt: west wa.11: north and south entl of' frieze

North. tbjckncss of cloorwn,y admitting to main roolll

South t.hickuess of doorway admit.ting· to main room

Main room: east wall: north of entrance: south cn1l n.ud above entrance

Main room: cast wall: north of entrance: north encl and mitl<lle

nfain room: west "·all: north side of fa<;adc-stela

Main room: north wall

Main room: north wall: two female harpists at west end of register 4 Main i·oom : west wall: inscriptions on fa<;.aJe-stelu

:\fain room: west wall: sonth side or fac;ad.o-stela.

)fain room: west side: north of doorway admitting to inner rnorn

Main room: west wall: sonth of doorway aclmitting to inner room

Maio room : south wall

Main room : east wall : soutl1 of entrance: miue.Ue and south cn(l

Maiu room: east wall: south of entra.nce: north end

South burial-chamber: north half of east wall

Nort.h buria,l-ch~imbcr: south wall of recess

South burial-chamber: south wa11 of recess

South burial-chamber: west wall of recess

North burin.1-chamber: west W}tll of recess

Hieratic inscriptions in north and south burial-chambers

South blU'ia.1-cha.mber: north wall of reCel)!S

Nort.h burial-chamber: north wall of recess

21, 22

46, 50 21, :J2

22-26

22, 23

23-2G 22

26

26, 27

27- 29 29, 30

30-33 31 trn

33, 34 34-3(i 36-40 40-42 42-45 45, 4G

50, :;1 49 52

51, 52 47-49

47 -49, 52

51 46

viii

rLATI'

XXII, ·1.

x...w, 2. xxm. 1.

XXIII, 2.

X,.;TIIT, 3.

XXlil 4.

XXIV, 1.

xxrv. 2. xx:v. 1.

LIST OF PLATES.

General view of Tomb-chapel D. No. 2 (Photog-rapb taken in March 1913) Carrying au<l threshing the corn

Pcpi•onkh in his carrying ehair watches the han·esting General view of Tomb-chapel D. No. 2 (Pbot.ograph taken in April 1921)

South wal1 and pa1·t of west wall of recess iu north burial-chamber

Maio rooru: part of west wall and doorwa.y admitting to inner room 20, 27.

Pitrt of scene of ploughing and sowing on west wall of main roorn Continua.Lion of a hove

Tethering stoue for victim and basin for CH,tcbing blood beside month ol' uorth shaft in main-chamber

XXV, 2. Sketch of recess in south buriaJ-chambci-

XXVl, 1. rrhe fru;a1le-stela and adjacent representatiou of the seven unguents XXVI , 2. Pcpi 'onkh receiving- the imposts on the herds of cattle and g-oats

PAGE3

20, 21

38, 39

38

20, 21

47-49

34-38

37

27 50-52

33 42

THE RO Cl{ TOMBS OF NIEIR.

PART TV.

THE TOMB-CHAPEL OF PEPl'ONKH THE MIDDLE

SON OF SEBKtfOTPE AND PEKHERNEFERT (D, No. 2).

ir ...Ji>, Baron n ncl Bashn. :: __.Q.......-Jl

:::<=:> ,,2..o' Ha.rou.

* _JJ}) ......--n' BaHlui.

~~, Who ii-; io tl1e Ulta.mber.

.PJ} ~, TI crcl imHrn of N ek b en.

t j ~' Obief Nckhchite.

lf1~, Chief .Jni-iticc.

~'Vizier.

TITLES OF PEPI'OXKH. I

PLATE.'>

IV A, I, XII, X\'.

XL

VI, 1, 2, Vlll. IX. XI, XIV, XVI.

rv A, 1, VI, 1, 2, xv .

IV A, 1, VI. l, 2, XY.

IV A, 1, VI, l, 2.

IV A. 1, Xll. XY.

~ <=>tof!§~. Huperiuteudent of the Scribes of the King's Uccurds. IYA, l, XY.

~ C\). Treasmer of the Ki11g- of Lower Egypt ..

~ [ ~~, Stnff of t.hc A pis.

<=> 0 , Month of Everv Butite.

'7 ~

~ <::::>~~, Superinteudcut of the Twu Gn\,n:tries.

IV A, 1. VI. 1.

IVA, 1.

IVA, 1.

IVA, L

1 'l'he order follctwetl is thM of the list on the frieze of tlic west wall of lhc forecourt (Pl. IV A, 1). '£he title~

not occnrriug in th:1.t list are 111arkctl witu au asterisk *· ~ See llocf~ 7"o111/)8 of 1.lleir, i, p. 18 footnote 1.

A.

2 THE ROCK TOMBS 01? MEfR.

~ <=>~0~, Superintendent of the Two Places of Pmiticatiou.'

~ <::::::> ~ (var. ~ Superintendent of tl.w Roya.I Domain.~ ~ :;:, Juclge and Nome-Adminish·ator.

1 fij,::::._: ~' Scribe of the Kingls Records m the Presence.

l ~' r11rca.s11 rer of the God.

~ f~, Draughtsman.

Pw:rr:s

IVA. 1.

IV A. 1, VII, I.X.

IV A, 1.

IV A, 1, VIII.

IVA, 1.

IV A, 1.

~ <=> l ~ ~ ~ ~ ijj o (var. ~ <=> / ~ ~ ~ ~ o ) , Super-

intendent of the Prophets of l;fathor Mis1ress of C11snc. IV, 1, IV A. 1, VI. 2, XL

*~ <=> j~, Superintendent of the Prophets.

* ]o~(~j ~' Prophet of Isis aud l;fatl~or.

*~ '}Jj~, Prophet of Horus and Seth.

*~~ 71~· Prophet of the Great Ennead.

* g""'~ ~ kl~, Prophet of Nwt (?).

~ m J &, Uhicf Lector.

VL 1, Vlil, IX. XI, XY. XIX, 2.

TV, 2.

IV, 2.

IY, 2.

IV, 2.

IV A, 1, XIV, 1, 2, XV.

*/fij-0, Scribe of the God's Book. XV.

':«!.r~(var.r~~) :;::~~'Over theMyste~·jcs of the ilousc ofthelVIorniug. IV, 1, VU.

~ ~' Seirn,-Priest.

:?.~ ~ <::::::71 Controller of Every Kilt.

'''~: Unique Personality. 3

'''\!, Rttle1· of the I;Iatl}.or-Pil1ar (bJt). 1

*itl.t::::J,l1ontroller of the Black: vase(?).';

IV...\.., l, Vl, 2, XV.

VI, 2, XV(?).

VI, 2.

VI~ 2.

VI. 2.

r ~ ~' Unique Companion. IV, 1, IV.\, l, V, 2, VI-IX. A1, XIV, XVI, XVII.

~ m j, Lector. TV, 1, IV A, 1, VI, 1, VUI.

~ <=> ~ ~ ~ Q00, Superintendent of Upper Egypt in the Midmost Nomes. IV A, 1.

I Not give11 in MUlllL\.Y, lndelC of Nam~ (l.1ld Titles of the ot,i Kingdom. ~ 8ee below, p. ~3, note 2. 0

Seo below, p. 27, note 1. 4 See below, p. 27, noto 2. r. See· below, p. 27, note 3.

nm '1'01\lB-CHA.PEL OF PEPl'Ol\KH 'l'llE :.\IIDDLE SON OF SEBKl_i01'PE AND PEKHERNEPERT. 3

Pr,,\'n:-:

~ <=> [*]-j ~,,) ::, Real Snpcrinteudcnt of Cpper Egypt. 1 YI, 1, XY.

i; Ln, First Under the King. IV, 1, IV A, 1, YU-IX.

:::t; m ~ l~J ~'First Under the King in the llom'lc of the Great One. .~n.

~ ~' Staff of the RekhJtt. IV, 1, IY A. 1.

filJ:t~~' Iwn-k1 -mwt.

)~ ~1 ~' Prophete~s of lVfo<et.

~ r ~ ~ MMM r L:, ~ 7 i ~' Onu· tltc Secrets of the Oommanding­

of Any Matter of the King.

~-{}-~i~~B~ ~' FaYonrite of the King· 111 Every Place of his.

TITLES OF PEPI'ONKU"S RELA1'TONS AND DEPENDF..NTS.

i 1. ~ <:::> ~ (?), Superintemlent of the Cattle ('?)

2. ~~ <=> fl~~' Superintendent of n. Depnrt.men1 of the rrenants

of the Great Hom~e. •

IV, 1, IV A, 1.

TV A. 1.

IV A, 1.

IV A. 1.

PLATES.

ITT. l{,.

XVI.

VIII. 3. ~~· Superiutenden1 of the F'ishcrs.

J. ~~'Steward. Ill, 2, VII, and '[)(tss/m.

5. ~ ~ MMM fl~~' Favourite Ste\vard of l1is Lord. VI. 1.

6. ~ <:::> ~ ~ [d, Superintendent of Land. lX, XV.

7. ~ <:::> 1~· Supcrintenrlent of the Prophets. J\~. 2, XU, XIV.

8. ~ <:::> j ~ ~· Superintcnclent of the Prophets of I:Iathor. X\.

9. ~ <=> ~: ~u1)erintendent of the Scribes. X\.

10. ~ <=> + fij, Superintendent of the King'R ScribeH. IX.

11. ~ c::::> fij~ ~~' Superintendent of the L~md-Srribcs. YITI, XY.

12. ~ <=>LJ'tof, Superintendent. of the Ganlcu. IX.

1 Sec below, p. 26, note 8. ~ i::ee G·AH!l[)IRJ! 1 Zeitsclwift fii.1· fi,gt(ptische Spntche, 45, pp. U!9 foll.; DAYIBS, Rock Tomb.~ of Rheikh S<ad,

I'!. .XXXI, p. ;34; Momt.At, op. cit., Pl. XX. A2

4 THE ROCK TOMBS OF ~rnrn

13. ~ <::::::> 7\ Gaug-8nperintendcnt. 1

14. ~ <::::::> Q, Superintendent of the 'l'oi]et.

15. ~ <::::> Jl...,._o~ -01 Snperinteudent of the Sea.Jing·.

16. ~~~ I ~1 , Im.l)-/Jt IJn . .. t. ~

1 7 . .tf!J (minu~, l Iercl1mmn. M.

18. ~~ ~0, H crdsnutn of the Tlumtet-cowR. ;i ..ft:!Jf'llV'IM/\O

19. 'h <::::> ~ ~ \ . .B, "'"'"''LJ 1 ~ 'I'he Sed~ of the Ei.;tate. \ o i:!.r~~ o '""""""o I~'

20. ~eoi!H0 1 Pbyh.1.rch. 0

21. <::::>' Month of the Book. c::!::J

22. + y, King's .Acquaintance.

23. j ~, Prophet.

24. ~ ~ j, Prophetess of .1;fatl.i01·.

R.

H.

PL.\T:E::.

XV, XYI.

VIlI, IX, XII.

XYI.

.x \'.

X.VL

xv .

IX.

XVI.

XY.

IV. 1, 2, XJY. ~'\Y.

XIL

xv. 25.(~~w (var.~) ~/~ 1 ~j~~C!f ~,Prophetess of J}atl.ior,

Mistress of Cui!ac. IY, 11

IX, XIV.

26. m ~ ~ ~' 't1hc Ka-servants. IX.

27. m I~ 0 ~ ~ ~' rrhe Jfo-r.;ervants of the Estate. XII.

28. iif :. rrow11-'0mclehs.

29. j 61 'Ow<leh of au 'Ezbch.

g. 30.

0 0 ~, lln::iician Priestess. NWWO .!J,/ IV. 2.

31. [~,~~]i (Yar . .:~~ ~), Musician-Priestess of J:fatl.1or. VII, IX.

D2. ~~""""""rt\9'==71+f e> Musician-Pri1::stess of Ffatlior, :Mistre~H of Uusae. o.!l.lo~Qw .. IV, 2.

1 See BlmAsTml. Anoic11t JlecQrcl:i, i, 2 8eo liolow, p . . J 0.

------------§ 522 = NEWllfllJ.llY, lle,111: lfa..Qan. i, Pl. vrn, line 16 .

3 See lloclc 'l'omlu of Meir, i, pp. 21

7 foll.

THE TOMB-CHAPEL OF PEPl'O~KH THE r.ILDDLE SON' 01~ SBB~OTPE AND PEKIJERNEFERT. 5

33. ~ m, Caterer.

34.~~' Director uf the Attendants.

35. ~ill J, Leet.or.

36. '{.; ill, FirRt im<ler the King.

37. ~i; ffi, First under the King of the Great llomm.

38. ill 1,l) GJ, Subordinate 1)f the Head of the.: Gnin:try.

39. ~' Judge.

40. ~ <t::>t, .Jndge and Nome-Adminish·ator. x:::::r

s.

Pw.n.s ·vrn, IX. XlV.

VIII.

v 11, VIII, L~. xn. x l v.

Ill, 2, IV, 2, VU-IX. XV.

VIII, L'{, XIU, XIV. XVI.

xv.

IX, XV.

VIII, XYll.

41. C"-:J~ <O=<t, Juclg·e and Nome-Administrator of the Grea.t House. oc==> :i::=r

IX.

-12. C"-:J ~, PhYKician of the Great House. <>-<=> 0 J

43. fij, ~cri be.

44.) ffl--°, Scribe of the King's Records. TIO~~

\~III. IX. Xll. XVI, XVII.

Ill, lb (?), xv.

xv.

45. :'.:'.l~~fQi, Scribe of the House of the Gotl's Book of the Great House. XVI!.

xv. 46. hi] ~ fij, 8cribe of the Temple.

-17. ijr~o (var. fij~), :N"omc- Scribe. Vlli. XIV.

s. 48. r V, Companion. ill. ~.

49. r~ ~0• 1, Uniqnc Companion. Vll-L'\.. XII, XIY. X\.

50. Lp ~, Companion of the (King's) Hon~e. IX.

51. ~ ~ (imiw p1), Seneschal. 1.\.

52. 1-&i ~ 0 Ll, (.foi.{w u:ltrt); ]Jaster of tJie Wha.rf. IJLh' <==> o ~

.Xll.

53. ! ~ ~ ~o ~ ~ /\NV\M ~, Confrctternity of tbe (Tomb-)Eslnte. [\..

M. r l ;=:, Inspector of the Washcrmen (?).

55 . r!I~ (vnr.,~rn, Inspector of Lhe PruphetH.

XY.

VU, VllI, XII, XIV, XV1, XVll.

6 THE ROCK TOMBS OF ~IElR.

56. r i rp, Inspector of the Ka-Servants.

5 7. r i \, 1 n~pcctor of the Artisans.

PLAl".LS

ill, la, 2, 3. VI, 1.

XIV.

58. rt B g. Inspector of the Ka-House. ill, lb.

59. rr:, Tuapcctor of the Physicians.

60. rlfij, lnApcctor of the Scribes.

YIII, IX, xrr, XIV, X\71L

XIV, XV.

61. rt~~~ o, Iuspector of the Drang·htsmen. VIII.

s. 62. i o _A, King's Gentleman. VII-L\.., XII, XIV-XYII.

63. +o },a., King's Lncly. BEADING UNXNOWN.

64. , &\). rrreasurcr of tbc God.

l\ \\IV

1. ~ ~, Subkhotpo 0 0 .

"·itb the "goocl

mime" of~ o~, Bepi (Pl. XV).

2. =:r~ (nw.~6 ~), Pekhernefort.

·with the "g-oo<l

name., of jj ~, Bebi (Pl. XV).

3. ~-~ ~ .:_

(var.o~~ o} MNoM) Khunnkh.

4.(~f-7: Pepi' onk Ii.

MEMBERS OF PEPI'O.KKH'B lfAMTLY.

Father. His father, First uucler the King (36), Super­intemlent of the Prophets (7).

His father, First n111ler the King· (36), Superinten­dent of the Prophets of Hn.tl.1.or (8), whose great name is '$ebkl.wtpe, honoured by the god, whoRe good name i1-1 ~l epi.

Mother. King's Acquaintance (22), Musician-Priestess (30),

his mother, King's Acquaintance (22) Prophetess

of J?:atl.t0r (24), honoured by her Mistress (~..) ~

o~~~r~)· @

Brother. King's Gentleman (62), his brother, lnspcctor of

the Prophets (55).

King's Gentleman (62), his brother.

Brother. Lector (35) King's Gentleman ( 62), his brother

J T/>c numboi·s in lmicli:ets :ire £hose of the list of titles 0 3-6 n pp. .

XIV.

X\I.

Pr .. \Tr::s

lY, 2.

xv.

XY.

VUI.

XIl.

XIL

. 'T'HE T0~1B-011APET, OF PEPI'ONKH TTIE Ml])DLE SON OF SEBK}.IOTPE ANT) PEKllERNEFim:r. 7

NAilll

5. ~ l A f1 r, Ptal.t-shcpses l.

6. ~~~O g1c,

P tal.ishepscs II. 1

'7. ( 0 0 ~ ~ ) f ~ c=J,

Ni' en khpiopi the Blark.

8. ~ o ~ , TJepi.

~ 9. ~ '

0 0 Sebckl.iotpe I.

c:::::!!:::::. 10.~ I

oQ Sebckl)otpe 11.

11. ~::i~ (var. t:~ ~ 0 ), ~ctya'l.1 1 with

the "good nru.uc"

of E}i(var.Bo~, ~~ ) , }?:etit.

12. o~~ l \t(= ~, Ukh]:ienen.

'!'11'LES A:-ID ~TTJUBUTES

Brother. J:l,irst under the King (36), his brother.

Brother. First under the King (36), his bi·other.

Brother. King·s Gentleman (62), bis brotbe1·.

Brother. Finit under the King (36), his brother.

Brother. First. under the King (36). Superintendent of Land (6).

PL.\l'ES

lX. (reg­ister 5).

IX (reg­ister 4).

IX (reg­ister 4).

IX (reg­ister -!).

IX (reg­ister 5).

Brother .. Judg·e ~tn<l Nome-Administrator of the Great L~ (reg-

Wife.

Son.

House, (40) ltis brother. ister 5).

His wife, his beloYecL, Kiug-'s Acquaintance (22) Prophetess of J?:atl.tor Mistress of Cusae (25)

His wife, his beloved, King's Acqua.intance (22)

:Musician-Priestess of J?:atl:wr :Mistre!'ls of Cnsae

(32).

lV, 1.

llis wife, his beloved. V, 2. His wife, his beloved, Musician-Priestess of

~atl.wr (31). VII. Prophetess of I.:fo.t4or Mistress of Cusae (25),

Ki11g's AC'quaintancc (22), his wife, his beloved., Mnsicia.u-Priestess of ~at~or (31). 1 X.

King'A Ln.dy (63), King's Acquaintance (22), Pro-phetess of ~atl)or ~listrcss of Cns:ie (25). XIV.

King's Acquaintn.nce (22), Prophetess of i:rail.wr (24). XY. xvn.

Ki.ug"H Ac(1uaintn.nce (22), Prophetess of ~all)m, :Mistress of Cnsae (25). xv.

H onoll red by the great god. XVIll, 1, 3, XL~, 1.

His son, bis beloved, First under the King (36).

First under the King (36).

xv. XIV.

' There were evideutly two brothers numed Ptal)Shepses Rud two named Scbkl.i.ot.pe, just ns there were tbl'ee named Pepi'onkh (see Rock Tr11n1Js of Meir, i1 pp. 9 foll .).

2 See belowJ p. 41, with note 7.

..

s THE ROCK TO)fBS 01·' \lEIR.

N,ura ST.\.TUS TITLES A:\» AT1'1UDCTES PLATE.'-

13. ([ODJQQ) [f ~' Son(?). 1 'Omdeh of an'Ezbcb (29), "Gnique Companion (49). XY.

Pepi'oukh. with 1he aclclitional name

of !LJ~~' Ncfer-

k:a.i. ~-?- NWW\ 14. • • • • ~ / m e Son.

.... «mkh.

15. (DO ~Q) """""f ~ Eldest .c::i. Son. Ni'cnkhpiopi the

Black, also

named ~ o ~ L:::J,

~Iepi the Black

16. (OD QQ}.-"""'f 7, Son.

Ni'enkhpiupi, with the a.dditional name

or ~ o ~ !VJf., ~epi the Reel.

17.} ~ ~~. Son.

'OmdcL of au 'Ezbeh (29),

Unique Companion ( 49). XlY.

His son, FiTs1· under the King (36), Superiutemlen1·

of Lmul (6). XY.

His son, First m1<ler t.hc King (36), Uniq_ue Com-pu.nion (49). Vil.

First under the King of the Great House (37), Uni<1ue Companion (49). VUI. JX

His eldest son, his beloved. Gnique Compan­ion (49), Buperintendent of the Prophets (7).

r nique Companion ( 49). Superintendent of

(register 5).

XII, XIY (right).

tbe Prophets (7). .XIV (left).

Ffrst, under the King of the Grent House (37). XVU.

His son. Lcctor (35). Uniq1rn Companion (49). VIL First under tbc King of the Great

House (3'7), Unique Companion (49). ' His son, his beloved, Unique Compan-

ion (49), Lector (35).

Unique Companion ( 49), Lector (35) . • Judge and Nome-AUministrator (L10). His son, his beloved, King·s Gentle-

man (62), Pbylarch (20) . First under the King (36).

rx (register 5).

XlV (ri~ht) .

XIV (left). XVIJ.

Xl\. Khunukh. 18. 0 c:=:> f <=>

c::=i <=::> 6 0 Daughter. His daughter, bis beloved. L"\. (register 4).

( V<lr. ~J ~), Peshernefert (vn.r. Pekherncfert).

J 9. ~ ~ ~ o, Mcrtit.

otic 20. , 'T'et.

0

Titles, if ever "ritttn: destnn·ed.

lffis] daughter.

Daughter. His daughter, his beloved.

Ilis daughter, K.ing:'s Acquaintance (22). Wife of His (~-Iepi t.he B1ack's) 11 wife, his belo•ed. no. 15.

----- --

XIY.

X\'.

TX. xn. XIV.

1 Uc stands hce.ide ~etya'l.t along with UkhQ.encn, who is definitely lnhcllerl "his (i. e. Pepi'onkh lhc J\fiddle's) son " .

~ The nnme hus boen destroyed1 but Neferkni is the only rclo.tive of Pcpi'onkh the Middle with the tiUe "'Orndoh of nn Ezb<'h ". 3 She is 11ented just be1<itle Ho1>i the Bluck.

TIII~ 'l'O~IB-OUAPEL OF PEPI'ONKH THE :\llDDLE l'ON OF SEBiqJUTPE AND PEKHERNKFERT. 9

'l'rrLEs AXD ArntmuTEs PLATES

21. !LJ~ ~, ~eferkai. Sou. of His (J?:epi the Blacks) no. 15. son.

XIV.

'N .&e. D f't t ·-· ~, _u e,. 0 0

23. b LJ~ ~' Neferkai

24. B ~ o, Hetit.

25. ~ o ~, Hctit. ~

26. (8~~)f1-;1, Pepi'onkh.~

27. B ~ o, \1ctit. 1

28. (8 ~~ ) ~ ~, Pepi'onkb.

29. ~.)~. lrua.

30. jj ~' Bebi.

31. m:mr ~· [Pep]i'onkh.

32. (8 ~~)f ~· Pepi'onkh.

~~3. (B ~~)f ~' Pcpi'onkh.

"4 4

"1:.. 0 n :Jlcrtetefa.

i) ' . <=>~I"

''5 "'<:::r... 0 r) J\fortctefa.

iJ • <=>~ I '

Da.ughter' ofNo.15. XJV.

Son of No. 16 r Ying·s Gentleman (62). .XIV.

D<rngliter of No. H> '? King's Aequaintance (22). "~n· ; '\..l ' •

'( King's Acqua;inta.nce (22). XIV.

King's Gentleman (62). XIV.

XIV.

llusbandofNo.19'? King's Gentlcm<l.D (62). X.IV.

i\Iale Relative. King's Gentleman (62). XV (right).

~~emale H.elativc. Kiug's Acquaintance (22). XV (right).

XV (right).

}fale relative. King's Gentleman (62). :X\ (right).

:l\lale 1·efati ve. rritle c1estroye1l. XY (right).

Female relative.

Female relative.

36. ~;::=:::) t,) ~' Methsuma. ,; .Male relative.

King's Acquaintance (22). XV (right).

King's Ac<1uaintance (22). XV (right).

Sorihc of the Temple (46). XV (right).

37. ~W ~, Nuber~is.

38. ~ 0 ~I l_lcpi.

39. ~~ ~' I.lemi.

40. nj~d::,, tiebkhotpe. I' ~oO ·

41. ==:~, rl'hetu.

Female relative.

Perhaps identical with no. 8 and

therefore a. brother. Female relative.

Kinµ;'s Acquaintance.

First under the King (36). llenlsman of the T!tentet­

cowR (18). King's .t~cquaintance (22).

XV (right).

xv 0·ight).

~"V (right).

Perhaps identical First under the King (36). XY (right).

mth no. 9 or 10 cl.ncl

therefore a. brother. )[ale relative. King's Gentleman (62). XY (right).

1 Appnrently so. She is seated beside J;Iepi the Black und bi:; wife. 2 l~ithcr wife of no. 12 beside whom she is sitting:, or elRo nn otherwise unmentioned dattgliter of Pepi'onkh the Middll!.

» Either Pepi'onkh the !\fiddle's son, and indentical with no. 1 :J or 14, 01· else bis son-in-law nnd the bnsband of

no. 181 beside whom he is ~cated. 4 EiU1er wife of no. 26, beside whom she is seated, or if 110. 26 and l 8 are hnsbancl and wife, their daughter.

5 See below, p. 40.

10

42. Name desh·oyed. 43. Name destroyed.

N.um

44. 6 Tr, Nefcriru~, ·with the" g-oocl name 11

of := ~ ],ufi.

45. ~ ~' Meri.

nm ROCK TOMBS OF i\IEIR.

SuTUS TITLES A...\U A1".1'1unoTES

Male relatiYe. King's Gentleman (62). Female relative. King's Act1uaintance (22).

RELATIVES OF I~ETYA'lf.

STATUS 'l'JTLES ANJ) A'fTlllBUTES

Mother. Iler mother.

Uncle. Brother of ber father.

PL.\ TES

XV (right). XY (right).

XV (left).

XV (left).

46. ~ ~' J~eri. B1·otber. Her brother. tl1eLector(35). IX (register 3).

47. ~ri<=>, u~er. Mnle relative. King's Gentleman (62).

48. ~ ~, Intef. 1Iale relative. Title destroyed.

49. o~~, Khui. l\fale relative. Fixst m1der the King (36).

50. ~~~o. Qemit. Female rclu.tiYe. No tit le.

NAMES OF PEPI'ONKll'S DEPENDENTS.

51. ~ ~ ~ ~' lul)i.

52. ~ vj~~' lbenmut ('?).

53. * ~ ~' Ibdi.

54.1 ~q~: Iuy.

I

'l'rrLES A'NJ) AT'J'RIDUTES

Inspector of tlie Ka-8orvants (56).

Inspector of I.he Artis<ins (57).

An agriculi ural ln.bo urcr with uo title.

An agricultural laboUl'cr with no title.

f>5. ~ T :::::.,A.uup"eukbnef. Steward (4).

56. ] ~, Iutef. 'ritle obliterated.

57. ~Z~~ji~, Intefidu. Inspector of the WaAhermen ("?) 1 (54).

58. ~ -<:2>- ~' Iri.

59. ~-<Si>-~' Iri.

60. ~::rt Irnes.

Cater er (33).

Uu<lcr the Heacl of the Granary (38).

Caterer (33).

1 Soo below, p. 12, with footnote 2.

xv Oeft).

XV (left).

XV (left).

XV (left).

III, 3.

XIV.

XIV.

Xl\~.

IX (register 5).

XIY.

~Y.

L"'\. (register 5 ).

xv.

IX (l'eg-ister iJ:).

'l'IIE TO~IB-CHAPEL 01'""' PEPl'O~KH THE ~IIDDLE SOX OF SERK~IOTPE AND PEIUIER1\EFERT. 11

61. ~ = ~ · facsi.

62. ~ ~ jn. Tel.

63. ~~ ji ~ ~, lcly.

64. ~ ~ §n ~ ~' l<ly.

65. ~ ~ j ~' Jtln.

66. ~ .. ... . 1 ... .

67. ~ "'; f '\-.' tEnkh~1ttf.

68. fl ~ 6· Watlnefer.

69. ~ ~ ~· Uiu.

70. ~ .:=n r. \Vn.'. ~ - ~ ~ ~Q ,...,.,.,.,,. t1 · Jr' 0 T .:::::=:- I ~'

Ukhmer' eukhef.

72.)? ~ ~~~. Ukhemsaf. {J ~ -

Trrr.F.;:; .L'i.L> ATrmnuTFS

Judge (39) and Month of the Book (21).

King,s Gentleman (G2), Stcwarcl ( 4).

No Title.

.An agriculturtLl fabourcr with no title.

Inspector of the Washcrrocn (?) ' (54).

Judge (39), Scribe (43).

Superintendent of the Scribes ('r) (U).

w. Stewnrd (4), Ca1erer (33).

Superintendent of the Land-Scribes (11).

Inspector of the Prophets ( 55 ).

[Inspector] of the Prophets (ii5), Stewar<l ( 4).

First under the King of the Gre<tt House (37). Inspector of the Prophets (55), Steward ( -!).

Inspector of the Prophets (55).

Pw:rus

XY.

IX (register fl).

IX (re6ristcr 3).

xrv. xv.

xv.

xv.

IX. lregister 3).

XY.

XY.

X.Il.

XIV.

XYlf.

72 A. \ I& ~ _JJ;;. Ukhcml~et. A steersman with uo t.it,J e ~"CJ~~

XVT.

73. j ~ Ll Q, Ba~.

7 4. j ~ ~ Q, Ral~e~.

'"'f:. on u- . w. 0

'1' nop1.

'"'6 oo rr- . 1 c . . 10p1, a so o . --

named c~.:§:lD r·"""""' j. Pepisonb.

77.~r~J, Pepii:<oub. ~

78. ~~_Ao 110

Ptal_lsbcpses.

1it ~~ft ,[1 ~ic P.tti.~u~llf}lflf.R .

1 Sec below, p. 42 wi t/J ndtc 2.

B. I

King's Gentleman (62). xv.

Caterer (33). YUL

P.

King's Gentleman (62). IX (reg·ister 5).

Kiw.(s Gentleman (62), Inspector of tLe Prophets (55). Vll. XYJ.

King's Gentleman (62).

Steward ( 4 ).

J~[aat.er nf .th.c ~iVl1.0JJ J.P~).

1 See befow, 11. 43, noce 4.

IX (register 3).

IX (register 4).

XU. - - -------

•7 Perhaps fderitfrm.I witli rt1J. 76. 132

l~ THE ROCK TOMBS OF MEIH.

PWT.ES

F.

80. := ~' Fen. King's Gentleman (62). XII.

81. ::= ~, Fcfi.

82. ==~~A, Fefy.

Superintendent of the Garclen (12). TX (register r;).

inspector of the Ka-House (58)1

S11pcrinteudent

of the Oattle (?) (1 ), Scribe (?) ( 43). ITT, 1 b.

83. ~~~~I J\ifemy. Snrne person ns Nicenkh­

khnun1, No. 91.

M.

84. = ~' l\tieui . A henlsman with uo title. X\l. X\'U.

XYl.

85. [~? J ~' 1Icrer. Superintendent of the Land-Seri bes (11 ). XY. 86. ~ ~ ~· Emruri. Steward ( 4 ).

(IX register 4). 87. ~~~, Emrori.

88. ~ c=:i, Mesh.

Title destroyed, probn bly a Superintendent of the Scribes. XY.

89. ~~T' Emsheth.

90. ~ ~ T' Emshetli,

also narued ~ <::::::> ~, N etri.

King's Gentleman (62).

King's Gentleman (62).

No title.

N.

91. 5"""'-'Wlf(n1J"5"""'-Mf :_die Physician of the Great House (42).

5-::•ie f' 5 f ~ """""'' Physician of the Great Roul'le ( 42).

5 MMN. f ~), Ni'enkh- Inspector of the Physicians (59).

khnum, also named Physician of tlic Great House ( 42), ~ ~ ~ ~· i\Iemy. Steward (4).

XVI.

IX (register 4).

XYIJ.

YIII (behind Pepi•onkh).

VIU (register 2). X\'11.

L\. (register 3).

Inspector of the Physicians (59). IX (register 4).

92.:: j ~' Ncbi.

93. =~ ~' Ncby.

94. MNNI Jr~, Nebsu.

XIV, XJI, XIV, XVI. Lector (35), Physician of the Gren.t House ( 42). IX (rcgistel' 5). An agrjcultµral labonrer with no title. XlV.

Under the Head of the Granary (38).

Prophet (23).

XV.

XII.

TIIE TOM13 CHAPEL OF PEPl'ONlill THE MlDDLE :;ON Ol·' SEBKI.lO'l'PE AND PEKJ:lERNEPEH.T. 1:3

N.nrn

95. i::;:. Nefer.

96. r;~, Ncferibc1.

97. b ~ i ~ ~· Ne:foril.Ly.

98. !J~~O (var. 6J ~~), Neferba~t..

H9. f j 0• Neferbctek. 0 LI' .

100. fTJ ~ ~ Ncforhor. -0 <::::::> 1 ' •

101. = ~~. Ncnki.

102. ~ db . Niklmcm-v Q 01ic

l.10tpe.

103. ~<::::::> ~· N etri, Same person ns Emsheth .

.No. no. 104. ,<::>~, ~ctri.

105.~~~~o, ?Jedcmih.

106, MNM ~ ~ ~!:, (var. MNv'I' ~ t~ o), Nedem.lb.

King's Gentleman (62).

An agricultural labourer witl1 no title.

A woodman with no title.

8teward ( 4 ).

PLATES

Ylll.

XI\·.

S.I\'.

Xll. :\.V, XYL

Superintendent of t.he rr'oilet (L4). Steward (4). IX (register 5).

Ju<lge (39), Superintendent o!' the Scribe:; (?) (9). L'\. (behind Pepi' onltl1 ).

King's Gentleman (62). XlV.

Steward ('?) ( 4 ). IX (register :>).

xru.

Inspector of the Prophets (i>5). XII.

Steward ( 4). IX (reg­ister 3).

Superintenrlcnt of the Toilet ( 14). X Tl. XY I1.

H.

107. ~ ~0 b• Heruncfer. Gang·-Superintendent (13). X\'I.

l,l

108. f W~1~, 1 J.foisbtef. No title. but probably an 'Onulcl1. .XT.

109. ~ 0~; I,lepi. First under the King (36), .Judge an cl

Nome-Administrntor ( 40). VIII.

110. ~o~, I_Icpi. King's Gentleman (62). VUI. IX (register 3 )·

111.~o~, r.Iepi. King's Gen.tlemau (62), Scribe ( 43). X\'.

112. l 0 ~' IJepi. Attendant beside ]Jetya'l.i's chair wit.L l\O title. IX.

~- - - ---------l See below, 11. 411 note 2.

14

NAME

113. ~ ~ ~· J:f emi.

114. ~~MM"'~' I:feui.

115. i ~ ~'~~, ~eny.

116. ~ '(U = ~' ~eneni.

118. r::?c~?], J.?:enlc[·ru?J.

119. ii~· ~el.1i.

120. ~ ~ ~' J?:ekni.

121. r~ ~ ~' IJekny.

122. d:::in. Hotpi. o ol.\ ·

120. ® ~~' Khui.

124. ~r.i ~ ~~ YoMM (var.

() ~ ~ @ ~ MMM ),

Khunukb.

Khmrnkh the Eldest.

THE ROCK TOMBS OF MEIR.

'J'I'l'LES Al\'1) ATTHIBUTltS

Inspector of tbe Ka-Servants (5G).

Ilerdsman (17), Gang-Superintendent (10).

Titles destroyed.

Ill. 2.

xv.

XII.

First under the King (36), Superintendent of the L::n1d­

Scribes (11 ). YTIJ.

inspector of the Ka-8ervants (56), whom his lord loves. III, 3.

xv. King's Geutlemm1 (62).

Au ngricnltm·al hihourcr with no title.

King's Gcmtleman (62), Steward (4).

An agricultural la.homer with no title.

....\n agricultural labutlTer with no title.

:(!.

Companiou ( 48), Fll:st under the Ki11g· (36). Steward (4), 'Ilonoured by his Lord. cloing­wha.t he praises. what he desires.

King's Gentleman (62). King's Gcutlenrnn (62). 8teward (4), Tnspector

of the Ka-Servants (56). Superintendent. of the Toilet (14).

Lector (35). King's Gentlema.u (62).

XIV.

IX (register 5).

XIV.

I XJ\'.

l X (register n ).

ID. 2. VIL

IX (register 5 )· XII.

.X.Yll.

l26. :'.:o~~, Khunro·. King's Gentleman (62). L""- (register 4).

127.e~~ @~t~» Nome-Scrihe (47).

Khusaukh.

128. ~~o~1 Khuti.

129.a,~o~, Khut.i .

King's Gentleman (62).

Steward (4).

130. ~~~' Khenuncs. 1 Steward (4).

1 Seo below, p. 32, n11te 5.

XI\'.

lX.

IX.

IX. (register 4).

TUE TO~IB-CHAPl.!:L OF PEPI'O~KR TIIE MIDDLE SON OF SEBKJ;IOTPE AND PEKHERNEFERT. 15

H.

131. ~~(var.~~.), Vo 0 VO 0110

Superintendent of the 'I'oilet (15). IX (register 5). XVIl.

Khneml,1otpe. s.

MNW' I

132. "=" [;:J Sebku[akl.ttJ. lmy-b,t /Jn . .. t (16).

133 . ..-~ i \!f =' Sebk- An agricultural labolll'er with no title.

1.icncn.

134. r ~ b' Scfokbnefor.

135. r~ !' Sefekhnefer. 1

136. r~.......,.,. j, Sonb.

I:.l7. r-j ~' ~ Scnbi.

138. r-!· Sesuefor.

139. r~ T 7, Seti' onkh.

140. 14 r r, Shopscs.

Superintendent of tlte King's Scribes (10).

Caterer (33).

Superintendent of a Department of the Tenants of the Great Ilousc (2).

King·s Gentleman (62). Steward (4) .

Seneschal ( 51 ).

An agricultural fabomer with no tit 1e.

s.

IX (register 5).

IX (register 4), XlV.

XVI. YII.

IX (regiRter 4).

XIY.

Snp<:::rintende.nt (? or Inspector '?) of the Scribes (9). xv.

~· 141. wr1, Jpsuser. ~tewa:rd (4). IX (register 5).

IX (register 5). 142. ijf ~~~, ~Gsemsaf. King's Geutlcmn.n (62), Stewttrd (4) .

143. ~ ~' I~eri .

144. u~::++o Kumthenent.

King's Gentleman (62), Companion uf the

(King·'s) House (50).

K.

Lector (35), Inspector of tlH: Dn111ghtsmen (61).

L\. (register 5).

Ylll.

Lector (35). L\: (register 3).

Scribe of the King's Rccordl:l ( 4-!)1 Jn<lge (39), Superintendent of the Scribl's (9). XY.

Scribe of the House of the God's Book of the Gre~\t Ilouse (45). XVII.

1 Jfa :1ppe11rs twice in the s11me register, as an nttend1tut bcsic.le his mistress' chair, and assisting at tl1e cuLtiDg

UJJ of ttn OZ:.

s r p11.i11ted over the ~

16

145. C\ Q. MMM NWW>

"'-- I • '""---' Ter eukhnef.

146.~j~~, 'l'efsncwcf.

THE ROCK TOMB::; OP MEIR.

Trrr.E:> .\.:m ArnuntiTES

T. An agricultural labourer with no title.

An agricultuntl labourer with no title.

147. (illf ~' 'T'eti'onkh. King's Geutlemau (62).

:r. 148. ~""""""' ~' 'l'baui. Inspector of the Ka-Servants (56), who <loes

what his lor<l praises. 1-19. =~ ~l~,rrliia ... iy. King's Gentleman (62).

150. ~~, 'T'hefi. Caterer (33).

lf>l. =>? ..>~~ ' l'hcmn (?)

Superintendent of the Toilet (14).

152. m IT:"""', .... 'onkh. Man with DO title punting- p<tpyrus boat.

IX

IX

L'\.

153. Name cltstroycd. Superintendent of the Fishermen (3), First under

154. N:imc destroyed. 155. Nmuc purposely

obHtcrn.ted. 156 .... . . 0 .... .

0

157. Name destro.ted. 158. Na.me destroyed. 159. No name.

No name. 160. No name. 161. ~o umue.

DIVINITY ..

rhe King (36), Nome-Scribe (47). First uuder the King (36), Scribe ..... King's Gentleman (62), Steward (4).

)

fir1,.y-bt !Jn ... t ( 1 &). firnJ)-/Jt b:n . .. I ( 16).

Judge (39), ::)uperinteu<lent of the Scribes 2 (9). l:)uperi:uteudent of the 'J1oilct (14). Buperintendcut of the 'l'oilet (14). Director of the Attendants (34). Superintendent of the Scaling (15).

RELIGION.

D rvrNITIES.

XI\'.

XlV.

lJ L, la.

(rco·ister ~ ") o.

(register 5).

(regi~tcr 3).

\II.

\HJ. \'IU.

IX.

xv. xv. xv.

Vlil. \'Ill. \'HJ. X\ J.

~""';, ~, Auubis.

T!TL:ES A'.\'T) A'f'l'RlBU'l'ES

P_:, whu is on his Lm. XI, XVIIl. 1, 2. XIX. 1.

®~Jl ~ 0~ V wbo is on his hill, "l..c,..._ u .l!'o='P

within Ut, lonl of the high lund. :i - -- ----------------

XJX, 2.

' I ott\\ tJ ace:;; v l' wlla L looked ltlce IVVVVV'> in 1n1ddle of the cnrtouche.

comes in tl1e wrong pl!lce. 2 See below, p. 41, note 6. The name cannot be i\Ie.rncre' as the f\/VVWI

3 Sec below,. p. 22, note 6.

THE TOMB·CHAPF:L OF PEPl'OXKTI THE :\UDDLE SON 01~ SBBKl.JOTPE A~D PEKHERXEFER'I'. 17

DITIXl'l'Y

!1

the JJatl.1or-Pilla.r <·allecl bJt (i. e. female

boi or 11 sou1 ")

1Ji, Osiris.

0 ~ ~ the Gren.t Ennead. o~ o'

,) ~ ~' M<''ct.

~lt, t·ltc Gold(-god). 1

~~1ic. Nut (?).

j ~' the gocl (i. e. the sun-god).

j ~ <><=>1 1 ~' 1 he gTen-t god (i . e. the sun-god).

i~~, Apis.

(§J, ~~· ~atl.1or. ':: t!J o (var. I[ o), Mistress of Cns:te.

FESTIVALS.

CQg. the festi,·al of Sokaris.

~ 1 Q., the llent.

f V, the Opening of the Year. 0

y f: y f ~' f Il ~' the First of the Year.

fl ~· the W1g-fcstiva1

~ ;;, the fesr.ival of '1'hoth.

IJ:J6~ ,~, the goodly festival jn the vreseuce oft.he grcn.t. gocl.

- ---- - - - - - - ----1 Sec below, p. 31~.

lY. 2.

VI, 2.

XI.

lV, 2.

lX (register 4).

IY, 2.

l\'. 1. line~ 5. 11. IV. 2, 1ines 5, G.

l \ .. , 2. line 3. X1.

IVA, 1.

Passim.

1 V. 2, l.S:. (register 4).

IV, 2.

IV A. 1, XL

IV A. 1.

IV A. 1. X.l.

IV A, 1. TI.

IV A, 1. Xl,

· rv A. 1, xi.

IV A, 1.

c

18 THE ROCK TOMBS OF MEIR.

PEPrONKH rrHE MIDDLE AND HIS FAMILY.

Pepi•oukh 1he Middle, feudal lord of the fom-teenth nome of Upper Egypt, and Super­iutendent of the Prophets, i. e. high-priest, of

the loca 1 <1ivinity I):atbor, wa.s the son of Sebkl.1otpe and Pekhernefe1-t. Sebk~otpe, who

bore the additional name of ~epi, had himself been ruler of the nome in question ;md hig·h­pricsi of ~fatl.ior, 1 his wife P ekhernefe1't, a.lso known as 13ebi, having, of course, in her c~t­

pacity of wife of I;latl;10r's high-priest been that goddess' chief musician-priestess.~

Sebkl)otpe seems to have had ten son::i, th1·ee of whom were calle<l Pepi'onkhs,-Pepi'onkh the l\foldle, as hil" name indicates, being the seconu of these three in point of age. Of the rcmaiuing seven sous, two bore the name of Ptal)shepRes, and two that of Sebk1.10tpc, the others being· called Khnnul:h, Ni'enk.hpiopi the Black, and I):epi. There was possibly also an­other t:ion named Ni·enkhkhumn. t

l'epi'oukb 1L.c Middle bore three names. In the eight verti cal lines of inscription a,t the bottom of the fa<;ade-stela in room 0, be 'is

lLhenmtcly designated Pepi'oukh the Middle :mcl Ncforka (Pl. XI). Nerferka appearing as his principal name, and Pepi'onkh the Mitlt.Ue

north thickness of the doorway between the forecourt and room C (Pl. VI, 1).

'"fhe name Neferka indicates that its bearer was born during the reign of Piopi II, Sehk­l~otpe, Pepi'oukl/s father, having apparently be<m boru durii1g the r eig·n of Piopi I. 0

Pevi<onkh the Middle held the high office of vi~ier, awl there is some~hing to be said for the sngg·estion in Rock Tombs of Mefr, Pu.rt 1, p. 10, that when he received this irnportaut appointmcut, his younger b1·other, the owner of tomb-chape1 A, No. 2, also named Pepi'onkh. succeeded him as local ruler of the nome. Pepi•onkh the Middle was also Chief .Ju!{ti<:e (s;b-sbl:}ty [~]),';-an office regular!} held along "ith the vizicrship '- and Superintendent c~(

Upp&r Eg!Jpf. 8 to which title in both case~

where it occurn1 is attached the ath·ibnte Rea{,

as is not infrc.:queut <ltu-ing the latter part. of t.lrn Old Kiugdom, both in the case of this and other titles.~ Pepi•onlch is also once <le:-iig·­natcd Supe1·intendent of Uppe1· Egypt in thP Jl{idmost Nomes, 10 u.s though hi1;; j urisdictio11, in this particular cap::i.city, did not extend onf­

R1uc Middle Eg)1)t..

as his " good na.n~e, ,. on the west wall of the r, See Rock Tombs of JJfdr, i, Zoe. cit.

forceourt north of the entrance to room C 1• .Por this reading of tJ3 see Em11A~-G1tAPow A.gw1tiflrlt,.,;

(Pl. IY, 2). On the other hand, Pepi'onkh the Ilw1d11:iirterbucl1, p. 142 .

.Min<lk always seems elsewhere to be assigned 7 E. g. SmuF, U1·kw1drm des agyptiscl1e11 illte,.t11111.~, i, pp. 58:

to him as his priucipal name, except in his 60, 68j MunRAX, !11dl':X of Names anti Titles of il1~ Oltl · 1 } b . Kingdom, Pl. XLVll, col. 2 (7), Pl. L. col. 4 (:l).

hnna c mm er, where he bears s1mpl)· the de- s F 1 b t n·c1 th. t"tl G •or nn ea ora e ar e on 1s 1 e1 see Au111u;1.,

signation " Superintendent of the Prophet~, Rccueit <t'ctudu egyptofogiques <Iediees U. la mcmofrc ck Jca11

l.lcllJ' " (Pl. XIX. 2), this name ~euy, how- I Fi·a11~01'.ii Cllampollion, pp. 217 -244.

ever, appearing as his "good name ,, on the a See GAUTIITEn. op. clt .. P· 231 with note 1: S1mn:.

1 See llocl.· Tombs of Nefr. i, p. 9. ~ See below p . 25, n ote 10. 6 Sec oJi . cit. i1 pp. It foll. 1 Ree ullovc, pp. 6 foll., nlso p. 322•

I op. cit. i, p. 110. In ull other instances the {ldjectiv1• m J'

"reul " is used, but in the two instances of the title beiui;

assigned to Pepi'onkh the simple adjective is ruplac<.:d by tlw

combination n bw ml' " of reality". 10 SJ:n'Ill': tells me he knows of no 0U1er (>ccu1To11ce of lltis

pnrticuhu- title.

THE TOMB-CHAPEL OF PEPl'O'N°KH THE MIDDLE SON OF SEBKnOTPE AND PEKHERNEFERT. 19

Our Pcpi•onkb scelllS to have had as many

as i:i1x sons, and two claughters, aJl their names being given ll.bove in the list on

pp. 7 foll.

If we arc to believe what i8 told us in his

biography. which is inscribed on either side

of the cloorW"ay on the west wall of the fore­

eom·t of bis tomb-chapel, Pcpi'onkh was equally successful as an administrator in ChUI"eh <tud in State. winning- both the 1·oya.1 and divine hwour, and also the approbation of his fc1lows.

But his successes evidently- stirred up jealousy,

for at some time or other during his official

c-areer a false accusation was brought against

him, from whi(·h, however: be succeeJed ill

completely clearing himseH, when the eal:!e

came into the Courts. 1

rrhe biography likewise inform~ UK that Pepi•onkh was the first person to excavate a tomb-chapel in that particular part of the hjg·h desert slope, ~-his father's tomb-chapel being· si.tua.ted about a mi]e further north, and that of bis eldest brother ou the opposite banlc of the Nile: behind the village of ~u~eir el-Amarnn. :i

From the same source we learn that having

grown old very happily, Pe1)i•onkh rlied at the

goocl old age of a. hundred. 1

1 ~ee below, p. 25 2• 2 See below, pp. 24. foll. 3 See Hock 'l'ombs of Jleir, i, pp. 5 foll. nnd !J foll. 4 See below, pp. 24 foll.

20 THE ROCK T OMBS OF MEIR.

DESCRIPTION OF THE TOMB-CHAPEL. I

The tomb-chapel of .Pepiconkh the Middle

(D, uo. 2), as aJrcady stated in Rock Tombs of Jllei?', i1 pp. 7 and 161 was discovered by SEYD

BEY KII.ASIIABEH's workmen in March 1913.

lt is sitnn,ted at the sonthern end of the si te ~rnrl is n, g·ood half-hour's walk from the gronp

of l\ii<ldlc Kingdom tomb-chapels designated H, three of which form f.he subject of the first three parts of this series. Apart from the com­

bined tomb-chapel of the youngest Pepi'onkh

and his father Bcbk1.totpe. that of Pepi'onkh the ~Iiddlc is by far the largest of the tomb­chape1s nt Meir, and. when newly completed

Hud ~till untouched by the ravages of time and men's wa.nton destructiveness, it must have presented a pleasing, indeed a rather impres­sive, a.ppearauce .

.As can be seen from the ground-plan and

sections on Pls. I imd ll. it consists of a co-, '

lonnn(led forecomt (A) with a small chamber

(B) <tt. the north-west corner. a. large outer

room (C), all the walls of which a.re decorated with pn.intecl reliefs., and n smaller, Ycry ir­regularly shaped and undecorated, inner room

(0). The last mentioned room is the pr-twt, ''statue-chamber. ' ' :? for iu it was found a pair

of seated figures in limestone representing- the owner of the tomb-chapel and 1ris wife. :i

1 A description of the tomb-chapel and of the nnti•1uities

found in the course of the excavation, three plans, copies

of all the hieroglyphic inscriptions, and drawings of detnils

u1 certain of the reliefs, hnve been published by A1puEo

HEY K uit1.1, in Annales du Service des AntiguiMs de l' Egypte, xv, pp. 209-258.

l'l 8ee A. M. B1,,wKnrA_.\", The Ka-Hous1: attd !lie Sel"tlab, in Joul'nal of E.<t!l)Jtlcm Archaeology, iii, pp. 250-264.

a A1!M1m llEY KAMAr., op. cit.1 XV, p. 258.

' rHE FORECOURT.

(Pls. III-V, XXlI, 1 and XXIIl, 2.)

'l1he forecourt, which is about 5 metres Jong •

and from 4·50 to 4·80 metres wide, had, judg-ing from what was rlisclosed by SEYD BEY's

excavations in 1913, a colonnade, consistiug­probably of six plain rectangular pillars, run­

ning rouncl all fotu· '"alls. This appears pretty clearly in the upper photograph on Pl. XXII,

taken in March of that year, ancl in the not Yery accurate plan published by AlplED BEY

KAMAT,, 1 accordin~· to both of which four of

the six postulated pillars were still standing in their origfoal positions. But, as can be secu from another photograph, Pl. L~, 2, bet­

ween Jannary 1914 and January 1921, when l agaiu Rtarted my work on this site: all four columns had been removed, with the conniv­

ance, so it wa!:I saicl, of the Antiquities' guards!

Unforttmately there were no traces in the ground of where the pillars had once stood,

arnl so their position could not be indicated in the plan. It i:ihou lcl be pointed out that t.he

upright stoue, appearing ju the la!'lt-named photograph, iR a falJen roofing-slab, which the thieYcs bad not thought it worth while to rE;:­

rnove. A humbugging old gnanl declared that

it waR the one and only column that wu:-1

standing when the forecourt was first cleared of df&ri., iu 1913, tha.t it had fa.Den down. ancl that he had set it up in the exact spot

iu which it luicl previously stood! In the 1913 photog1·aph this stone can be recognized stand­ing be8it1c tl1e now vanished north-·west pillar.

'1 Seo op. cit., xv, p. 211, fig. 1.

Tm~ 'l'OMB-OliA.PEL OF PEPI'ONKl:I THE MIDDL!i; SON OF SEBK~COTPl~ A.ND PEKHERNEFERT. 21

rrhe snine photogra1)h shows two of the roofing·­bloeks of the colonnade in their original po­sitiou in the south-west corner, and they were sti11 iu situ iu the spring of 1921.

1'he nort.b, east. nncl south walls of the fore­court are constructed entinly of masonry; the west w~il1, hcnvc,·cr, is simply the face of tbe limestone slope, cut. back till a fac;ade of suf· ficicnt height W<tS obta,inea. The east end of both north ~incl south walls i1:1 in a very ruin­ous eoudit.io11, the top courses of mn.soru·y lrnving been rcrnovcil or fa,Ucn down. Of the cast or cn1 ranee wall only the bottom course reruaimi intact. The north ancl south walls are entirely un<lccoratecl, save fo1· a few g1'a.f:fiti. The west waU, however, in which is the door­way admitting: to room C', the main room of the tomb-chapel, is covered ""ith inscriptions and relicfs. On either side of the doorwa1 iH a biog·raphical text. accompanied by repre.scn­tations of Pepi •onkL and bi:; wife, and a bo>c these, running- the \vhole length of the wall. is a frieze consisting of three long lines of inscriptioH n,U(l snnk reliefs at either end.

The east and south walls of the small cham­ber H are constructed entirely of masonry, but the west. wall, like the corresponding waJl of the forecourt, is formed ont of the face of the bll1sicle. lt was impossible to ascertain the natme of the uort h wn.11, as it was covered up to the roof wit.h debris. The chamber is roofed vvith lnng- slabs of stone lying east ancl we$t and cxtencli11g its whole length.

Possibl) this chamber was meant to bold the wooden platform and other articles and mn,terials employed in, and left over from, the embalming of Pepi'onkh the Middle1s bocly. .Ii small thn.mber <Lttache<l to a tomb recently

discovered by tL.eAmceican expedition atTbebcs, wn,s ckarl y intended t,o serve that purpose. 1

t See Tltr J~gypti«n E~;pedition MOMXXl-JlfOMXXJT I Pttrt II of' the Bnllctin of the Metropolitan Museum of A.L·t,

New Yo1·k1 December, MCMXXJI, p. 34.

THE G RJJFFI7'1 ON TILE NORTH AND SOUTH w .ALLS.

(Pl. III)

These .9~·affiti, which are in the fo1·m of very rough representa,tions of certain of Pepi'onkb's ka-servants, were no doubt carved on the wa.11:; of the forecourt after that nomarch's death, -oue of them (lb), apparently, many year~ after that event ~-possibly with the icle~t tha.t the persons dopictetl might1 when they too died, obtn,in some share in the offorjngs preseutecl

to their noble m:11-1tor an<l derive some benefit from the fnnernry litm·gy periodically celc­brntctl on hiR behalf within the tomb-chapel. ,.fhc iclee1 of these ka-servants of Pepi'onkL would then have been somewhat similar tc, that of the l\lidclle Kino·dom devotees of Osiri"' 0 ~,

who erected memorial stelae near that o-oll" s b

tomb at Abydos. belienng that they woulcl

thereby be ena,bled to participate in, an<l. de­rive benefit from, the ceremonies performed iu

honour of the god of the dead at this very sacred place. :i Tbns on the stela of a certa.in KhentiJn1:1cruyt we read :-J set my name ol the place wherci?I is the ,god Osfris Khentciment!t­es . . . . . . . f 01· tlte sake of the benefit the1·e. in' the midst of the worshipzJe1·s of the Lo1·d o.f LifC'; that I ma.v eot his brecid of oblation, that I mav go 1tp by; clay, that my bai rnay pa·1·ti­cipate in the cm·ernonies of me11 kincl in heart to mv cenotaph (m·1.1•t) and in hand to my .~tela. 1

rrhe same sort of statement is made on a similar mmrnmeut by a certain Ameneml.1ct :-

2 Ree below, p. 22 with note 4. 3 The object of other dependants of Pepi' onkh-amoug

them being :1gricultural labourers-in a.ssociati1>g with themselves various fi~w·es iu the reliefs decorating the walls

of room C, by labelling them, or having tbem fa.belled, with their name~ in white or black paiut (see e. g., Pls VIII, IX, XIV, p. 86), was probably different to that of the above mentioned ka·servants, namely in oruer that after thei1· cloath they might still go on serving their master in

theil' old cnpncitics. ~ II~rogfypliic Text.~ .f1·om Egyptian Stelae, &c., ·in tTie

B?·iti:ih Muswm, ii, Pl. 9; see also Pl. 18, and iii, Pl. 5.

22 THE ROCK TOMBS OF MEIR.

I rnade tltis cenotaph . . . . . . . . at the stair­ll'(l?J of the 91·eat god, the Lotd of L~fe, who p1•esides in Abydos . . . . . that I may smell the incense wMclt has issited from withi11 (pry m !¥it), furnishing myself with the es.sence of the 9od. 1

To return to the graffiti, which are four in number, three being on the north, and one on the south, wall. 'l"'he three ou the north wa.U (see Pl. ITT, la, lb1 n.nd 2) ~tre close to­gether; two, nos. lei, and lb, beiug one above the other on the pilaster in the middle of the wall. and the third just to the west of the pi]aster and beside the lower of its two com­panion representations.

The graffiti la and lb (the latter very rudc-1.v scratched and the accompanying inscrip­tion in semi-hieratic signs) commemorate re­spectively the Inspector of tlze Ka-Se1·vants, idw doeth that which his lord pmiseth1 Than·i, and

the Inspector of tlte Ka-IIouse (r l ~ g) 21

Supe1'intendent of the Cattle (~ <:::::> ~ ), the

S('ribe 8 (7) Pefy (:=~ ~}f} 'fhc third g1·af-jito (2) represents the Companion, Fi'rst nnde1' the King, the Stewa1·d1 honowred by liis lorcl. cloing what he praises, what he loves, Khunukh, accompanied by the I nspector of the Ka-Sm·­vants, l;lemi, the latter, a very diminutiye figure) holding a, trussed goose, which is intended, no d1.1nbt, as an o.ITering· for Pepi<onkh.

The 91·affito on the south wall (Pl. Ill, 3), which is canTed on a block in the third course of masonry at the west end of the wall, depicts

1 L.\..'IGll-ScnXYEB. Grab- 1md Denksteine des lJlittleren

Rc1'.chs im J1faseum vott Eafro, no. 20497. 1 So read by S.ETllE.

s Very dubious, SEmF. reads the sign as Ji, but it

may just possibly be fij. '1 This, ns SE1'ltE points out, is an impossible writing

of the n:)Jlle in the Old King,;lom1 and the graffito must therefore have been engraved by some mortuary priest

during the period between the Sixth a.nd Twelfth Dynasties.

the Inspect01· of the Ka-Servants, whom his l01·d 'loves, Q.enenit, who holds a live duck, and the Inspector of tlie Ka-Servants, IulJ,i, who car­ries a ·trussed duck on a h·ay.

'rnE INSCRIPTIONS AND RELlJiJFS ON THE

WEST WALL.

(Pls. IV. IV A, and V; see also Pls. XXII, 1, ancl :xxnr, 2)

The F?~ieze.

(Pls. IV.\., 1 and V)

'rhe frieze, which as already Mated, extends all along the west side of tbe forecoi.u·t, pro­jects more than a cent.imetre beyond the surface of the rest of the wall. as can be clearly seen iu the two photographs on Pls. XXII and XXIll

At the north end is a sunk relief (Pl. V, 1) <l.epicting an array of victims, bound and slaugh­tered, with the severe<l. right foreleg placed on top of each. 'J1he accompanying label (in high relief) i·eads Front (of the offering-ta.ble), '' choice pieces. At the south end are two sunk reliefs, the one depicting the Unique Compan­ion, Pepfonlch tlie Jllirldle seated, with hi.~

wife, h,i.t; beloved1 fietya' Zi stanJing behind hiH chair, }tnd the other depicting· the same pair sitting at meat, with the signs for a thousancl of cattle, and for a similar number of each of TITe varieties of duck: WTitten in front of them.

rrhe rest of the frieze is composed of three loug horizontal Jines of inscription, consisting­of a version of the usn al Zitp dl nfwt formula and an enumerat.ion of Pepi<onkh's tit.les, as follows:- Grace g1·anted b.IJ the king (and) An1.ibis who is on Ids MlZ, he who is in tlte god's bootli (i. e. the embalmer's sbed), he wlw is in Ut, the l<Yrd of the nec:ropoli.~ (t~ d~r)." Grace

5 See below, p. 51 1. 11 TJ d~r pcrhnps means " the elevated land'' i. e. tl1e

high land which lies beyond the reach of the inundation

and in which the dead wcl·e buried (see E.\IDER1 Kindred

Semito·E,gyptian Word$, in Zeitsohrift fur <"igyptisclle Bprache,

51, p. 120, no. 99.

..

..

THE TOMB-CHAPEL OF PEPr'ONKIT TIJE MIDDLF. SON OF SEBKl;lOTPF. AND PEKHERNEFER'r. 2:3

granted by 0. sfri~, that he (the deceased) may

1

Tlie Insc,·iptions and Accompan?Jing Relief"

attain burial (lit. unite with the earth) in the _ . on the , · · h d' ) t1 t 1 b<'

1

b 01·t!t and So11th Sides of the .Entrance to Room l. 1¥est ia his (t e O'O s name, 11.a 1le ma.If inter1·ecl in the cem:te1·.11 (hrt ntr), that there nwy (Pls. IV, XXII, 1, and XXll, 2)

. 1111· 7• t l be a " cuming ?1p iinto tlte voice 01· 1iim a the festival of Sokar, the Heat, the Opening of' the re01·, the Fir.r;t of the Year, the W~g­f'estiva l, tit<' festival of Thoth, at the goodlv f est1:­val ?:?l tlie presence of the great god. (2) The Baron, Baslw, lie who is i11 the Chambe1·, He1rdsm.an of Neklten, Chief Nekhebite, c:iief Jiistice, . V~­:;/e1·, S·tipe1·intendent of the Scribes of the Kmg s Reco1·ds. T1·easiwcw of the King of Lowe1· Egypt, Sta..ff of the Apis, Month of every Butite. Su­periutendent of the Two Granari'es, Siiperintend­mt of the To;o Places of P1trijication, Supu­intendent of the Ro.IJal Domain (g~-pr), 2 Judge 01td Nome-Adm-inistrator, SC?ibe of the K1"ng's Reco1·d.~ in the P1·esence1 Treasm·e1· of the God, D1·aughtsman, Supe1·intendent of the P1·ophets of J.fat~ior 11.:listress of Cusae, (3) Chief LeciO?', Scm­

priest, Uniqne Cmnpanion, Lector, Superintend: ent of Upper Eg;Ypt in the Midnwst N0111es,·• Ffrst nnde1· the King, Sta:ff of the Rekb_yt, Iwn­k:-mwt, Prophet of .Jlfe/et, Ove?" the Swl'et.s of the Oommanding of Any Matte1· of the Ki1ig, l!'a­l!OWrite of tile King in Eve1·y Place o.f his.

1.'he Lintel of the Doorway.

Below the frieze, on ei.ther side of the door­w::iy ailinitting to Room 0, is ~t biographical

ins~ription, consisting of ele~en lines of deeply incised hieroglyphic signs (no doubt. originalJ~· coloured blne or green,) n.ccompan1ed by u

relief <lcpictiug Pepi•onkh a.nu bis wife sta.nJing tog·ether. He l101ds a. staff in one hand n,ncl <1

bnton of office in the other, while she liaH plaeed one arm alJOut her husband's neck, the hancl resting· on his shoulder. Above their bea~ls iu similarly incised signs are written their names, parentage, and a selection of their titles.

rr11e two biographical inscriptions, particular­

ly thM on the south side of the doorw<ty, an· much weather-worn, and uufortun;1tcl,\ in

n:.rn.ny im1tances whole g-roups of signs have disappem·ecl. Dr. A. H. GAHDINER and I m;ufo Lancl-copics of the inscriptions in March 1913, sub)' ectiu<r them to two most careful revision~

• b

in different lights. I made the actual-size facsi111-ile, repruauced on Pl. IV, with these copies beside me, and was able to g·et very little more out of the original than was ah·eady to be found iu my notebook. After l:ia.ving workccl over the inscriptions in Oxford, I sent my ten­tative translation, a proof of Pl. IV, and H. nurn-

. · · bc1· of quei:;tions, to Professor SETHE, whose Ou the lintel. just below the frieze. is wntteu: 1 1 d f Old Kino-dom texts h·u.,

(PL xxn, 1)

~ .Q.,.,..,.,.,. ~ §), '1'7. great mow e ge o 0 , • • • _.... r ~ 0 I~<::::>,~ ( 0 0 q ~) I e '\J Jfi' IC enabled him to £11 up several of the lacunae. Unique Companion, Supe1'intendent of the Pro- I }tnd in some cases impro'e on my re_adiugs

phets, Pep?'.'01tkh the Middle. of defaced groups of signs. His suggestions as

l See VV. S. BLACIDLAN, Some Mode,.» Egyptian C:ravesidr

f'm~monies, in Disco-very, ii, pp. 211 foll. 2 See B.1m.\sT~n, Ancient Records, i, §. !>22 = N1rn'nEimY,

JJmi Jlrr.san, i, Pl. VIII, A.. n Cf. the inscription in front of Pe1)i'o11kh on Pl. XVI,

P. 4.3: cf. nlso perhaps Carncw1;on 'l'ablet, No. 1, obverse, ' ?

N'N'M 0 U 'Qj @ Q <{) I 8 MMNo = sic '?'?~ line G ~

0 '] I 0 ~ <::::> \\ R..,..._lll 1 1 C::>

to the tru.nshition of certain passages haYe been im·aluable. ancl it is almost impossible ;.1.rlcqm1te­ly to a.ckuo\Yledge in footnotes the be~p be ha~ given me. But here let nm say tlrnt without

~:::: <::::> w r ;, Ewphantine is strong, and the middl~ part (?'?) is ~oi:th 11s as far as Ousae (GAnllnom, Jowrrwl

of Egyptian hchaeology, iii, p. 103).

24 THE ROCK TOMBS OF MEIR.

"his assistance both the translation ancl the text itself would have been far inferior to what, thanks to his knowledge and kindness, I am a.ble to lay before the readers of this memoir. I must add that .Mr. BATTISCOMBE GUNN has also supplied me with a number of very useful

and intc1·estiug suggestions and 1·eforences. Co­pies of Loth inscriptions embodying Professor SBTIIE's rcstorfl.tions and emendations a.ppear on PJ. IV A.

'11ho biographlca.1 inscriptiou on the north sicle of the entrance reads as follows :-1 passed lli!J lifetirne j(w 100 vea1·s among the living recip­ient.~ of honour, the possesso1· of a ka 1• I .spent rt great pm·t of this time (2) a.$ Snper·intendent of the Prophets of Jfatbor Mistress of Cusae. <'ntering in unto Qatbot J.lfistress of Gu.sae, seeing her,~ pe1'forming tl1e ceremonial (igt) for he:r with, ln!J hands. (3) I am one honoured by the king. I nm one lwnou1·ed b,'l/ the great god, I am one ltonmwed b_1; men. I am, one beloved of Ms father, (4) pmised of his mother, I am one beloved cl his b1·etliren. I spent all the tinie tliat I spent e:vercising (lit. in) tlt e .functions of a magistrate, ( 5) in lloing goocl ( a;nd) saying what was desir•ed, .f 01· the salce of winnintJ a good c/1aracte1· witl1,

the god, frw the .~ake ~f attainin,r; old age a f i?i m:IJ city/ . ( 6) I judged two parties so tlu:tt th ev were satisfied, jiJ?' tltev kneiv that it was -what (-fod willed. 1 .Neve1· did I go to bed in vexation

1 For the expression ary l•J, see Rock Tombs of 1lfcir, ii, p. 22, note 2.

i Cf. the words pronounced by the chief officiant during

thoae episodes in the temple liturgy known as the Sec£ng

of the god, nnd tfie Uncovering of the face of the god:- I lt ~ ilte king who ha& stnl me, to see the god (MolIBT, Riiuel

rlu c11ltc diciri joumalkr eii Egypte, pp. 55, 113; see also

BL\CK~AN, The Sequence of 01e Episodes in tlie Egyptian

naily Temple Litw·gy, in Journal of the Manchester Egyptian

rmd Oriental Society, 1918-1919, pp. 48 foll., and 52.

s As t)f;rmi has 1iointed out to me ilwt is an infinitive> here like sbt. IJe nlso suggested the restoration m 11tl)l·I " in rny city. "

4 S.:-.rnE thinks thn.t ~ r sbould be inserted hctwceu

(1tp • iln and the following MNoM (the spac:ing of the signs

/with an.IJ people/", (7) becavse, of their disposition

I wltic/1 I MC<m.nte1·ed (lit. wlticlt encountPred me.)' Now I caused my magist1·acy-income to be e,-i;­

j pended in tlie West, 7 in the ?'egion of (8) t1H'

Mistress of Rigltteousne.~s, 8 in a clea1· place, in a good place, whm·ein no work had U<'f'n done.

suggests this emendation), ~ r """"""'• us often, reading lw0 {<11.

Swrru; also points out thnt mrrt nir iS is n sentonco de­

penrlent on iw·~n ,.~w, 1.1nd he suggests that possibly there

was n O (= pw) hetween the i an<l the .~, tlrn whole> passage then l·oading ·iw·°§n r(:w mrrt n{r is pw.

6 80 restored by SETHE on the strength of u. passage in the still unpublished biography of N!Jbw, unearthed by

REISll"'ER18 cxonvations:- -11- - n ~ ~ ClI::1 ~ ~

0 @ l'<:::>/ '; 0 0 ~

~ ~ ~ = ~ ~1 Neve1· did I go to bed in ve.x<Uio)I

there (i. e. in the house of my brother) with any pffiplr.

Ji'or other occun·ences of this verb 8pt, " be vexed, " •· dil;­

contented," see SETnE, Url:unden des iigyptisclie11 ..Jltt1·tiw1s.

i, 46; llieroglyphic Texls frorn Egyptia1t Stelae, &c., in th"'

British ,lfuseum, i, Pl. 4 7. The correct reading of the latter

pnssage is:-.....A..-n ~ ~ M/VW'o, <=> ~ c:ss::J~ <=>, o l'<=>T'> ==1110 o ~~

One wliom 110 one went to bed feelin.g t•exed with li.im. 6 ~o rendered by S&TllE. G~ refe1·a to Pap. Pri,ssc,

2. 3/-i -:-::~~~J~:-=~r,~~~~ 0

Q I<=>, (The vizie1· caused his chiklren to be summoned, /'> ~ afte;r he had jim:sh.~d {ltis treatise on}) the 1ways of mankind

(anti) t!tei:r character as encountered by Mm, 1ind sugg(•sts thnt ·iyt ~w i11 possibly 1\n idiom meaning " to be known by " someone.

~C=> 7 GAnDrNRn's itnd my hand·copy reads ~ ~. When

making the facsimile in 1921, I detected a slight trace of

the top of the r as appears in Pl. IY. SETJIB thinks tbe

reading r i doubtful, "for," as be rightly pointc out­

" the scribe elsewhere always writes c:L ~ ~". Dut sup.

posing my rending to be correct, he suggests the rendering

given above. My own idea was t-0 render Mt 11t i<r by " the

property of a magistrate" i. e. " a magistrate's tomb, •• the whole passage reading:-.. ~\Tow I caused a ma.qistral.e's

tomb to be executed in the West. This is also the rendermg suggested by G1rNN, who, like myself, l1ad in mind passagei;

such as those in Urkunden, i, pp. 471 12, 49, 4: where

Ut, if,t., " property " distinctly means " tomb."

a W'rl nbt mJ't "'l'he region of the Mistreas of Right··

mnst, aR GUNN' nlso holds, be a topographical uame. A pt~rt of l!.:dfu liore the similar designation ilt 1mJ't "diat11ict of

Right" (13nuescn, Dictionnalr1? g<!ographiq11e, pp. 249, 1169).

THE TOMB-CIIAPEL 01" PEPI'O.XKII THE )[10DLE so~ OF' SEBKT.IOTPE AND PEKlll~RNEl;'ERT. 25

ll'hel'<·tu otltus 1 (9) who icet'f' uefu'i'P me had rze1•er I .\bovc tlw wife we reacl :-His ltife: hi:, be­.'f"l wor/;rcl. ~ lt is I 1dw !torr> fJpened 11p tltf . .,, loved, The King's ~lcqunintrmce. ;Jiusician-Prir·.~t­

rr-9ion. It will .~e,·re·: a.-; a necropolis, it tcill do l Pss of f.Jrrthm· A1i.~trr'ss of Cusae, lf et.11cr b, zcl1osP. ( 10) u;lwt is de.~fred; indeed I decoted ?1l,l/Self ,good na111e is l.letit.

to it gteat~lj 1cl1ile among the living. I hai:e cu1ne'' 'l'be biographical in~cription on the Ruuth

?Mio it, no1c tliat I have grou:n old'; (11) ve1'.1J side of the tloor is at> follows:-I.spent all thr l1appif,1;. w11~ that I have spr-nt my lifetime a11wng thue that I .~pent e.ce1·ci.sing the n.ffice nf 111a,gis­the liui11,q i11 tlte shadow r/m:~ lwnmwwith the king.' tratc, 11 in a seal-office i '.l nniil iii!) end. Nenm·

Above Pepi'01tkh'H hea.d iA written :-P1·opltet did tit(' (or m..lJ) seal 1•(im,ain a, night ((WO.if from of l~is and 1.IatZW?'. P1·opliet of Hont,s ancl Seth, me, 13 from the tim.e that I was appovnted 11 (2) P1'<1pliet of the G?·P-at Enneacl, Prophet of Nut(?)~, a:; magt:.~t?'fJ.te. J.Veve1· was I put nnde1• ?'es­J..Vejr·rka, ·iclw.~r~ good name is Pepi«mk/i the 11lid- tmint, never wo.<; 7 frnprisoned. A.'1.fr1t cmytld11!J

rlle, .~on of thr, Pi?'st a-ruler the King, Superiu- !!tat 1oas snid aho11t me b~fin·e tlu' magi.~t1't1tes

trndent 1j" the J>1·01>l1ets of lfatZw1·1 Sebk)10tpe, 0 I (3) I camP out .~uccc.~sful on tliat 1~co7'P, while it (and) son of the King'.<; Acquaintance, the Jlh.1- 1 (the cltm·ge) recoiled 1

ri upou tlte occ·11.~e1·s; sincr· sici11n-Ptie.<;fe.~:·: 10 (b1n• t), Pf'khernefe1·t. I wa.~ clecwed 1

G the1·~fmm bef01·e the ma.1ist1·11te.i;.

~~ (4) .~ince tl1e,1;, 11omPZ1J 1' (the acc11se1·sj, we1·e !l)Je,rf.-

1 St rm: restore!! ~ ~ 11, which, be informs me. iug a.r;a inst 112'' .~lande'i'l'11g me. 0 all peop/,

it, lhe older writing of ~~ \\. wlw go 1Wl'lf11ranl and Co7!le .~outkwrtrd. (5) a.~ : For 1he whole concep1ion of this parng1:aph, cf. U1-- I :;m·e~lj a.-; the king /ire.<; fo1• .')Olt, as .~w·P~lf rrs t/1, ,

kwidcn, i, 50, ];)-15:-/ made tllis tomb (1s) iqJon l/H> l l I /' 1 /" f' d ,J1011l<iPr (i. c. l'tU.lfe) of tlte West i11 a clear place (1st IV ut), . . . . . : .

,, .

1

goc. 1e o,.e tc11mi-i IJe <11'e wes m· IJOn. r. 0 I/''

1rl1rrri11 11"118 no tomb of a11y 11eoplc, in 01·/le;· t.o vrofect the !JW<' ll?e /Jr('acl anll bee1· 1~f iliat wlucl1 ,1;r· hm:e · property ef 0111• who ha.~ ff1J11e to ltis Im. du .IJe r>leNtfe with _lj(J/tl' !tancls, (6) clo ,1;e make

;; PJ)o Cu,n l11wo no connection with J)"""" Jo er and obtutio11 1ritlt //Oil?' '/1/0'llth. 18 As fo1· those w!to

--!). Tt i~ IL dcdvn.tive from r j) "to reliel,, (constr. Bl,AOl<MA~, 'J.'hP. />f)sition n.f Women in tlie Ancient Eg!fptiau

~ r ~ ~r l Hit:?·<wchy, in Jou1•11al of l!J,qyptia1~ Arnhacology, vii, 11. 10. with ~). = • :-u it (the w'rt.) will serve (Clr he

like) ns a uN\ropnlis." (Swrnn). 4 Here again (J stlimls for iw·.t

,, SE'.l'lll~ corrects ~ = r to ~ = r. Ouly so :1.re the

two de11eudent clauses introduced by ~k·wi intelligible.

,; '1'111! repetition of tJ!~ at the top of line 11 is

probably just a ca~e of clittography. I ; ~ f ~ " in the shadow of," i. e. " under the

protection of; " cf. Urk1111drri, i, 51, :::: ~ ~ ~ 0 ~ ~ I f ~ ~ .); ~ t ,.::. I n~ade tliis tomb in the shadou: I of my lio11om· ·1dth tlte Icing. l:iEIIIB refers me to a sirnilur

p11~~age in op. cit. i, ·19, 7, where~ is used alone without

f ~· lle in l'orms me that r ~ is to be read ~!/;. aud

refers to P!/1·. 1105d, 1377a, 1'187cz. 8 'l'he dotcr111ii111livu is bearded!

~ Sec Rri1dr 'l'omlt.~ of .Meil-, it, p. 9 10 'rille of the high vri<!stess of Jlat\1or of CuRno; soe

11 /(;rt, which Gu~N regiirtls :u1 an infinitive, occur~ 1111!0 in Urkw1den, i, 1 OG1 !l.

rn 1. c. an offico which h;1d its own special seal (SE.rim). Si-:Tnr: tnkes @_ o which also 11.ppoars in the plnrnl form i11

Frkundcn, i1 78, to rend iJwl "office, as do also Grlffitl1

(see Dwu:s, Tiu !loci: 1'omb11 nf Deir elrGebruwi, ii. p. 30' and BnEB1"f!ll (Ancient Bec1mlii, i, § 281).

13 Or ~cve1· clirl I JJctSS a 11igl1t in u:lticlt ilie si·al 1cas

away f1·011i 11u•.

11 !Jr 1'[d.']t·l i fo~·nn:'s restoration. 15 Thi:> rcu1lering is proposed by ~m1; wl10 ~11ggests

that ~1· or tp should be restored nfter p-. Ill This menni11g of b)~·, wliieh primarily menus '· to be

bright," wns suggested to me by Gllm', who compare3 the

trausforred meaning of the English word •· clear. "

l7 GUNN' points out 1lnit 1 he use of [,i here is :n1 ex·

tension of its very coinmou nppositiomtl use " niimlich."

tfi Accorcting to (}.,1mnmR in l!ll3 the rending ~ <::> ~~

was 111·oh:1blo1 nnu the followi11g eertni11. Thifl g1·ou11

of signs is llOW much defaced.

D

2G 'l'JIE ROCK TO.UBS OF MEIR..

.~hall act t'.11 the matte1· 1 acccn-d1:n,c1 to w/l(d I sav, the!) (?) shall be blessed ......... (7) it shall be done~ (ICCol'din.r; tu wltat tlte!J d<>sfrP. 1 am a. spi'rit bette1· jiwm·shed than [atl 1Jtlte1:J spfrit.i;, /a noble one (in.1) brvoud (r) all otlim· nuble one.~/ that have ere1· {H!Pn. a (8) 1 am one honmwed b.IJ tlte king and b.11 ltis (?)god. 1 Ever.ljthing ((lso went tretl /n ni;1; hand while" I u.1as zJriest to J.fat{/01· Jl1is­t1·ess of Cu8ae, while I pr·otectecl tlte divinity. (9) to he1· sati.ifnction. 0 alt people trho ,'JO north­W£l?'d, wl11J come soutlrn1a1·il. as sw·e~IJ as the king lives f01· you,, as siure~IJ as the [!Od (10) befo1·e whom, ye ewe, lives f01· .11ou, what ye say (narnel?;) "Jlrt.1/ lfat~w1· .Ll!i.<:tres.i; of Ou.sae beatiflJ ..... the Si1pe1·intendent o.f the P)'ophets, Pepi'onkh

the Middl<~ "-as ,f(l'l' all people 1who say (it). it slil/ll be /douej ........ to do what tltey de-sire ......... the:J (or them) ...... the god. I sa.1; (it) (IS a tnitl~ful spe(lke'r. [ do not soy (it) as one who bo(lsts.

.Above i he figure of Pepi•onkl1 is written:­Uniq11e Un11panion, Lector. Ove1· the 1liyste1·i1',~

of the Iionse of the Jlfoming, 6 Fir.~t 1mde1· the

1 So Gu~~, who xefors to <Jdt • n · f iui " what he said

in rhe matter" (Ud.:u.nden. i, 8, 16) and compares dcl m

" to speak aliout" (WErtc., Decr·et~ Roycmx, p. 82, line 6 of the inscription).

!! I. e. by other veople who visit your tombs, not U)

ine who am dead (S1mn:). 3 G~lS" poiuts out that 1{/:. occurs sporadically instead

of ~ e. g. R.i.NilOll.r, Stefo of .Menlhu-weser, liue 131 wbcre

pJ1<;, uot pJm1v, is the correct rending, anrl he <haws attc11t­

ion to the remsrk of MiiL1.Jm, Ilieralisclte L'alaograplde, i,

p. 3. note 2. • 1 8.ETJIY.'s restoration. l proposed n~t· 'J, but, as be points

out, in the northern insc~iptiou tuat combination is written

1 ~· A. note on my original tracing states tbnt the broken

and weathcrworn sigu. after ~ looks like a bird's claw,

that E5 is \J:\dly cut, ancl that the sculptor's work just

here !leemff bad and ca1·0Jcss. 11 GuxN suggests that n hero may possibly mean "while"

rather than " because," as I rendered it. ,; See Br .. -\CKM.lli, Tiie II(Jttse of the Jl<>rniiig, in Joo1·11al

of Egyptian Archaeology, v. pp. 148-165.

King, Stqff' l~f the Hekhyt. Iwn-k~ -mwt, P1·ophet of .Mi/et, 7 Sttpe1·intendent [of the Prophets/ of' aatho1· 1lfistress of Cusoe, Pepif'onklt tl1e1Jfiddlef. The wife is designated :- His wife, Ids belovul, the King'.~ Acquaintnmce, Proµhete.<;s of 1Jatfw1· Mist1·ess of Cz1sae. J.fety'a"IJ,, whose ,good n11111e

is Jietit.

DOORWA y ADID'I''l'ING ·ro THE MAIN ROOM c. (Pl. v1)

Nm·tli 1'hfrkne,qs.

(Pl. VI, 1)

The available ::1pace is occupied by a imuk

relief representing Pepi con kl 1 ns coming- out throngh tile doorwa.y, st~vff iu baud. 'I'hc in­scription in front of him-incisecl hierog·lyph~ painted blue-ren.cls : - The Basha, Olti~,. Nekhebite, Hm·dsmmt of 1Vekhen; Clwncellor 1~(

the Lowe1· ~fl'!J.f>fl(tn ](in9, Um:qne Corn.pan-inn . Lecto1\ Bet'lt Supen:ntendent of Upper Egypt. Pept onkli the Middle. (2) Pnigne ('omi..1r111im1

Supe1'intendent ()/the P1·opltet.~, Pepiconkh, w/i.ose 9oocl n.amie is Jieni. Tile sma1l fig·me of tbt·

attendant, who stands in front of Pepi'onkh

holrliug an incense-brazier, the contents ot which he is stirring up with a stick, is labelleil · -Th<' f?l.spector;· of tlie Kar-Servants1 Fa'v01m:t11

Stewarcl of his L01·d, !Chunukh.

Sout/1 Thickness.

(Pl. VI, 2)

Here again is another similar representation

of Pepi 'onkh, but in raised relief. He is <le-

1 See tho articles EUdcs and Morality (EgJ·11tian), § 11, 11nd Personiji'caticn (Egyptian)§§ 4, 7, 9 (c) (2)1 Righf1·01LS·

11ess (Egy]Jtinn), § 13 with footnote 10, iu li.\SlUGS, E11cy· clopaedia of Religi<m aml Rthics.

s Rending~<:::> j ~J ~ J ~,):: (bee hr·

low, p. 401 note 3). What looks like part of a damaged

sign on the right edge of the break below ~ <:::> i.,

Si>TBE thinks, only RU accidental scratch.

'I'HE TOMB-'CllAPEL OF PEPI'OXKH 'rHE :\IIDDLE SON OF SEBKl:IOTPE AN'D PEKJIBRNEE'ERT. 27

"i¥nttted, Basha, lie u:lio is in the Chamber, Herdsman of Nckhr>n. Chief .Neldiebite, Sem­

JJriest. Controller of Ri·er!J Kilt, Unique Person­ality, 1 Rulel' of the llat/.101·-Piltar, :i Controller of tlte Hlack Vase(?), 3 Unique Companion, Keeper rl the Diadem, Snz;e1·i11tf'ndent of the P1·ophets '!l UatZtor Afi.~t1·Pss of Cl1srw, Pepi< onkh tlu-11liddte.

'l\LE l\{i\TN H.ooM, (!.

(Pls. VTI XVII, and XXIJ-X."'\ V)

The main room of the tomb-chapel, which is somewhat ine~·tdarly slrn,ped, is from 10·20

to 9·70 metres loug·, 4·20 to 5·10 metres wide.

and 2·20 to 2·55 metres high. 'rhe ceiling is uneven and shews chisel-marks everywhere.

The rock out of which the rooru is excavated contains a ba.d fault, ·which cuts through the

tnl'U in the west. wall beside the enh•ance to rhe statue-houi;;e (sec Pls. I ~1.n1l L~, 4), and the middle of t.hc south wall, and bas

CTeatcd a wiJ.c fissure in tltc roof ~tnd floor. 'l'Le cleficicncy in the so1tth n.nd the west walls

was macle gooJ. with n1a.sonry, t.Longh appar­ently it w::is not tl1ougbt necessary to patch

up the roof and floor in this mauuer. Probably there cliu not seem to be any immediate danger

of the reel earth and gravel which filled the fanlt giving way, (l, mi8ha.p that no doubt only occurred after some la.pse of time. In this

connection it might be noted that the fault e.ueuds through the northern burial-chamber, lmt the earth and grave] tilling, which forms

a considerable part of the roof of this chamber, has not even yet f,tJleu in.

Two deep shafts have been sunk iu the

tloor of room C (for the measmcmeuts see

1 Cf. Ilook 'l'ombs of ;}fefr, ii, p. 2, and B1,ACJWAK1

Joiir·

tial of FJgyptia.n Arcliaeol.oyy, iii, p. 242 with note 1. 2 See DAvrn~, Rock 1'ombs of Deir El Geor{l,1oi, i, l'· 8,

ii1 p. :?; SEnrn, Altil!J!;pti1ch1• Pyramidmtexte, lOOHb. ~ See DAYIEI', ov. cit., i, p. 8.

below pp. 46, 50), one at the north and the other at the soL1th end, admitting respecti,ely to the bm·ial-chamber of Pepi'onkh and to that of his wife ~etya.<1) . ('lose to the eastern edge of the

northern pit (sec PJ. I) is an appliitnce for fastening down a. Racrificia.l ox, cut out of

the rock (sec PJ. XXV, 1) and in the slmpe of the letter I. Iu the mid<lle of the part

conei?poniling to tl1e 11 prip:bt stroke in that letter n liole has been drilled, tlu·ough which,

donbt.Jcss, was p<lsscd the rope attached to the victim. Beside it is a h}tsin, a]so cnt out of the rock. to cn.tch the ulood. l

.ill the walls of room C ai·e covered with painted relicfs, the bri11iance of wlrich was

greatly enhnnced by the dark slate-grey to

indigo background, as is yet to be seen ou the south half oft.he west wall, where the colours are

still well preserved (see Pls. Lill, 2, XXIII, l, and X..~lV). Be it Lerc uoteu that the reliefs

ou this particular pn.rt of the west wall are executed entirely in plaster, as <ire all those on tl1e sout]1 wall, except where the blocks

of masonry lrn.ve been inserted to fill np the fault. '

Ali i~ usually the case witl1 the productious

of tJ 1e Sixtlt-Dyna!'lty provincittl craJtsmen, the technique of these 1·eliefs is somewhat crnde. The best work is to be founn on the east. ::i.nd runch <lamag-ccl suuth, wall.

Below the rcliels is a black dado, with a border at the top of clark red and pale yellow

b<tnds outliuecl in bla<·k. 1'

EAST w ALL: NOR'l'll OF EN'rRANCE: SOUTH E)."D.

(Pl. VII)

The relief occnpyiug the sout.11 end of this ha.If of the C<tst. wall is the usual stock re-

4 See B1,ACJ<MAN, A Study of ll!P. Litm·yu celebrated in the Temple of the Ato11 at Et·Aruai·na., in J:.~1!cueit rl'etudea

{(f'IJptolo,qiques decUh .. ~ 1'1. la memofre r/c Jean·F'raiu;oi$ Oluw1·

11ollion, p. 506. ° Cf. Rook 1'omlis of Meir, iii, p. 11.

1> 2

213 'l'RE ROCK TOMBS OF MEIR.

prcscntatiou of tlw owner of the tomb-chapel I nw§tauelt of 'EukLmilJ(n· at SaJ~~areh, ·1 clo~el: stau<ling in a boat and speari.ug fish. The resemble~ the ordinary Egyptian c1aiver. Was Unirpi.e Companion. He who is ove1· the Mjsteries J it intern'led to hold those spare pa.its of the of the Honse of the .Uorning. 1 Superintendent har poon to which the blades were fhed. r~( the Ro,yal Domain (gs-pr), First imcle1· the specimeu!S of '' hicL n.re to be seen aboyc Ki11g. l'epi'onkh the Middle. is accompanied the heads of the two abovc-mentioneil sonR

h,\ his w1fr·, hi.~ belored. tfte Musician-I'riestess ancl their cornpaniou? The outer edges of the of J.Jath.01·, f{etya,' (i, wlwse gnocl nam,e is I,Ietit, ca.~e <\.l'e lrnurnl witb cord, colonre<l yellow.

who. be it observed, is drawing l1er lor(l1s the tv.-istccl strancls of which urc indfrated in attention 1.0 the ichneumon, whic;h is climbing blaek paint. Tbr colouring: of the case itself np H papyrus-stem in orcler to sei?.e 11pon one

uf the half-flecl~·ecl bir<ls in the uest abon:.

A ra,ther ~;gonius piece of wol'k, un1rnppily murh damag-ed hy a later enlargement of the ... . door-frame, is the hippopotamus munching the

1

croeodile ! A simi lar mot1/, b11t not quite sn vig:orousk rendered. oc·cur~ u1 the ma~tabeh

of rn . 2 The: backgrournl to the St>nthern h::ilf of this sccue is formed by the nsuaJ co11-

veutionalisecl pap~ rns-thirket with birds and I n butter fly hover ing n.bave. Between the three

rows of cnp-1i1w umbels a,nd Pepi'onkh's

harpoon il'l the label clel4cribing the action of tbe sceuc :-Spean:ng ver·.IJ great .fislt.

.Above the stern of the boat. of cow·se

supposed to bo i1Ct11ally on boctrrl, are three,

men, each holcliup; an harpoon. ' !'her arc his .~flu, Ffr::t unde?· the King, the Uni<Jue Companion, H epi I he Blac:Tc; his .son, the L ecto1., the Unique Co111paniun. QPpi the RNl; a.ui1 tl1e King's &'eatleman (spss n~'vt), Senbi. Evident!)· the

tw() sous were raised to t11e nmk of "Unique

Compani011 ·· after the relief's wero carved, for

iu either case the sigw~ composing- the title

are in paint only.

In the stern of the boat are three objects

whi.ch deserve some a.tteution. ' l1lie long· ca.se, an exalllple of which i8 to be seen in the

1 See above p. 26, uote 6. 2 8TEn.11lllfft·, Grab lfes 'l'i, Pl. 113 = KL.llus. Die Reliefa

de.~ alien Heiches, p. 3!l and sec also p. 70; F};Cm1JilME~1,

l.Jic I'last1k clcr Agyptel', l'l. 133.

is a. white bn.wl bet•vcc11 J·wo green b;mcl~.

The second object. which i<1 paint<·cl white

with retl outline anrl binding. iR t11c: wcll-ktw-wu

hieroglyphic sign ~ and wa$ cliscnsscd in de­

tail some year~ a.g·o in <lU ;.1rticle of Bon-~ ...

CI!AlillT'8. 1 T he t lwee cuti-1 ill nstrnting thil-1 ar-

tiC'le <lepirt both this ~-shapell objec·t au1l

H lso the third object i11 the ~rroup tmclcr cli~­

c·uss10n . BORCHARDT apparcntl) regarcls them hoth HB represc·nting· one and the S<1mc thing·,

umne1y a reed mat, - the ~ being- 11H· mat

rolle<l. up <md then bent over, antl the other

object tlw i:mrnc kiml of mat spread out anrl

cmplo) cd as a wiud-sf'rccn. But it duc·s $Cem

to me that these hvo objects they a.nil the

c·ase rlei:1ctibecl ;\ bovc all occw· 1·ng·cthcr iu two

reli.efa in the mr1~(obeli of Ti "-are to lw ilif­forenti111'cll. The thi.r<l object cloes not at all look like a niH.t unrollccl, hn1 111uc·b more like

Rome 8pccial kincl of ~e>at (clem·ly ma<le of rccils) furnishetl witli a. h,wk nrnl 1-:1icfo1-1. Ai::. H

nmttcr of fact it is she'' n ag being· put to that very lL'~C h) a. l1oatruan in tiµ:. 4 of

130RCHA.RDT's a.rticlc. ancl it iR placed, as in

om· relief, in the stem of the boat. l\forcove1-.

could a JUfLt, Ja.rg-e 011ongh to be used as n w1n<l-sl'l'CCni be <·a.i-r-iccl snspcncle(l from th l'

s C<lPART, Rue de tombeaux, Pl. XXXVl. 4 Zeitsclirift fiir ii{/!tpti'sclic Sprache. ,11, pp. 77- 79.

Ii Srnrnno:rtn'1 op. cit. Pls. 115, 11 7; see also LJ:.'Psru:-., Dc11kmii.le1-, ii. Pl. i 7.

THE TOMB-CHAPEL OF P EPI'ONKH 'fH~ MIDDLE SOK 01'' !=;EBKT.IOTPE AND PEKJlER~"EFER'l'. 29

~rnl _of' ~1 h~rcl~man·<.; st~ck. ~s it is seen_ t~ ~e I m hg-. o of BORCHARDT s article? A relief 111

Pepi<onkh'!'I tomh-cJwpeL adjacent to the one

nllclcr cfowui'lsion, seems to explain what the

~-shaped ohjc<'f 1·enll.'· i~. A man. who is pln<"k­

ing: n watcrfowJ (~ec Pl. VIIL register 2), i8 Hittjuµ: ou wlia1· looks liJ~e the object in quef-ltion,

tlmK indicaJing· tLat it i~ a kind of cushion, 110 tlonbt maclc of n~cdt:J. 'T'ltis cnshion, if cushion

it is. w:is of course pla,ced on the bottom of tlic~ scat to ~L<lcl to the comfort of the occn­

p;:tnf, tho11g·h tlw artist, desu·iug to disclose

what would i11 reality have been conce;-tlcd

h.'· the nNtr side of the seat. hal:l. in accor-1 lancc with the usual Egyptian con,ention,

placecl it nbovc fhC' scHt. The reli ef over the

tlt1or" ay is a conti11natiun of the same scene

ancl nl<:n is a couucctllw link with the fowliuo· n e

Keene ou the other side of the entrance (see

Pl. XYII a.ncl pp. 45 foll.). The man standing· iu

thl' pnrn of the hoat is the King·s Ge11tleman, Jn.~11ec;tm· of the Prop/tr>ts, Piopi, and the fin~t

of the rom 11w11 puutin~ is the King's Gentle­m<111 Kltwmdd1. rl'li e secornl punter'A name iR tlt<Lt. of <1 king, now il1e~ible, compournlctl

vvitlt ~ '7, '(mkh. 1

attcmlnnts arc as follow~ :-1. Sllperintnuleni of the Toilet. 2. Director r~( the Attendrmts. 3. Su7Je1·intetide11t of llie 'l'oilet. 4. Snpe1·inff>nrl-cnt <l ...... Ph;lJsicia•11 of the G?·eat Hm1.~c. Ni'eukhldumm. 5, 6. 'l'itles and names destro...-ccl. 7. Fil'.~t umde1· tlie A-iug 1~{ the G·reat I {ousr,

the Unique Cmnpanimi, t JJepi the Black. 8. Thr> l\-in.r;' .~ Gentleman, his (i. e. the deceasccl's)

ln·ot/ie1·, fni-ipectrw of the Prophets, JOm111dd1. 9. The K:ing's Gentlernnn, Nefe'" 10. Ffr.~t -under tlte, King, 1CJ1.qJe1·intendent of the La11d­Scri/Jes, I} enen?·. :i 11. I!'irrst under tlw l\-ing. .Tti.ll.ge and Nmn(>-Adm/m:st1·rt.tm·, ~Jep·i. l 12. 'Plu· King's G f'ntleman, I;lepi. r.

TLc operations of the foihers :1Illl fowlcrs nrc

represented in four registcrA.

ltr·.r;iMf'r 1. Ncttu1g watcdowl.

A similar rep1·cscntation. :::hewing some of the fowler!'\ 1 ying ou 1hcir backs as they pull

the rope. oc<.:nrs in the mafta.bek~ of Ti arnl

Neft•r:-icshcmptal.i at. l:)a}µ_{areh. r. The mf1n with

nut. trc1'<~hed arm in the nndclle of t.he ~rronp

erics ont. :-Giv<' (~) th.'lfself to it, cm11mde, th_IJ net is heavy 17 rl'lie chief fmYlei· 1 who shiud«

bchincl the dump of reedA, signals trl biH flf;­

~ishmtA with outstrotcl1ecl arm ancl cries:- 7'ak1·

E \ ST WALL: NOH'I'H OF EN'!'RANCE: l\UDDLE AND (it). rnmmde.. (I ('atch comes to us r NORTH END.

(Pl. VTII) ~ 'l'his titlt• is in paiut only.

Ju the relicfs ""hirh ocCUJl)' this ])Ortiou of ~ Name and prereding title in paint only.

the caRt wa11. the Ba.~ha, Unique Cornpaniun, 4 Knme and two preceding titles in paint only.

Lecto;·, FirM unrln· the King. Saibc of the 0 Name in paint only.

Kin,r/s Record.~ in the Pre.<:ence, Superintendent

1

6 Sn:tsDoRn·, r::,·ab des Ti. Pl. 116; C.n'ART, Rue de

loml1eatix. Pia. XXXYI- XXXIX, LXXXY-LXXXYllI. of [/if' Prophets, Pepz'.'onkh tli.e Middle, who 1 lmy J:.in r·~ nty ?m'·l lir ilclt-k dn~ sic. An imperfect

-..vea.rs Hie pricAtly pant.her-skin vestment. ~ml version of this inscription occurs in the 11iaffabelt of Ti

il4 accompnniccl b~- hYeh~e attendants, is sceu (SnmrnonFY, op. cit. Pl. 116: sec also ERMAN, Redr.11, Ruf'

riewing the lr<kk of tlte field, the netting of und Lieder at1f Griibtrbildem des alle11 Reicl1eR in Abltand-

f. l l1rngen clcr prm~{J1:~clien Akadcmie der TVissc11sch11fte11. 19 tl:I.

water, ow , the catchin11 o.f· ~;er,11 great .fish. " J N r. 15, p. 3 7). For <1ni; we i;hould expect d118f!/· iJdt beiuir

B(•g-innjng at the top a,nd reading· from fem. Perl1:ips Ll1r sculptor omitted Lhe fem. termination owin~

rjg;ht to left the titles and mimes of the tweh(;' to lack of spuce. ~ My ?•·k 11111 llll'·i lw fb r·n. See Et\JllAN, 071. di.

1 f:lee above p. 16, noto 1. pp. !JG foll.

ao THE ROCK TOMBS OF MEIR.

R<',qisf1!1' 2. The dressing and cooking of wa­terfowl and the presentation of live hu:ds to Pepi'oukh by some of his suite.

~imilar representations of the cooking and 1.lrcssiug of wate1·fowl, as the sequel to a da.y's fowling, a.A n,]so of booths with trussed fowl

a.ud jnjuts of meat lrn.nging across the roof from

n. rope, m·c to be seen in the above-mentioned ma~tabehs of Neferseshemptal.1 and rPi. 1 Above the two men plucking· birds aTe placed, aloug with a cage of Jive birds and articles of foocl and driuk, the wooden peg·s for fastening clown the c:lap-nct, and two coils of rope. :1 Attention has a.lrcac1y been drawn to the ~-shapetl ob­jed nn which one of these two men is sitting·. The man in the booth who is adding a trussed <luck to the already long array of birds and joints of rucat hanging- from the roof, is the ( 'atel'e'1' Bake!.·.

Of the retaineri:i who present Pe1Ji<oukh with live waterfowl, only the two foremost lrn.ve titleR and na.mus attached to them, these being

tlw Lectm·, luspectm' of Draughtsmen. Kamthen­e.nt., n.1Hl the Pliv.siciam, of the (;/Teat Ji oww, !11.~pector of Physicians, J.Vz•eukhkhnumi.

Rf'giste1· 4. Fishermen th·agg:ing their net

to bnd.

A\ bove the group of men hanling tlu.' l'O}H:

to the right. of the Superintendent of the Fishe1·­men, Ffrst under the King of the G1·eat House. tlw J.Vonw-SCl'ibe" . . . . . . . is written tlwir

exhortation to ouc another-Draw it in, co111-1•ade, it is lwavi~y laden! i; Similarly n.bove the:. g'l'fHl}> to the left of that functionary we read:­lt come.s ! 1'heJ; hQll)(!, lamded t/iif; goor.ll?J cutch ! 7

NORTH WALL.

(Pls. IX and X)

'l'his wa11 is occupied by one continuous :iccnc. To Pcpi'oukh and his wife. who al'c ~itting a.t meat aurl being entertained as they cat and drink by musicians-while nearby two members of the l1ouscl10lcl play at cb-aughts­<'LU a.rray of retainers, consisting of nomc-offir­iah1, and c >fficers of the estate. as well as compauies of peasu.nt-serfs, bring food-off er­ing·s of a.11 rlescript.ions.

Ahovt• Pcpi tonkh1s head is writ.ten : - Thr , Basha, Uniqnf Companion, Superintendent of

tlte Royal Dmnain,8 Fi1·.st /wnder/ tlte l\in.<f, Regi.ste1· 3. Netting waterfowl. Supe1·intendent of the Prophets, Pepi•onkh tltP

. . . JVlidcllt>. l3ohind him is a small figure, roughly . Ab~ve the Im~ of l~easants .pulling t~c rope I sketched in black paint, and labelled tlte Jnclge. is wntten ~hnt 1~ eviclently mt~ndecl for ~he Superintendent of the S<:J·ibe.<:, i1 Nefe1·Z,er. Be­uttcnmee of .the di.rec;or. 0~1operations, the First neath Peµi'onkli's chaii' crouches a hound with

,,,,der the Kmg, the Scribe· · · : · · · · · · · ' a, piece of meat in its mouth. Its name, which who stands nearest the dwnp of. reeds :-0 lo~, was in paint only, has enti.J:ely ilisapi>eared m.'/ com1·ade, covei' .1;01wselves (sir). Tl1.1; net ts except for a trace of the sign,.,.,.,,.,..,., Above th<: 1' 111Pf!Jiu[J.

1 wife arc her name a.n<l titles :-Pt'ophetPss of

1 CAJ1ART, 011. cit. Pls. LXXXV, LXXXVU; Sn:nmonn, op. cit. Pl. 117; cf. '.rite Egyptian Expedition 1918-1920, P111·~ II of the Bulletin of the Metropolitan Museum of Art New York, December, MCMXX, p. 20, fig. 10.

2 Cf. CA1•.mc, op. ci/. Ph;. XXXVI, foll. 3 Almost obliternted titles in pah1t onln name diaap­

pen1·eJ.. 4 I (mn~ 11ty (m' · l {ibH ~11 iw illlt·k icsrt,11.

fiatZ101· 1ilistress of Ou.~ae, Kinfis .Acqucdntcmcr>, his tmfe, his beloved, the J.11.u,sician-P1·iestess <d'

r. IJt18t two titles in pitint only; name disnppea1·ed.

n lit Ay r.k n.t11 ?m' ·i i(w).s wdnty.

7 .fi.u·s in .. n•fo lm ?1/J nfr.

~ See n.l1ovo, p. 23, note 2. 11 Ccl'tainly so, according to ~E'.l'JTE.

THE TOMB-CIIAPEL OF PEPJ'ONKIC TJIE MIDDLE SON OF SEBKf.l01'PE AND PEKJLERNEFNRT. 31

l_latZwr. "f.let,11a'(l, wl1ose good name· is Qetit. ~tbo\e the tnlJle between the pai1· arc the usual <lircctioni! for the celebratiou of the fnuerary l><mq uet, the so-call od " List of offerings . . , Bcnea.th l,Ietya'l.1's chair three ntteudants ai-e

very roughl} clrawn in red paint. To the fore­mo~t just the nameQepi is atta.checl. The ccntniJ fiµ:urc is the Ca,fm·e1·1 8~f'eklmeje1'. The writing <1bove the hcacl of the hinderrooRt is obliterated.

R(>giste·rs 1 an.cl 2.

An arra.y of varim1s kiu<ls of food- and clrink­offerings without any texts.

Registe1· 3.

The titles H.ncl nn.nies of the figures of of:. fcrers etc. in tbii:; reg·ister , and the texts des­

criptive of various groups of persons, arc as follows. 1. ller (£.e. l:lctya1_i's) b?·othe1·, tlw L<'ct­O?'. !{e'n·, who is reciting from «t book. 2. The Lectoi-, Kamthenent, who lead:; a 11oun.r; ox. 1

3, 4. 'I'he, te:ward .1..Yer)emit an<l the Kiug's Gentle-11um, Pepisonb, :t bringing a _?Joung m'yx. 5. A man, uame n.nd title destroyed, t1riviug <tn oryx. Above figtu·cs 3 to 5 is •vrittcn :-Bringing s11wll <·(lftlr .. .. /Pepij-<onklt :i the .Middle. 6. The Physidan of the G11·eat House, the Stewcwd, ... Vi't>riklikhnmo. 1 7. Name 11lcgjblc except for Jina] CA, k. 8. The I<in,q's Gentleman, IJepi. 9. The A"ing'.~ Gent/Pman, Tliia .. ~1/· r. 10. Id!J· 11. rpJie ::i111Jn·intendent oftltf' Toilet (imy-r! rlb~),

'l'!tema (?). 1 12. Tlw Stl>wcwd, Nildmem{wtpe. Abovefignres 6to 12 is written :-Bringing along Pver.IJ young tiling, .fetched from hi.-;< ezbeh.~, from. la'.~ l'illages. of Lowe1· and Upp&r' 1!,gypt, by the ka-stw11ants. 13, 14. Two butcl1ers cutting

1 H11 iwJt (sic). The fem. ending t is probably a mistake

fn the sculptor, for. the animal is smely a arnle. 3 Nnme and title in white paint. 3 According to my note book traces of tl1e signs G

were still visible below the ca1·touche in 1913.

4 All in white paint.

6 ::= ~ ~~ ~- Title l\Dd name in white paint.

up an ox. The one on the rig·ht, the Cott>1'er (13.rp [sl.t]) . . . . . . . , sa.ys to his companiou, tlie Stewa1·d. the Uate1·e1·1 Wadnefer :-Gfrf'. u 9ood heave, commde ! i:

Registe1· 4.

1, 2, 3. A male fla11tii:1t n.nd two female harp­ist!'\. For a. large-scale dra"\'\wg of the two lattC>r

sec Pl. X. 'l'hc flautist, ""ho i,q pipin,9 Ve?'.IJ well, is tlte J(ing'.q Gentleman. Emsheth. 7 The two

harpists arc kis dcmgltte?'. hi.~ heloved, Pesher­n~fe1·t, and lds clan9hte1r, his beloved, .Mertit, tinatclLes of the song·s they sing as they Rtrikc· the harp-strings arc written iu front of them,

the words Hssig-ncd to l'eshcrncfert being, Th,. Gold(-goc~ appears 9l01·io11s~11 in the ,qrrat port11/ (of the sky), 8 and to Mertit, Thy (i. e. I.latl)or's) ti!}mt i.~ extolled by Hm·11s (as IJ~~-)· '.i 4, .5. Two

men, the Steward, B'm1·ciri nnd the Kin9'.~ Gentlr•­

mwn, Khulm·t playing- draughts. 10 Emrori l'l<l) :-.;

to his opponent:-. . . . a good thi119 ! 11

1~ $ee EBMAK1 op. cit., p. 12. 7 For the itrticlc of upparcl called 81;, the mn.in element

in t his compound, see 8f~D:E1 AlWgyptiscl1c ~1ramide·11tezle,

§§ 10890, 1285c, J373b, 1507a, I f155a. The ~is probably

to bi! read i111y, Hs seems to be the case in $Er11E, op. cit.

§ 1285c. Judging from the dete1·m. in severnl of the u.bove·

mentioned passages, ii~ was a name for the fillet with tht

wide bow and long streamer11 that so often adorns the hea<ls

of Old and i\lidclle Kingdom. notn.bles, see e. g. Pl. VII. 8 J]' m1:b m 1wt tcrl.

!l J!.l A~mt·! in lfr 'rhis is how ::irwsm renders the pu~­

sage. For the use of ·irb to express the logic1\l subject of /f.J, be refers to Zeilscl1 rift fiir iigyptisclie Spracl1e1 5 7, p. i J

( 19). The meaning ot' ~{!nil here is quite obscure. S~mu.

suggests that it posljibly means " crown " i. c. is for ii~mt!t

(see EIUI \X·GllAJ>OW, Hm1dwiirte:i·b11cl1, p. 169). 'l'he render·

ing '11'hich I proposed, uncl which S}:'mE dnei:1 not think

possible, was:-" ''l'hy sisb·um-phiyer is tall,' saitb Horn!c'."

Por :i~ml = « sistrum-pluyer," se<.1 EHM u.'1-GstAP0\\' 7 0;1. cit.1

Jl . 169. io For other Old Kingdom representations of th<.1 gam<'

of draughts see K1.FJ3S1 op. cit., r- 113, :rnd to the li~t

there given add Bt.ACJatAX, .!01ir11al of P:9y11tian lm•ll(Jcologi1.

vi, p. 207 with Pl. XX.

IL • • •• • i.~ &n 1lfr. As S:EnrE points out, i., is the enclitic

particle, nnd accordingly some word or words must lu1ye>

32 THE ROCK 'I'OlfBR 01'' l\mIR.

Jf.11 hem·t (?) . 1 I let ,1;ou see it (the piece) I the l\.ing uf the {);·eat House. U1ii1p1e /Co111poni­tt£ken, ~ to which Khunrc replies:- You, sa.!f thi.c; on/.., /!epi the Block. 2. Pfrst und1'r t!te l{i119 tno lw.'{tit.lJ (or '1..fYl'ou9ly ). The bocwd is ?ru:nc. :i of the Great Boltse, Unique C'u111panion, 1' .J/epi 6. Tlw )1'h'.~l unde1· the King, Ms (Pepi'onk.h.s) the. Red. 3. Fint wncle1· the J{ing, Supe1•infondeut /mJfh<'1', Ptu{1shepses. 1 7. The King's (}entfe11uui, of La'llCI, his brvtlm· 81•/Jek~wtpe. 4. Ffrst under

/d,i: brnther. Yi' enl:hpiopi the Bl,ack. 8. The the King, /his} b1·othe1• rn, Pta{lsla'p.~e.~ . .?. Jwlgr·

l\/ng'.~ U<'nllemau, his '11•othe:r, JJiufnj11klt. 9. The a1td NoJJte-Aclministrato1· of the (}reat House, his

.Fil·.~t 11nde1· the King. Ms ln·otlwr 1.Iepi. 10. The b1·othf!.1·1 SebekZwtpe. G. '11711~ Lecto1', his lwnlhn'(r), 11

Stewrwd, Pt.tt{i.~hepses. 11. 'l'he Inspecto1· of l'hy- Ph:t;sician of the G1·eal Hou,se, J.Vi«mf.:hklmwn. sicians, Ni•enkltJ.:hnmn. 12. Tlte Btcnw·cl, Klwwu- 7. 1'/tp, King's OentlPman, Piopi. 8. 'l'711' King·f!. nes." 13. The Henesdwl (s111Sw-pr), Sesn~fe1'. Geutle11wn. his bmtha, Klumukk ~). 'l'he King'.'{ .Al.>o,·c the heads of fignres 6-13 is written:- Geutle111nn, the Steword, l}Pkni. 10. The Killg'.-: 1'/rn Seif~ of the E~tate conw with,; ever;!/ 1;oun9 Gentleman, the Stelra·1·rl, l{:isem.<;r~j: 11. T11.e thing, rme17; goocl tlting. 14, 15, 16. 'J'lw three King's GentLema111, tlw 8teWrl1'(/,, ........ 1 ~ bntcltcrs c;wb bear the title Caterer, nucl n,re 12. Tlte King's UPn/leman, tlu• 8t<•ti:111·d, ln­namecl l'espcctively .frne.~ 1

•. Eri, and S~frddmefe1'. S))l'Cioi' r~f" tlte Ka-8ervrmt.-;, Szp<'rintPndr>nt of th<' One of them~ probably lri, is represented as Toilet, K/111nuklt. 1 13. The JCin!f s Ueutle1;um. saying: Get to work.'' Behold the Lector /is co- the Steward, Jcl_1;. 14. 'Phr' Sl1pt>rinte1tdent of ming to) perform (his) task. the Toitet, the Stewa?·d, Nefe1·b<~tel;,. 11 15. Tlte

Re1;i.~/r>1· 5.

The Vl'rhc<l.l line of text. at the left cud of this reg·istcr. P1·esenti1t,'} clt(Jice viands. a.pp1ies to the iwtion of the whole row of :figures1 whose titles a.nd uamEIB cu·e a1:-1 follows :-1. PfrM iinde1·

dropped out in front of it through Lhe carelei.;sness or igno·

l':lncc of the sculptor. 1 RB'L'111·: snys be can muke nothing of ~o.

~ cli-l mJ./c /.it·s, 01· ciao, so ::lHTilE suggests, cl't··i mJ.k iJ·i .~y, '' I c:mse you to sec thn.t l take it."

~ Qd·k m-s)11 n-111.: 1mt. The rendering of m-11)1t :is " too

hastiJy " or " w1·ongly" is 1i suggestion of ::>t:TllE's. For

rt-11k " I hn.ve " see SEnu:, Zeitschrift fiir iiU.l/Jlti~clte 8prache, -~ 54, JlP· •10 foll. The sculptol' had can•ed •· bo;ird "; ,.,.,.,.,,,.. 0

the 1rn..intor, however, has omitted to paillt the - but

has wrongly pt\inted that sign over ~.

~ The titles" and names of figures 6-10 and 12 15

are in white paint.

a Probably a mistake for Khunes, :i well-known Old

Kingdom nnu1e (see Hor.i;~t.1NN1 Theopltoreii l'er11one11namcn, p. 42).

C ReMling !m' the painte1· lmving wrongly changed ___n to <c:A.

' For this name see Mumu Y. Index, Pl. II, col. 3.

~ See En'.llL'11 Re<le11, llltfe w1d Lieder, p. !).

Supe.i·intenllr>ntuftlte Toilet. Kluu~111Zwtpc. 16. Thr1

/::ftewo·;·d, f!.isuser. 1'' 17. 'l.'he Ste1rm·d. /Ot11i.l-;,

18. 71/te Steicanl. J(/wti. 1.• 19. Tltr Kiug'.~ Gr1 ntle-

111an, Companion of the Ho11se. J.{eri. 111 20. The , Ste11•a1·cl. A 1niip' enT.'1i·11~f 1

,, 21. 1'lie S1~pm·1:·ntendent

of tlw K£111g's Sci·ibe.~, Sr:f"eldt17efm·. 1 '' 22. 'l'lu·

Supen'ntendent of the Garden, Feji. 1 ·' .\bow~ Jig·­

iu-es 16 to 22 is written :-Bl'i11,r;i119 eVCi'!/

;ljoung tldn.q, all 1' wa/e;·:f;nvl. by thr~ nn~f'rafr'1'11-

9 This title in paint only.

10 The signs ~ and ~ were omitted hy the sculptor

und there is no trace of this omission b:wiug IJcen rectified

i:>y the pai llf.er.

l.l Acco1·1liug to my notebook the f of s11. ·f is faintly

moul<led, but not painted. 'J'hcrc are no fr1Lces <liscernible

of the sign f. ts Nnme intentionally obliterated.

rn N1une nnd last two titles in black pai11t . . vwwo. oho11ld

be inserted under the final O ~ in cbc narue.

1·1 Lust title and n1imc i11 white paint only. 16 'l'itle and name in white paint ouly.

til Titles and uamc in white paint only.

I 17 The painter has turned the sign ..;:::::::>' ·• all" into

~"thy .•

TUE TO~IB-CHAPEL OF PEPI'ONKJ£ TJrn MIDDLE ~ON OP SEBKI.IOTPE ..l.~D PEKIIER.."{EFCR'f. 33

it.IJ ·of th,11 Estate. 1 23-25. Above the heads of tlte Caterer The.ft and the Cate1·e1· Iri, who are

dismembering an ox, <.lre written the words addressetl to them by the King's Gentleman, Klmti :-Give of the heart, flesh of the fo1·epm·t I 2

\VEST W.Au: NORTH OF THE FA9ADE-8TELA:

(PlR. L'\ and XXVI, 1)

The narrow ::!pace botvrnen the fa~·a.dc-steln, ancl tlw north wall is occupied by representa­tions, iu six rows, of jars containing the usual scvcu v;irietics of tmguent, viz. festival-unguent. tLc unguents desig·nated bknw, .fft, nl!.nm, and tu: Jwt, arnl fo1·eheart-un.9uent :i of cedm·) and j(we­hf'acl-tw,r;11ent of Lib.IJO.

THE FAQADE-STELA.

(Pls. Xl and X~'VI. 1)

The foc:ade-stela, "-hich is 2·65 metres hip;h, from the floor to the top of the corillce, and about 1 me1re 60 cm. wide, is painted to imita,te

rod grauitc, the colours of the stripes on the eornice, beginning- from the south end, being

in the order blue, green, blue, red, blue, green, etc. Tn front of the stela is a platform which extcncls a~ frir as the west edge of the adjacent

burial-pit (see Pl. 1). The two horizontal lines of text at the top read :-a?'ace granted b.?J tlte King, g1·ace g1·antecl b!J Anubi.c; tcho is on ltis hill, a " coming up zmto th(>, voice " 1 .fo1· him

al tile W!g-festivnl, the festival of T/Joth, the festival of Sokm', tlte Opening of the } ·em-, tlte

Ffr.'lt (Day) of tlie Yem\-the Biislla, Cniqve Companion, Superintendent of the Prophets of l.Iatlwr .Jlistrr'.~S of Cusae, Pepi'onkh the ..1.1liclclle.

l i'tntr. nw 111"7.- n, flt1 for which see also Hierogtyphfo

Text.' fr'om Egypt/an Stelae, &c., in U1e British Museum, ii, Pl. 2·!, line 10.

2 8ee E1niAN1 Reden, Rtife 1md Liedi•r, p. 14. V See BLACKMAN, Jo1mwt of Egyptian Archaeolog!J1 vi,

pp. 58- 60. 4 See above, l'· 23, note 1.

The tignre of Pepi'onkh seated before a table is lahelled:-Unique Companion, LectO'r, 1Yefer­ka. In frout of the table is a list of tbc offerings <lesircd for the funerary repast, i. e. one thou­

sand each of oxen, antelopes, gazelles, ibe1.cs, young oryxcs, <lucks or geese of five varieties,

1 loaves of brc11d, ja.rs of beer, psn·cakes, strantlH of 1hread, ancl lcngthR of cloth . .Below this scene and list is written in a i'lingle llorizontal line:­Tlte. Bas/ta, Unique Com1;anirm, S1~pe~·intendent

c~f' th.e Proplt.ets of lJatZio1· }Yfist1•e.ss o.f Cu.~ctr', l'epi' onk/1 t/1e Jlfiddle.

rrhe lower part of the stela is occupied by the sham door: with four verti0<tl Hnes of text on either !:!)de of it. On the left we read: -(1) Grace [/l'Ontecl by the king, a <<coming up

unto the voice ., f<Yr him at the W~gjestivol, fol' Pepi'o1ll.:lt the .Jliddle. (2) Grace granted by Anub­i.~, a '' coming UlJ unto the voice " for liim ot

the festi1 1(1l of Tl1otlz1 tlw Opening of the Yem-. fo1· Nefed.-a. (3) Honour·ed by Osiris. the Supe1·-1:ntendent of the P1'oplzets, Pepi<onkh t/ie .Jfiddle.

(4) Hononrecl b!/ tlie g1·eat god, the Unique Com­pan'ion, N<:f'erlca. On tberight:-(1) Gracegmnt­er/. lJ/j tlte king, /a "coming itp ?.vnto the l)Ofre .,

• fm:f him on tlte Ffrst (Day) of tlte Year, .f;n­Pepi' onklt the. Zvfiddte. (2) Grace g1-rtnted by Anu-61:.~, n, " coming np 1mto the voice " for him, at the festivat of Soluw, fo1· Nefe'rka. (3) Honozwerl blJ Osir'is, the Superintendent of tlte Prophet.~.

Pepi'onklt the ]fiddle. ( 4) Honmt'red O!J tlie great 9ocl, tlte Unique Companion., Neferka.

NOR'l'llER'S RALF OF WEST w ..1LL: SOUTH OF

F A9ADE-STELA.

(Pl. TII)

On this pa,rt of the west wall two men are

clepicte<l seated one on either side of a table, upon and around which are arranged the usna1

reqni~itcH of an Egyptian meal. 'rhe titles of the rnan on the sonth (left) side of the table,

who is sniffb1g a small vase of perfume, are E

34 'fIIE ROCK 'l'OMBS OF MEIR.

mnch jnjurcd, but Ba1·on1 Basha, Chief .Justice,

Vi"zie1·, are still to be rean. The two last titles ouly occm· once again iu this tomb-chapel, on the south wall, where they arc H.ssigned to Pcpi'onlch (see Pl. XV. right end.) Accordingly, the figure <tbove which they occtu· here must

represent tliat same nobleman, a view that finds further support iu the fact that the person

squutting behind the great man's chair and designate<.l [his} eldest [sun}, his 1 beloved, the Unique Companion, Supen'ntendent (?)of . .... . f dll'petintenclentj of the P1·ophets, Ni' enld1pi6pi the Black, l.£epi the Blacl.:, ~ is certainly Pcpi­' oukh' sown son. ·1 rrhe man 8eated on the north (rig·ht) side of the 1·able is entitled the Baron, Basha, Supe1·intendent of the Royal Domain,

Fi1·st nnde'r tfte King, U'Yl!t<J.l'e Companion, Supe1·­h1t<!ndent of the Prophets, the uame being pm·pose­ly erased. though, according· to my note-book.

there were traces of ~ ~ ~ a.nd the enclosing

cartonchc, antl also of ~ 0, all h·aces off-~, however, ]uwing entirely <1isappearcd. l>ossihly that mime was assigned to this figure by an error of the sculptor ancl was erased with the intention of substituting another narne, perhaps tLat of Pcpi 'onkh 's father, Scbekl)otpe. Either the other uame was never su pcrimposert, or else the plaster has fallen away leaving no traces.

Above the table between the two banqueters arc the usual directions for the cclebratiou of the funerary liturgT, the so-calletl "List of Offer­ings," ~tnd also three figmes of officiants en­gaged in <'arrying them ont. They are said to

be pmfonning a, g1'eat beatification, 1 what is asked in the wa:; of offerings. 'l"hc kneeling man

1 '!'he sign ~ undel' mry lrns been accidentally omitt-ed on the plnLc.

~ This nnme is in black paint only.

n See e. g. Pl. XIV, l'ight half.

~ According to my note·book tl1~re are traces of O be·

tween the r nnd ~, omitted in the d1·awiug.

is the Steward, .Nefcrba~t, the luskator, the Physic­ian of tlie Grec~t House, Ni' enkltkh,num, e:tntl the officiant with the book, the Lectm·, J011umkl1.

Above the bitch crouching- beneat.h Pepi­'nnkb's chair is written in white paint her name,

which should perhaps be rend .L\Tul1et, i. e." 8.IJCO­more-tree. '' Behlnd the chair of the seated Iig·tu·<: on the right stands the (In.~pecto1'} 0 of !lie Pro­phets, the Stewm·d, Ukhrne1'[enjklir.f~ i; the figme. 11ame ancl titles being in paint only.

Bottom Register. A procession of offerers.

'"fhe titles and names of the offerers, wlw arc said to be bn'nging choice meats, are as

follows :- 1. The Lector, King's Gentlemwn, Ids /Jrotlte1·, f PPp]i'o11lcli. 2. The King's Ge11tlemau his lYrother, IOw.nulch . 3. The Kin.rfs Ge11tlema11. Fe.ft. 4. The Mustrw of the Wharf (funSw wgrt).' Ptab.sl1epses. 5. The In.~pec/01· of Physicirrns, Ni­'enkhldz;mm. 6. Tl1e Inspector of P1·ophets, Netti. 7. Tlte S11pe1rfot{'nde111t ~f tft.e Toilet, Nedem.ih. S. . . . . ffo11i. U. No uamc. 10. The Prophet.

}lebsu, whose dnty it <lonbtless was to test the p1u·ity of the intcnlleu victims. 8 Above Hgmes 8 to 10 is 1ITittcn :-Bn'ngi,1zg clwice rlaiaties. .fetched by the ku.-se1·vants of the rstate. Tue three live animals lecl along arc fabellecl ymwg ga­zr•tle, young ory,r, an cl ?JOU ng o:c.

WALL ox NORTH SIDE

OF ENTRANCE 'l'O "STA.TlTE-CilAMBER. , ,

(Pls. Xlll and XXIll, 4)

The reli.efs on th1s portion of the west wa11

are of excellent quality, heing carvecl ou blocks

6 C'/. the upper of the two attendants standing behind

Pepi' onkh inspecting the ploug;bing, on Pl. XIV.

G According to my notebook the ~ between the MNW'>

and ~ wus still \·i!lible in 1913.

' For othe1· instiinces of the title sec ~Iuru.cAY, lnder.,

Pl. XLL For the word wlt1't see EmfAN-0IlAl'OW. lland·

u·orlerbucl11 p. 39; STJ:I:-'llont>F, Grab des Ti, Pl. 119 :,.Sr.TJIB) . 8 Seo BLACKJ\Ll.N1 A Study nf the Lit11r.9y celebrntcrl fa tl•~

'l'emple of llie Aton at El-Amarna, in Rccucit d/~tudes egypto· logiqt•C(; dediees a fo m1<moirc de Jean·F1·anr;ois Olm111pollio11 ,

fl· 526.

TilE TOMB-CHAPEL OF PEPl'O~KB TITE l\lIDDLE 80~ Ob' SEBKI.JOTPE AND PEKBERI\"E~'ERT. 35

of masonry instead of on the actual limestone

rock, but they are unfortunately somewhat 'vcathcr-wnrn. Only the tln·ee bottom registers survive, these containing representations of the closely connected operations of brewing a.ncl

baking. 1

Uppermost Reyiste?'.

rrhe Ltd!'..li<111id mash lR being straineLl t.bxough

a sieve into [~ larg·c pan, and the beer thns ob-1aiucd is being· ponrecl off, of course after it has E\t.ood a ~mf'licient time, into sma.Uer ves­sels from which it was taken for drinking.

Second Register.

At the left end a man is seen beating clay for the .im·, ~ i. c. for sealing the beer-jars. Two men engage in conversation over a heap of <laugh or grain, aml next to them a.re two women, of whom, judging from parallel repre­

sentations in the ?1w,~tabeli. of rfi, 3 one ]s passing n. qu<tnt.it.y of mash or flour tln·ough a sieve, while the otltor seems to be pom~ug the con­

tenta of "' bag or vessel into another receptftclc., The Rcnlpt.or of the Meli· relief has almost cert~i:iuly reversed tile positions of the legemfa above 1'he two women, as can be seen from

the alreauy mentioned representations in the ma~tabeh of Ti, where the words nk1· 1 bSJ,

1 For a full bibliogr:.tphy of these brewing and bakinp;

scenes, see KL'F.BS1 llfl.iffs des alteii Reiclies, pp. 90 9-1:

~. DE G. D4Yl'ES, 'l'lie Tomb of A11tefoker, pp. 14 foll. 2 Ifr!1t "jar" is wrongly written ~·?it. 3 Su:r:.oonPP, Grab des Ti, Pls. 84- 86. 1 According to ::)'E'ru1~ 7 is to be read WfT (Copt.

• r1oyKGp), for which see Pap. Ebers, lx, 11, lxxvi, 21;

CruMl'Of,LION, Notices d6sc1·1ptives, ii, p. 381; WnEi'Zl~SKr,

RrojJc .;l[ediziniscl1c Papyrus des Berliner ~11iiscums, xvii, 5. As :i. matter of fact, since receiving i::iETn"E's lettei·, I have

noticed tbat in N}>WRElutY, Be:ni, Hasan, ii, Pl. VI= Kr.Ens,

Die Relic/11 twd Male1·eie11 des mittleren Reiclies, fig. 36, the

action, designated 7 '1(r, here and iu tho mcu;~abeh of Ti,

is t.here netually labelled LI nkr. <::::> .

" passing b.sJ ,, through a sieve,'1 belong to the

woman lwlcling the circular object, and tLe worus sJi ddw t; to the women emptying the bag.

.According to SETHE the sign Li in r~~LI (regularly written CJ~~ §Ji iu the ma.5ta.brh

of Ti), 7 is a cletenninative, and represents a.

corn-rubber (Ma.Llstein). Accorclingly he sup­poses t.hat .5JI, means ·'to knead" or the like.

Iu the 1na~tabelt of Ti the woman, to whom

the legend .~1/, ddw is att~iched, is in every in­

stance seated opposite a woman working a b::tnd­mill, and so we nmy suppose that she is sup­

plying her companion with a fresh quantity

of grist. =is evidently some kind of grain.

for, in a relief dating from the Fomth Dynasty,

it appears (written <=::> g) as the contents of ~o

a granary along with J::, jJ1 ~~ -;::. s

The woman at the mill is therefore grinding the ddw-grain, or else knea.ding dough made of cldw-fiom·. In Lower Nubia at the present llay the women employ exactly the same sort

of mill, not only for grinding- corn, but also for kneading dough and crushing- castor-nil berries. ii

Bottom Register.

At the left end of the register a man is super­vising the heating of })Ots for the baking of

& For biil, perhaps = " barley, ·• see GRIFFTnt, llieralic

Papyri from Kahv.11 and Gurob, p. 44. G SETJD: bas pointed out to me that the words Hi dt/11;

11.lso occur in LEr~ro>:, Denlcmiile1-, Erglinzungsband, Pl. X.\:l,

in the legend r CJ~ c=:::> - ~ MN.M MMM t ~) " ... ing ddw by the female miller."

7 SrnrnnoitF.F, toe. cit. 8 l:fJ3L1lJG·.B.rnUAooo, La CollectUm Barracco, Pl. I (SF.Tm:);

see also DAtUMiiSY, Amiates dii Service rles .An#q1iites, xvi, p. ~ 11,

where the w<lrd is written c=:::> ~ M } : .

9 A. M. lltAC1orAN, Jlfan, ix, ·p. 101 :fig. 4. }!) 2

36 THE ROCK TO~IB8 OF MEIR.

br.eacl. a. method of baking which is fully clcs- I cribed by Fxuulein Kurns on pp. 93 foll. of her admirahle Rrliefs des alien Reiches, to which reference has so often ~h·eady been macle. Next to him is a man placing a loaf or cake for b;1king on t.be top of that kind of oven des­cribed ou p. 92 of the above-mentioned wol'k. Such ~tll oven consisted of a ti·iangulal' basis formecl by three Aat stones, on top of which a fourtb was laid, and on this upper stone the bread to be bnko'1 wn,s placed1 as on a girdle. rrhcre is :m excellent example of this kind of oven in ·wmnEMANN-PORTNER, Aegyptische U-rrrb1·elip.f's ems dt1r (-h·ofilie'rzoglichen Alte1·turner­Sammlit11g zn Karbm1lte, Pl. IV, where the thl'cc nnderl ying stones ai·c seen to be rest­ing- on little clay cones, like those described iu Meir, ii. p. 34 with note 4. In om relief "·e sccru to ha\ c depicted a whole row of such " ovens, " beside which sits a cook holtl-1ng one hand before his face to protect his Eiyes from the heat an(l glare. ~tnd with the other no doubt (it is now destroyecl) poking np the fire. 1

At the rig·ht enu of this register, two men <trCl clepictod cooking in a pot set on a brazier,' their actjou being designated m,a/dng o stfr (lit. a stor·m.-winit). Below them are to be seen two otheJ· men eng<tged either in putting dough into the heateu breacl-moulds, or else in sha1Jing it into cakes for baking on the " oven · · <les­cribOll above. Above the man on the right is ~Titten :-K11eadiilg (?) '·green b1·ead '' (!is t:-w~2:), ~ " green hl'cad .. , tJ w~d, being evi­dentlr some particular kind of bread. The words above the man on the left ru·e :-Toste t/ir. S(Jlt . ..

1 See K1.1rns, op. cit., p. 91, fig. 73. 2 ll'or ot.ber oceiu·1·cnces of this legeud sec MoG'Cl'IS:EN,

La 1.Tfastab4 6g!Jp6ien de la Gt11ptotltl:-rrue ny Oarlsberg, p. 34; BmlOUAllU'.r1 Crabdenkmal cles J(onigs. Ne·usei··J'e', p. 12~.

J?<Jr the last refo1·ence I tun indebted to SE'l'H"A.

WEST \VALL : SOUTH OF ENTRL'ICE TO

,, STATUE-CHAMBER."

(Pls. XIY and XXII-XXIY)

' l'hc l'eliefs on this part of the "·est wall arc excentecl entirely in plaster and are, espc­cia Uy in point of colouring, the best presen ed in the tomb-chapel. 'J'he scenes here depicted fall into t\\ o distinct groups, the northern being clevotccl to ploughing- and pastol'a.l episodes. t;ho southern tu harvesting. It should bo uotcd tb~Lt several of the peasants in both groups of scellcS ha,ve beards and whiskers. In man; cases also their names are written beside them in white paint.

The Scrnes of Ploughing.

Cla<l i11 a panther-skin and leaning· on a staff, tlw Basha, Gltief Lector, C11iq11e Com· pm1ion, PPpi'onldi the 1lliddle, stands viewing the pkmghi-ug in Ids villages of Lowe1· onrl

Up/H'1' Egypt, tl1e fe<'d1'ng (?) of tlie. ·' leope·r.~ ·· of tltr stall (?) of (the pools or lakes cnlled) t!tr' Old Jlfan ~~'v) (and) the fmt, (and) r~f' the Ocean (w~d-w(r)).

The latter part of this line of text is very puzz­

ling-. Professor SETIIE suggests that <::::::> n ==> e<t """"""'!' D I I I

perhap~ means the "feeding of the 'leapers' '' rather than " the young leapers, " as I reu<lered the words. I suggested that stpw " leapers" wasi a designation of the goats and kids, which arc­depicted lea1)ing in the top registe1·, ancl Pro­fessor SETllli, who thinks that, in view of tl1e

determinative, '' leaper " ruust be the name for some kiucl of fish (flying fish?), " can like­wise see in that term only some playful allus­iou to the g·oats (ancl the calf?) who are leap­ing. '' On the other hand, as he says. " wh}tl follows (the mention of pools or lake1:1 and the sea) agrees with the idea of fish but not with g·oats. "

.H'or §tp " leap, " "jump, " see SETHE,

ii[J!)ptZ:sclte Pymniidentexte, 947 a, and for Alt­

<>Haao LJI'

THE TOMB-CHAPEL OF PEPrONKIT TilE MIDDLE SON OF SEBiqIOTPE AND PEKHER~~FERT. :n

sl-1n» "staiI, " see Urkunden, i. p. 78, line 16. SETHE also refers me to LEPSIUS, Denkmaler. ii, 96.

The determinatiYc of the name i1w is formed as in the adjoining cut and not as on Plate XIY, where a sh01·t vertical line has been "wrongly pnt. in at the bottom right-hand corner. 'rhe signs

in the lower part of the co- .---

lumn are less well m<ml<l.ed '------r t;l1an those highur up, and ,

1 1 d Deterlllinative of 11w they are ni so somew Lat. e-

]

faced and discoloured, but the sign in question seems to have been painted red not blue. rrhis may be dnc to carelessness on the part of the pa~tcr. for the sign, cxpeciall y in view of t~at "hich determines both the associated w01·ds Imt and WJ4-w(r). and which is blue in either case, can only be H rather badly formed c::::=:J. No other

example of a pool or lake named ~ ~~ ~ c::::=:J

seems to occur.

Wlth rega.r<l. to ~ ~ ~ c::::=:J, jmt, I suggest­

ed to Professor SJnllli very tentatively that it migl1t possibly have some connection with

the word ~ ~ ~::: ~ "se:1," "great stretch

of water," antl he too thinks that this is just possible. rl1ho cliflicnlt.y is, however, that our

wor<l ~ ~ ~ c==i is feminine, whereas ~ ~ ~ '.::::: c:==> is masculine and. moreover> does not ~'.I!

o<•cur till the time of the New Kingdom, being a loan-\\ orcl from Semitic ( = Hebr. c;). It might

here be noted that according to BRUGSCH, Dic­

tionnaire geog1·aphique, p. 23. ~ T i=:c (Yar.

~ ~ T, ~ \ ~) f,a,-also masculine-js the

narne for the inumlated land of the seYenth

(Hiospolitc) uomc of Upper Egypt.

fl i ~ ~ c::::J is certainly to be read W1d­

'tc(?') = "the g-rca,t gTeen (Ocean), " according· to SrcrilE. w·ho informs me that the final ?'

was lost early ~md that to t.he best of his

belief examples of the writing ! ~ ~ (cf.

.c:::i ~~"for f.{m-wr. Athribis) are to be found

akead)~ in texts of the I\Iicldle Kingdom. In front of Pepi'onkh stands his eldest so;1,

his beloved. the Ufliq11e Companiou, S111nri1l-tendcnt of the P1·ophets1 [ l:Iep}i 1 the BkLck, and behind him, tlie Ffr.st under the King of the G1·eat IIonse, }n~7)(1,cto1· of the P1·ophets, the Stew­m·d, Uklimie1•' e'Ylkhef, holding a i·oll of papyn1s. and his son, his beloved, tlte Unique Compa~don (am cl) Lectm·, Nt enld1piopi, whose good ?6a11ie is J:fepi the Red. This last-mentioned man's titles an<l. names arc written coarsely in black paint

over n.n crasw·c.

Register 1. A pastoral scene.

A goat-herd squats on the ground, while the

111 specto1· o /the Artisam, Ibenmut (r! i ~ ? j ~) 2•

plays a pipe and the goats dance to the strains. In the midst of the gambolling goats a peasant. bearing 1.he name of Nefen·?iy, lops branch off a tree with an axe, to give the goats some­

thing· to nibble.

RegistPr 2. A ploughing and sowing acene

(see Pl. X.~IV).

\Vell worthy of notice is the cow scratch­ing its nose with a hind-leg! The driver is named Sethi' onldi, the ploughman Tr'fsnewef and the sower apparently I ntef. bis title being­ilJegiblc. The photograph (Pl. X..~IY1 2), taken with a stroug side light, shows some grain:; of corn falling from the sower's upraised hand, which I failccl to observe when making my drawing, the faintly incised lines being Yer;­indistinct on the dark slate-coloured back­

ground.

1 Traees of the O were still visible in 1913. ~ So the nnme is rend by SETHE.

38 THE ROCK TOMBS Ol<' MEIR.

Re9Wr>1' 3. Two teams ploughing. I Registe1· l. Flax-hai·vest.

The ploughman on the left is named Qebi The stalks of the standing crop. amid which nnd his driver Sebkltenen. The other ploughman j the quail are running about, arc painted green, and <lriver are named respectively Neferibd j the flowers being- indicated by a band of blue and ln!J. a1 the top.

lle91"stei· 4. A led te"m ploughing, followed I Registei· 2. Cutting the com. by two cows prodded on by a herdsman.

'I1he herdsma.n driving thi;i two cows is called

l:lotpi. The ploughman and his chive1· are respectively uamcd lbd£ and Tef'enkllnef 'rhe man len.J iug the team is unnamed.

Register 5. Yet another led team ploughing aud foJlowed by two undriven co,vs.

'l1he man leading- the ploughing oxen bears the name of Nebi, the ch-iver and ploughman

being called respectively ld.1J and J;lekni.

Registe1· 6. An unnamed herdsman driving five cows anc.l a Romewhnt obstreperous bull.

Tl1f' SceJtes of Ha'i'Vestiug.

Pepi•onkh seated in an ebony carrying-chair, which h:u1 hecu set on the ground, watches t.bc harvesti11g. We al·e put iu mind 0£ the

ebony cniny in g--chait of Prince J?:erc1idif, a

hero of OH(' of the Papyrus Westcar ta.lcs, his

chair also being- " set down, 1' in that case to

ena.blc him to stand up and address old _!)edi. 1

..i point worthy of notice is the curious con­trivance, coloured blue with white and black

cdg·ing·, which looks like half an anklet, clip­ping a, part of Pepi•oukh·s skirt to his ankle.

:;o far as my knowledge goes, this object is depictetl nowhere else.

Pcpi•o11kb holds u. reed-pen in his hand,

with which, so it would appear, he is i·epre­:mntcd aR writing· the inscription iu front of

him: - Viewing the 1·f'aping of barley (and) Rpelt, (ancl) the 7J'lliilli??g cl flax.

1 ErnrA.'1"1 Die J.1li,i·clten des Papyrns Westcar, vii, 12-14.

Again the quail m·e depicted as scuttling· ~t1ont, like our own partridges, amjd the stand­

ing· corn. Among· the reapers walks tlte Kin,r/.s Ge1itleman, Teti' onklt, holding 111 one hand a couple of live wnterfowl, ancl in the other ~t

pot of beer suRpencleu from a string· and also the rope attached to a calf, which he is 1Ek'1.d­ing along. One of the reapers facetious! y- calls ont to him:-Beer for me.1 I'm cutting bes/10 ! This iR one of the tag-utterances of Old King­dom harvest scenes, and ERMAN 2 thinks that some witticism is implied in the mention of

the word "bcsha" (bsl)> which he holds to be a kind of fig. ·1 Behind Teti<ouk.h is the Ki1i9's Gentleman, J..Veuki, who has plucked ears of corn ancl. i1:S ru bbiug them between his handR to extract the grain.

R~giste1' 3. Lou,dir1.g 11.sses witb great nets containing- the cut corn.

Above tho right band group of donkeys is

written lifting 1 the barley and above the left haud group ltf~ing t!ie .rpelt. Facing Pcpi•onkh

in his caITying-chair is tlte Nome-Scribe, J{/ni­

su/tdcll, holding out to him a long roll of pa­P)'l'US, in which is doubtless r ecorded the num­

ber of sheaYes loatlecl on to the asses' backs. Between the 1eft-hanJ pair of asses and the

scribe Khmmnkh is a puzzling word r ~ ~, sJl. Professor SETHE thinks with me that it

2 Reden, .Rttfe mui Liecler, p. 22. s For anothei· view ns to the natu1·e of b§J see above,

p. 35, note o. '1 SdU ia probably n. mis·spelling of Jdt, which is used

elsewhcN1 in tliis connection (a. y. LEJ>stus, DC'llkmate1', ii, 47a).

THE 'rOMB-CIIAPEL OF PEPI'ONKH THE MIDDLE SON' OF SEBKJ;TO'l'PE AND PEKIIERNEFE&T. 39

may be the name for the net containing the sheaves on the donkey"s back. c. Or," he adds, · · does it beloug· to the feminine word bdt . lt' ·~ " spe .

Regi.ster 4. Asses treading out the gram on the circnlar threshing-floor.

The mnn who is <lriving the beasts forward calls out to the other fellow: - Drive t/ien1

?'02vn.cl! 1

Regi"stn· 5. 'l1hc l:lta.ckiug of the trodden

~h·aw.

rfltc bnnd1eR of frodden straw are being brought on donkey-back to be stacked, the rick being <lepicted at the north end of the register. Such ricks, with the cnrious pro­jections at the top corners, appear in a good many Old Kingdom reliefs. 9 The trodden straw seems genera1ly to have been heaped up close beside the threshing-floor by men with wooden forks, and the cloukeyR introduced here do not figlU'c in this operation as represented

ch:1ewhere.

Peptonk/i'.~ W(fe and Relations.

Beneath Pcpi 'onkh is a reprcsentati on of his wife, the J(?:ug's La.dy, King's .Acquain­tance, Prophetes.t/, of .f.latZuYI' Mistrp,ss [of C1.1sne]. ]Jetya'h, 'll'!iosr> good name i<> I;letit, seated be­fore a table of offerings. Au attendant, the Cotn·r>r, l'Jefeklmefer, depicted in pygmy size, holds ont to her a basin. no doubt for her to wash her hands before she begins to eat. Beside her chair is another attendant, tlir> Supe1'intendent of . ... , 3 holding- in one hand

1 See E1rnAN, op. cit., pp. 26 foll.

au indctermina.te object, a.ml in the other a vessel, abo,·c which is ·w1·itten '( 'ntyw-per­fumc:. '' A man in the fomth register of the

harvesting scenes, the oft-recurring Inspector of Phy.~icians, J.\TtenlJtldmu11i1 faces J;fetya.'l.1. a.ncl holds out for her aecepta.nce in one harnl a pair of water-fowl, while in the other he holds a rope attached to a. calf, and also a col'<l, from which a jar of beer is suspenderl. rl"h.roug·h the action of this figure lfetya'Zi iR tacketl on 1.o the scenes of harvesting an<l. iR emtbled to participate in them, while at the snme tirne she partakes of a repast.

Behind Pcpi'oukh and his lady arc fin' row1:1 of relations.

Row l.

1. 'l.1heir eldest son. thf' Uuique Componio11. Superinteudeuf of thf' Prophets, J;lepi, the Block, who is accompanied by 2, his n·ije, Ids be­loved, Tf.t, 1 3. his <laughter (?), the King·s Acquai11toncc, J)uftet, and 4. his son, Nef Prkai.

Rnw. 2.

l. Their second sou the Unique Com.z;c1nio1i, tl1,e .Lecto1·, l)epi tM Red. 2. Tlte Kirtg's Gentl.e-1nan1 Nefe1·lca.i. 3. Tlie King's Acq1£ainta11cr>, lfetit.

Row. 3.

1. [ '.l'lie '0111dr>/i ({/'] a?I 'Ezbf'/1, Un£qne Com-prmion, .. , .... . . 1". 2. The First imder tlir-

King, l.Ik!tbeneu. 3. The King's .Acquairdrmcf', fletit.

Row. 4.

1. . . . . . . . Peklter1wfert. 2. The Ki11g"s Geutlemau, Pepi('ou}kh. 3. F.feti'.t.

:t 8ee SrEIYVOHFJ~ Cro!J ties 2i: Pls. 126. 128: .JlCUJUr . ~'JU'U' ., !/d,$/Q~ 1; n.. J7.· a;._ , .Su. tik' .2""~ ~ ~ ;TU'.. t:e<:i- ,.:.., i~ ,/""""'~Ju .1~1.t Jid~

.t'f.' ~U .. "': / ' ' 'l!/.ru'l'11Ull•J.l:Clt'.Sl"vllf'.-.oy ' '" •'lJal'.l <>varbl'1·, J lmn0 .::"

3 Perhtips Sup1Jri11te111le11t nf tlie Hairdressers or Perfumers & According to my uotc-book there were still tr11Cc!'t

(SErm:). of ~!tl in 19 l :l; see nlso nbove, p. 8, note 2.

·10 TIIE ROCK TO~IBS OF :MEIR.

Row 5. I P1·ophflts of lf atlior. whose grent nr1111e i . .;; Sel.Jk-

1. Hi.<1. d"ughtPi', the King's .Acqiiaiiztance, hotpe. Honou:red by tlie god. hi.~ good 1wme r I 2 rm JZ' • /"Y l p ,, "I. being I,Iepi. T he mother is designated :-Ilis JJ.Prtit . . .J. ne .n.ing S creJ?t eman, ezn OU { l .

SOUTII WALL: 'WEST E~.

(Pl. XV).

On this pa1·t of the sonth wall Popi 'onkh, hil:I father Scbkl~otpe, and bis mother P ekl1er­nefort, are <lepictod sitting each before tt table. on which are faid the usual conventionnlly represented slices of bread. T he two smaJler figures of the parents face the larger figure of their son. A company of sons, daughters, and other relatives sit, or rather sqnat. in their elders' presence, bnt apparently do not partake of any of the food.

Above Pepi<onkh is written:- Baron, Basha, !Te u:lw is in t!tP. Chamber, Herdsman [of .... Veklien], . . . . . . C'la'ef Justice, Vizie?'. Super­interulent of the Scribes of the Ki119's Record-"/ . . . . . . . . Chir>f Lect01·, Smibe of the God's lJook, Real 811 pei·intendent of Upper Egypt, 11

Sem-P1·iest., (Controller) of Every [Kilq,4 Ffrst wide?' the King in the Hoitse of the G?·eat One/' Super·intende·,,,t of tlw P?·ophets, Pep£'onkh the 111iddte.

Below this anay of titJes is a list of ar­ticles of food antl other commodities requir ed by the deceased. to the amount of 1000 of each item. UnJer Pepi'onkh·s chair crouches his hound, much defaced, whose name. writ­ten in white paint. seems to be Kl1eld1~f:

AboYe the father is vvritten:-His fatlte1', F~1·st under th<> ](i11g. ~ 'zpm·intendent of th<'

1 The finnl t has been painted out.

I (l___.DJ) 2 Im.y-rJ shw < ~ n.~wt.

s Reading ~ <:::> ~ MN<M j ~ [~]; see above,

11· 21>, note B. 1 S:ermi proposes reading here r ~ \~) [~ o] ~,

the sculptor having acciuentally omitted ~· li Not in Miss ~1t1RRAY's list of Old Kingdom 'l'itlcs.

mothe1·, the King's Acqun i1ttance, Prophetess r~f'

}.latZio1·, ltonoiwed by hP1' Mist1·e,ss (i. e. TJatl)or), Pflche1·nefm·t, whose goocl name is Bebi.

Alte11.clant Telatives: Row 1.

Reading from left to right the titles aud rnm1es are as follows :- 1-3. Men, names des­troyed. 4. P(!)pi<onkh. 5. Man, name destroyeJ. 6. The King's .Acquaintance, J.1Iertet~f-;. 7. Tlis son, Ffrst nuder tlte King, Superh1tenclent of Land, [PeviJ'onkh. 8. Pfrst imder the King, Sebk)wtpe. 9. Ffrst widm· the King, Scribe of t/11• Temple, Metltsiima. 10 . . . .. . .... . fP,,p}i'onkh.

Professor SETHE sends me the following note t\l tl

on the name Methsruna: - " l would rec'td :=

/~ i. e. either lift-sw-·mJ = ' See (0 Mother), he (a relative who has died) is new (renewed) ', -so says the father at the birth of the child:

or J.l!-Jiu'-"?nJ = ' See, he is ~1nJ ' ( cf. ~ :=

.) ~) " . Against the combination:::::=.)~ 1s the fact that ~~ >~ is never writ­

ten with~·

Row 2.

1. Woman. The Killg's Acquai1dance, Jler . . . 1

2. The Kin9'.<1. Gnlileman, Tl1 etit. 3. The

King's Acquaintance, Bebi. 4. The Kinf/S Gentle­man, . . . . . . . . 5. The. Kiug's Gentleman, Ima. 6. The King's .Acquoiiltn.nce, flemi. 7. Ffr.~t

nrule1· the King, He:rd,<;man of the Thentet-cow.~. ll<>pi. 8. The King's Gentleman, Pt>pi'onk!t. 9. Th <' Kh1g's Qe,ntlemrm, lliiberl;,is. 10. The King'.' Acqnaintance, 11l<wtetefi;. 11. [His] daughte1·, Pelche?'11efert. 12. Woman, name obliterated.

1; i frequently stands for ~ ~ in ns.mes : cf. ~i \ r~.

7 Traces of ~ still visib)e in 1913.

l

'l'HE TOMB-CHAPEL OF pgp['QNKU TIIE MIDDLE SUK OF 8EBK~OTPE Al'iD PEKIIERNEF.ERT. <U

SOlrJ'R \VALL: MIDDLE AJW E.iST END.

(Pl. XY)

'l'he scene, nnfortmuitcly much damaged, occnpying- the miclclle· and east end of the south w«tll, depictR the <omdehs uf the towns and ' czbchs being broug·ht before Pepi•onkh to have their accounts audited. 1

Pepi'onkh. who siti:i in a kiosque, is being presented by a. bowing i'!Crihe with two pa.­l>)'rus rolls, in which, no doubt: have been en1ered the final statement of accounts ancl of dues tha1 hn.,-e been or are to be paicl. In front of the great man are two rows of 'omdela; or headmen, w·ho arc prostrating themselves almost

to the ground as the:· euter his presence, al­ternating ·with two rows of scribes, who are seated and making entries in t.lwil· books.

Upper Row of Scribes.

The fig·nres of the scribes in this i·ow have entirely disappeared, except for part of a leg and foot at the west end.

Uz1pe1· Rou.: of 'Omdclts.

The ngill·es of the 'omdehs have been much defaced, and their names and other labels, once doubtless attached to them, ha'e been also destroyed, except at the wes1 eud of the rnw, where the uame JJoisltlef ~ is st-111 legible.

/Jo11·er Roll' of l:k-ribe.~.

The scribe nearest to Pepi'onkh in the se­cond ro" is tbe Judge. Snperintenclenl :i ~f' .. . . . . ..... Enkh[~f'?]. Paxt of the character­istic scribe's out.tit (IJ1·t-<) is still recognisable

1 Cf. STJ:INDOlm", Grab des Ti, lJI. 128.

2 f ~ r~J~ 11 He who is behinu his possessions"

i. e. protects tl1em (8m·1tt.). 3 fm!J·rl, now disappea1·ed, was still visible in 19 L3.

in ·front~ of him. The titles and name of the second scribe are destroyed. Those of the third

are Saibe nf the King's Records, Judg<', Super­intendent of tlie Scribes, Kamtltenent. 1 rrhe fourth scribe is the .Judge, Superintendent 6 of thP Scribes . ..... .

Lowe1· R<>w of ·omdelis.

.Above the first on the left is

WTitten:u TlieTown-<Omdehs(l)~:w- rrr ~ ~ ~~ or[~J nwt), who have come from t/ieir ~~

tozrn(s). The names and any other MNVV>

labels, that. may once: have been attache<l to the remaining .figures in this row, have disappeared.

Immediately behind Pepi<oukh, within the kiosque, stands the Stewa1·d1 Neferha~I. Behind Pepiconkh, outside the kiosque1 are his wife (titles and name destroyed), his son, his beloved, the Ffrst under tlte Kin.91 Uklt{/,lenen]. 7 and

another sou(?) 8, the 'Omdeh of an 'Ezbeh, Unique Companion, [Pep]if o}n[ld1j, ........ Nefer-kai.

Behind this grou1> of figures sits a compauy

oq=retyn(Vs relatives, originally eight in number. arranged in paii·s one above the other. Eat'l.1 i>erson is supplied ·with a ta.ble of provisions. Figures 1 arnl 2 are completely clestrO) ed. 3. A roan whose names and titles are destroyecl. 4. . .. . .. Entef. 5. The J(ing' s Acq11llintance. Prophetess of f{atZlor Mist1·ess of Cu.~ae) the brother of lie1· (i. e. ~et.~r::l'l,t'R) .fatlie?', 11fe1·i."'

- -- - - ---- ---- - - - ---- -4 LJ ~ r=. + + Q J. 'l'he first three signs were still

legible in 19 lB.

r, The top of the ~ of fmy-rJ wns still to be seen in

1.913. 6 Restoration suggested by Snux.

8 ~MM.Y. 7 Cf. Pl. XlV, left end, 3rd row. '!'he signs ,9..~ coulcl still be read in 1913. m""""""'

8 See p. 8 with notes 1 and 2. s l. c. Meri was the uncle of I:Jetya'~1 1 the King's Ac­

quaintance and Prophetess of :i:Iathor. For tbia m1m11e1· of

stMing relationships ace S&rnL, Zeitscltrifl fiir ii!/?Jplisrlie

1"ip1·achc, 19, pp. 95-99.

F

42 THE ROCK TOMBS QI!' :itEIR.

6. The King's Gentleman. Use1·. 7. !)emit, her .~on, First 'nnder tlte King. Klati. 8. The King's

.. Lcquaintrin <·e, Pto ph etess of I;latb or (i. e. ~ etya' I~), l1cr mother, Neferi'rus, whose good name is Fe/i.

The whole of the bottom p<'trt of the scene i::; occnpied by a number of officials, who are

clonbtless supposed to be taking part in the in­

qnisitiun. Those immediately below Pepi'onkh's wife and son ::i,nd the relatives-six in all­

are st.n.nding·; the remainder ~ire a.rrangcd in. two rows, half facing· west (tjght) and bill' cast (left) . Of the six standing figmes, the three hindermost, who rn:e bending forward in an attitude of i·cspect, have no titles or names attached to them. The other tlu,ee bear each

the otherwise unknown title ~ ~ Jffi I? 0

, ~ C> !WW""" L:J ?

im.1J-bl lrn ... t, the first of them having the name, a.ppn.rcn tl y, of Sebkn[ak~t].

Upper Row of Officials.

l. ~ --.. The Supe1·intende:nt of tlte. Land­, 'ci-ibe.~, Uin. 2-4. ~ Names a.nd titles de­

sh-oyed. 5. ~- The King's Gentleman, Ba~·. 6. ._ The Jndr;e (?) and Sc1·ibe, Shepses. 7. Destroyed. 8. +-- The Jiidge and Sc1vibe.

1.. . . .. . . . . . . . 9. -<- ~ 'fhe Steward (?) .. . . . . .i' 10. < The Subordinate of the Head o.f the (hanoit"!J, lr!f. 11. ~- The Subordinate of the llerrd of thr>. Gmnary, Neby. 12. EntiJ·ely de­

l'ltroye<l.

lower Row of Officiol.s.

1. ~ Entirely destroyed except for a trace

of the title Superintencle'Tlt of tlte Scribes ('?) •> 1 r. . 3 TZ ... . l -· - ...... ~e1·f-r1. . ~ ie A:iupenntenc ent

of the Scribes{() ......... 'EnkMwf. 4. __.._ The Superintendent of the Lancl-Sc1,ibes, ...... rer. 5. ~~ '11/ie In.specto1· of the Wa.slier'mcn (?)~, Idu.

~ J.~ ~~~

1 So:-<:::§) iii 1913. n•· ''•~

6. .. 171e Inspector of the Wosl1e1·111en (?I. I1itefidi£. 7 . ._.. 'l'lte King'.~ Gentleman, IJenk[u]. 8. ~- The King's Gentleman, the Scril,e. Ifepi . 9. -.- 'The .Judge. Mouth of the Book. besi.

10-12. Entirely destroyed.

EA.ST WAT,L: SOUTH OF ENTRANCE: ~lIDDLE

ANU SOUTH END.

(Pls. XVI, xxvr, 2)

On thiH portion of the east wall I.he Bashr1,, Unique Companfon, Pez)i'onkh. the Middle, i~

depicted presicliug over the periodical levying· n.nd receiving of the impost on the herds of cat.tle an<l g-oats. He stands leaning on a !oitnff, duly attended by his sou, his belo1Jed. tl1e Kin.r/.~ Gentleman, the Phykirch, Kl111nukh, 3 and by four retainers, while the rattle, which are to be

handed o,·er tn him in the way of impoflt, an·

driven past. him. 1

Almost the whole of the lower haU or the scene is occupied by fom vessels, two nuder foll sail, nud two being rowed. Shippi11g-. be it observed, figures prominently in a, simifar Hcenr i11 tho tomb-chapel of D~utl.1otpe 3t El-Bers heh, ~

where thn,f, noble is clea.rlr reprc~rnntctl fts having come by river to the place of inspecti1111 and reception of tlic imposts. But the little in­scriptions attached to the boats in our i:icene at

Meir, mentioning- as they <lo the Guodl.IJ JVl' .. ~f aud the [weste1'11] cemeter.lJ-ldll (see below under Regisf P?' .'J), transfer the action to the life after de~1th, i. e. though the relief represents Pepi•onklt ns cngagecl in one of the dutic~ attaching to his

office of nomarch, yet these funerary allusions

ib., 322 (St-:nrn). 3 This figure is 11. later addition 11.nd hos been rather

roughly cut in the plaster; see Pl. XXVI, 2. i rtr '"' .,,. ~ vu~ T.l .. ,.,.:1·11::."' 1 (.1. 10 1 QO /l. .., ~, ... ll .. 1.('t?' ..

2 Or pcrhn.ps "Keepers of tbe things" (iryw iQwt). Cf. t.l1e :Bulletin of the MetropolitAn Museum of A1·t New Yodt. December, MCMXX, µ . 18, ug. 8.

c:::=::> c-::i, M,\tt1El'TE, ll:l t b "O c-::J c:::=::> •t. "8 0 0

o-c= • a8 a as, t ; -o--== 0

c/ iv.1 1., ; 6 Nmvn1mn:r, El-Bei·sheh,. i, Pls. XVIlI, XIX.

TIJE ·ro~IB-CHAPEL OF PEPI'ONKII THE MIDDLE SON OF SimK~IOTPE AND PEKIIERNF.FERT. 43

make it clear that it is the dead not the linng Pepi•oukh who is thus occupiecl. Accordingly while the artist ·woulcl h:lYe ns think of his noble patron as still receiving the impost of

ca.ttle and goats. yet '' e arc to suppose that. be receives them not with ~t view to inc1·eas­ing the revenues of his earthly feudal domain or those of the central government, 1 but as l"lill accession to hi!:l mortuary enclowment, in order that he mn.y be kep·I furu:ished through­

out the ages with libci:n.l supplies of meat. rrhe scene. therefore, like that of the voyage

to Ab) dos in the tomb-chapel of Amenefill}.ot at Thebes,~ is an ideal oue and possesses, a8

thus <lepictecl in the tomb-chapel. no objective

reality. The action of the whole scene is thus

described in a line of inscription in front of

Pepi·onkh :-Exoction of the iMpost of cattle and goat.~ due from (ny) the middle nomes. Inspection of the oxen and goats.

The four atteuuaots of Pepi•onkh are 1. The Pli11sician of the G1·eat Ilouse, [Ni]' enldi[khmmi], .ilso beniring the appellation Inspector of the Plqpicians, 1l1emv; 2. the First imde1· the Kinf) of t./i,e Gh·eat .Ti ousr~, Ti·ermtrer of tlie God, 111.ethsiima(?);:) 3. the Insvecto1· of Prophets vVa'(?); t

4. the Supei·intendent of . . . . . Nef r7·balft. 0

cattle and tw·ns his her<l round at the souml of his colleague's niice, Mol:e thern come.; in good 01·de?' (r nfr w;l)) ! See, the magistmte is waiting (lit. stancling) ! Go on! Above the first group of cattle, beginning from the right (south) end, is '\Yritten 7 60,000, above the secon<l,

7000, above the single bull 700, and a.bo'e the last group of cattle 77. Immediately in front of Pepi • onkh the Supe1·interulent of a

Depa1·tment of the 'J'enants of the (heat House, 7

Supe1·intendent of Scribes, Sonb, is squatting on the ground aud making an entry in a pa­PY1:us document. 'rhe entry is writien ill front of him, above the document; and consists of a series of numerals. The relief is 1mfortunately damagell. ;it this point an(l only the following signs, or traces of them, are now preserved:­

,~~~-)))@. 'l'he broken spaces allow ~~~~-Ill@ for the restoration of h>o more signs for 100,000, and three more for 10,000, so that these uumerals woulJ ta.11y with those given above the first group of cattle, namely 760,000. Hut no other !',!igns arc missing, so tha 1

the signs for a hunth:ecl <lo not correspond with t~ose inscribell above the bull, and also there are no tbousanus, tens, or units at all. Perhups we are to suppose that the scribe's entry is only in process of being made,-hc i::i clepictecl actually as writing-and that he

Registe1' 1. C<1.ttle being driven into Pepi- has not yet completccl the hundJ:eds, S(.1 na-<onkh·s presence. l l d tm-ally has not entcrm tic tens an tmits.

Brandishing a stick, tlte Herdsman; Gang- On the other hand the thousan<ls shoulcl pre-8uperintendent, !Jeni, w:ives along the droves cede the hundreds. Perhaps the sculptor has of cattle that arc a.<.lYaucing towards the nom- omitted them owing to lack of space. arch. He calls out to the Gang-Superinten- The name aml title of the official who facei' dent, J:fenmr.fei·, who walks at the head of the Herunefer, a.ntl holds out his hand in the at­

----- ---- ----- - -----1

titude of ad<l1·essiug bim, is illegible. He seem!"

1 See e. g. Bumsnm, J111cie11t Record..~, i, § 522. 2 See DAYU:S·GA1111rxEn, Tomu of .Amenemhet., pp. 46-48. a Po~sibly the sniM name is to be read here as that

d1sc~1ssed on p. 40. Both ~itles a• d name are in paint only.

4 'fhe muoe is possibly to lie read ~ ~ 1, Wa' (SErm~). 6 Iu paint only.

to be saying I m,ake a lmndred, i. e. he 1~

- -- - - - - --- --

o Or possibly " Mt.1.ke 1nc cotne ('lwt.i), "

howe'~ " (SEtllX). 7 li'or this title see above p. 3, note 2.

or " come

THE ROCK TOMBS OF 1\:lF.JR.

probably supposed to be collecting the cattle into groups of one hun<lred.

Re,gister 2. Oxen and goats being chiven into Pepi < onkh' s presence.

A. drover brings i1p the real' of a line of goats and oxen and whacks a hc-goa.t that is attempting to cover a female. rrhe i;wo fore­

UlOSt oxen are led by a herdsman whose name, J.Yerni', is WTitten beside him. in paint. He is evidently being given directions by the Supe1·-1:ntendent of the SPltli??g, who stands facing lllm and gesticulating· wit.h his right hand. trhe two pairs of oxen have each tL.e word ox (:lw~) written above them, arul above the

fust goat is WTitten .~oung goat) and above the othe1· goats fema,le. Immediately in front of Pepi(oukh stands tlie. Kin.g's Gentleman, In­spector of the P1·ophets, Piopi,-he is also desig·nateJ Pep:sonb-bowing humbly as he hands his noble master a long document. His reed-pen, be it observed, is stuck behind his ea,r !

Registe1· 3. Two vessels sailing and hvo

being rowed. '

rrhe sa.il of either of the two boats that are being rowed has been tightly furled round the yard. Thls a.nd the mast }Jave been nnshipped and now extend the length of the boat, sup­ported on two etatches. 1 These two vessels are proceeding down-stream in the opposite direction to the two undei: sail. Two sailors in t.be bow <Jf the uppermost of these two boats (i. e. that furthest removed from the spectator) seem to be taking soundings with two poles.

In the foremost of the two vessels under sail a person, evideni.ly of importance, is seen seated on a chair amidslllps." To him a sub­ordinate is presenting· a.n indeterminate object

i Cf. Lm>sros, De-nkmaler, ii, 103b. g or. WnsUNSJa, Atlas '2!W altugyptischen Kultwrgescltichte,

Pl. 410.

which may be a papyrus roll. A. ea.bin a.ft eon.tains ten to eleven men, some beru:tlecl. Two men forwar<l pull at r opes, ancl rigbt· fo1·ward is a sailor on the 10ok-ont. Aft on the roof of the cabin, to which he is tethered. is an enormous pet-ape ofPepi'o:ukh's, coloured gTeen and much damaged, while sq1rn,tting at the extreme edge of the roof, facing- the ape, a sailor holds the main sheet. 3 rrhc figme of the sailor has suffered considerably since 1913, when it was almost intn.ct. But even theu the pJaster, in which the i·eliefs 011 this part of the wa.11 are for the most part executed, was somewhat fragile, where~,s now it crumbles almost at a touch.

A.midships in the bindermost of t])e vessels nnder sail there is also a personag·e of im­

portance, wbo stands leaning on a staff. 1 'l1he label, King's Gentleman, Mesh, belongs either to him or to the man who is seated behind on the roof of the cabin and is drinking from a. pot of beer. The vessel is steeretl apparently by only one steeriug·-oar, worked b:v a ~in.gle

sailor who stands a.ft of the ea.bin. As in the sisteT vesseJ the main sheet is held by a sailor who squats on the cabin roof. Forwa.rd are six men sitting on the deck, and also a look­out, who is giving· dil:ectio11s tn the sailor who holds the main sheet, or to the steersman. It is ills utterance, perhaps, tha.t is written above the top of the &ail ancl behind the ship:- To starboarcl (would we go), [to} 5 the Goodly West_. to tlte [western] cemete1·y-ldll! That is the fav.om· (we usk) for 11.atZw1·"s sake. n The worcls behincl

s l<'or an ape and saiiol' in similar juxtaposition on the roof of the cabin, see Wru:;.szrnsKrJ loc. cit.

4 See ibid.

5 The photograph taken in 1913 shews traces of <::::>

below the o of imy·wi·l.

G Of. Ero.r.L."f, Rede1i, Rufe t~na Lieder, pp. 54-57, for

the utter:Ulces in general of sailors in these shipping scenes,

and pp. 55, 5~ for tlH~ pbi:ase tp·nfr pw n .EjltJ.ir in p1n·­ticulnr. See also Bo1rnux, Recue~l d'et,ude11 eg11ptolo,qiqucs de­diees a la memofre de Je~m-F1·an(}Oi8 (Jham.1iollion, pp. 43-56.

TIJE TO~IB-CIIAPEL OF PEPI'ONKH TH.E :MIDDLE SOX OF SEDRl!O't'PE AND PEKllE&,1\lEFERT. 4fJ

the ship hase now lfoiappcnre<l. entirel~', except the name of I;Intl}or, but, as is shewn by the photographs tnkcn in 1913, ::i.nd the entry in

my- note-book~ the words @io~-l~J It is the .favour· fcrr J/atZw1·, were sti11 legible in that year. There were also, so it. seemed to me, still traces of a, sign, which I took to be

~, ab0ve @bi its base being slightly lower 1han the bas0 of the same sign which forms the determinative of the ::u1jacent word srn1,11t. Professo1· SE'rlTFJ says that whtit I saw there urnst hnvc bccu the rema.i.ns of the signs~: ·'westeru,·· which coulu nut lrnvc been omitted, being the necesl'lary complement of smvt.

transfer the action 1>f the ~cene to the lifo after cleatb. i. P. it is in his posthumous existence rha,t Pepi•oukh is xepresentecl as receiving the jmpost of cattle. thereby being i)expetuall)~ fomi1:1hcd witl1 ~npplicR of meat in the here-

Professor ~E'l'HE has snggesteJ to me that the situation is as follows: 'rhe ~hip nnde1· sail. which is mu.king for the west, desiJ:es the 1)oats which arc being rowed to get out of the way. ' Phe stecrRrnen 1 of the upper boat,

therefore, very obligingl~· ca]l out, Aye, aye!~ The sta'rbom·d side belongs to the ship umde1· soi,lt1 rrhe RtCel'SlllCn of the lower boat a.re llO

less good mttnrcd. A.1Je, fl!Jef they ejaculate,

The .~teerin9-oa1· i.~ well di1•ected, ·1 1nv comn1,de! Above the closely fol1owinp; sister sbip there

1s also u, short toxi', of which the beginning

iH destroyed, 1ho E;nrvi.ving words being·:­. . . . . . . . tl1e cond1tctor.t; to the Goodl'!} West. r>

1'bese iuscriptious, a1:1 already pointed out,

1 Behind the right·bnnd steersman is written his name

~@ ~ ~~. Ukheml}ct.

2 Lit. " 1 nm doing (so)."

3 Lit. " in the wind.•· ~ 9 ~ means " under

sail," " im Segcln," ns ~ ~ ~ ~ means " being

rowed, " " im ltudem •· ('l'otb.).

1 The stroke I after M.11 must be the determilrntive of

thnt wo1·J (the teacher's stick'?), for - 8 ,.,.,,,_, (ns voca· o R~

tivc) nJwnys termlnates a ~1,'leccb. ~ can only be the end·

ing of tlic psettdop(wt., 3 mn.sc. sing. (SETUE). 0 Or pe1•b11ps, so Simm suggests, " It is . . . . . . who

conducts men to the Goodly West."

after. The uuimal hea.d, in which botb bow a.ncl

stern of the rig·bt-band sailing vessel terminate,

iR n. common feature of Old Kingdom ships."

EAs'r W.HL: Sou•rn OI•' ENTRANCE: NOR'ril END.

(Pl. XVII)

We have here a fowling scene of the ordi­

uru:y conventional type. Sta.nding· in his boat, the Unif]UC Companion, Superintendent of the Prophets of J:fat{w1·, P"pi'onkh the Jficldle. is n.bout to hurl his throw-stick at one of the m1merous waterfowl fluttering above and aroun<l

the papyrus-thicket gTowing· down to the water's edge. Iu bis left, hand the noble sportsman

holds the usual bnnch of birds, which, S1> it is gencr:illy nu1,iut;1.ined, were Rupposed to serve ns <1ccoys. rrhe rnmal ichneumon has c1imbcc1 up ~L papyi:u::i-stern th rob ;-i, nest, and the ex.cited mother hovers c.1istractedly above. Pcpi•onkh's wife, the King'!'. .Acqiiaintance, Prophetess of /latZwr, l,lety/aZi, bolds a lotm; flower in either haucl and inhales the delicate

scent of one of them. Standing in the prow of the L<mt, tlie Scribe of the Hou.se of the God's Book of the (h·eat House, Kamthenent,

holds up tlu·ce live birds, which have been brought. down b~· his noble master·s well-aimed

weapon. In the stern lie examples of the case

and cushiou ('?) aheady discussed on pp. 28 folJ., nnd also a Hy-whisk, a very necessary article of equipment in these no doubt mosquito­

infestetl i:;wamps.

- - ----- ---------6 Soc Kt.BDS, OIJ. cil., p. 105; S\l"EL."'ITIOID•J:", Grab des Ti,

Pl. 76; L1wsrus, op. cit., ii, Pls. 22d, 24, 28.

46 . THE ROCK TOMBS OP MEIR.

Besides Kallltbenent, nine person.'! are de­picted as b eing in attendance on Pepicoukh. They are :-1. The Ph?;siciau of tlie G'reat House1

[Nir enkhkhnnm, 1 also designated lnspccto'l' ~f the Physicians, 1lfe1ny. 2. Me.shetlt, also named Nnt1'i. 3. Tl1f' ln~pecto1· of the Prophets, Ukhem­saf 4. 77ie Su pe1rintendent of the Toilet, Ner;Iem.-1:6, who holds three clogs .i.n lea.ah and also a. pet monkey. 5. No name or titles. 6. The Suverirztendent of the Toilet, Khnem&otpe. 7. Pepi • onkh 's son, tlrn Fi'rst ·uncle1' t/1 e King o.f the Great House, Qepi tlte Black. 8. Another !ion, the J'ndge and Nome-.Adm1·nistrato1·, fff'pi the Red. 9. Tlte King's Gentleman, J(/nmukh the Eldest.

TIIE NoRTIIERN SnAFT AND BuRIAL-Cn.A.M:BER.

(Pls. U, XVIlI, 3, XIX, 2, L\., 1-6 and 9-18, XXI, 2 imd XXIII, 3)

The shaft, the month of which mca.sures 145 cm. either way, iti 9·50 metres deep. At the bottom, on the west si<l.e1 lies the bmial chamber which wns assig·ned to Pepi<onkh and has been very irregularly excavateJ., as ca,n be seen from the plan an<l section on PJ. II, where the measurements are st1fficiently in­dicated. In the floor of the cham bcr a recept­acle measuring 240 X 105 X 50 cm. has been cut out, evidently meant to hold the canopic box, wooden models, and the like.~ On the west side ol' the chamber is a recess, in the floor of which has been hollowed out, to the depth of about 90 cms. 1 a i·cce1Jtacle for the great ·wooden sarcopha.gus containing Pepi­'onkh's body. The two ends and west side of ., this recess are decoi-ate<l ·with xonghly ex.ecn­tc<l. bnt brilliantly colomccl. paintings in a remarkably good" ·Atate of prcsen·a.tiou. Below

- ------ - -- - - ---1 'The MIVWI has boon omitted by the sculptor.

9 Cf. a similar receptacle in the floor of the combined

tomb·cbupel of Pepi'oukh. the Youngest and Sebk~iotpe

(BLAet..nrA~, Roel: Tomb.~ of Meir, i, pp. 14 foll).

the paintings is a black <laclo with n reel an<l yellow border at the top (see Pl. XXID, 3). Along the top and down the sides of the paint­ings on ea.eh wall runs t.he usual bor<ler of colouxed oblongs, which a.re clivide<l. one from another by a ·white between two black lines. In the north west and south west corners, separating· one border from the other, i.r.; the usual band of what Mr. N. DE G. DA \:'JES calhi the leopard-tail pattern. This is well sheW11 in the photograph. just refolTe<l to, on Pl. XXIll.

The subjects <>f the paintings in this and in the southern burial-chamber nrc more or less identical. On the 1101·th wnll of the recess, in either case, is an army of food- nnu clrink­offerings. At either cud of the west "\Yall is the usual house- or palacc-fa\ade, aud i11 the middlo are depicted n nuruber of ornaments, or boxes containing such ornaments, and packages of various kin<lR of cloth. On the soutl1 wa.11 is a row of g-ranaries with thefr contents. It seems to LaYe been l1 common custom at tho encl of the Ol<l Kingdom to decorate the bm·ial-chamber in this or a very ~imilar 'm}tllner. :i

The ceiling of tlw chamber consists large!~ of the reel silt which fills the fhiw in the rock. and, all the time I wns co1>ying the }Jaint.ings, little hits kept on dropping clown in nn alarm­ing way. I must confoss t.J.rnJ it was wi1h n

feeling of relief that I left the charnuer. and W<1S hauled up the Rhnft, fni· the last foue!

.KURTH WALL OF RECESS.

(Pl. XXJ, 2)

As ah·ench- sfated, the deeoration on tbi:-; wall cousists nf an array of fond- nml drink­offcriugs, withimt any :c1ccompanyiug text or texts.

s Soe, e. g., P.ETllrJ.:, Denclereb, Pl. rn, P· 6: MA.Sl'ERO.

Troi.~ mmees de fov.illcs, Pls. I-Vn, pp. 194-207.

TUE TOMB-GHAPBf, OF PEPI'O~KII THE MlDDLE so~ OF SEBKl.COTPE AND PEKIIERNEFERT. !I. 7

"WEST WAl L OF JlECESS.

(Pl. XlX. 2)

At either end of this "nlL as already stated,

i.,; a represent:ition oft.he rnmal house- or pa1a.ce­

fo(fade. 1 Along tl1c top of tl.ie southern half

of the wnl) is the Or(lina.ry z,tp di nswt prayer:

-{}race granted U!J the king nnd by Aniibis, tl'lw is nn Ids kill, who i.s in Ut, the lord of tlte high lancl, ~ (f'm-) the Supe1·intendent of the P1·opltets, Ueny. ln the rniddl e of the wall, between the aforcs;tid fac;:ulcs, nrra.nged in three rows, are various nrtic1e~ in the way of ornaments, clothing, nncl fnn1itnre, required by the deceased.

Rozr 1. A box, tb.rce bea.d-collars on a stand, a collcu· with a long pectoral attached to it.

~,r, ~ (ERMAN-GRAPOW1 p.153), and also

r~~~, r~, rcBi~~(STEINDORFF,fJrab des ldentuhotep, p. 21; LACAU, Sarcopltages antirieu.-c au Nouvel Em.pir-e, ii, p. 167). The

verb .§iJ "to recognise'' is written ~ ~ 1D, ~ ~ ~, r c5i ~ ~ ~ ~ (ERMAN-GRAPOW,

p. 153), and from it, L suggested, the writing

r ~o in OlU' form of the cloih-uame, had been

ha,lf'.·play:fully borrnwcd,-a si1uilar writing of the name ~1ppnrently Hlso ocemring in PET.UIE,

.Lllediim, Pl. XIII, vh ~' the initial alphabetic

sign r arnl the final o being· omitted. But. ac­

cording to Professor SETIIE, ~ is only used as

the sign for ''eating,. in the Old Kingdom, not for " Hpea.king, '' let alone " thinking, ··

Rou·s 2. 3. Si..x pac-lrngcs of various cloths "kn offing, " and the like. He woultl therefore and a head-rest. read famt. If wo were to read §iJt, the omission

Each package has the name of some specia1 of ~, he poin~ts out, would be very extrn­k_ind of cloth., written above it. Rea.ding from I ordillary. 4. 1~m·11t- (Upper Egyptian) cl~th nght to left .. the names are :is follows:- (}IA.SPERO, op. cit., Pls. II, VII, p. 201); often 1. P[J~t]-cloth. J>1kt is donb1lcss to be restored qunlified by the addition of nfrt "good" (op. 11e"C rl1he .... ~ l ,_. h . •tt ~Ll1 cit., PP· 200, ~04; DiVAUD, ()1). cit., 1)1)· 113 foll; • ·• \Yore \V JJlC is \·vn , eu o

0 r

PFJTRm, J.1.feclum, Pl. XX; DATIESSY, op. cit .. <DARESSY: Annales du Se·rvice des Antiquittfs,XVI, pp. 202, 207; see also J>EE'l', llfa'!Jer Papyri A P· 207), ~o (Dli:VAUD, Zeitsch1'ift fu1' agypti.~che & B, Pap. B, line 13). 5 . .[fat-cloth (sec M.ASPERO,

Spn1clie1 49, p.114), ~ 1o\For1 o ~fASPERO, op. cit., Pl. II, pp. 201, 204; DARESSY, op. cit ..

Trois annees de fotdlles, Pl. IL VII, and pp. 200. pp. 207, 210); written (Jnt,ljw (D.EVAlJD, op. tit., 201, 204). means " fine linen., according- P· 113), and :J.ppnrent1y -~hnt (!\'fASPERO. op. cit.,

to EmIA ... 1'\-GR\POW, IIa11dworte'rbucli, p. 52. P· 200; DARESSY, op. cit., p. 203). 6. '1. or •1w-

2. f[Jf,ljtr-c1oth (See DEV.AUD, op. cit., p. 114, cloth (see MASPERO, op. f'it. , Pl. VU, pp. 200

with note 2; 1fASPERO, op. cit., Pls. II. \7II, and foll.; DBVAUD, op. cit .. p. 113; D~rnESSY, op. cit ..

pp. 201. 204; DARESSY, op. cit., pp. 207, 210). PP· 202, 207, 210; PETRIE, op. lit., Pls. XIII. 3. I proposed to read the third name as slit. XVI,XX;:MURRAY,Saqqara.Llfastabas,Pls.I,foll).

This cloth-name is elsewhere \Yritten r ~ ~ 0 Under each cloth-name in every instance ____ _ ~ __ ' I are written in hiemtic. and in the following

1 See ~>'T G"''"m" J~'("·n·11 le T. rr order, the numcrnJs 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, and the si~:ns y 04' _.,.,.,..,,,.. r. <Y ., ) J l,9/J(l!}e aux ... artons, ._,

pp. 25-38. ~'rill' 8 1 ~1 meaning that the lengths 2 See E~rnl:n, Zeil8cln·ift fil?- • ii!J?Jplische Sprache, 51,

P· 120

c99

). of that particular cloth di fferecl in degrees of 3 'l'hese labels and the accompanying numerals (see be- fineness, i. e. the threads of "Which the cloths

low) are reproduced on n lnrger scale on Pl. XX. were woven were of nine-, eight-, seven-, six-,

48 THE ROCK TOMBS OF MEIR.

four.:. five-, three-. two-1 or one-, strand qualit~·· 1

In hieroglyphic Wl'iting-, of course. the nine· to five-strnncls-to-thc-thre<t<l qualities are generally

inclic·ated by tLe signs lHJlllll 1 lJHHH, ~ etc. 1 i I I

The hieratic· l'orm of the signs HH etc., as = given here. is interesting-. l\10LLER in his Paliio-

,r;mpliie. i, gives ou1y one example (dating from the Mi1lc1le King-clom), ancl iu that case the base consists of one, not, as in om examples1 of two horizontal stroke:;, the two strokes repre­seutiug two stri1)s, or more probably two folils: of cloth. whic:h are clearly indicated in the .l!'ifth

D) nasty example of the lde1·09l:lJpldc form of the sigu rc:procluced in MOLLER's work.

At either enil of the row of signs denotiug­the nnrnber of strands to the thread, there is yet ~mother sign. That at the right end is one that constant]) occurH in the same position iu Olcl Kingdom enumerations of cloths, either

simply in the form@, or else in that of7,ErJ,

or~· I rs iJ possi.bl~· to be reacl snt or sJt?·1 Pro­fosso1· BETIIE thinks tba.t in the lists of cloths

~ must c1enntcJ the nnit (the normal l1nality)

with 10 strancfa, but the nine following quaJities tenth pa.rts of it. It is, he points out, as if one

wrl)tc :-I fE 1119/- 118/-117 /- J etc ..... ·I 1/- [.

Only so is the doscencling series explica.blc.

11hc sig·u at the left end is cle~u·ly that which appears in the form ~ or =!:!=i in the Old Kingdom lists of cloths, and is to be read

1 See GntJ'FITH, :lp. Pf.rnm, De11derel1, p. ·15; Mam.1.r, ·"Cl'JfJ.ara Jlaslabas, i., i>. :33, under items 14-16.

2 :--ce e. g., PETllIE, De11derelt, Pl. 111; LF.Psrrs, Aeltutc 1'e:tlt: cb Todt1'11bttcl1.~, l'ls. 6 foll. and 36. But see on the

o1hcr hand Pm•tm., ~ltedum, 1,1. Xlll and illtrim .. n:, Saq1Jara

,1fastaba.,, i, Pls. l foll. 3 P1»r1m~, lifeclum, Pls. Xlll, XX; ~hmrtAY, op. cit., Pls. 1,

foll.; Aegyptiscl1r Jnsc1mften mis den ldinigli.clien .Musee11 ::rt

1Jerli111 i, p. 99; \V1m,r., Des monuments c.t de t'hi~toire cles If'' et Ilf' clynast~e.9 cig?;pliennes, p. 228.

4 SETll t·:, Voii Zaltleii 1i11d Zcil!lworlen bel deii ctlten 1.gy]Jtem, p. ~ .

r = §.~(, :. and which always occurs, as here.

imme<liatcl~· after c::L· r = c::=), according to

SE1'IIE, probably denote!'! a rot inferior qualit~

to that desig;nated ~· Belo~~ ciH:h sign or grou1J of signs indicating:

the quality of the cloth are numerals stating the number of pieces of cloth of that particular

quality t.ha.t the package is supposed to contain. rrhe lists n.rc ns follows:-

P[J}l_(T-CLOTH.

i1nt (r) 9. 8. 7. ?

110.000. 1• 60. 60 (?) 30.

[6] (5J [4J [3] [2] 1. Ssf. 200. 400.

J.JJTrW-CLOTH.

Snt (?) 9. 8. 7. 6. :.,).

100,040. 40. 40. 60. 60. 80.

4. 3. 2. 1. /j~( 100 .. 100. 200. 400. 800.

{JNMT-CLOTH.

S11t (?) 9. 8. 7. 6.

100,080. 100,080. 80. 80. 120.

!). 4. 3. 2. 1. S~/'. 200. 80. 200. 300. 700. 700.

/{M'YT- CLOTH.

i 1nt (?) 9. 8. 7. 6.

100,100. 160. 160. 800. 300.'

5. 4. 3. 2. 1. dsj. 100,600. 400. 600. 600. 1500. s 20,000.

6 :iiu1mAY, loc. rit., and p. 33 under item 14; WEU.L,

011. dt.1 pp. 238 foll.; PETnm, 1lledum. Pl. XIII; SETllE also drnws my atte11tion to HELBIG·BARRACco, La Collection

JJw·rncco, Pl. 1. O So i:1E'J'UJ! transcribes the group of signs. 7 An cxtrn. si~n for l 00 has been wrongly inserted by

the scril>o between this ttnd the following nnmernl. 8 ::lo Hr.·rm~.

THE TOMB-CHAPEL OF PEPI'ONKH THE MIDDLE SON OF SEBK~IO'l'PE AND PEKlIERXEl."ER'f. 49

[!NT-CLOTH.

Snt (?) 9. 8. 7. 6. [).

100,100 (?) 400. 600: 800. 800. 101,200.

4. 3. 2. 1. lq~f. 800. 1200. 1600. 80. 40,000.

'!-CLOTH.

Snt (?) 9. 8. 7. 6. 120,000. 101,000. 80. 60,000. 80,000. '

5. 4. 3. 2. 100,000. 140,500. ~ 160,430. 200,000.

1. Ssf 400,000. 800,000.

Between the lower left bale of cloths and the head-rest is wTjtten :-Total 2,770,000. :i In this addition the .S:sf Hems do not seem to have l>e:en included. "Without them the total nnmber-so far as the numerals arc pre­served-amounts to l ,361,010. Accordingly the trussing numbers nn<ler the heading P1[ct­c1oth would have to total 1,408,990, which seems ra.thcr a tall order ! On the other hand. if the .~~(-items are inclnded, even without those missing figmes the sum-total lS O\er 31000,000, about 300,000 too nrncb !

SOUTH 1'T ALL.

(Pls . .A~III, 2, XX, 9-18)

A row of six g-rana.ries and five heaps of cereals. 1 On en.eh heap is written in hieratic the name of the commodit~ of which it con­sists. Beside the various heaps are also written in hieratic the names of foodstuifs such as dried fruits and the like, and above them ) et mo1·e

1 SETm: reads 60,000+ 500 (+x?). ~ So Sf.Till":.

3 This form of the sign for a million is not given by

AfoLIJm. More\·er, as GntYl'l'J'll und Swnrn have remarked,

this indubitable .i1se of ~~ as a wo1·d of definite numel"icul

rnlue is an important point. 4 Cf. i\fasl'ERO. op. cit., Pl. III; LEPSIU!\1 Denkinii.ter. ii,

Pl. 103: D \RE'>::>Y, .d1111ales clu Se1·vice des Antiquites tle l' E'gyple, XVI, pp. 208, 211.

such names in hieroglyphic. Each label. whether in hieratic or hierog·lyphic, is accompanietl by the sigu fo1· 100 enclosed in a rectangular frame. Ren.ding from Jen to right the commod­ities listed ju hie.rog·lyphic a.re as follows:-1. White pop-corn, 100. 2. Green pop-co1·n/ 100. 3. B1b1t, r, 100. 4. Co.kc of svcamorc figs, 7 100. 5. Dum8-grain, 100.

The hieratic labels, reproduced on a large scale as figs 9-18 on Pl. XX, name the following commodities:-!. (9).!' \ll ~ ..... l'.'.J Upper Egyp-

tian barley1 11001. 2. (10). ~·~JIJ1, Figs.

I 1oo j. 3. (11). ~ ..... o, Lower Eg~·ptian barley.

r:;r;-;;i. 4. (12). ~ r::::lD ..... ~ Wns, l0l 1ool. 5. (12).

~ NW'M-1 I I - -

r~ 1i 1 1~~~ 0 ?f1\ Raisins, (.~spt-7.11·1·t). j 1001.

6. (13). ~0 .... o, Spelt, j1001. 7. (14). 0 0jY

n111· ~ l NW>N\ ~ o, Every sweet thing, I 100 j. 8. (15).--:::

0: 1i

.... tJ, Wheat(stt), l~ 1 100 1. 9. (16). J{:i ..... o, Dates.

11001. 10. (16). J~ ..... 15, bs, 1:1 11001.11. (17). r

0 .... 0. 11 green corn, /1001. 12. (18). ~z ••.

Otil>• ~

The break is extensive (see photograph 011

Pl. XXUI), and there is room in it for I lOOI.

6 '.fhe fella[rm still make pop·corn of both ripe and gret>n

corn. t1 Some kind of grnin or seed as the detcrmimltive shcws.

.!!'or a discussion as to the meauing of the word see :\lllJl.ltAl",

op. cit., p. 40; see itlso B1~srisG1 .MastalJa des Gemm7mi, ii.

p. 39. 7 Mcmn1o.:r, loc. cit.; Br~:-;rxo, Zoe. cit.

8 Loco. citl.

n The unmernl in brackets is the nmnbe1· of the lig.

on Pl. ::-..'"X. 10 Often named in medical prescriptions (sec c. !I· 'V 1rn .. z-

1N'S1<r, lJer Londoner Jlccli=ini.che PaJ>!/1·1ix. Nos. 28, 441 207:

see also GRIFJ'l)'.11; KalmnJ>apyri, Text, j). GO [XX\'11, 21).

1l Or perhaps G· 111 For this spelling see L11cA.u, Sctrcopltage..~ cmtfrie1u a11

:Nouvel Empire, ii1 p. 42. L3 01· bSJ (see LACAU, op. cil., i, p. 177i ii, p. 13). Ac­

cording to EtlllL\N1 Rcden, ll11fe und L~cle1·, 1'· 221 and

Fnu1tAN·G1tA POW, Handworterbuc/1, I'· 50, M or IJ,(..J is 1l kind

of fig. But on !he other l1and see Gmrnt111 op. cit., p. 44

(XV, 66]. 14 So Si:;rn& rends the group.

G

50 THE ROCK TOMBS OF MEIR

THE Sot"ruER~ SITAF1' AND BCJRIAL-CHAMBER.

(Pls. xvm, L 3. XIX, 1, L'\:, 7, 8, L~l. 1 and XXV, 2)

The shaft aclmitting to the southern bUTial­chamber, that of lfctya'l}, is 8·5 metres deep. the opening nit the top measming 125 cm. either ·way. The very irregular1y excavated lmrial-cha,mber. the tlimensions of which are

shewu 011 Pl. Il, lies almost entirely south <incl "est ul' the shaft, only the northern ba,Jf' of tbc enist wall 1ying at all to the east of it. On the west side of this: as of the just-de~cribed northern, bmial-chamber, there is a recess decorated with paintings (see Pl. X..\.V. 2), and in it the receptacle for the sarcophagus one metre deep. rrhe northern half of the east wall of the chamber is also decorated, but there is no receptacle in the

midcl1e of ihe floor for the canopic box &c. as in the nort.hcrn burial-chamber.

EAST \i\T ALL.

(Pl. XVIIl, 1)

At. the uol'th end of tlie wn.11 are painted tlu·ee rows of o'fl:'erings, above which is written

in blu.ck bie1·oglyphs:-01·acegmnted lYJ; the king (and) ..Anubis 'who is on liis hill, (for) l1e1• wlw i~ honoured by the great god, fletya'Zi. rrhe rest of the <leeoration on this wall consists of the 11sua1 so-called "List of Offerings" (also written in black hieroglyphs), which. as already point­e<l out nn p. 34, is really a series of directions for 1 he celebration of the funerary 1itmg:-. This particnlar ·1 List'' inclu~es two enti·jes,

the Re111oval of the footp1·int.<; (] ~ j) and tbe

B1·eakin,r; of the 'red vessels (r ~ ~ ~), which, so far a;:; I can ascertain, are to be found in no" hitherto publishecl "List .. , The)~

occur right at the end, just before the mention

of ibe dece~iscd 1ady for whom. the "List'' was drawn up-.~/w who is lwnou1·ed by the gr·eat 9od, I.let,1;n<h, the honoured one. 'rhe Removal

of the foot1'1'inf."; was almost the last act performed by the chief officia.nt at the celebration of the temple an<l funerary liturgy. After he had complcte<l. all the ceremonies connected with

the presentation of the food- ancl clriuk-oiferings, and jnst as he wns leaving the sanctuary or torn b-clrnpel

1 1 he celebrant. o bliteratec1 all traces

of his own and his assistants footprints hr Rweeping· t.ho floor witb a c1oth or a, besom made of twigs. l Accordingly, in the ''List of

Offerings " in .Ifctyu<l~'s bUl'ial-chamber the Removal of tlw .foot}'Yrints appears ar::i the last entry bnt one-the last being, as ah-e<tdy stated, the Breaking of the red vessf'ls. Now thisB1·eakin9 of tltf' red vessels (s~ dsrwt) is the title of one of the formulae of the P,1;rmnid Texts, Sprurh 244 of ~ETHE's edition. The formula occur~

both in the pyTamid of Unis and 1n that of )[ernero', its title in the one case being written

r~~ nu<l in the other r"l'Y~.~'(, spellings which clea.rl.v shew t.hat the rcnclcr­

ing B1·eaking of the ?'eel 1>essels is correct. ln tbe pyra.niitl of Unis the formula is immeclift.tel) prccedetl by t.h(; five following fornmfae:~­

the Heripin,q np of the god 1s offering (Spn1ch 199); A 1iba.tion formula (Spruch 32), entitled

Presenting coot ·wate1· (rd1t J~bl~w); a, formnlu for the ceremonial washing of the hands (Spruch 23), entitled Ponrin,q out (wate1) (st), and two

incense formulae (Spruch 25 and 200). "The List of Offerings" in the tomb-chapel

of Atoti ·1 at Sa~arch also represents the funer­an litw·g~· as being brought to n close with the pouring out of libation- and lu.<rtration-

1 For fnrther details 11.nd full references, see B!..tCJiUAJ•.

Rock Tombs of Meir, i, p. 271 note 4; ii, pp. 17, 20foll.: iii, pp. 2 9, 3 2; Journal of the ;1fa.nchester Egyptian a11d

Oriental Society, 1918-19 L9, p. 38; the article Wors7up

(Egyptian), § 4, (•!) in JlASTINGs, Encyclopaedia of Rcligirm

and Ethics; D wrns·G 1RDINER1 The Tomb of Jlme11emlti!l,

Pl. XVIll, and pp. 93 foll.; W. S. B1.A.CK11rAN1 Discovtrt1,

IV., p. 283. 2 S1mn1

1 AlliiY!Jptiaclie Pvramidente~te, iii, p. 165.

9 MUJmAY1 Saqqam 11/astabas, i, Pl. XVIII.

THE '1'0~1B-CIIAPEL OF PEPI'ONKH TliE MIDDLE SON OF SEBK1;10TPE AKD .PEKlfERNEFBH.1'. 61

water (/.•bZtlc and st), and the htn·ning of in­

ueuse, these three entries following immediately on Front of the ojfe1·ing-tuble, choice po1·t ions (J:iH wS!l)w s!pw). which entry, as is sl.tewn by n passage from n formnla in i:3CIIIAPAUELLI,

Lib1·0 dei Funetali, ii, pp. 158 foll., and by a line of teA-t ntfacbud to the " L ist of O.ffe1·ing;s" in N1nrnERR't, Beni Ilasau, i. Pl. XVll, means

that the dwice po1·tions arc at this junctmc tu be b1·011glit to tl1e fi·ont of the ofje1·ing-table (~~pw r l.1;t ws!l)w). Yet again the vignettes

attached to a "LiAt of Offerings" :in the tomb of Petarnonope 1 represent the funerary bmit1uet

m; terminating- with these same three episodes

anc.1 the Removal of tlie footprints. l~videntl.v,

therefore, the procedure must lrn,,c beeu as folluws:-After a1l the items of food and driuk

had been made l)ver to the deceased (or ilivinity), there was Cl final pouring out of a

libation of water, a lnstral washing of hands,

;rnd the burning of iocense. Lastly, as is clear!~- iuilicated by the ''List of Offerings" wTilten for l_fotya'l), ancl b>' the succession of

the above-mentioned fornm]ae in the pyramid

of Fnis, the footprints of the officiant arnl llls assistants were removed b~r :sweeping, and

some red pottery vessels-probably the four

or eight used for lustratiou purposes-were broken. A.s this ·'breaking-" took pla.ce after the flour had been swept, we may perhaps suppose that the ofiicia.nt smasLed the pots on

the threshold before he cfoseil, bolted, n,n<.l sea.led~

the doors of the tomb-chapel 01· sanctuary. 'The formula. orclered to be recii e(l while

the red vess~h; were being broken is imperfect rmd very obscure. :i - ----- -- - - -------

1 DL'Mlcn.&.", Grabpalast cles Patuamenap. i, Pl. lV. ~ See B1 • .i..c:1m~:;, 17w Sequence of the Episodes in tlie

Egyptian Dailzt Temple .. Liturgy, in Journal of tlie .Jlan<:Ji~ie1·

Eggptian ancl 01·ie1tiaZ Society, 1918-1!)19, p. 39 with footnote and p. 41; the article " Worship " (Egyptinn) in

HAS'mrns, B11cyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics, § 51 ( 4).

s Ar.LE:s, Hnr11s iii the PtJramid Texts, p. 53, F 153:

:'i;'rID:, 011. cit., § 249 .

rrhe origin of the performance is donbtle:;is

to be found. in the deeplr rooted ohjectiou

prevailing among nrnn~- people to putting 1o further use in 1la.ily )ifc auything thn.t ha8

been employed for pmpo:'les conuecterl with the dead. 1·1lms in modern Egypt the basket1-1

used by the men who hn.ve taken part in the digging of a grave are thrown into the grave­

shnJt when it is being fillccl 11p. So no doubt

in ancient Egypt1 when the graveside cere­monies enacted at the interment were over. the pottery vessels use<l for purpm;es of Ju strati on

were snrnshe<l, the same practice being observed

also at the daily or periodical celebrations of

the funerary liturgy.

Nor:.Trr WALL OF RECJ~ss.

(P18. XXI, 1 and XXV, 2)

As iu the northern Lw·ial-chamher, the

paintings on the north wall clepic1 an arra~­

of food- and drink-offerings, withont any accompanying text.

·wEs'l' \VAr.1 ol" Rm'Ess.

(Pls.' XL\:, 1, XX, 7, 8, and XXV, 2)

'file scheme or the decoration 011 this wall is the same as on the correspouJing wall of

the recess in the northern bm·ia.1-cliamber. At

either end is the house- or pn,la.ce-fa.c;ade, awl

iu the middle packages of cloths and toile1-

ru:tic]es a.nangetl in three registers. Above tlw

top r egister, which consists of two burnlles of

cloths, a pair of bead-anklets, a pair of beacl­bracelets, and a bead-collar, is w1·itten in black:­

Gmce gmnted by the king, granted b!J Anubis who is on his hill.-she 1 who i.~ lwnom·ed l>y the great god, lfetya'{I . The second register is occupied ent:ixel.\- with three p<1ckages of dotl18,

above two of which-the middle a.nd right-

1 The pa.inter has written " lir who is 11ououreJ, " for­getti 11g to add the fem. termination.

o2

52 THE ROCK TOMBS OJ<' MEIR.

encl ones-is ''Titten in hieratic a list of what I seem to be a woman's toilet-articles. A large­sealc f'acsimilc copr of this list appears on Pl. XX as figs. 7 and 8. The script is very tlifficnlt to rea.tl a.ncl the names that can be recognised ~trc for the most part of rare oc­currence, being proba.bly obsolet~, or anyhow ol>solesccut., when t.his Sixth Dyna.sty copy of what was <lonbtless an ancient traditional list was wri tten out on the wall of ~etya'l~'s

bnrin.1-chambor. Most of the following readings have been snggestecl by Professor SETHE.

Possibly in process of time other scholars will be able to recognize the names of objects still remaining unidentilicd, or improve on the-in tn<lll) cases very tentatively-proposed tran­scriptions here given.

Fig. 7.

No. 6. -<"15\ , .~;,., a small toilet article, "lancet'' (?) or the like (see JEQUIER, Les /rises d'o~jets,

p. 129). No. 7. Perhaps ij~, wJ(/,w, ·· green eye­

paint." No. 8. pg (?), §!Jla·.

No. H. T"J oi, nMt. ,, nMt-sceptre )I (see

MACE-WINLOCK, Tomb of Senebtisi, p . 76; LACAU, 8arcoplui9es antfrieztx auNouvel Empfre, ii, p. 164).

No. 13. c:1 ('?). 8tlt. ".5ilt-cloth" (sec above

P· 4).

Fi9. 8.

No. 1. MMMJ 0 nbt, '·basket'' (see ERM.AN­

~~

GRAPOW. Handworte1·buclt, p. 78).

~o. 2. ~ r j [.?.], Mb (see L ACAU, op. cil.1

ii . pp. 141 l37], 1G6).

No. 3. J~o[.?.J , bit. ..

No. 5. c:::::11 j ~ o [.:>.]. .~bit.

No. 7. ~<?>~ ~ ~ r, • 11.lJr1nJJ-Zir. ·'mirror··

(see LACAU, op. cit., ii, p. 158).

No. 8. r~~o('?), m, 1· .SJt-amalet," i. r.

the amulet in form of a crouching hawk (°?)

(sec JEQUIER, op. cit., pp. 91-93). No. 9. ~ r IT?, iw, a kind of cloth"? No. 10. [.?.] ~ (?), some kiml of collar'?

l u the bottom tegister are depictetl three wooden toilet boxes, the central one being of" ebony, the other two coloured dark and light

red (or pink).

Sou-rn W ALI. OF REcEss.

(Pls. XVIII, 3, XXV, 2)

The <lecoration on tills wall is similar to that on the south wall of the recess in the nort.hcrn burial-chamber, consisting of three.\ granaries with eight lteaps of grnin on th(·

left (cast) side of thew. Between the grain nnd the granaries is the following vertical line of text iu blue paiut :-(}ra.ce .c;~·anted bJJ the king

' and .A1uJ,bis w!to is on Ms !till-she L wlto is lwn01.i1·ecl b.y the [}1'eat gocl, lfet.11a<Z1 . It is interesting· tn uotc that the contents both of the corn-bins and ihc toilet-boxes are reckoned as gmre

,c;ranted b.11 the king. The otp di nswf prayer hr this time had become, of course, simply a form of worcls by which any offering was m<:1de over to a divinity or <lead person, whether that offering actually emanated from the kin;.:· or not.~

1 Masc. form as on west wall. 2 See the writer's art. Worslip (Egyptian) in IlAsTINM.

Encyclopuedia of Religion and Ethics, §§ 51 ( 3 ), 6, ( 4); DAvn:s-GAunrmm, '.l'ltc 1'on111 Qf Amenemliet, pp. 79-86 .

INDEXES.

l .-LISr[' OF AUTHOH.l'rIES Q LJO'l'ED .

.Ar:gyptisclw lnschri/Zcn aus clcn KiJniglichen Jluseen zu Berl-in. Leipzig 1913-1914, i. 48.

At.1.1::N, T. Cl., llorus in t71c Pyrmniil Te:rts (A Private Edition dish'ibnted by the Univl'i·sity of Chicago Libraries) 1916. 51.

.Brs,;t:;r;: P. W. vou, Die 1lt:rrstriba des Gemnikai. Berlin

1900-1911, ii. ·19. 13LAOtru.L'f

1 A. :'II. A Paintell Pottery Jiodel of a Granary

in the Collection of the late Jeremiah .fames Colman Esq. of Ca1·rot1J House. Nonrich in 'l'he Jounial of EgyJ!tia11 Archaeology, vi (1920). 31.

,

..

On tltc Name of an Unguent i~sccl for Uf'rcmo11ial. 1'1H'}?Oses, in op. cit., vi.

33. J.1/1e Housr of' the Morning, in op. eit.,

v (1918). 26. 'l'/la Ka-1101.Mc aml the Scrclab, in op.

cit.1 iii (l!H6). 20. 'l'hc Position of Women in the Ancient

E!J.11Ptian llicrarchy, in op. cit., vii (1921). 25.

A 8/ucly of the Lit1a-g!/ celebratecl in the Tem11le o( the Aton at El­.A.mama in llecueiZ d'etudes egypto­logiques 1lhli6es ii la mcmoire cle Jean­Frrm~ois Oha.mpollion. Paris 1922.

2i. The Fo.c as a Birth Amulet, in .Man,

ix (1909). 35. Thr Sequence of the Episodes in tlie

Egyptian Daily Temple Liturgy, in . foumnl of the Manchester Egyptian anc7 Oriental Society, 1918-1919.

24, 50, il. Righfco?tsness (Egyptian), in HAs­

'l'rnos l!ilic,1.;clopacdia of' ReZigion and Ethics. London 1908-1921. x. 26.

Wol'ship (Egyptian), in op. cit., xii . 50-l'.i2.

BI.AOKhlAN, W. S., ,...,'ome JJ{Qtlel'n Jt91;1,tian Gravesii1e C1mmumics, in Discovery, u (1921).

23. Jlos7i111 Saints in JJlodem Egypt, in

op. cit., iv (1923). 50.

BOilv'.HALIDT, r,., Drf'i Jlicmglyphe11zeichen. in Zeitschri/7 /'iir fi9.1J11lischc Sprrrclte ?llUl Altertums­kumlr, 44 (190i-1908). 28.

Das <frabdenkmal des Konigs Ke-user-re'. Leipzig 1 907. 36.

Boro.1. x, C., Les c:rp1·rssions -{}-[~] el =;==> [~]' in

Recucil tNt1ulr.~ ,:gyptologiques dCdi1:es ii la mimoire clr Jean-Fr<wrois Cltmnpollion. l'aris 1922. 44.

BRBaSTED, .T. n., Ancient Records of E.fJ.tfpf. Ohi('.ttgo l!l06- l!l07. i. L 2!31 251 4:i.

Bn1mscn, 11., Dictiom111ire gt!ogmphique <1e 7'ancicimc EfJ!/JilC. 11cipzig 18i9- 1880. 37.

OAP .l\Jl.'1', .J 'l Tlnt' me 1le lor11bu111m r} 811qqanrl1. Brussels

1007. 28-:.lO, 3fl. OJL\.MPOf,LIO:N, ·'· F., :Momrme11ts de l'Egypte et ae lo

Nubic: notices dcscn).1ti1·cs conformcs nux mrtri.uscrils 1miograpltes ,·/xlig6s sur le.c; lieux pa,· Ohrm1poll-i(m la

.Jeune. P:i.ril-! 1844 1889. ii. H5.

D.A.llliSSY, H. Lrr 111ic1'01101f' des gram1s liretres cl'HNiapoli . .:: so1lS l'Ancien Empire, in .A.11nalP,s du SeTTiCf' des .dntiq11itf:s1 xvi (1917). 351 H.

DA' rr.s, ~. de G., 1'/lr Rock 1.'ombs of Deir cl Gebri'iu·i.

n

London 1902. ii. 25. The Roel: Tombs of Sheikh Raid. London

1901. 3. 'J71r 1'0111b of Ante(okcl" JTizie1· of Sesos­

tris I, on<l of liis TVi{e, i"·cnet (No. GO) . London 1920. :n>.

:tnd A. n. (L'\RDINER, 1'7te Tomb of Amcncmh~f. (No. 82). Loudon l !llu.

4a, r,o, l:>2. DwvAun, E., A •pro110s tl'1.m groupe li~era.tiqHe, in Zeil­

schrifl fill' tlgypti,;chc Spraclw und Alfertwnslmnde, 49

(1911). 47.

INDEXES.

lHbucm;x, J., .Der Grabpalast des Pat1w1ne1wp in der t71ebanisclicn Nchopolis. Leipzig 1884-1894. i. 51.

Emu:n, A., J(indted Semilo-E.'gyptian Words, in Zeilscltrift fiit· iigyptisclte 1:Jprachc und Altertttmskimdc, 51 (1915). 22, 47.

l<~RMA~, A., Die llf11rchcn lles Papyrus lFestcar. Berlin

1870. :JS. Itcdcn, 11,1ife imcl Lieder m,1,f' Griiberbildcrn

des altcn Rciches in Abhandlungcn de1· :vreuPisclum Akademie der Wissenschaften. 19 18, Nr. 15. 291 31-33, 38, 391 44, 49.

and II. GR.\.POW, Aegypt'isclies Hanclwiirterlnich, llerlin 1021. 18, 34, 47, 491 62.

Ji'ECllilliG\IBR. H., Die Plastik dcr Agypter. Berlin t 920. 2R.

G.\RDINEit1 A. U .. Etltics ancl Morality (Egyptian), in H AS1'IXGS, Encycl.opaeclia of Religion a11cl Ethics, \. 26 .

Pers01ii{icatio1i (Egyptian), in 011. cit., ix.

26. Inscriptious in the Tomb of Si-1·enpou·et I,

Prince of Elcpliantiric, in 7..eilscln·ift fiir iigyptisclie Sprache und Alte1·­twnsku11ide, 45 (1909). 3.

Oaunram, Il., J,ci tcnnc g6ogra]Jhique ~ "IIautc Egypte"

et le titre~~' in lwcueil d'etudes egyptologiqucs

dl:cWe ri fa m6moirc de Jecvn-Fra,nrois Oltam!]ollion. 18.

Gnnm,..rn, 1". LI., Tlieratic Papyri /"rom Ka.71tm· and G?wou.

"

London 1898. 35, 49. ancl P. E. N.EWBERRY, El-Bershch. Lon­

<lon 1892-1894. i. 42.

H1;una aml BARRAC<JO, La Collection BatTacco. 35, 48. Hieroglyphic Texts from Egyptian Stelae t.f:e., in llie British

l1Iusc11111. Londou 1911-1922. i. 24. ii. 21, 33.

iii. 21.

HoF.liMA:'.\N, K., Theo1>lt0rcn Personcnnamen des cilteren Jrmptcns. Leipzig 1915. 32.

• lf:<rUlliR1 G., Le Pa1J!JrllS Prisse et ses 1:arianfcs. Pnris 1911. :?4.

J,es (rises <l'objets des sarcoplwges clt" ]loyen E1111>irc. Uairo 1921. 52.

l\AM.XL, M. A. BEY, Le tombeau. 1i,ouveut~ de 1Jf{:1,., in .Aimafes clii Se1"11ice des 4.ntiquite.s cle l'Egy1Jtc, xv (191u). 20.

K1.1rns, L., DicRcUcfs tl.cs altenReiches(2980-2475 v. Clw) JJiaterittl zm· agy}Jtischcii Kultitrgcschichte. IleWelberg HJ15. 281 31, 351 361 45.

KLEBs, L., Dte Reliefs und Malcreien des mittleren lleicltc;; (YJI -Xrll. Dynrrslie ea. 2475-1580 v. (.Jhr.). Jla­ferial z111· iigypliscltm Xulturgesihichte. IIeillclber~

19~~. 3f1.

ti.\O.\U1 P., Sm·copliages antericux at1 Roui·cl E111pirr. Cail'o 1903-1 !>06. ii. 47, 49, 52.

LANGE H. O. and 11. Scn,IFER, Grab- 1m£l Denksteinc (fr.~

mittlercn Reiclte.'1 im Mu,seum von Kafro. Berlin lfl02-1908. ii. 22.

Ll~PSlUS, (J. R., Dm/.:mtlfer q1tS .Aegypten 1.f..ntl Actl1iopfo11. Berlin 1849-58. i i. 28, 37, 38, •14.

45, 49. Erglinzuugsb:i.mle. Lcipzi~p897-1913. 35. Aelfeste Textc des Totcnbw•hes nar!t

Saraophagcn des altfi.gyptisclien Ileichts im Berliner JJfuseum. Berlin 1867. 48.

.M.wE, A. C. aml TI. E. Wrxr,ocK, The 1'omu nf Se11cbfil;i at Lisl1t. ~ew York 1nG. 5~.

llf\lUM'TE1 A., Les .illastnbas de I' Ancicn Empire. Paris 1882-1889. 42.

MAs1•.1:mo, G., Trois am1ces de fouill.es, in Memoire.<11Ju1Jli<:t'~ JJtn- le.'1 111c111bres de la mission m·cheologiguc frat1Ntif11• au Cafre. Paris 188f). 47, 49.

M0<1.ENSEN, 1\1., Le Mastaba. egypticn de la GlyptotltN.Jltr. 11v Cm·l:;uerg. Copenhagen 1921. 36.

MoLLER1

G., Jlieratisclic J>a.liio,qm117iic, die acgy1Jtische B11clt­schrifl i?I ilwcr Ent10icklu1zg von der f~inften Dynastic bis ~1W 1·iirnisclle1i Kai.serzcit. Leipzig 1909-1912. i.

26, 48. l\l.OR1'T, A.

1 L£~ 1·ituel clu ou7le clivin joimwlier en Egypte.

P:1ris I no2. 24.. Mc.mi:ilY, M . .A ., Index of Names and Titles of the 01r1

Kin(!clom. London 1908. 2, 3, 18, 32,

34..

NLwJJnm1, l'.

~'aqqarali Mnstrtbas, j, London 1 !lOo. 3~J.

47-50.

E., Bcni Jlnsm1. London 1893-1900.

i. 4, 23. 31.

ii. 35.

PE.M'. T. E., 'l'lte Mayer Papyri A <f: B. London 1920. ·ii . PEwrn, W. M. F .. Dendercll. 1898. London 1900. 4G, 4.S:

n JJ.[cdu111. London l 892. 471 48.

B.iNSOl.t1

CJ. L., 'l'lieStela o{'Jlfcnthu,.weser. New York 1918.

26.

Sor11A1•AJ?.JCLLI, E., It 1Abr11 <lei 1'1.merali dcf!l/ Anticfli Bgizian·i. Roma 1882-1890. ii. 51.

SJL'l'IIE, K., Die altiigyptischen Pyrnmidcnte:i:te. Lcipzi:.t 1908-1922. ii. 251 01, 36, -!iO, 51.

iii. 50.

SEntE. K., .Das Pro110111c11 1. sing. n-nk mul die Eingangs­icorle zum Ii. Kopitel des Totenbuclies, in Zeitschrifl far iigyplische Spmclte wid Alter­tuniskundc, 54 (1918). 32.

])rr N(Jme "lllcrui-tcnsi" 1111d die Entwicklwng ilcr Filiationsangabc bci den Agyptern in op. cil., 4B (1911). 41.

Di(' Spril.clie fit,. das Kennen <ler Seelen der /icitigcn Orte, in OJ>. cit., 5 7 (1922). 31.

Urkunden <les tlgyptiscllen .Altcrtwms, i. Leipzig HlOi.l. 18, 24.1 25, 26, 37.

Von Zahlcn 1111ul 7.ahl-worten bci de>i alten Jfgypler-n mul tatrs fi/1' mulere Volker 'lf'n<l 8prnchcn dm·aus £'11 lerncu ist. StraBburg 19 l!i. 48.

STEIXnom•F, G., (frflbfwule des miltleren Reicltes in dm koniglichcn Mi1secn zu. Berliu I. Das Grab <les ]}fcnlulwtep. Berlin 18!)6. -1i.

Das (-irab cle.~ 'Pi. Leipzig 19U). 28-

30. :M, 3;-i, 39, •11, 45.

'l'llc :Egypti1111 Expe1lition 191t:.-1!J20, Part II of the Bulletin of the l\retropolitau Museum of Art New York, December MO:MXX. 30, 4:!.

57

'l'lte E!t!Jl•li<w E.r1)edition MC111XXl-1JfCMXXII, Part Il of the Bulletin of the .Metropolitan Museum of Art ~cw Yol'k, Dcc<·mber MCMXXJI. 21.

VA..\ O:uox.EP, A. and G. J~:Qrmm, Le Tissagc flll.l" Cnrfon:;. Nc11ch:ilcl 191(;. 4 7.

WJ~lLL, B., De:; 111on1t1n('n/s et <le l'histoit'e des II•' rt m · dynasties ,igy)Jtienms. Paris 1908. 48.

Les cUcrets rouait:r de l' .A 1wien Empi1'c egypticmie. Paris 1!Jl2. 21;.

Wmn.EMAN::\, A. :1.1111 B. PonTNER, .Aegyptisclie Omurclic/°f; mes der groPher.r:oglichcu .Altertiimer-Sanvmlun.q rn Karlsrnlic. StrnClunrg 1 HOG. 36.

W1m~zrr\i;1n, W .. .AtlrTS riw alUigyptischen Tfoltiff9eschicfll1. J,,eipzig 1914.-Hl23. 44.

f>cr grope medizinisclie Papyrus des Ber­liner Jl111seums. Leipz.ig 1909. 35.

D1,;r l'apyrus Ebers. Leipzig 1913. 3f>.

Der Londoner mediziniscltc Pap11rus (Brit. lJfttseum Nr. 1005.9) wul <lei· Pap.11rns Hc(ln;t. Leipzig 191 :l.

1!1.

II-GENERAL INDEX.

A.bydos, 21, :2~.

Ahydos, voyal!'c to, ·13. Accounts, 4.1. Amenemhet, 21.

Amenemhet. toml>·drnpel of (a.t Thebes), 43. American expctlition at 'l'hehes, 21 . Amulet (in form of a croncliing hawk), 52. Anklet, 3S. Antelopes, 33. Anubis, 22. Ape, pet-, 44. .Asses, as, 3 9. AtOti, 50.

Backgronucl1 slute-grey to indigo (of painteu reliefs)1 2i. Ba·i, 21. Baking, 35. Dauquet, funerary, 81. Barley, 851 3S. Barley, Lower Egyptian, 4.9.

Uarley, Upper ~gyptian, 49. Basin, wai;h-, 39. Basin (to ratch blood of victim), 2i. Beatl-rollar:-;, 4 7. Beards, 36. Beatification, 34. Berr, 35, 38. Bee1·-jars, 35. Besha, 38. Besom (made of twigs), 50. Biography (of Pepi'onkl1 the Middle), 19, 21, 23. Birds, 2l:l . Ditch, 34. Black V nse, ~ 7. Donrtl, drauglits-, 32.

Boat, 28, 29. Boatman, 28.

Boats, 4 2, 44. Book (held by lector), 31.

Uootli, 30. H

58 IN VEXES.

UoRoHA.Rn'r, 2f'. Box, boxes, ·16, 47. Bread, slices of, 40. Bread-moulds, 36. Bre:ikin~, ceremonial (of pottery lustration vessels), 51.

Brewing, 35. Brother, eldC'st (of Pepi'onkh lhe Middle), 19.

Bnll, 38, 43. Bundles (of sh"aw), 3!). Burial-chambe1·, uorthem, 27, 46, 50. Bnrial-cbumbor, southern, 46, 50.

Butchers, 811 32 . Butterfly, 28,

Cage (of live birds), 30. Canopic box, 46, 50. l';u·ryiug-chair, 38. Case (part of harpooner's equipment), 28. C:1~tor-oil berricl:l, 35,

Cattle, 42, 43. l 'enotaph. 21, 22.

Cereals, heaps of, 49. C'eremonie1:1, gravesicle, 5 t. Chisel-marks, 27.

Clap-net, 30. Clothing (requirotl by decease1l), 4 7. Cloths, packages of, 46, 4 7, 51. Collar (with pectoral attached), 4 7.

Collars, head-, 4 7. Uolonnnde {i11 forrcourt), 20. "Coming up unlo the voi<-o", 23, 33. "Uonrrnternity (of thy l~stato) ", 32, 33. Oonttivanee (for clipping part of skirt to ankle), 38.

Oook, 86. Corn, cnlt.ing the, 38. Corn, cars of, 38. Corn, irreen, 4!l.

Coru-bins, 52. Corn-ruliber, 35. Cow (scratching its nose), 37. Cows, 38. Craftsmen, Sixth-Dynasty provincial, 27. Crocodile, 28. Crutches, 44. l'ushion (mndr of reeus), 29, 45.

Dado, 27, 46. Dates, 49. DAVIES, N. UB G., 46~ IJedi, 38. Dl.lUt~otpe, 1J:2. Diadem, Keeper oJ~ 27. Domain, feudal, 48. Donkeys, 3!l .

Dough, 35. Draughts, 30, 31. Driver (of team of oxen), 37. Drover, 44. Droves (of cattle), 4 3. Ducks, 33. Dues, 41.

Dm-ri, 4!1. Dynasty, Fourth, 35. Dynasty, Sixth, 271 52.

Edfu, 24. El-Bers11oli, 12. Emllalroer's shed, 22. Embalmiug, mat.erials employecl iu, 21. Endowment, roodut\ry, 43.

'Enkl1mil_1or, ~8. Estnte, officcn> of lhr, :30. 'Ezbch, 31, 41.

Fa~ade, houi-e- or palace·, -16, H, ol. Fault (in ro<'k), 27. Fig, kind ol~ 38. Fig:::, syMmore, 49. Figurct>, pair of seated (in Limrstone), 20. • Fish, flying, 36. Fishers, 29, 30. Fl:iutist, 31. Flax, 38. Fla:~-b:u•vesl, 38. Flour, j5. F1y:~1usk, 45. l''ootp1·i11ts, ceremony of Removal of, 50, 51. Forcheitd-ungnent, 33. Forks, wootlcn, 39. Fowlcril, 29. Fowling, 45. Fruits, dried, 4 9. Furniture (required by deccaseu), 4 7.

0ARDIN1>R, Dr. A. H., 23, 24.

Gazelles, 33, 34, Geese, 33. Ginlle, 36. Goat, he-, 44. Goat-hcrcl, 3 7,

Coats, 36, 37, 4.2- 44.

Gold (-god), 31. Government, cent.ml, 4 3. Graf{W, 21, 22. Gnu11,·1·1·u, 1ifr. I•'. Ll.1 49. nrtiin, 36, &2. G1·anru:y, g1·~1.11lrit1s, 35, 491 52. G1·ist, 35. OUNN, Mr. BA'l"l'ISCOMBE, 241 26.

llandmill, 35. Uarpists, female. 3 L

Harpoon. 28.

lfarvest, har\•esting, 36, 38, 3~1.

l)at~or·Pillar, 27. Hea.11-re:;t, 4.7. l.Ierdidif, Prince, 38. Herds (of ('attle and ~oats), 42. Herdsman, 381 H.

Hieratic, 4. 7. Ilippopotamus, 28. II01ma, 80, 40.

lbex, aa. Iclmeumon, 281 45. Impost, 42, 43.

lnceni:e, 221 51. Inspection (of oxen and ~oats), 43.

Ila. 24.

Ka-house, 22.

Krr-sernlnts1 211 22.

l.LutiL1 A~LUJ<.D DEY, 20.

Klusu.ABJ::JJ, ::ii-.YH HEY, 20. Khentimsemyt, 21. Kingdom, Old, 18, 39, 451 t-6. Kingdom, Middle, 21, 3 7.

Kids, 36. mosque, 41.

T~n~eir, el-Amarna, 19.

La.hom·et·s, ag1foulturnl1 21.. "l1ea11ers ", <l6, Lector, H2. Leopanl-tail pttltoru, 46.

Lilmtion-watt•r, 5 l. Liby:t. forehead-unguent of, 33. "List of Offerings'', 31, 341 50, 51. Liturgy, fw1crary1 21, 34, 50. Litnrgy, temple, 50. Lord of J_,ifc, 211 22. Lotm; flower, 45. Lustration, 51. Lustration-water, 50. Lustr:1tor, 34.

Magil~tracy iucome, 24. Magisfratr, 24, 25, 43. lJia~{abcli. 28- 301 ,.35. l\1:1t (employed as wind-screen 11 28. 111.eat, joints of (hanging· from rooi), 30. 11ill, 35. 11illet•, fom<tle, 35. \lirror, 52.

IND EXE~.

:Models, woodc111 46. Musicians, 30.

Necropoli~1 25. Neferseshempta~1, 29, 30.

Net, 29, :10. :Kome. seventh (Diospolite\ of Upper Egypt. 37. Nome-officials, 30. Nomes, middle, 13. ~ubi:t. Lower, 35. N'ii.hct (namo of :i bitch), 34.

Ntunorals, <.l.7-'10.

Occ:rn, 86. Ola Man (the Mme of a pool or lake), 36. •omdel1s (of towns and 'ozbehs)1 41. 0l'Jlamouts (requit·ccl by deceased), 46, 47. Ory~, 31, 33, 34. Osiris, devotcei,; ol~ 21.

Ooiris, Kl1entamentbes, 21. Oven, 36. Ox, sarrificit\11 2 7.

Oxen, 331 34, 38, 44.

fl9

Paintings (in recess on west side of burial-chamber), 46, f>O. Papyrus, roll or ro!Ji; of, 3 7, 3 8, 4 L l'apyrus-tbickct, 2 8, 4 5.

Peasant-serfs, 30. Peasants, 3C. Pekhcrnefert (mother of Pepi'onk11 the Middle), 18, 24, 40. Pepi'onkh (young-er brother of Pepi'onkh the .Middle),

18, 20. Piopi I, 18. Piopl ll, 18. Pipe, B7. l 1l:ttform1 wooden (or embaJmer), 21.

Plo11ghing1 341 36-38. Pop-corn (green and white), 49. Perfume, vase of (see also tmder ''unguent"), 33. Priest, mortuary, 22. Priest (to !_!at~or), 26. Punter, 29.

Quail, 38. Quiver, 28.

lfaiains, -1.9.

Recepfacle (in !loor of buri:t1-chamber)1 46, 50. Receptacl(} for s:ncopllagus, 4G, 50. Recess, painted (in burial-chamber), 46. H.ed vessels1 ceremony of Breaking of the, 50, 5 l. Heel1-pon1 88. llmsm·:r<, DI'. CJ. A.1 24. I-tolatives (of ~Tetya.•I}), 41, 42. Hclativea (of Pepi'onkh), 40. Revcnum;, 43.

GO L'\DEXES.

lfa·ks, 39. Rii?bteousne:;s, .Mistress of, 2·.L

Hope, coils of, 30.

Sail, 44. Sailors, ·H. Sa~l.nH·eh, 28, 291 50. Sceptre, 11~1bf-, 52. Scribes, 41 . Seal, 2!i. Senl-offiM, 25. /:lent (mncle of reeds), 28. Sebkl}otpo (father of Pepi'onkh tl.ie Middle), 181 20) 3·1, 110.

8erf>1 (of the Estate), 32. SBTJIJoJ, Professor K., 22-271 aml passim. Shafts (in lloor of room < '), 2 7. Shc:we:;, :3 8. ~heet, main, 44. ~hipping, 42. Ships, 45. Si<:trum-player, 31 .

~owing, 37.

Rpelt, 381 39, 49. :,tairway (of the great god), 22.

St.all, ''leapers" of the, 36. "tnrboard, 45. Steering-oar, ·14, 4 5.

Steersrn:in, 45. ~tela, :?1.

l:ltick, llerclsm:m's, 29.

Stick, tea.cher's, 45. Str~iw, stacking of, 39.

Ta;;-uLterances, :}8. Temn, 38. Thebes, 43. Thcntct-cows, 40. Threshing-floor, 39. Throw-stick, 45. Ti, 28-30, 35. Toilet-art.icles, 51 . Toilet-boxeR, 52. Tomb·chapel (of l'>epi'onk's father), 19. Tomb-chapel (of Pepi'onkh's elder l>rother), 19. Tomb-chapel, combined (of youngest Jlepi'onkh nud

Sebkl.\otpe), 20. Tomb-chapels, Middle Kingdom, 20.

Ungueut, seven varieties of, 33. Lin.is, pyramid of, 50, 51.

ve~sels, l'owed, 44.

Vessels, sailing, 42, 4·1. Vestment, priestly (of panther-skin), 29.

Victims, 22, 34. Villages (of Lower and Upper Egypt), 31, 36.

Vizier, 18. Viziership, 18.

Wheat, 49. Westcnr, Papyrus, 38. Whiskers, 3G.

III.-EGYPTIA.N WORDti (l::i~LEC'I1ED).

'Ilto, "Old l\lau" (name of :1 pool), 36, 37.

(/wt, "office", 2!i. ill ml t, "tlistrict of Right", 24. ii<lt, "net", :l9. lw(?), "lw-cloth (?)'', 52.

w;J, ··ox", ·14.

iwlt(•i•l, rn, "young ox" 1 31. ium-kl-mtt'f, priestly title, 23.

/mt, name of pool, 36, 37.

iyt ((r, "to he known by", 24. lmy-l.Jt hii ... t., untranslatable title, 42. ll1y, "m111>idan-priest", and also usetl as title of youth·

fol llorus, 31. l"!,J.t, lrl, "perform the cel'emoniiil ", 24. l~t, l8t, ' 1 pl'operty ", 2 4.

l.~. en<:li tic piwticle, 2 41 2 5, 31. i§t 11t §1·, "migistraey-income", 24.

'J, 'Jw. •"J-cloth". 471 -J.9.

'11l~-111JJ-li1·1 "mirl'Or"1 52. 'ntyw, "'1ityto-perfnme"1 3~.

Wh.bo, "green cye·paint", 52. u·ld-10(1·), "great green (Ocean)", 361 37. w'rt nut mJ't, "region of the Mistress of Right", 24. 1m§1 umne of some food-stuff or medicament, 49.

whrl, "wharf" 1 5, 34. wfr, ''t.o be dry, empty", 30.

wd1~, "be heavily laden", :JO. 1.oit(1w, "ofl'erin~·t:tble", 31 .

131blt, riome kind of grain or seed, 49.

bllf, "lHl bright", "clear", 25. blt, 52. M, bSJ, "bnrley(?)", 35, 381 4~.

•

IND EXEi".

PJZ.'.t, "fine linen .. , 17 - .J!l.

pr-twt, "statne-chamb<'r ". 20.

1mi1

"ps11-cakes". :ia.

Jilt. ·w'rt 11bt. !>Ce under 1c'rt. m-sJ11, "too hnstily (?)"1 '·wrongly("?)", :32.

Mt.-s·zc-11111 personal name._

1tbt1 "bnsket", 52. 1nik, "I hnve", :J:l. n(tbt

1 "nMt-sc<'·Ptr() '' 1 f> 2.

Nljbw, personal name, 24. nh.mn, "nhmn-unguellt", 33. ti/w, "to !'>ift through :1 siove"1 35.

R nf'r 10Jl1, 11 in gooll or1lcr", ·l3.

nvl. "portal ", 31.

lf.Hyw1

.; Mlyic-rloth ", 4 7, 48.

(11J, "catch", 29. Mb. 02. M·Jw-mvt. "town-' omdchs '', 4.1.

Zil;1iu;. "Z1kmu-ungucnt"1 33. ldp rU 11~wt, "grace ~ranted hy the king", 22. -11, 52.

ljn. "thing", :it. hmvl, 11 mt1sicinn-prit'str~i; ", 25. ljnt, var. ~ntyw, "[pit-cloth" 1 ·1 7, 49.

~J~pr, "stall", :n. sJb-~blj.ty, '' Cllicf .Justice", I 8. sft, "sft-unguent", :l :l. smyt, "cemetery-hill" 1 4•1. . mt, "d1·a11ghts-boartl", 32.

stt. "wheat", 4~1.

st "pom out \water)'', 50, 51.

i:!Jl, "to knead (?)"1 :~5.

sJt, 38. sJt, ".m-amulet", 52. slJ

1 "reCOf.'1lise", 4 7.

1Wt, 11 .-</Jt-cloth", 47, 52. ~bl!J, "well directed", 44. .~msw-pr. "seneschal", 32. .~nmt, ":imnt-eloth", 471 48. srt, infin. form, "being :\ magisb·ate", 25.

iifpnt, 31. G[J.nt, "N!J.nt-clot h '', 4 7. shin-, 02.

ssf'. 48, 4!). kspl-lJrrt, "raisins", 4H. stpw, "leapers", 36. .~d, "to break", 50.

;qJt. 48.

tw, "shadow", 2 6. §bit, 52. spt, "b~ vexetl", 24. sm'yt, "Upper E~yptian cloth", 47, 48.

§11t, 48, 49. sfr, "lancet"(?), 52.

st, "fillet"' 31. sclt, infin. of sdy "lift".

JU, °flr!J, "possessing a ka", 24.

IP) "be high, extolled", 31.

GG-pr, "royal domain ", 23, 28.

'J'J-wJif,, "green bread", 3 6. tJ difr, "11-ecropolis", pel'h. lit., "elevatecl lanll", 2::!.

twJwt, "twfo1t-nnguent"1 33. tp-nf;·, "favonr", 4[> .

7'ml, 10.

Dns, "be he:Lvy"1 29. clsr1ot1 "red vMcs", 50. ddw, kiml of grain, or thr like, 35.

Drl m, '·to speak about .. , 26.

61

E

TOM3-CHAPEL D, No. 2.

c

SECTION

0 1 111ni.t• i-.-~-.-.~~-+-~~~-.-........1

-, - , - - ------ -

• 2

b

A

GROUND PLAN

A FOREOOURT

B SMALL OHAMOER

C MAIN ROOM

0 INNEll ROOM

E NORTH SH~IT OIVINO AC'.OESS TO llURIAL·CH/\MBER OF PEPI ONKH

F SOUTH SHAFT OIVINO ACCESS TO BURIAL-CHAMBER OF •.tE. rvA"1:4

Q TETHERING STONE FOR VICTIM

H BASIN FOR CATOHINO BLOOD OF VICTIM

PLATFORM IN FRONT OF FA<(o'IDE·STELA

,

THE ARABIC NUMERALS REFER TO THE SOEllES RtPRODUOEO ON PI.ATES

PLATE I.

A

pMfik IV.

. . I I

\ 14 I

' ' ' '

TOMG-CHAPEL D, No. 2.

SECTION

10 6

t: < l: .. ... 0

~~ .. ~ ~ 0

"1i.

... ~~

<tl\1; ~ ; '~~ ~, •li ~ ~ " .,.. ~ ' ~> ·.·~"·· ~- :.~:~. ___ ; .o

I IV Q: I

~: 0"' 0 :::> ~ ~'@ FAULT ...J 0

' LL < ~,"1i z x - IL ~~

II B

Lll 0 ~· ...J 0 0 Q:

A ~~,~~~~ a I" < < I- "'

I ON a., o::

A, B LINE OF SECTION ~ O 1 2 MET~S

t 1o1 ..- • • • A 1't .. •tu 111& M Ct.'fTIVE'T1'UI

~1: PLAN AND SECTION OF NORTH BURIAL-CHAMBER AND SHAFT.

.s ~~~~-,,

~ \

LINE 0 1 F SECTION A~ I z ~ ~ \ ~. \ !. i I -· - u A_°%'tJ

~ ·~~ , .. ., ... ~·~

.... . )l .. - .. ., • ~.. - ctlil '"' ' ""'

.. . ~ ·~.~ * '~ . ··" \\~~ ~ ~ ~~~

~ I I "<>•"'°" o• ~ t~~;""~ ' r-----,

~~

!::i :::> it

s l: I/) .. 0

~~@ ~ ~- ' ; .~., ~"'"' ~

SHAFT

~ ' '!§

.~ .. '

~

3: rn ::u

<

-I 0 ~ CD I () I )> "'CJ rn r 0

z 9 to

"'CJ r )> -I rn

MEIR IV.

~ ~· -

<y LE-" )§

0 ~

'(_J

}l

~ /VVVVvv\

11 ~~\ \ ~~Jj

~

~

~~

1~:: === = ~

SCALE 1 : 4

TOMB-CHAPEL D, No. 2. PLATE Ill.

GRAFFITI IN FORECOURT.

/ /

I I

WEST WALL : NORTH OF ENTRANCE TO MAIN ROOM (4)

PLATE IV.

I

TOMB-CHAPEL 0 N ' o. 2.

3 2

------~-- FORECOURT: WEST WALL·

TOMB-CHAF

: WEST WALL· SOUTH OF ENTRANCE TO MAIN ROOM (5 ).

MEIR IV.

\\__;-I

-- A

\ ;~r "It ,...:.r "!\. \ I ....

\

1 I I ~ \ ,1/ !:::>-

I r (I / u. ' \ r< '® Ill :n .J\. .- ~ -

\/

(. v-" ~ q _, . ~~ r~ -

' f "..:· J - .. . ~ L.. ~ '7:.9-\ ~

.... ~ - .

~ -- 1

II I "-< ,fr I SCALE 1 : 8

FORECOURT: WEST W ALL· SOUTH OF ENTRAr

MEIR IV. TOMB-CHAPEL D. No. 2. PLATE IVA.

r MEI R IV. T OMB- CHAPEL 0, No. 2. PLATE V.

0,.,. ~ ~c=; a \~\@o ~ !(~a

w w N N w I W a:: I er LL. LL. LL.

~~ tr _r I LL. 0 l 0 0 I o z

\F::::J lf==i? i ~ w I I-a::

~ 16 0 z ~ ~rJ ~ .. ....I

I ~ ....I ~ :::Ju u ~ ~ I- I-(f)

~ ~-_f\-(f) w w

~ I ----U ~ .. .. I-

)~ ~1--v I-a:: a:: ::> ::> 0 0 0 0 w

(§§= w a:: 0:: 0

~~G2 0 LL. LL.

..,..; C'4

~ ~:=:; r.[)'11 =21 ~ , ~(

~~<77){ ~ ~~-I =

~ ~n~a l~/ i

MEIR IV. TOMB-CHAPEL D, No. 2. PLATE VI.

c:::---

c~(

2.

I I __J -

(\ \

\

~(

Un A t.11"\ C>r"C: t.IC" /\01"\\/C" C""I "T'O A "ll"'C: ( 0 \

:~========~~ ) .:-------~ ~ I

/ (_

-r MEI R IV.

I \ 11 II 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 U l l ! I l \ l 6~~ /i_L =im ~· ~~R mC~ n*Af~[1l aL[~u~c??>il ~ 11 ~ ~ rof ~~88 ~~~~a~ \if'liD

_, -

i;;:;;: ~~ l C§ ~ ~.~ (

SCALE 1 : 6

1~ 0 t?

--I 1·1· ii I

.I I

MAIN ROOM: EAST WALL: NOR

PLATE VIII.

11

[

·· ... ___ _

AMBER: SOUTH WALL OF RECESS.

TOMB-CHAPEL 0, No. 2.

1. SOUTH BURIAL-CHAMBER: NORTH HALF OF EAST WALL

SCALE 1 :6

·~·

f ... • • • • . . . . ' •, R \ ' .. \ ''~· '\\\'

3. SOUTH BURIAL

' • • t

PLATE IX.

'/ v \

I ROOM: NORTH WALL i10>.

OM: WEST WALL: NORTH OF FA~ADE-STELA (11).

•

SCALE 1 :7

MEIR IV.

11,~(? ,,,~ ("'""::;

(, ~ ~{/~~ u u ~~// c=J __..) C\

( SCAl.E 1 : 7

MAIN ROOM: WEST WALL: NORTH

SIDE OF FACSADE-STELA (11).

IEIR IV. TOMB-CHAPEL D, No. 2. PLATE X.

..f. 0:: w I­(/)

(.'.) w 0::

lL 0 0 z w I­(/) UJ

~ I­<(

(/)

t­en Q_

0:: <(

I

w _J <(

2 w lL

0 ~

- - I-

.. 2 0 0 0::

z <(

2

MEIR IV. TOMB-CHAPEL D, No. 2. PLATE XI.

~ 1f~l~~~~~A-··-~~q1u~;:i:L~+ L I

SCALE 1 ' 6

! :;-~ J'•iJe3W- [JJ t r<=>A, '_· f ~;I: - u l~lf~t ~ ~+ ..-+.vi._f)+--"+ ~~1111111111

:===.... ~ v a+•+!i()imi ~----1..-...=.....:i......:..----- - - - -

MAIN ROOM: WEST WALL: INSCRIPTIONS ON FAqADE-STELA <12).

PLATE XII.

FAqADE-STELA (13).

'· TOMB-CHAPEL

-- ---__ :-=.- I I L-~[1 -

MAIN ROOM. WES ' T WALL: SOUTH SID

' I ,, /

'

~ n c::::=i

L1 dJ ~

fSC>// = --,

SCALE ·, : 4

MAIN ROOM: WEST SIDE: NORTH OF DOORWAY ADMITTING TO INNER ROOM (14).

s: rn ;:o

<

-i 0 s: CD I () I )> "'U m r 0

z 9

"'

"'U r )> -i m x

~~----------------------· PLATE XIV.

- ~

A . A~~~~~~~

u~\~ ~~--~~~~~~~~~~~~ A

TOMB-CHAPEL D, No. 2.

'

<

SCALE 1: 6

PLATE XV.

c===::;;;=:=~=--===~=n===n===n====-t====r.==

$ ::$>

~

I

·-==::!b~d!~~~~~Sl--~ i5LfYC\..~ ~~ ~ ~ ~flr'~Jr~H O~~}~ cf1J ._. ~ ~~ ~---~ ll ..... :

~P ~~Ro~ :: ~l i '-'dY .! ~~~ .·':' '71/:7 I I

A

j

I I , , I• 1 I I I I I I I I I

No. 2.

I

--~ '

A I I , _.,., <CO\

~ <§>dlRJ &~r~~Z[;QJ.

~~~Ii IC r i1r~r \

............ -

I

I I I

<

I

..-;;::::: It ,_ lftl#ltt.

I' J //' .,-,...., IJt;. I I' ' - -.:: I 11 ~

~ -.........

TOMB-CHAPE L D, No. 2.

MAIN ROOM : sou TH WALL (17. 18

MEIR IV.

------

SCALE 1: 6

I

I I I

I I

PLATE XVI.

~~-_®. ~~~/~Ill - -b~ - -u~ 0

~

~/I Q

~ ! ~' ~J I I 00 0::

~ •

..::.. ' ·1 c

' ~l ()

fii1

~ . c,'fi?l. ,,

• • ' t ' ~~l~ t

~ ~ -~ ~ n •

I

·CHAPEL 0, No. 2.

; ENTRANCE : MIDDLE AND SOUT H END (19).

TOMB-CHAPE

\\ •I~ 1\

MAIN ROOM: EAST WALL: SOUTH OF El\

MEIR IV.

~i•k~44~~\t. ,:. - ------= tl ••

/! ' I

. I;

\\ ~ ., .. ~ 11

SCALE 1 : 6

TOMB-CHAPEL 0 N I Q, 2, PLATE XV

'

/

MEIR IV. TOMB-CHAPEL 0, No. 2.

l I : i l ;///! !if 1 1 I I

.,, lj , . :

SCALE 1: 6

MAIN ROOM : F.A!=:T WA I I • 01" 1 I.,..,' "' '"' -··- - •• · --

No. 2. PLATE XVl ll .

D. J.V. FORSTER

H HALF OF EAST WALL.

D. J . V. FORSTER

3 . SOUTH BURIAL-CHAMBER: SOUTH WALL OF RECESS.

TOMB-CHAPEL 0, No. 2.

1. SOUTH BURIAL-CHAMBER : NORTH HALF OF EAST WALL.

SCALE 1 : 8

"HAMBER: SOUTH WALL OF RECESS. 3. SOUTH BURL

v. TOMB-CHAPEL

1. SOUTH BURIAL-CHAMBER: NO

:8 SCALE 1: 8

2. NORTH BURIAL-CHAMBER: SOUTH WALL OF RECESS.

PLATE XIX.

f TOMB-CHAPEL D, No. 2 .

L--~----===-~1-B l;;:~tr ~<!< t ~t !(.

.. . . .,.,. . ..,, . , . •• •

w

~ <f

1. SOUTH BURIAL-CHAMBER: WEST WALL OF RECE~ 1SEE PLATE XXV, 2).

2, NORTH BURIAL-CHAMBER: wr=cT .. ,. ' ' - -

IV.

SCALE 1 : 3

TOMB-CH AF

.. .. ...._ .. ····r:s'. -· ... , '1i'

.. . • ' # ,., ,, . , . •• -

1. SOUTH BURIAL-CHAMBEF \SEE PLAT

2, NORTH BURIAL-CHAMBEI (SEE PLAT

TOMB-CHAPEL 0, No. 2. PLATE XX

A.~ . I .. .. • .. ._ - I : ~ • : ~ -: :: l~ .... ~ ~ :::;,~ c:. ••• - ~;. ::.::. ~ rn

11') /'J •tl( I .. , 'f I :•f ,,,, J..f / _::) ..!:) - ~ ~ - - !! (l ?nP // / ~ ~

'2

.,

~ 6

7

. ~ - .J,,, .. . . "~"

~ ....-

I~ - q 1-- ,,: ~' -c .... ~ CZZ-f ~~~"' l Id L... ~-e .. , fil ~

-,~1 ~ - ~ 0 itl !ii J

IZI 9 10 11

1'2

a • ' -'-~I.~ fl . ' ,

~~ ~ 1•1 ~

ID~.l ~~ ~

E.' G1 ':;~ ~~~ ~ /;~;f - ~ 16

16 17 18

ISCRIPTIONS IN NORTH AND SOUTH BURIAL-CHAMBERS (SE£ PLS. XVlll, XIX. ANO XXlll, 3)

MEIR IV.

<...:> J -.'!' ~

I/ 7

,, ... ,, I I I

13

4

14

: i ·, ~ ·;· . ~ ~·>

8

. ' -~ . ' ' 16

TOMB-CHAPEL D, No. 2,

9

16

HIERATIC INSCRIPTIONS IN NORTH AND SOUTH BURIAL-C (SEE PLS. XVlll, XIX, AND XXlll, 8)

TOMB-CHAPEL D, No. 2. PLATE XXI.

II ,(fj ~ Fl -- D. J. V. FORSTER

; BURIAL-CHAMBER: NORTH WALL OF RECESS .

. ,,, __

I BURIAL-CHAMBER: NORTH WALL OF RECESS.

MEIR IV.

) I

{

I I \

SCALE 1 : 6

SCALE 1 : 6

TOMB-CHAPEL 0, No. 2.

1. SOUTH BURIAL-CHAMBER: NORTH WALL OF

____________ ,.. ________ _

/

''f'--

2. NORTH BURIAL-CHAMBER: NORTH WALL OF RE

MEIR IV. D, No. 2. XXll.

MEIR IV. TOMB-CHAPEL 0, No. 2. PLATE XXlll .

1. PEPl'ONKH IN HIS CARRYING-CHAIR WATCHES THE HARVESTING.

(SEE PLATE XIV) .

3. SOUTH WALL ANO PART OF WEST WALL OF RECESS IN NORTH BURIAL-CHAMBER.

ISEE PLATES XVlll, 2, XIX, 2 ).

2. GENERAL VIEW OF TOMB-CHAPEL 0, NO. 2. (PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN IN APRIL 1921).

4. MAIN ROOM: PART OF WEST WALL AND DOORWAY ADMITTING TO INNER ROOM.

ISEE PLATES XII-XIV).

MEIR IV TOMB-CHAPEL D, No. 2.

1. PART OF SCENE OF PLOUGHING AND SOWING ON WEST WALL OF MAIN ROOM. <see PLATE XIV).

2. CONTINUATION OF ABOVE. (SEE PLATE XtVl

PLATE XXIV.

~

1. THE FAyADE-STELA AND ADJACENT REPRESENTATION

OF THE SEVEN UNGUENTS. (SEE PLATES IX, XI ).

2. PEPl'ONKH RECEIVING THE IMPOSTS ON THE HERDS

OF CATTLE AND GOATS. fSEE PLATE XVll.

~ m ::u

<

-I 0 $ CD I

0 I )> -u rn r 0

z 0

IO

-u r )> -I rn x x <

1EIR IV. TOMB- CHAPEL 0, No. 2.

1. TETHERING STONE FOR VICTIM AND BASIN FOR CATCHING BLOOD

BESIDE MOUTH OF NORTH SHAFT IN MAIN ROOM.

2. SKETCH OF RECESS IN SOUTH BURIAL-CHAMBER. (SEE PLATES XVlll-XXI).

PLATE XXV.