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'T
AR
AB
PA
LE
ST
INIA
N
RESI
STAN
CE Mag
azin
e19
73 PAIE
STIIE
LIB
ERAT
ION
ARMY
-
PEOP
LE'S
^LI
BERA
TION
FOR
CES
Ara
b P
ale
sti
nia
nR
E S
I S
T A
CE
Vol
ume
V
No.
7Ju
ly 1
973
CO
NT
EN
TS
• F
rom
the
reco
rd
3
• E
dito
rial
4-5
• P
oliti
cal
scen
e B
y: M
.T.B
ujam
uni
6-13
• Is
rael
's S
ilent
War
(Ju
ly 1
972-
May
197
3)
14-2
5B
y :
S.
Ant
onlu
s
• T
he S
ocia
l S
truct
ure
of
Isra
el
26-3
6B
y :
Pro
f. L
ajpa
t R
ai
• T
he U
.S. Is
rael
and
Eth
iopi
a 37
-41
a G
hass
an K
anaf
ani
By:
An
ni
Kan
afan
i 42
-61
• M
y S
on
By
: G
hass
an K
anaf
ani
62-6
7
• O
AU
Thr
eate
ns I
srae
l W
ith
Eco
nom
ic
68-7
2S
anct
ions
• W
hat
Are
The
y C
eleb
ratin
g ?
73-7
7
• A
boo
k re
view
: T
he
Fal
l of
Jeru
sale
m
78-8
5
• D
ocum
ents
: T
he
Bol
ogna
App
eal
and
the
86-9
4E
UR
AB
IA C
omm
itte
e L
ette
r
Co
rre
sp
on
de
nc
e
Th 9
E
d i
t o
r,
Re
sis
ta
nc
e,
P. §
. B.
35
77D
a m
• •
c u
e ,
Sy
ria
Pri
ce
p
er
co
py
Sy
ria
n
p i
a *
t « r
* 1
$ O
.S 0
FR
OM
TH
E R
EG
OR
D
«...
It
is A
mer
ican
sup
port
whi
ch e
nabl
es
the
pres
ent
lead
ers
of I
srae
l, in
def
ianc
e of
wor
ld o
pi-
nion
to
anne
x an
d en
circ
le A
rab
Jeru
sale
m,
to p
lant
Isra
eli
settl
emen
ts
on l
and
seiz
ed f
rom
th
e A
rabs
,to
pro
long
the
mis
ery
of t
he r
efug
ees
- and
, by
thes
eac
ts,
to m
ake
it ce
rtai
n th
at
ther
e w
ill
be
furt
her
conf
lict
in t
he M
iddl
e E
ast.
»
Thi
rty
Eur
opea
n le
ader
s in
th
eE
UR
AB
IA
Com
mitt
ee
lett
er
toP
resi
dent
Nix
on-M
ay 1
4, 1
973
•
Ed
i to
nWl
K'
HDR
The
S
ecur
ity
Cou
ncil
dis
cuss
ion
of t
he
Mid
dle
Eas
t co
nflic
t ha
s no
w
com
e to
an
en
d-a
hi
ghly
frus
trat
ing
end.
Pri
or t
o th
e vo
te-t
akin
g st
age,
the
Cou
ncil
had
befo
re
it a
dra
ft
reso
lutio
n s
ubm
itted
by U
.N. r
epre
sent
ativ
es
of n
on-a
ligne
d co
untr
ies.
The
dr
aft
reso
lutio
n st
rong
ly
depl
ored
Is
rael
'sco
ntin
uing
oc
cupa
tion
of t
he
terr
itor
ies
seiz
ed
inth
e Is
rael
i 19
67 w
ar o
f ag
gres
sion
; ex
pres
sed
seri
ous
conc
ern
at I
srae
l's l
ack
of
coop
erat
ion
wit
h D
r.Ja
rrin
g-,
the
Spec
ial
Eep
rese
ntat
ive
of
the
U.N
.S
ecre
tary
-Gen
eral
; an
d de
clar
ed
that
ch
ange
s in
the
occu
pied
te
rrit
orie
s in
trod
uced
by
the
Is
rael
iau
thor
itie
s in
vi
olat
ion
of t
he
polit
ical
an
d ot
her
fund
amen
tal
righ
ts o
f th
e in
habi
tant
s of
the
ter
ri-
tori
es,
wou
ld n
ot b
e re
cogn
ized
. The
res
olut
ion
also
voic
ed t
he c
onvi
ctio
n th
at a
jus
t an
d pe
acef
ul s
olu-
tion
of
the
M
iddl
e E
ast
prob
lem
sho
uld
take
in
toco
nsid
erat
ion
the
legi
tim
ate
aspi
ratio
ns o
f th
e P
ales
-ti
nian
peo
ple.
Fou
rtee
n de
lega
tes
to
the
Cou
ncil,
in
clud
ing
repr
esen
tati
ves
of
perm
anen
t m
embe
rs,
vote
d in
favo
ur
of t
he
reso
lutio
n;
but
the
repr
esen
tati
ve o
fth
e U
nite
d S
tate
s vo
ted
agai
nst
it,
whi
ch
mea
ntth
at t
he r
esol
utio
n w
as v
etoe
d an
d ki
lled
. T
his
veto
by
the
Uni
ted
Sta
tes
repr
esen
tati
ve
did
not
com
e
as a
sur
pris
e to
us.
How
ever
, it
did
conf
irm
a n
umbe
rof
fa
cts,
in
clud
ing
the
foll
owin
g:
(1)
that
the
U.S
. G
over
nmen
t is
nei
ther
int
eres
ted
in t
he J
arri
ng
mis
sion
nor
hi
find
ing
a ju
st a
ndpe
acef
ul
sdlu
tion
to
th
e M
iddl
e E
ast
conf
lict
and
that
al
l ta
lk
by U
.S.
offi
cial
s ab
out
peac
ein
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t is
mer
e de
cept
ion.
(2)
that
the
U
nite
d S
tate
s ap
prov
es
of
Isra
el's
defi
ance
of
the
wor
ld c
omm
unity
and
of
Isra
el's
pers
ecut
ion
of t
he
Ara
bs
livi
ng
unde
r Is
rael
iru
le.
(3)
that
the
rea
l en
emy
of t
he A
rab
peop
le i
s fi
rst
the
Uni
ted
Sta
tes
and
then
Isr
ael,
whi
ch i
s th
eim
med
iate
pe
rpet
rato
r of
Z
ioni
st-i
mpe
rial
ist
crim
es
of
aggr
essi
on
agai
nst
the
Pal
esti
nian
Ara
bs a
nd t
he A
rab
coun
trie
s.
Wit
h th
is n
ew
anti
-Ara
b ve
to
by
the
Uni
ted
Sta
tes
Gov
ernm
ent
and
the
rece
nt
j250
mill
ion
gran
t to
Isr
ael
to c
over
Isr
ael's
mil
itar
y pu
rcha
ses
in t
he
U.S
., th
e A
rabs
eve
ryw
here
sh
ould
kn
oww
ho t
hei
r ar
ch e
nem
y is
and
sho
uld
act
acco
rdin
gly
in r
espe
ct o
f A
mer
ican
inte
rest
s in
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t.
by :
M.
T.
Buj
aira
mi
Wit
h th
e 25
th a
nniv
ersa
ry o
f th
e es
tabl
ishm
ent
of
Isra
el,
ther
e se
ems
to l
oom
a n
ew b
id t
o an
ni-
hila
te
the
Pale
stin
ians
, in
an
atte
mpt
to
eli
min
ate
the
«cor
pus
deli
cti»
of
the
old
crim
e w
hich
w
asco
mm
itte
d in
19
48.
Eve
ryth
ing
in t
he
Mid
dle
Eas
tin
dica
tes
that
the
big
plo
t ag
ains
t th
e P
ales
tini
ans
is a
ppro
achi
ng t
he l
ast
stag
e -
the
stag
e of
phy
sica
lli
quid
atio
n.
Isra
el
seem
s to
hav
e de
velo
ped
a «r
elis
h»
for
the
spec
tacu
lar
«tou
r de
for
ce»
whi
ch t
rigg
ered
the
bloo
dbat
h in
L
eban
on
(Apr
il 1
0) o
n th
e tr
ails
of
the
brut
al
raid
s of
Isr
aeli
co
mm
ando
s w
ho
stru
ckat
the
Pal
esti
nian
s in
the
ver
y he
art
of
Bei
rut.
Iron
ical
ly,
the
Isra
eli
atta
ck w
hich
cla
imed
th
eliv
es o
f a
cons
ider
able
num
ber
of P
ales
tini
ans
took
plac
e on
the
10t
h of
Apr
il,
whi
ch i
s a
sign
ific
ant
day
in t
he P
ales
tine
ca
lend
ar.
It w
as o
n th
e sa
me
day
of
1948
tha
t th
e m
assa
cre
of D
eir
Yas
sin
was
pe
r-pe
trat
ed b
y th
e fa
nati
c tr
igge
r-ha
ppy
Zio
nist
gan
gs,
who
ki
lled
so
me
250
unar
med
P
ales
tini
an
wom
en,
chil
dren
and
old
peo
ple
in c
old
bloo
d an
d in
br
oad
dayl
ight
. Is
rael
's r
aid
into
Bei
rut
on t
he 2
5th
anni
-ve
rsar
y of
the
Dei
r Y
assi
n m
assa
cre
was
mea
nt t
obe
a b
itte
r re
min
der
that
the
Isr
aeli
s w
ant
to f
inis
hth
e «p
roce
ss»
of a
nnih
ilat
ing
the
Pal
esti
nian
s w
hoha
ve s
urvi
ved
the
holo
caus
t of
194
8. T
he g
reen
lig
htsi
gnal
to
go a
head
was
bea
med
fro
m
Was
hing
ton.
Ala
rmed
by
the
wor
seni
ng f
uel
cris
is,
the
U.S
.is
alr
eady
im
plem
enti
ng a
new
pla
n to
ens
ure
the
cont
inue
d fl
ow o
f A
rab
oil.
The
N
ixon
adm
inis
tra-
tion
feel
s th
at
the
need
is
real
ly
so u
rgen
t th
at
itis
im
pera
tive
to
el
imin
ate
any
pote
ntia
l ob
stac
leth
at t
hrea
tens
the
con
tinu
ed f
low
of
oil
in t
he f
ore-
seea
ble
futu
re.
The
situ
atio
n in
th
e M
iddl
e E
ast,
Was
hing
ton
feel
s, i
s pr
ecar
ious
, vol
atil
e, a
nd h
ighl
yex
plos
ive.
The
pro
tect
ion
of t
he h
uge
Am
eric
an i
n-te
rest
s ne
eds
stab
ilit
y in
an
ar
ea
whi
ch
can
bede
scri
bed
as a
nyth
ing
but
stab
le.
Acc
ordi
ng t
o W
ashi
ngto
n, t
he o
nly
way
to
«sta
-bi
lise»
thi
s pa
rt o
f th
e w
orld
is
to u
rge
a to
ugh
cam
-pa
ign
of
«pac
ific
atio
n»
sim
ilar
to
th
e ca
mpa
ign
wag
ed a
gain
st t
he K
orea
ns i
n th
e ea
rly
fift
ies
and
the
Vie
tnam
ese
in t
he e
arly
six
ties!
The
ini
tial
ste
pin
th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of
th
e pl
ans
desi
gned
to
anni
hila
te t
he P
ales
tini
ans
have
alr
eady
bee
n ta
ken.
The
se p
lans
, in
sim
ple
wor
ds,
cons
ist
of d
oing
eve
ry-
thin
g po
ssib
le t
o w
eake
n th
e A
rabs
at
any
cost
, an
dto
str
engt
hen
Isra
el a
nd e
nabl
e he
r to
str
ike
any-
whe
re a
t an
y tim
e.
The
co
nfer
ence
of
Am
eric
andi
plom
ats
in t
he M
iddl
e an
d Fa
r E
ast,
held
no
tlo
ng a
go i
n T
eher
an w
as i
n fa
ct a
mee
ting
of
«rea
lac
tions
int
ende
d to
fac
ilit
ate
putti
ng
the
plan
s in
toef
fect
in
the
fiel
d, n
ot m
erel
y on
pap
er, a
fter
stu
dy-
ing
the
who
le s
ituat
ion,
pr
epar
ing
deta
iled
asse
ss-
men
ts
and
cons
ider
ing
the
role
s of
th
e va
riou
sal
lies
and
clie
nts
who
are
to
cont
ribu
te t
o th
e op
e-ra
tion. Thu
s, I
srae
l is
cal
led
upon
to
deal
wit
h E
gypt
,Sy
ria
and
any
othe
r A
rab
coun
trie
s th
at m
ay g
ive
them
su
ppor
t. Ir
an
is t
o de
al w
ith
Iraq
an
d th
eA
rabi
an g
ulf,
and
the
reac
tion
ary
forc
es i
n Jo
rdan
and
Leb
anon
are
to
deal
wit
h th
e Pa
lest
inia
ns,
wit
hIs
rael
((g
ivin
g th
em a
han
d» s
houl
d th
at t
ask
prov
eto
o di
ffic
ult
for
them
!
As
a su
pple
men
tary
par
t of
thi
s en
tang
led
plot
,A
mer
ica
wan
ts t
o se
e th
e in
ter-
Ara
b co
nflic
ts e
sca-
late
and
pro
life
rate
, w
ith
the
poss
ibili
ty o
f ca
rryi
ngou
t so
me
tric
ks,
by t
he f
ifth
col
umn
or s
ome
C.I.
A.
8
cloa
k-an
d-da
gger
ag
ents
, he
re a
nd
ther
e, i
n or
der
to
faci
lita
te t
he
inva
sion
-fro
m-w
ithin
pr
oces
s.
The
last
res
ort,
whi
ch c
an b
e ca
lled
at a
nyti
me
if a
ny-
thin
g go
es w
rong
, is
of
cour
se,
the
Six
th F
leet
in
the
Med
iter
rane
an a
ssis
ted
by t
he v
ario
us A
mer
ican
sea
and
air
base
s w
hich
sur
roun
d th
e M
iddl
e E
ast
in C
ypru
s, G
reec
e an
d E
thio
pia.
T
hese
ar
e th
ebr
oad
outli
nes
of t
he p
lot
to k
eep
the
Ara
b w
orld
«und
er c
ontro
l)).
In a
ddit
ion
to t
he o
il sh
orta
ge i
n A
mer
ica,
the
rese
ems
to b
e an
othe
r re
ason
whi
ch m
akes
it
nece
s-sa
ry f
or U
ncle
Sam
to
acce
lera
te t
he i
mpl
emen
ta-
tion
of
the
pl
ot.
The
st
ench
of
co
rrup
tion
ins
ide
Am
eric
a,
as
expo
sed
by
the
Wat
erga
te
affa
ir,
isbe
com
ing
an
incr
easi
ngly
unb
eara
ble
head
ache
for
Nix
on a
nd h
is R
epub
lica
n pa
rty.
The
ou
tlet
is
to
dive
rt t
he
atte
ntio
n of
the
A
mer
ican
peo
ple
away
from
it,
tow
ards
an
even
gre
ater
cris
is o
utsi
de A
me-
rica
. H
ence
the
urg
ent
need
to
crea
te s
uch
a cr
isis
;an
d th
e M
iddl
e E
ast
is t
he m
ost
suit
able
are
na i
nth
e pr
esen
t ci
rcum
stan
ces.
The
Mid
dle
Eas
t is
bet
ter
than
Ind
o-C
hina
for
such
pu
rpos
es,
alth
ough
In
do-C
hina
is
not
to
tall
yex
clud
ed f
rom
th
e sc
ene,
in
lin
e w
ith
Nix
on's
fam
ous
styl
e of
((k
eepi
ng
all
optio
ns o
pen»
. Is
rael
in
fact
w
ould
be
only
too
hap
py t
o ob
lige
Unc
le 9
Sam
and
tre
at
him
to
a so
rt o
f sp
ecta
cula
r pe
rfor
-m
ance
to
prov
e th
at i
t is
a «
frie
nd i
n ne
ed.»
For
by
aggr
avat
ing
the
situ
atio
n an
d la
unch
ing
a ne
wla
rge-
scal
e in
vasi
on
of
the
Ara
b co
untr
ies,
Is
rael
wou
ld
kill
seve
ral
bird
s w
ith
one
ston
e an
d su
ithe
r ow
n pu
rpos
es
as w
ell.
Und
er t
he s
ame
old
pret
exts
th
at
wer
e us
ed t
oju
stif
y br
utal
Isr
aeli
acts
of
aggr
essi
on a
nd i
ntim
i-da
tion
, G
ener
al
Day
an
will
co
mpl
ete
the
task
of
gett
ing
rid
of t
he P
ales
tini
ans,
the
«tr
oubl
emak
ers»
of t
he
Mid
dle
Eas
t. H
e w
ill a
lso
be w
agin
g a
«pre
-ve
ntiv
e w
ar»
to f
ores
tall
any
Ara
b at
tem
pt
to r
e-ga
in t
he o
ccup
ied
Ara
b te
rrit
orie
s; a
nd,
who
kno
ws?
he m
ay e
ven
emer
ge a
s th
e he
ro w
ho «
brou
ght
the
Ara
bs t
o th
eir
knee
s!»
Thi
s m
ay
cons
ider
ably
im
-pr
ove
his
posi
tion
as t
he b
est
cand
idat
e fo
r th
e Is
-ra
eli
prem
iers
hip,
a
post
w
hich
ev
eryt
hing
in
Day
an's
care
er
indi
cate
s th
at
it ha
s al
way
s be
enon
e of
his
mos
t co
vete
d am
bitio
ns.
The
se a
re I
srae
l's a
ims
and
lines
of
polic
y no
w-
aday
s. I
srae
l is
in
the
moo
d fo
r a
new
agg
ress
ion
and
wan
ts t
o br
ing
abou
t a
larg
e co
nfla
grat
ion.
The
evid
ence
is
not
hard
to
find
in
the
wor
ds a
nd d
eeds
of
the
Isra
eli
lead
ers
them
selv
es
in b
oth
the
mili
-ta
ry
and
poli
tica
l fi
elds
. Fo
r ex
ampl
e,
ther
e is
ahu
ge m
ilit
ary
buil
d-up
in
the
nort
h al
ong
both
the
10
Syri
an
and
Leb
anes
e fr
onts
. Is
rael
co
ntin
ues
tois
sue
stat
emen
ts
abou
t he
r m
ilit
ary
mig
ht,
the
num
bers
an
d sp
ecia
l fe
atur
es o
f he
r so
phis
ticat
edw
eapo
ns,
both
A
mer
ican
an
d Is
rael
i-m
ade,
or
«new
ly-d
evel
oped
».
Acc
ordi
ng t
o a
rece
nt s
tate
men
t by
Gol
da M
eir,
Isra
el i
s ev
en r
eady
to
go
as f
ar a
s B
ab-e
l-M
ende
b,ne
ar
Sout
h A
rabi
a to
«s
ecur
e»
pass
age
for
Isra
eli
or I
srae
l-bo
und
ship
s.
Acc
ordi
ng
to
the
Isra
eli
chie
f-of
-sta
ff,
Dav
id
Ela
zer,
Is
rael
's ar
ms
are
rea-
chin
g an
d re
ady
to s
trik
e ag
ains
t th
e Pa
lest
inia
nsan
ywhe
re i
n th
e w
orld
.
Thi
s bo
astf
ul
arro
ganc
e, h
owev
er,
is
para
doxi
-ca
lly c
oupl
ed w
ith
anot
her
atti
tude
in
whi
ch I
srae
lon
ce m
ore
trie
s to
pos
e as
the
po
or,
inno
cent
and
peac
eful
la
mb
surr
ound
ed
by
the
sava
ge,
bloo
d-th
irst
y A
rab
wol
ves.
Gol
da M
eir
has
decl
ared
th
atsh
e th
inks
Egy
pt i
s up
to
som
ethi
ng,
may
be a
sur
-pr
ise
atta
ck a
gain
st I
srae
l. G
reat
pro
paga
nda
nois
esco
me
from
bo
th
Isra
el
and
the
pro-
Zio
nist
m
ass
med
ia
abou
t th
e nu
mbe
r of
air
craf
t E
gypt
is
su
p-po
sed
to b
e pr
epar
ing
for
this
alle
gedl
y im
min
ent
Ara
b on
slau
ght.
Isra
el h
as a
lway
s dr
umm
ed u
p su
chno
ises
abo
ut b
eing
thr
eate
ned
in o
rder
to
wag
e va
stde
vast
atin
g ag
gres
sion
s ag
ains
t on
e or
mor
e A
rab
coun
trie
s.
11
In
the
poli
tica
l ar
ena,
Isr
ael
is a
lso
mov
ing
tost
ir u
p a
new
cam
paig
n of
hat
red
agai
nst
the
Ara
bsin
or
der
to p
repa
re
the
nece
ssar
y at
mos
pher
e in
whi
ch h
er c
rim
es a
gain
st t
he .
Ara
bs b
oth
insi
de a
ndou
tsid
e th
e oc
cupi
ed a
reas
, ca
n be
to
lera
ted
and
cond
oned
. Is
rael
cl
aim
s th
at
she
is o
nly
tryi
ng t
opr
otec
t hu
man
ity
from
th
e A
rab
«ter
rori
sts»
an
d«o
utla
ws»
! In
add
ition
s to
tra
ckin
g do
wn
the
Ara
bsan
d ki
llin
g th
em
in
the
stre
ets
of
Eur
ope,
Is
rael
wan
ts t
o pr
opag
ate
a nu
mbe
r of
na
sty
rum
ours
abou
t th
em.
Hen
ce t
he I
srae
li-m
anip
ulat
ed
rum
ours
abou
t th
y al
lege
d pl
ans
of t
he B
lack
Se
ptem
beri
sts
to
«kid
nap»
so
me
mem
bers
of
the
R
oyal
Fa
mili
esof
Sc
andi
navi
an c
ount
ries
. Z
ioni
st
agen
ts
are
also
tryi
ng t
o cr
eate
tro
uble
be
twee
n th
e A
rabs
an
d a
num
ber
oi E
urop
ean
coun
trie
s, n
otab
ly F
ranc
e an
dIt
aly. Is
rael
's re
cent
ly-d
evel
oped
re
lish
fo
r th
e sp
ec-
tacu
lar
can
also
be
seen
in
th
e vi
sit
by «
Que
enE
liza
beth
II»
to
Ash
dot,
whi
ch w
as c
arri
ed
out
toco
mm
emor
ate
Isra
el's
2'5
th a
nniv
ersa
ry,
desp
ite
the
grea
t co
sts
incu
rred
by
the
owne
rs
of
this
gr
eat
luxu
riou
s sh
ip.
Thi
s re
lish
w
as
also
man
ifes
ted
inth
e hu
ge m
ilit
ary
para
de i
n Je
rusa
lem
, ca
rrie
d ou
tin
a p
rovo
cativ
e w
ay t
hrou
gh
the
stre
ets
of t
he o
ldA
rab
sect
ion
of t
he H
oly
city
.
The
U
.N.
prot
ests
an
d pl
eas
of
the
Secu
rity
Cou
ncil
to I
srae
l to
des
ist
from
suc
h ac
tions
w
ere
all
trea
ted
by t
he I
srae
lis
wit
h ar
roga
nt c
onte
mpt
.Is
rael
, un
der
the
Am
eric
an u
mbr
ella
, ha
s th
us c
hal-
leng
ed
the
who
le
of t
he
inte
rnat
iona
l co
mm
unit
yan
d go
t aw
ay w
ith i
t.M
eanw
hile
, in
side
th
e oc
cupi
ed t
erri
tori
es,
the
Ara
b in
habi
tant
s co
ntin
ue t
o su
ffer
fr
om
recu
rren
tca
mpa
igns
of
de
tent
ion,
to
rtur
e, h
ouse
-dem
olit
ions
and
land
con
fisc
atio
ns.
The
re w
ere
also
Isr
aeli
stat
e-m
ents
abo
ut t
he n
eces
sity
to
bene
fit f
rom
the
wat
ers
of t
he L
itan
i ri
ver
deep
ins
ide
Leb
anon
.C
onfr
onte
d w
ith
this
sta
te o
f af
fair
s, t
he A
rabs
are
expe
cted
by
bot
h Is
rael
an
d A
mer
ica
to d
esis
tfr
om
ente
rtai
ning
eve
n th
e fa
inte
st i
dea
of
chan
g-in
g th
e pr
esen
t st
atus
quo
, an
d to
giv
e th
is
stat
usqu
o th
eir
bles
sing
s an
d to
al
low
Isr
ael
to c
hang
eit
into
a p
erm
anen
t fa
it ac
com
pli.
Bec
ause
th
e A
rabs
re
fuse
to
se
ek
«pea
ce»
atth
e ex
pens
e of
the
ir o
wn
terr
itor
y an
d di
gnit
y, t
hey
are
accu
sed
by I
srae
l of
bei
ng b
lood
-thi
rsty
bel
lige-
rent
s! L
ike
Salo
me
in t
he
Bib
le,
Isra
el
wan
ts
the
Ara
bs t
o gi
ve h
er
the
head
of
the
Pale
stin
ian
Re-
sist
ance
on
a si
lver
tra
y.
Shou
ld
they
re
fuse
, th
eyw
ill b
ear
the
cons
eque
nces
of
incu
rrin
g th
e w
rath
of
Zion
up
on t
hem
selv
es,
and
poss
ibly
up
on
thei
rpo
ster
ity
as w
ell.
As
for
just
ice
and
hum
an r
ight
s...
etc,
the
se,
to
Isra
el,
are
mat
ters
of
se
cond
ary
im-
port
ance
, be
caus
e,
to
Isra
el,
the
end
just
ifie
s th
em
eans
! •
12
S. A
nton
ius
ISR
AE
L'S
SIL
EN
T
WA
E
( Ju
ly 1
972
- May
197
3 )
Zio
nist
pr
opag
anda
ha
s re
vers
ed
the
pict
ure
of
the
Isra
eli-
Pal
esti
nian
co
nflic
t, de
pict
ing
the
Pal
esti
nian
A
rabs
as t
he «
terr
orls
ts»
and
the
Isra
elis
as
the
«vic
tim
s» o
f te
r-ro
rism
. T
he f
ollo
win
g ac
coun
t of
Isr
ael's
«si
lent
war
,» c
on-
sist
ing
of t
erro
rist
att
acks
aga
inst
the
Ara
bs -
-Pal
esti
nian
s,Sy
rian
s an
d L
eban
ese-
be
twee
n J
uly
1972
an
d M
ay
1973
prov
ides
fa
cts
reve
alin
g th
e fa
lsen
ess
of t
he Z
ioni
st p
ictu
re.
14
Sinc
e th
e 19
67 w
ar,
the
Isra
elis
ha
ve
kill
edhu
ndre
ds
of
Pal
esti
nian
s,
Egy
ptia
ns,
Syri
ans
and
Leb
anes
e.
The
Z
ioni
st
poli
cy
is
sim
ply
that
th
e«A
rabs
nee
d a
big
stic
k»,
and
that
in
the
m
oder
nw
orld
na
palm
dr
oppe
d w
ith
elec
tron
ic
prec
isio
nfr
om
Am
eric
an
Pha
ntom
s is
th
e m
ost
effi
caci
ous
stic
k av
aila
ble.
If
46 c
hild
ren
less
tha
n 11
yea
rs o
ldar
e bu
rnt
to d
eath
in
a sm
all
villa
ge
scho
ol
in t
heD
elta
in
Egy
pt
(8 A
pril
197
0),
it is
not
bec
ause
the
Isra
elis
mis
took
the
B
ahr
al-B
akr
scho
ol f
or
a m
i-li
tary
in
stal
lati
on
- no
n-ex
iste
nt
in
that
re
gion
-
but
beca
use
they
w
ante
d to
giv
e th
e E
gypt
ians
«
ago
od
less
on»
and
to c
onvi
nce
them
th
at
the
Sin
aiw
as o
ccup
ied
fore
ver.
Whe
n ci
ties
of
Ism
aili
a, S
uez
and
Por
t Sa
id
wer
e bo
mbe
d in
to
dese
rts,
it
was
beca
use
the
Isra
elis
di
d no
t w
ish
to
have
A
rabs
livi
ng
clos
e to
th
e ne
wly
-sei
zed
terr
itor
ies.
So
me
inha
bita
nts
of
thes
e ci
ties
und
erst
ood:
th
ey
left
thei
r ho
mes
to
live
as «
inte
rnal
ref
ugee
s)).
Som
e di
dno
t -
thes
e di
ed u
nder
the
bom
bs o
f th
e P
hant
oms.
Wha
t di
d it
mat
ter
? «T
here
are
to
o m
any
Ara
bsan
yway
», a
s E
zer
Wei
zman
n ha
s so
can
didl
y sa
id.(
l)
So t
he
Isra
elis
lea
ve t
he
Egy
ptia
n de
ad,
a m
e-m
oria
l to
the
Wes
t's i
ndif
fere
nce
and
cont
empt
for
Asi
an
and
Afr
ican
li
ves.
But
th
e P
ales
tini
ans,
th
eSy
rian
s, t
he L
eban
ese,
ar
e tr
eate
d di
ffer
entl
y. T
hey
are
terr
oris
ts,
and
Isra
el
is p
erfo
rmin
g a
serv
ice
to 15
the
wes
tern
wor
ld b
y ki
llin
g th
em.
Th
e P
ales
tin
ian
sar
e cr
imin
als,
al
l of
th
em,
beca
use
they
in
habi
ted
a co
un
try
that
th
e Z
ioni
sts
wan
ted.
T
hey
wer
ed
riv
en
out,
th
ose
who
su
rviv
ed,
and
lay
do
wn
onth
e la
nd
near
est
to
thei
r ho
mes
. T
he
Syr
ians
an
dth
e (L
eban
ese
then
be
cam
e cr
imin
als
by
asso
cia-
tion
be
caus
e th
ey
allo
wed
th
e P
ales
tin
ian
s to
sta
y.T
hey
shou
ld
hav
e dr
iven
th
em
furt
her
aw
ay
from
Isra
el,
to T
urk
ey,
to G
reec
e, a
ny
wh
ere.
But
"be
caus
eth
ey
bec
ame
acco
mp
lice
s th
ey
too
mus
t d
ie -
un
til
they
«l
earn
th
eir
less
on».
And
al
l ar
e m
agic
ally
tr
ansf
orm
ed
into
te
rro-
rist
s -
the
chil
d of
8, r
un
over
by
a ta
nk
on h
is w
ayto
ho
spit
al,
the
wo
man
of
80, t
he p
easa
nt
stru
gg
lin
gin
hi
s to
bac
co f
ield
who
is
of
«mil
itar
y ag
e»,
even
,in
on
e fa
mou
s in
cid
ent,
tw
o co
ws
in
a L
eban
ese
vill
age.
T
he
«ter
rori
sts»
m
igh
t h
ave
dru
nk
thei
rm
ilk,
who
k
no
ws
?
All
th
is
ind
iscr
imin
ate
slau
gh
ter,
w
hich
m
eets
no r
esis
tanc
e b
ecau
se t
he
peas
ants
, th
e ol
d w
omen
and
the
babi
es a
re n
ot
equ
ipp
ed t
o de
al w
ith
Pha
n-to
ms
and
nap
alm
, an
d do
no
t ev
en
have
pr
oper
shel
ters
bec
ause
th
ey
don't
real
ize
that
ev
eryone
is
thre
aten
ed,
all
this
sl
aug
hte
r is
a
refl
ecti
on
ofth
e g
uil
t th
at
the
Zio
nist
s ar
e fo
rced
to
su
ppre
ssin
o
rder
to
li
ve
wit
h th
emse
lves
. T
hey
have
co
m-
mit
ted
a cr
ime
agai
nst
the
P
ales
tini
ans,
an
d if
all
16
the
Pal
esti
nia
ns
are
dead
th
e cr
ime
wil
l no
lo
ng
erex
ist.
The
m
orni
ng
afte
r th
e b
utc
her
y in
N
ahr
al-
Bar
ed a
nd B
adda
wi
refu
gee
cam
ps,
the
Isra
eli
rad
ioco
mm
ente
d in
it
s A
rab
ic-l
ang
uag
e se
rvic
e «.
.. an
dwe
kill
ed
hu
nd
red
s of
th
em
(Pal
esti
nia
ns)
» as
th
etr
ium
ph
ant
con
clu
sio
n to
th
e ne
ws
rep
ort
. A
sth
ough
th
ey
wer
e sp
eak
ing
of r
abb
its.
(2)
It
may
se
em
stra
ng
e in
th
e co
ntex
t of
th
ese
hund
reds
dea
d,
that
w
e sh
ou
ld
tro
ub
le
to l
ist
just
over
th
irty
ca
ses
of
atta
cks
on
Pal
esti
nia
ns.
How
-ev
er,
we
bel
iev
e th
ey
are
sign
ific
ant
for
two
rea-
sons
. Alt
houg
h m
ost
of
the
peo
ple
ac
tual
ly i
nju
red
wer
e to
tall
y in
no
cen
t of
an
y p
oli
tica
l ac
tiv
ity
(pas
tmen
, se
cret
arie
s,
emp
loye
es i
n b
ank
s),
the
in-
tend
ed
vic
tim
s w
ere
all
acti
vely
en
gag
ed
in
the
Pal
esti
ne
stru
gg
le.
The
y w
ere
no
t m
ilit
ary
fig
hte
rs,
but
peo
ple
of
in
tell
ectu
al
stat
ure
an
d m
ora
l in
-fl
uenc
e w
ho
beli
eved
th
at,
once
the
ex
clu
siv
ism
of
Zio
nism
has
bee
n u
nd
erm
ined
, th
e Je
ws
coul
d le
arn
to
reg
ard
Ara
bs
as
hu
man
be
ings
in
stea
d of
an
irri
tati
ng
inco
nven
ienc
e. B
ecau
se t
hese
pe
ople
wer
ere
spec
ted
and
list
ened
to
by
bo
th
Pal
esti
nia
ns
and
wes
tern
ers,
th
ey
con
stit
ute
d a
dan
ger
to
Z
ioni
sm..
By
assa
ssin
atin
g a
few
d
oze
n le
ader
s th
e Is
rael
ise
cret
se
rvic
e h
op
es
to
elim
inat
e th
e ca
taly
sts
soth
e P
ales
tin
ian
peop
le,
left
ru
dd
erle
ss,
wo
uld 17
lear
n to
acc
ept
its
natu
ral
role
of
hew
ers
of w
ood
and
draw
ers
of w
ater
in
th
e oc
cupi
ed
terr
itor
ies.
By
assa
ssin
atin
g a
few
doz
en
wri
ters
and
in
tell
ec-
tual
s th
e Z
ioni
sts
coul
d pr
even
t th
e sp
read
in
the
wes
t of
a
dang
erou
s ne
w
conc
ept:
th
at
the
diff
e-re
nce
betw
een
'the
inna
te s
uper
iori
ty o
f th
e A
ryan
to
the
Jew
' an
d th
e 'd
ivin
ely-
gran
ted
supe
rior
ity
of t
he J
ew
to t
he n
on-J
ew i
s a
diff
eren
ce o
f de
gree
and
not
of k
ind.
The
se
cond
sig
nifi
cant
po
int
is t
hat,
in
kil
ling
thes
e pa
rtic
ular
pe
ople
, th
e Z
ioni
sts
wer
e ob
lige
dto
be
mor
e ci
rcum
spec
t th
an
usua
l. N
o on
e in
th
ew
est
is m
uch
conc
erne
d if
a h
undr
ed
Syr
ian
vill
a-ge
rs a
re
kill
ed
by m
ista
ke,
but
indi
scri
min
ate
me-
thod
s ca
nnot
be
used
in
Sto
ckho
lm
or
Par
is
orR
ome.
«E
xtra
» pe
ople
ca
n be
ki
lled
by
pr
imit
ive
devi
ces
in B
eiru
t or
Cai
ro o
r A
lgie
rs -
the
y ar
e al
-m
ost
cert
ain
to
be
Ara
bs
anyw
ay.
But
in
C
ypru
sor
F
ranc
e m
uch
mor
e so
phis
tica
ted
met
hods
hav
eto
be
used
, so
tha
t th
e pr
ess
and
polic
e of
th
eco
untr
y co
ncer
ned
wil
l no
t be
to
o ex
aspe
rate
d.
Inth
e w
ords
of
the
Isra
eli
mil
itar
y co
rres
pond
ent
ofM
aari
v:
«...
adva
nced
and
sp
ecia
l m
eans
are
ad
op-
ted,
fo
r th
is i
s a
cont
inuo
us a
nd v
ery
diff
icul
t w
ar».
The
Z
ioni
sts
have
bee
n en
cour
aged
by
the
succ
ess
of
this
pol
icy
to c
onti
nue
thei
r ca
mpa
ign.
U
nti
l«t
he
cons
cien
ce
of t
he
civi
lize
d w
orld
», s
o qu
ickl
y
arou
sed
by
the
deat
h of
a w
este
rner
, ca
n al
sost
retc
h to
in
clud
e th
e P
ales
tini
ans
in
the
hum
anra
ce
thes
e as
sass
inat
ions
wil
l co
ntin
ue.
«The
kill
ing
of
Kan
afan
i m
ust
not
be a
n is
olat
ed a
c-tio
n—
Now
, m
ore
than
ev
er
befo
re,
the
Pal
esti
nia
nle
ader
s m
ust
be o
pen
to p
erso
nal
terr
oris
m.
The
kill
ing
of K
anaf
ani
show
s th
at t
his
is p
ossi
ble,
tha
t it
can
be
carr
ied
out,
and
that
it
invo
lves
no
par
ticu
lar
diff
icul
-ti
es. »
(Uri
D
an,
Maa
riv,
Jul
y 1f
t, 19
73)
• Is
rael
i te
rror
cam
paig
n •
(Bef
ore
1972
, roc
kets
fir
ed o
n PL
O
HQ
in
Bei
-ru
t, em
ploy
ees
slig
htly
in
jure
d.
Roc
kets
fi
red
onW
adie
Had
dad'
s ho
me,
inj
urin
g hi
s w
ife
and
chil
d,ba
dly
dam
agin
g ho
use)
.
1819
1972
July
8
Gha
ssan
K
anaf
ani,
no
veli
st
and
edit
or (3
)
July
8
Lam
ees
Naj
m
(his
16
-yea
r ol
d ni
ece)
July
18
Em
ile
Kha
yyat
, R
if
Ban
k em
ploy
eeJu
ly
19
Dr.
A
nis
Say
egh,
di
rect
or
of
Pal
esti
ne
Res
earc
h C
ente
rJu
ly
19
Abu
H
assa
nJu
ly
20
Shaf
iq
al-H
out
July
20
M
arw
an
Daj
ani
July
20
G
hass
an
Kan
afan
i (l
ette
r po
sted
be
fore
his
assa
ssin
atio
n on
Ju
ly
8)Ju
ly 2
4 D
r.
Azm
i A
wad
an
d hi
s w
ife
(Red
Cre
s-
cent
do
ctor
)
July
25
B
assa
m
Abu
S
hari
f
Sep
tem
ber
14
Moh
amm
ad
Sha
ath,
L
os
Ang
eles
ac
coun
-
tan
t.
Oct
ober
4
Lib
rair
ie
Pal
esti
ne,
Par
is.
Res
pons
ibil
ity
clai
med
by
M
assa
da(4
)
Mov
emen
t fo
r A
ctio
n an
d D
efen
ce.
Oct
ober
8
PL
O
offi
ce,
Bei
rut
and
guer
illa
of
fice
in
Sha
tila
re
fuge
e ca
mp
Oct
ober
16
Wa'
el
Zua
iter
Oct
ober
25
Abu
K
hali
l (i
n A
lgie
rs)
Oct
obe*
25
Mus
tafa
A
wad
Z
eid
(in
Tri
poli
)
Oct
ober
25
Tw
o L
ibya
n pa
sser
s-by
in
st
reet
as
Z
eid
open
ed
lett
er
bom
b.
Oct
ober
26
Sec
reta
ry
and
anot
her
empl
oyee
of
Im
-
port
-Exp
ort
Ban
k in
B
eiru
t
20
bom
b in
ca
rbo
mb
in
car
lette
r bo
mb
lette
r bo
mb
lett
er b
omb
lett
er b
omb
lett
er b
omb
kill
ed
kill
edse
riou
sly
inju
red
hand
s an
d ey
es
inju
red
disc
over
eddi
scov
ered
disc
over
eddi
scov
ered
car
bom
bdi
scov
ered
hook
bo
mb
bom
b in
ho
me
seri
ousl
y in
jure
d
cliil
d in
jure
d
dam
aged
by
bom
b
two
bom
bsm
ater
ial
dam
age
gunn
ed
dow
n at
hi
s ap
art-
ki
lled
men
t en
tran
ce
in
Rom
e
lett
er
bom
b
lett
er
bom
b
tette
r bo
mb
seri
ousl
y in
jure
d
blin
ded
and
para
lyse
d
inju
red
inju
red,
on
e se
riou
sly
21
Oct
ober
26
Egy
ptia
n po
lice
offi
cer
who
che
cked
thr
eesu
spec
ted
lett
ers
at
Cai
ro P
ost
Off
ice
Oct
ober
29
Faro
uq.
Qad
doum
iO
ctob
er 2
9 H
ayil
A
bd
al-H
amid
(i
n C
airo
)N
ovem
ber
1 E
gypt
ian
Em
bass
y at
tach
e in
L
ondo
nN
ovem
ber
29
Om
ar
Suf
an,
Red
C
resc
ent
in
Stoc
khol
m(w
ho t
ook
prec
auti
ons
whi
le o
peni
ng
the
lett
er)
Nov
embe
r 29
A
dnan
Ham
mad
(i
n G
erm
any)
Nov
embe
r 29
T
hree
em
ploy
ees
in T
unis
Pos
t O
ffic
e w
hile
sort
ing
mai
lN
ovem
ber
30
Ahm
ad A
wad
alla
h (C
open
hage
n)
Dec
embe
r 4
Izze
dine
Kal
lak
(in
Fra
nce)
(In
Nov
embe
r th
e Je
wis
h D
efen
ce L
eagu
eha
d se
nt
GU
PS
a th
reat
enin
g le
tter
lik
eth
e on
e se
nt
to
Zua
iter
be
fore
his
as
sass
i-na
tion
).D
ecem
ber
8 M
ahm
oud
Ham
shar
i (P
LO
re
pres
enta
tive
Par
is)
1973
Janu
ary
25
Hus
sein
A
bu
Kha
ir,
PLO
re
pres
enta
tive
in C
ypru
s)M
arch
31
Zia
d H
elou
Apr
il 6
D
r. B
asel
K
ubai
ssy
Apr
il 1
0 O
n th
e 25
th
anni
vers
ary
of
Dei
r Y
assi
n,th
e Is
rael
i go
vern
men
t de
spat
ched
tw
oas
sass
inat
ion
squa
ds
to
Bei
rut
to
mur
der
som
e P
ales
tini
ans.
The
squ
ads
foun
d th
ree
PLO
lea
ders
at
hom
e an
d m
achi
ne-g
unne
d
parc
el b
omb,
Cai
role
tter
bom
ble
tter
bom
ble
tter
bom
b
lette
r bo
mb
parc
el
bom
b
lett
er b
omb
lette
r bo
mb
inju
red
disc
over
eddi
scov
ered
disc
over
edlo
st
flng
ers
of h
ands
seri
ousl
y in
jure
din
jure
d
seri
ousl
y in
juri
ied,
lo
st
one
arm
disc
over
ed
bom
b in
ho
me
elec
tric
ally
lo
st a
leg
, di
ed o
n Ja
nuar
y 8
deto
nate
d
bom
b in
hot
el b
edro
om e
lect
- ki
lled
rica
lly
deto
nate
dbo
mb
in c
ar
char
ge
expl
oded
pr
emat
u-re
lygu
nned
dow
n in
Par
is s
tree
t ki
lled
2223
1
Apr
il 1
0A
pril
10
Apr
il 1
0A
pril
10
May
2
them
in
th
eir
slee
p.
The
y al
so
mac
higu
nned
th
e w
ife
of
one
(but
mis
sel
chil
dren
, w
ho
man
aged
to
sh
in
dow
the
fire
es
cape
) an
d ki
lled
an
el
derl
y jt
,.
lady
w
ho w
as
stay
ing
in
the
sam
e ap
art
men
t bu
ildi
ng.
Ano
ther
m
urde
r sq
kill
ed
two
Leb
anes
e sh
op-k
eepe
rs
in
th •
beds
(a
ppar
entl
y ju
st
for
fun)
an
d fl
v
Pal
esti
nian
gu
eril
las
in
a ba
ttle
. X
hm
ost(
5)
vici
ous
touc
h ca
me
in
the
Isra
elis
' tr
eatm
ent
of
the
dead
bo
dy o
f on
e
of
the
lead
ers:
be
caus
e he
w
as
offic
ial
spok
esm
an,
they
pu
mpe
d a
mag
azin
e of
cart
ridg
es i
nto
his
mou
th;
beca
use
he w
asa
Chr
isti
an,
they
ar
rang
ed
his
body
in
the
form
of
a
cruc
ifix
ion.
Moh
amm
ad
Yus
if
Naj
jar
Mrs
. Y
usif
N
ajja
rK
amal
A
dwan
Kam
al
Nas
ser
(PL
O
offi
cial
sp
okes
man
)
Mrs
. N
ada
Yas
hrut
i (P
ales
tini
an
Wom
en's
Lea
gue)
24
uuui
ud
clow
n in
hi
s be
d ki
lled
pnae
d
clow
n in
her
be
d ki
lled
..min
ed
clow
n in
hi
s be
d ki
lled
: i .
id
clow
n in
hi
s ap
art-
ki
lled
nicn
t;im
lm-h
ecl
by
3 m
en
wit
h ki
lled
hinc
-.mm
s at
en
tran
ce
tohe
r ap
artm
ent
1)
Haa
retz
. 25
Sep
tem
ber,
197
2. W
eizm
ann
is h
ead
of
the
lim
it p
arty
in
Isra
el.
8.30
a.
m.,
Feb
ruar
y 21
, 19
73I'n
less
oth
erw
ise
stat
ed,
the
crim
es
occu
rred
in
Bei
rut.
'I'll'
1 Je
wis
h S
tude
nts
Fro
nt'ti
c se
cond
na
stie
st
aspe
ct
was
pe
rhap
s th
at
of
the
Yor
k T
imes
, w
hich
aft
er
mon
ths
of s
anct
imon
ious
r at
Pal
esti
nian
vio
lenc
e,
calle
d th
e Is
rael
i S
tate
's
len-P
oli
cy-b
y.m
urd
er
<(b
riili
ant»
, «i
mag
inat
ive»
an
d<l
arin
s»
Apr
il 1
0A
pril
10
Apr
il 10
Apr
il 1
0
May
2
them
in
th
eir
slee
p.
The
y al
so
mac
hine
-gu
nned
th
e w
ife
of
one
(but
m
isse
d th
ech
ildr
en,
who
man
aged
to
sh
in
dow
n th
eA
re
esca
pe)
and
kille
d an
el
derl
y It
alia
nla
dy
who
was
sta
ying
in
th
e sa
me
apar
t-m
ent
buil
ding
. A
noth
er
mur
der
squa
dki
lled
tw
o L
eban
ese
shop
-kee
pers
in
th
eir
beds
(a
ppar
entl
y ju
st
for
fun)
an
d fi
veP
ales
tini
an
guer
illa
s in
a
batt
le.
The
mos
t(5)
vi
ciou
s to
uch
cam
e in
th
e Is
ra-
elis
' tr
eatm
ent
of t
he
dead
bo
dy o
f on
eof
th
e le
ader
s:
beca
use
he
was
of
fici
alsp
okes
man
, th
ey
pum
ped
a m
agaz
ine
ofca
rtri
dges
in
to
his
mou
th;
beca
use
he w
asa
Chr
isti
an,
they
arr
ange
d hi
s bo
dy i
n th
efo
rm
of
a cr
ucif
ixio
n.M
oham
mad
Y
usif
N
ajja
rM
rs.
Yus
if
Naj
jar
Kam
al A
dwan
Kam
al
Nas
ser
(PL
O
offi
cial
sp
okes
man
)
Mrs
. N
ada
Yas
hrut
i (P
ales
tinia
n W
omen
'sL
eagu
e)
sunn
ed
dow
n in
hi
s be
d ki
lled
gunn
ed
dow
n in
he
r be
d ki
lled
gunn
ed
dow
n in
hi
s be
d ki
lled
gni'r
.ed
dow
n in
hi
s ap
art-
ki
lled
men
tam
bush
ed
by
3 m
en
with
ki
lled
mac
hine
-gun
s at
en
tran
ce
tohe
r ap
artm
ent
24
(1)
Haa
retz
, 25
Sep
tem
ber,
197
2. W
eizm
ann
is h
ead
of
the
Her
ut p
arty
in
Isra
el.
(2)
8.30
a.m
., F
ebru
ary
21,
1973
(3)
Unl
ess
othe
rwis
e st
ated
, th
e cr
imes
occ
urre
d in
B
eiru
t.(*
) T
he J
ewis
h S
tude
nts
Fro
nt(5
) T
he
seco
nd
nast
iest
as
pect
w
as
perh
aps
that
of
th
eN
ew Y
ork
Tim
es,
whi
ch a
fter
m
onth
s of
sa
nctim
onio
usho
rror
at
P
ales
tini
an v
iole
nce,
ca
lled
the
Isra
eli
Sta
te's
fore
ign-
polic
y-by
-mur
der
«bri
llia
nt»,
«i
mag
inat
ive»
an
d«d
arin
g-».
Pro
f. L
ajpa
t R
ai
TH
E
SOC
IAL
STR
UC
TU
RE
OF
ISR
AE
L
The
'i'-
st c
ruci
al c
hara
cter
isti
c of
Isr
aeli
soc
iety
is
that
it
is
a so
ciet
y of
im
mig
rant
s. I
n 19
68
the
adul
t (1
5 ye
ars
ana
over
) Je
wis
h
popu
lati
on
of
Isra
el
cons
iste
d
of
1.7
mill
icu
peop
le
of
who
m
34%
wer
e Is
rael
i bo
rn
and
only
4%
01 I
srae
li pa
rent
s. I
n s
uch
a s
ocie
ty c
lass
es t
hem
selv
es,
not
to m
enti
on c
lass
con
scio
usne
ss,
are
still
in
a f
orm
ativ
est
age.
T
his
is
beca
use
an i
mm
igra
nt
has
a m
enta
lity
of«h
avin
g tu
rned
a n
ew p
age
in I
ife,
»
26
Wit
h th
e ch
ange
in g
eogr
aphy
, so
cial
env
iron
men
tan
d of
ten
occu
pati
on th
e im
mig
rant
ten
ds t
o be
com
eob
livio
us o
f th
e so
cial
rol
e an
d cl
ass.
See
ing
that
all
the
adva
ntag
eous
pos
itio
ns
in
the
new
so
ciet
yar
e he
ld
by t
he e
arli
er
incu
mbe
nts,
his
te
nden
cyis
to
clim
b th
e so
cial
lad
der
thro
ugh
sust
aine
d ha
rdw
ork.
He
finds
hi
s so
cial
rol
e as
tra
nsit
iona
l an
dco
nsid
ers
his
soci
al p
osit
ion
mor
e in
te
rms
of
his
ethn
ic a
nd g
eogr
aphi
cal o
rigi
ns,
rath
er t
han
in c
lass
term
s.
Such
a
soci
al
cons
ciou
snes
s is
obv
ious
ly
aba
rrie
r hi
nder
ing
the
wor
king
cl
ass
from
pl
ayin
gan
ind
epen
dent
rol
e, l
et a
lone
a r
evol
utio
nary
ro
leai
min
g at
a
tota
l tr
ansf
orm
atio
n of
so
ciet
y.
No
wor
king
cl
ass
can
play
a
revo
luti
onar
y ro
le
in a
soci
ety
whe
n th
e m
ajor
ity
of
its
mem
bers
de
sire
to
impr
ove
thei
r si
tuat
ion
indi
vidu
ally
w
ithin
th
eex
isti
ng s
ocia
l fr
amew
ork,
by
leav
ing
the
rank
s of
thei
r cl
ass.
It w
ould
, the
refo
re,
be f
util
e in
the
nea
r fu
ture
to e
xpec
t an
eff
ectiv
e ro
le f
rom
the
Isr
aeli
wor
king
clas
s or
eve
n to
hop
e fo
r a
mea
ning
ful
acti
vity
in-
side
its
cla
ss p
roce
edin
g fr
om t
he s
ame
assu
mpt
ions
and
expe
ctat
ions
th
at
appl
y in
a
clas
sic
capi
tali
stso
ciet
y. The
sec
ond
impo
rtan
t fe
atur
e of
Isr
aeli
soci
ety
is t
hat
it w
as a
nd i
s a
colo
nial
ism
; th
at i
ts s
ettl
ers
cam
e to
Pal
estin
e,
seiz
ed
or b
ough
t la
nd
and
de-
cide
d to
liv
e th
ere.
Thi
s so
ciet
y in
clud
ing
its w
ork-
ing
clas
s w
as t
hus
shap
ed t
hrou
gh a
pro
cess
of
colo
-ni
zatio
n. T
his
proc
ess
whi
ch h
as b
een
goin
g on
for 27
the
last
ei
ghty
yea
rs
was
not
ca
rrie
d ou
t in
a v
a-cu
um,
but
in a
cou
ntry
pop
ulat
ed w
ith o
ther
peo
ple,
and
at t
heir
cos
t.
Thi
s pe
rman
ent
conf
lict
betw
een
the
sett
lers
'so
ciet
y an
d th
e in
dige
nous
di
spla
ced
Pale
stin
ian
Ara
bs h
as n
ever
st
oppe
d an
d ha
s sh
aped
th
e ve
ryst
ruct
ure
of I
srae
li so
ciol
ogy,
pol
itic
s an
d ec
ono-
mic
. In
a f
amou
s sp
eech
at
the
buri
al o
f a
Kib
butz
mem
ber
kill
ed b
y th
e Pa
lest
inia
n gu
erri
llas
in
1956
,G
ener
al D
ayan
dec
lare
d:
«We
are
a se
ttle
rs'
gene
rati
on
and
wit
hout
th
e st
eel
helm
et
we
cann
ot
plan
t a
tree
or
bui
ld
a ho
use.
.. It
is
our
gene
rati
on's
de
stin
y,
over
lif
e's
alte
rnat
ive,
to
be
prep
ared
an
d ar
med
, st
rong
an
d ha
rsh.
L
et
the
swor
d dr
op f
rom
ou
r fi
st a
nd o
ur l
ife
wil
l ce
ase
(1)
And
lik
e al
l te
rrit
oria
l co
loni
alis
ms,
Isr
aeli
one
too
is b
ased
on
expa
nsio
nism
. In
a
TV
in
terv
iew
give
n to
Sid
ney
Gru
sen
of N
ew Y
ork
Tim
es,
Mos
heD
ayan
an
swer
ed
the
ques
tion
:
Is i
t po
ssib
le
that
Isra
el
shou
ld a
bsor
b th
e la
rge
num
ber
of
Ara
bsw
hose
ter
rito
ry
it ha
d ga
ined
co
ntro
l of
, in
th
efo
llow
ing
wor
ds
:
«Eco
nom
ical
ly w
e ca
n,
but
it i
s no
t in
acc
ord
wit
h ou
rai
ms
for
the
futu
re.
It
wou
ld
turn
Is
rael
in
to
a bi
~na
tion
al
or a
pol
y-Je
wis
h A
rab
stat
e an
d w
e w
ant
toha
ve
a Je
wis
h st
ate.
We
can
abso
rb
them
, bu
t it
wou
ldn'
t be
in
the
sam
e co
untr
y ...
We
wan
t a
Jew
ish
stat
e li
ke t
he F
renc
h w
ant
a F
renc
h st
ate.
»(2)
So Z
ioni
sm
is
also
te
rrit
oria
l ex
pans
ioni
sm.
28
From
th
is p
olic
y al
one,
the
Pal
esti
nian
Ara
bs w
hoha
ve b
een
depr
ived
of
the
ir
land
s,
thei
r liv
elih
ood
and
thei
r co
untr
y ar
e en
title
d to
wag
e a
patr
ioti
cw
ar a
gain
st t
he I
srae
li r
egim
e, a
nd b
y an
y an
alys
isre
volu
tion
arie
s an
d ra
dica
ls
mus
t su
ppor
t th
em,
atle
ast
unti
l th
ey h
ave
gain
ed t
heir
rig
ht o
f se
lf-d
eter
-m
inat
ion.
Mar
x di
ctum
tha
t «a
peo
ple
oppr
essi
ng a
noth
erca
nnot
its
elf
be f
ree»
is
not
mer
ely
a m
oral
jud
ge-
men
t. H
e m
eant
th
at i
n a
soci
ety
who
se r
uler
s op
-pr
ess
anot
her
peop
le,
the
expl
oite
d cl
ass
whi
chdo
es n
ot a
ctiv
ely
oppo
se t
his
oppr
essi
on i
nevi
tabl
ybe
com
es a
n ac
com
plic
e in
it.
Eve
n w
hen
this
cla
ssdo
es n
ot
dire
ctly
ga
in a
nyth
ing
from
th
is
oppr
es-
sion
, it
beco
mes
sus
cept
ible
to
the
ill
usio
n th
at
itsh
ares
a
com
mon
int
eres
t w
ith
its
own
rule
rs
inpe
rpet
uati
ng
its
oppr
essi
on.
Such
a
clas
s te
nds
totr
ail
behi
nd i
ts o
wn
expl
oite
rs r
athe
r th
an c
hall
enge
thei
r ru
le.
The
exp
erie
nce
of f
ifty
yea
rs d
oes
not
cont
ain
a si
ngle
exa
mpl
e of
Isr
aeli
wor
kers
bei
ng e
ffec
tivel
ym
obili
zed
on m
ater
ial
or t
radi
tion
al i
ssue
s to
cha
l-le
nge
the
Isra
eli
regi
me
itse
lf.
On
the
cont
rary
th
eIs
rael
i w
orke
rs
near
ly
alw
ays
put
thei
r na
tion
allo
yalt
ies
befo
re
thei
r cl
ass
loya
lties
. T
his
may
chan
ge i
n th
e fu
ture
but
fo
r th
e pr
esen
t th
is
is a
real
ity,
whi
ch c
anno
t be
ign
ored
by
the
Pale
stin
ian
revo
lutio
nari
es
in f
ram
ing
thei
r st
rate
gy a
nd t
actic
s.
The
thi
rd c
ruci
al f
acto
r of
Isr
aeli
soci
ety
is t
heet
hnic
cha
ract
er o
f th
e Is
rael
i pr
olet
aria
t. T
he m
a- 29
jori
ty o
f th
e m
ost
expl
oite
d st
rata
wit
hin
the
wor
k-in
g cl
ass
are
imm
igra
nts
for
Asi
a an
d A
fric
a. (3
) A
tfi
rst
sigh
t it
mig
ht a
ppea
r as
if
repu
diat
ion
of c
lass
divi
sion
s by
et
hnic
di
visi
ons
mig
ht
shar
pen
inte
r-na
l cl
ass
conf
lict
wit
hin
Isra
eli
soci
ety.
Yet
thi
s ha
sno
t be
en s
o. T
heir
di
scon
tent
has
not
bee
n di
rect
edag
ains
t th
eir
cond
itio
ns
as p
role
tari
ans,
but
aga
inst
thei
r co
ndit
ion
as '
orie
ntal
s'.
In m
id-s
ixti
es,
two-
thir
ds
of
thos
e do
ing
uns-
kill
ed
wor
k w
ere
orie
ntal
s;
38%
of
th
e or
ient
als
live
d th
ree
or m
ore
peop
le t
o a
room
, w
here
as o
nly
1% o
f th
ose
from
Eur
ope
did
so;
and
in t
he K
ness
eton
ly
16 o
f th
e 12
0 m
embe
rs
wer
e or
ient
als
befo
re19
65 a
nd o
nly
21 a
fter
it.
(4)
How
ever
, la
ckin
g cl
ass
cons
ciou
snes
s, t
he o
rien
-ta
l w
orke
r in
terp
rets
th
eir
cond
itio
ns
in
eth
nic
term
s.
«I
am
expl
oite
d an
d di
scri
min
ated
ag
ains
tbe
caus
e I
am
an
orie
ntal
,))
he
says
, «n
ot
beca
use
I am
a w
orke
r.))
Mor
eove
r, i
n th
e pr
esen
t co
ntex
t of
the
Is
rael
iso
ciet
y th
e or
ient
al
wor
kers
ar
e a
grou
p w
hose
equi
vale
nt w
ould
be
the
«poo
r w
hite
s» o
f th
e U
.S:
Suc
h gr
oups
res
ent
bein
g id
enti
fied
w
ith
Ara
bs,
blac
ks
and
nati
ves,
who
ar
e co
nsid
ered
«i
nfer
ior»
by t
hese
set
tler
s. T
heir
res
pons
e is
to
side
wit
h th
em
ost
reac
tion
ary
char
acte
rist
ic
and
raci
alis
t el
e-m
ents
in
the
esta
blis
hmen
t;
mos
t su
ppor
ters
of
the
sem
i-F
asci
st
Her
ut
Par
ty
are
/Jew
ish
imm
igra
nts
from
Asi
a an
d A
fric
a.
30
Thi
s fa
ct s
houl
d be
rem
embe
red
by t
hose
who
sere
volu
tion
ary
stra
tegy
is
ba
sed
upon
a
futu
real
lian
ce o
f A
rab
Pal
esti
nian
s an
d th
e O
rien
tal
Jew
s,w
heth
er
on
the
basi
s of
th
eir
com
mon
ex
ploi
ted
cond
itio
n or
on
the
basi
s of
a c
ult
ura
l af
fini
ty
they
mig
ht
supp
osed
ly h
ave
as
a re
sult
of
the
O
rien
tal
Jew
s ha
ving
com
e fr
om
Ara
b co
untr
ies.
A u
niq
ue
char
acte
rist
ic o
f Is
rael
i so
ciet
y is
tha
tit
bene
fits
fr
om
un
iqu
e pr
ivil
eges
. It
en
joys
an
in
-fu
se
of m
ater
ial
reso
urce
s fr
om
the
outs
ide
of
un-
para
llel
led
qu
anti
ty a
nd q
uali
ty.
It h
as b
een
calc
u-la
ted
that
in
19
68,
Isra
el
rece
ived
10
%
of
all
aid
give
n to
the
un
der-
deve
lope
d co
untr
ies.
(5)
«Isr
ael
is a
uni
que
case
in
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t; i
tis
fin
ance
d b
y im
peri
alis
m w
itho
ut b
eing
eco
nom
i-ca
lly e
xplo
ited
by
it,»
says
N.
Hal
evi,
an
Isra
eli
eco-
nom
ist.
Acc
ordi
ng t
o H
alev
i,
duri
ng
the
17 y
ears
,19
49-6
5,
Isra
el
rece
ived
*6
bill
ion
mor
e of
im
port
sof
go
ods
and
serv
ices
th
an
she
expo
rted
. F
or
the
21 y
ears
194
8-67
, th
e im
port
sur
plus
was
in
ex
cess
of
7-1/
2 bi
llio
n do
llar
s.
Thi
s m
eans
an
ex
cess
of
som
e *2
650
per
pers
on
duri
ng
21 y
ears
fo
r ev
ery
pers
on w
ho l
ived
in
Is
rael
(w
ith
in
the
pre-
June
,19
67 b
orde
rs)
at
the
end
of 1
968.
An
in t
his
supp
lyfr
om
abro
ad
only
abo
ut 3
0% c
ame
to I
srae
l un
der
cond
itio
ns w
hich
ca
ll
for
a re
turn
ou
tflo
w
of d
ivi-
dend
s,
inte
rest
or
ca
pita
l. T
his
is
a ci
rcum
stan
cew
itho
ut
para
llel
el
sew
here
, w
hich
se
vere
ly
lim
its
the
sign
ific
ance
of
Is
rael
i de
velo
pmen
ts
as
anex
ampl
e to
oth
er
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries
.
31
Ove
r 70
% o
f th
is §
7-1/
2 bi
llio
n de
fici
t w
as c
ove-
red
by
net
unil
ater
al
capi
tal
tran
sfer
s. T
hey
con-
sist
ed
of
dona
tion
s ra
ised
by
th
e U
nite
d Je
wis
hA
ppea
l, re
para
tion
s fr
om
Ger
man
go
vern
men
t an
dgr
ants
by
U
S go
vern
men
t. 30
%
cam
e fr
om
long
-te
rm
capi
tal
tran
sfer
s—Is
rael
i go
vern
men
t bo
nds,
loan
s by
for
eign
go
vern
men
ts,
fore
ign
capi
tali
st i
n-ve
stm
ent,
and
wor
ld
Jew
ry.
In
othe
r w
ords
th
egr
owth
of
Is
rael
i ec
onom
y w
as
base
d en
tire
ly
onth
e in
flow
of
capi
tal
from
ou
tsid
e, m
ainl
y fr
om
the
Uni
ted
Sta
tes
and
Bri
tain
.
If
impe
rial
ism
fin
ance
s Is
rael
to
th
is
fant
asti
cex
tent
w
itho
ut e
xplo
itin
g it
ec
onom
ical
ly,
wha
tdo
es i
t ge
t in
re
turn
. T
he
ques
tion
was
an
swer
edby
the
edi
tor
of t
he d
aily
pap
er H
a'ar
etz
as f
ar b
ack
as i
n 19
51:
«Isr
ael
has
been
gi
ven
a ro
le
not
unlik
e th
at
of
aw
atch
dog-
. O
ne n
eed
not
fear
th
at
it
will
ex
erci
se
anag
gres
sive
pol
icy
tow
ards
the
Ara
b st
ates
if
it w
ill c
on-
trad
ict
the
inte
rest
of
U
SA
and
Bri
tain
. B
ut
shou
ldth
e W
est
pref
er,
for
one
reas
on o
r th
e ot
her,
to
cl
ose
its
eyes
, on
e ca
n re
ly
on
Isra
el
to
puni
sh
seve
rely
thos
e of
ne
ighb
ouri
ng'
stat
es
who
se
lack
of
m
anne
rsto
war
ds
the
Wes
t ha
s ex
eede
d th
e pr
oper
li
mit
s.»(
7)
In t
he e
arly
fif
ties
the
anti
-im
peri
alis
t st
rugg
lein
tens
ifie
d th
roug
hout
the
A
rab
wor
ld.
Bri
tain
, al
-re
ady
too
wea
k to
de
fend
it
s ol
d po
siti
on,
had
toac
cept
US
dom
inan
ce i
n th
is
part
of
the
w
orld
as
in o
ther
s.
The
se
two
impe
rial
ist
pow
ers
trie
d to
cr
eate
32
a m
ilit
ary
alli
ance
of
Mid
dle
Eas
tern
co
untr
ies
tose
rve
as a
lin
k in
the
cha
in
of a
nti-
Sov
iet
allia
nces
stre
tchi
ng
from
Sc
andi
navi
a to
K
orea
, an
d to
stre
ngth
en W
este
rn d
omin
atio
n in
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t.T
his
polic
y en
coun
tere
d gr
eat
diff
icul
ties
be
caus
eof
the
op
posi
tion
of
the
Ara
b m
asse
s an
d th
e re
fu-
sal
of t
he E
gypt
ian
and
Syr
ian
gove
rnm
ents
to
par-
tici
pate
in
the
mil
itar
y pa
cts.
The
Isr
aeli
gove
rnm
ent
on t
he
othe
r ha
nd w
asal
way
s to
o w
illi
ng
to p
arti
cipa
te
in
such
sc
hem
es,
not
only
be
caus
e of
the
tr
adit
iona
l li
nks
betw
een
Zio
nism
an
d im
peri
alis
m,
but
also
(a
nd m
ore
spe-
cifi
cally
) be
caus
e of
Isr
ael's
adh
eren
ce
to t
he
stat
usqu
o w
hich
mad
e it
a na
tura
l al
ly o
f im
peri
alis
m—
anal
ly w
ho id
enti
fied
his
ow
n na
tion
al in
tere
sts—
inde
edhi
s ve
ry
exis
tenc
e—w
ith
the
impe
rial
ist
pres
ence
in t
he
Mid
dle
Eas
t.
The
ent
ire
Isra
eli
econ
omy
is f
ound
ed
on
the
spec
ial
poli
tica
l an
d m
ilit
ary
role
w
hich
Z
ioni
smfu
lfils
in
th
e M
iddl
e E
ast
as
a w
hole
. If
Is
rael
is
view
ed i
n is
olat
ion
from
the
res
t of
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t,th
ere
is n
o ex
plan
atio
n fo
r th
e fa
ct t
hat
70%
of
the
spec
ial
infl
ow i
s no
t in
tend
ed f
or e
cono
mic
gai
n an
dno
t su
bjec
t to
co
nsid
erat
ions
of
pr
ofit
abil
ity.
But
the
prob
lem
is
im
med
iate
ly
solv
ed
whe
n Is
rael
is
cons
ider
ed a
s a
com
pone
nt o
f th
e M
iddl
e E
ast.
The
fac
t th
at a
con
side
rabl
e pa
rt
of i
ts m
oney
com
es
from
do
nati
ons
rais
ed
by
Zio
nist
s am
ong
Jew
s al
l ov
er t
he w
orld
do
es n
ot a
lter
its
bei
ng a
subs
idy
by i
mpe
rial
ism
. W
hat
mat
ters
is
ra
ther 33
the
fact
tha
t th
e U
.S.
trea
sury
is
wil
ling
to
cons
ider
thes
e fu
nds,
ra
i'sed
in
U.S
. fo
r in
com
e ta
x ex
emp-
tion
s.
The
se d
onat
ions
de
pend
on
th
e go
odw
ill
ofU
S
trea
sury
an
d it
is
on
ly
reas
onab
le
to
assu
me
that
thi
s go
odw
ill
wil
l no
t co
ntin
ue w
ere
Isra
el t
ore
fuse
th
e ro
le
of
a w
atch
dog
of U
S in
tere
sts
in
this
are
a.
li i
s ob
viou
sly
in
the
inte
rest
of
Isr
ael
to d
e-ve
lop
rela
tion
s w
ith
Afr
o-A
sian
re
gim
es,
to
forg
eec
onom
ic
ties
w
ith
them
an
d to
st
reng
then
pr
o-Is
rael
i in
flue
nce
ther
e.
At
the
sam
e ti
me
US
im
-pe
rial
ism
of
ten
find
s it
m
ore
conv
enie
nt t
o fu
nnel
its
aid
thro
ugh
the
«thi
rd c
ount
ry»
tech
niqu
e, r
ath
erth
an d
irec
tly
orga
nise
aid
act
ivit
y w
hich
has
com
eun
der
clou
d re
cent
ly
in m
any
par
ts o
f th
e w
orld
.
Th
e ac
tivi
ties
of
the
Is
rael
i tr
ade
unio
n H
ista
-dr
ut
thro
ugh
its
so-c
alle
d A
fro-
Asi
an
Inst
itut
e ar
ew
orth
not
ing.
The
In
stit
ute
crea
ted
in
1960
ha
sbe
com
e an
im
port
ant
link
in
its
int
erna
tion
al a
cti-
vity
. U
pto
1969
, it
«t
rain
ed»
over
20
00
dele
gate
sfr
om
trad
e un
ions
and
co
-ope
rati
ves,
fro
m
85 A
fro-
Asi
an
and
Lat
in
Am
eric
an
coun
trie
s.
It
orga
nise
sse
min
ars
and
wor
ksho
ps i
n va
riou
s A
sian
and
A
fri-
can
coun
trie
s, f
orge
s po
liti
cal
and
trad
e un
ion
link
san
d in
dulg
es
in
subt
le
pro-
Isra
eli
prop
agan
da.
Itw
as
the
form
er
stud
ents
of
th
e in
stit
ute,
now
oc-
cupy
ing
high
pos
itio
ns i
n th
eir
resp
ecti
ve
coun
trie
sth
at t
ook
init
iati
ve t
o or
gani
se t
hese
sem
inar
s. S
ome
of
the
coun
trie
s w
here
th
ese
sem
inar
s w
ere
held
are:
Nig
eria
(t
wic
e),
Dah
omay
, T
ogo,
Ivo
ry
Coa
st,
34
Lib
eria
, S
inga
pore
, S
outh
K
orea
(t
wic
e),
Cey
lon,
Indi
a an
d N
epal
. In
19
70 a
lone
, it
s pr
ogra
mm
e of
,ser
nina
rs a
nd w
orks
hops
ex
tend
ed t
o su
ch c
ount
ries
as S
waz
ilan
d,
Les
otho
, B
otsw
ana,
Z
ambi
a,
Sin-
gapo
re,
Hon
g K
ong,
Sou
th K
orea
, et
c.
Geo
rge
Mea
ny,
that
ou
tsta
ndin
g co
llab
orat
orof
Nix
on i
n hi
s di
rty
war
in
Vie
tnam
, an
d th
e P
re-
side
nt o
f th
e A
FL
CIO
w
hich
fi
nanc
es
the
Afr
o-A
sian
Ins
titu
tes
call
ed
its
inst
itut
e «
a n
atio
nal
cent
re
whi
ch
has
wor
ked
for
the
caus
e of
de
mo-
crac
y an
d li
ber
ty i
n th
e fr
ee
wor
ld,
par
ticu
larl
y i
nA
sia
and
Afr
ica.
* (8
)
Isra
el
also
pro
vide
s di
rect
m
ilit
ary
and
econ
o-m
ic
assi
stan
ce t
o A
fric
an
Sta
tes.
T
his
prog
ram
me
bega
n in
196
0 an
d in
clud
es b
oth
gene
ral
assi
stan
ceto
ne
o-co
loni
al
gove
rnm
ents
an
d ai
d to
fo
rces
on
the
sout
hern
pe
riph
ery
of
the
Ara
b w
orld
w
hich
stre
ngth
ens
furt
her
impe
rial
ist
inte
rest
s.
The
la
tter
ca
tego
ry
incl
uded
th
e pr
ovis
ion
ofm
ilit
ary
advi
sors
to
th
e C
had
gove
rnm
ent's
an
ti-
guer
rill
a ca
mpa
ign
(cou
nter
part
of
U
S go
vern
-m
ent's
co
unte
r-in
surg
ency
pro
gram
mes
, in
fa
ct
apa
rt o
f it
) an
d ai
d, b
oth
mil
itar
y an
d ec
onom
ic,
to' t
he
guer
rill
a m
ovem
ent
in
Sou
ther
n S
udan
. Is
rael
also
he
lps
thro
ugh
econ
omic
an
d te
chni
cal
assi
s-ta
nce,
th
e E
thio
pian
te
rror
ca
mpa
ign
agai
nst
the
Eri
teri
an
lib
erat
ion
mov
emen
t. E
ven
Tan
zani
a ha
sno
t be
en a
ble
to r
esis
t Is
rael
's b
land
ishm
ent,
whe
reth
e la
tter
ha
s tr
aine
d ai
r fo
rce,
na
vy
and
arm
ype
rson
nel
and
has
supp
lied
arm
s an
d ad
vice
for
the
esta
blis
hmen
t of
pa
ra-m
ilit
ary
agri
cult
ural
se
ttle
-m
ents
mod
elle
d on
pio
neer
ing
sett
lem
ents
in I
srae
lits
elf. Is
rael
th
us a
cts
as a
ne
o-co
loni
al
agen
cy
for
the
impe
rial
ist
aid
and
trai
ning
pro
gram
mes
. T
his
is t
he p
rice
tha
t U
.S. e
xtra
ct f
rom
th
e Z
ioni
sts
for
prov
idin
g th
e Is
rael
i go
vern
men
t w
ith
huge
sum
sto
bol
ster
its
fas
cist
rul
e ov
er P
ales
tine
and
to
act
as a
wat
chdo
g ov
er
impe
rial
ist
inte
rest
s in
th
eM
iddl
e E
ast.
•
(1)
Mos
he D
ayan
, N
ew Y
ork
Tim
es.
May
5,
195
6.
(2)
C.B
.S.
June
11
, 19
67 L
e M
onde
Su
pple
men
t Ju
ly
22,
1967
.
(3)
The
vas
t m
ajor
ity
of t
hose
who
im
mig
rate
d be
fore
194
8w
ere
of E
urop
ean
orig
in.
Lat
er i
ts
tren
d w
as
reve
rsed
.B
y 19
66 o
nly
half
of
th
e Is
rael
i po
pula
tion
w
ere
Eur
opea
ns.
(4)
Pro
f.
Hal
evi,
The
E
cono
mic
Dev
elop
men
t of
Is
rael
:
1948
.
(5)
Jour
nal
of E
cono
mic
Lit
erat
ure,
Dec
. 19
65,
p. 1
177.
(6)
Shok
en
in
Ha'
artz
qu
oted
by
M
acho
ver,
'Z
ioni
st
Es-
tabl
ishm
ent'
, 19
67.
p. 3
6.
(7)
ibid
, p.
37
(8)
New
Y
ork
Tim
es,
Inte
rnat
iona
l Su
pple
men
t, 7
Oct
ober
1970
.
TH
E U
.S.
,
ISR
AE
L
AN
D
ET
HIO
PIA
Alt
houg
h th
e op
enin
g sp
eech
of
Em
pero
r H
aile
Se
lass
ieat
th
e A
fric
an s
umm
it
conf
eren
ce
last
M
ay
(197
3)
sup-
port
ed
the
dem
and
of
the
inte
rnat
iona
l co
mm
unit
y th
atIs
rael
sho
uld
wit
hdra
w f
rom
the
occ
upie
d A
rab
terr
itor
ies,
the
atti
tude
s ta
ken
by t
he E
thio
pian
de
lega
tion
to
the
con
-fe
renc
e re
gard
ing
the
vari
ous
item
s on
th
e ag
enda
ga
vefu
rthe
r pr
oof
of
the
thre
e w
ay
polit
ical
-mili
tary
lin
kage
of
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es,
Isra
el
and
Eth
iopi
a an
d of
Is
rael
's«c
olon
ial
mas
ters
rol
e in
tha
t co
untr
y. T
he l
inka
ge,
whi
chis
des
igne
d to
ser
ve
the
inte
rest
s of
w
orld
im
peri
alis
m
inth
e A
fric
an c
onti
nent
, is
m
anif
este
d in
th
e ex
iste
nce
of
Am
eric
an m
ilita
ry
base
s in
Eth
iopi
a as
wel
l as
in
Isr
ael's
effo
rts
dire
cted
to
war
d th
e ec
onom
ic
expl
oita
tion
of
th
eco
untr
y.
• U
.S.
Mili
tary
Bas
esT
he
chie
f A
mer
ican
ba
se
in
Eas
t A
fric
a is
Kag
new
St
atio
n, w
hich
is
sit
uate
d in
E
ritr
ea,
aco
untr
y th
at s
hare
s w
ith
the
Eth
iopi
an m
asse
s th
e 37
oppr
essi
ons
of
Eth
iopi
a's
reac
tion
ary
regi
me.
O
fth
e im
port
ance
of
this
bas
e an
d th
e im
peri
alis
t ti
esof
the
U.S
.-Is
rael
-Eth
iopi
an l
inka
ge,
Rob
erto
Cor
rea
Wil
son,
wri
ting
in
the
Febr
uary
-197
2 is
sue
of T
ri-
cont
inen
tal,
said
:
...
Kag
new
Sta
tion
in
Eri
trea
is
as
im
port
ant
as
Oki
naw
a or
D
anan
g fo
r th
e gl
obal
pol
icie
s an
dst
rate
gies
of
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es.
... P
rogr
essi
ves
poin
t ou
t th
at
Kag
new
's e
lec-
tron
ic s
enso
rs c
over
th
e A
rab
natio
ns
and
are
plan
ted
deep
in
Sov
iet
terr
itor
y an
d in
oth
er
soci
a-li
st
nati
ons.
M
ore
than
15
00 A
mer
ican
spe
cial
ists
wor
k on
the
bas
e....
The
Isr
aeli
pol
ice
are
trai
ning
an
anti
-gue
r-ri
lla
cont
inge
nt t
hat
oper
ates
mai
nly
in E
ritr
ea a
ndar
e tr
aini
ng
the
Em
pero
r's
secr
et
serv
ice.
T
heF
eder
al
Rep
ubli
c of
G
erm
any
cont
ribu
tes
to
the
repl
acem
ent
of E
thio
pian
mil
itar
y eq
uipm
ent
wit
hye
arly
pa
ymen
ts o
f 1
mil
lion
do
llars
.. .
. A
side
fro
m t
he 1
1/2
mil
lion
dol
lars
yea
rly
rent
for
Kag
new
, E
thio
pia
rece
ives
mor
e th
an
half
of
all
Am
eric
an
mil
itar
y ai
d to
A
fric
an
nati
ons.
Ac-
cord
ing
to l
ates
t fi
gure
s, t
he
aid
prog
ram
ha
s al
-re
ady
spen
t 10
0 m
illio
n do
llars
or
mor
e.•
Isra
el's
Eco
nom
ic E
xplo
itatio
n of
Eth
iopi
aIs
rael
's
econ
omic
exp
loit
atio
n of
E
thio
pia
has
been
in
vest
igat
ed
in a
n ar
ticl
e en
titl
ed «
Isra
el a
ndE
thio
pia)
), pu
blis
hed
in
the
Fall-
1972
iss
ue o
f «R
e-si
stan
ce i
n th
e M
iddl
e E
ast»
. T
he
arti
cle
said
:T
hrou
gh
the
year
s,
Isra
el's
eco
nom
ic t
ies
wit
hE
thio
pia
have
st
eadi
ly
expa
nded
, w
ith
the
resu
lt
38
that
, by
now
, Eth
iopi
a is
one
of
Afr
ica'
s la
rges
t pu
r-ch
aser
s of
Isr
aeli
goo
ds.
As
earl
y as
195
2, I
srae
li
inve
stor
s pa
rtic
ipat
edin
est
abli
shin
g th
e IN
CO
DE
mea
t pa
ckin
g pl
ant
inoc
cupi
ed E
ritr
ea.
In
1970
, Isr
ael's
exp
orts
to
Eth
io-
pia
tota
lled
4.3
mill
ion
doll
ars,
wit
h el
ectr
onic
goo
dsan
d te
xtil
es
prov
idin
g ne
arly
hal
f of
thi
s am
ount
.Si
nce
1966
, Isr
aeli
exp
orts
to
Eth
iopi
a ha
ve d
oubl
ed,
refl
ecti
ng I
srae
l's
incr
ease
d de
velo
pmen
t of
its
Red
Sea
tra
de
rout
e.In
re
turn
, E
thio
pia'
s ex
port
s to
Is
rael
w
ere
2 m
illio
n do
llar
s in
197
0, c
onsi
stin
g m
ainl
y of
agr
i-cu
ltur
al
item
s. T
he I
srae
li E
cono
mis
t (F
eb.
Mar
ch,
1972
) de
scri
bed
the
situ
atio
n as
fol
low
s:
«Isr
ael
impo
rts
250
mil
lion
do
llar
s w
orth
of
grai
ns a
yea
r, m
ostly
whe
at.
It w
ould
lik
e E
thio
pia
to b
e ab
le
to
supp
ly 1
0 pe
rcen
t of
th
at
in
a fe
wye
ars.
.. th
e m
oney
sav
ed o
n th
e pr
ice
and
the
dif-
fere
nce
in
frei
ght
cost
s m
ake
the
expe
rim
ents
on
grai
n st
rain
s w
orth
whi
le.)
)
39
As
the
Isra
eli
Eco
nom
ist
poin
ts o
ut,
«tra
de f
igur
esdo
not
com
e an
ywhe
re n
ear
show
ing
the
who
le p
ic-
ture
.»
Ano
ther
as
pect
of
Is
rael
i pe
netr
atio
n of
Eth
iopi
a is
in
vest
men
t. Is
rael
's st
anda
rd
prac
tice,
as i
n ot
her
Afr
ican
na
tion
s, h
as b
een
to s
eek
pro-
fita
ble
«joi
nt v
entu
res,
)) i
n w
hich
Afr
ican
s or
the
irgo
vern
men
ts n
omin
ally
re
tain
a
port
ion
of
owne
r-sh
ip.
For
exam
ple,
Aba
dir
Cot
ton,
a r
anch
cov
erin
gm
ore
than
500
0 ac
res,
is
back
ed
by p
riva
te
capi
tal
from
Is
rael
and
cap
ital
fro
m
the
Eth
iopi
an r
egim
e.A
re
cent
ly-s
igne
d co
ntra
ct w
ill
perm
it th
e Is
rael
ifi
rm K
oor
to m
anag
e th
e ra
nch
for
anot
her
five
year
s. Isra
el's
bus
ines
s ro
le i
n E
thio
pia
has
deve
lope
din
co
njun
ctio
n w
ith
long
-est
ablis
hed
((te
chni
cal
as-
sist
ance
s sc
hem
es,
spon
sore
d by
the
Isr
aeli
Fore
ign
Min
istr
y. T
hese
pr
ogra
ms,
lab
elle
d «h
uman
itar
ian»
by I
srae
l, pr
esen
tly
incl
ude
urba
n pl
anni
ng
inA
ddis
Aba
ba,
effo
rts
to
incr
ease
th
e yi
eld
of E
ri-
trea
n fi
sher
ies,
an
d m
anag
emen
t of
th
e Sc
ienc
esFa
cult
y at
Hai
le S
elas
sie
Uni
vers
ity.
Mor
eove
r, th
e E
thio
pian
Geo
logi
cal
Inst
itut
e in
the
Min
istr
y of
Min
es
is
enti
rely
m
anne
d by
Is-
rael
is.
Thi
s te
am o
f vi
sitin
g sp
ecia
lists
has
re
cent
lym
appe
d 10
0,00
0 sq
uare
ki
lom
eter
s in
the
Tig
re r
e-gi
on
(bor
deri
ng E
ritr
ea)
by
use
of
aeri
al
phot
o-gr
aphs
. In
thi
s w
ay,
Isra
el
is
gain
ing
firs
t-ha
ndkn
owle
dge
of E
thio
pia'
s po
tent
iall
y ex
ploi
tabl
e na
-tu
ral
reso
urce
s. U
se o
f m
aps
for
coun
teri
nsur
genc
yis
als
o po
stul
ated
.
40
poli
tica
l an
d ec
onom
ic m
easu
res
agai
nst
her
((in
di-
vidu
ally
or
col
lect
ivel
y.))
A s
tron
g w
orde
d re
solu
tion
pass
ed a
t th
e su
m-
mit
's f
inal
wor
king
ses
sion
, fe
ll sh
ort,
how
ever
, of
mee
ting
A
rab
dem
ands
th
at
all
mem
bers
sh
ould
seve
r, or
at
le
ast
tem
pora
rily
su
spen
d, d
iplo
mat
icre
lati
ons
with
Isr
ael.
The
res
olut
ion
said
Isr
ael's
att
itud
e «m
ight
lea
dO
AU
mem
ber
stat
es t
o ta
ke a
t th
e A
fric
an l
evel
,in
divi
dual
ly o
r co
llec
tive
ly,
poli
tica
l an
d ec
onom
icm
easu
res
agai
nst
it.»
The
res
olut
ion
refe
rred
to
«the
dan
ger
eman
a-ti
ng f
rom
the
det
erio
rati
on o
f th
e si
tuat
ion
in t
heno
rth-
east
of
Afr
ica
as a
res
ult
of
the
cont
inue
dag
gres
sion
pe
rpet
rate
d ag
ains
t th
e te
rrit
ory
ofE
gypt
an
d ot
her
Ara
b co
untr
ies
- a
dang
er
whi
chth
reat
ens
the
secu
rity
, te
rrit
oria
l in
tegr
ity
and
unity
of
our
con
tinen
t.))
It d
ecla
red:
«Is
rael
not
onl
y pe
rsis
ts i
n re
fusi
ngto
im
plem
ent
(U.N
. an
d O
AU
) re
solu
tions
but
als
oco
ntin
ues
to p
ract
ise
a po
licy
with
a
view
to
crea
-ti
ng i
n th
e sa
id t
erri
tori
es a
sta
te o
f «f
ait
acco
mpl
i))ai
med
at
serv
ing
its e
xpan
sion
ist
desi
gns.
))
The
re
solu
tion
dep
lore
d Is
rael
's
«sys
tem
atic
obst
ruct
ion»
of
al
l pe
acem
akin
g ef
fort
s,
and
her
nega
tive
atti
tude
to
the
mis
sion
of
10 A
fric
an h
eads
of s
tate
who
att
empt
ed
to
find
a
solu
tion
to
the
cris
is.
70
It a
lso
note
d w
ith
sati
sfac
tion
th
at
the
Ara
bR
epub
lic o
f E
gypt
has
sp
ared
no
effo
rt to
rea
ch a
just
and
dur
able
sol
utio
n of
the
pro
blem
.
H In
tran
sige
nce
Of
Isra
elis
The
re
solu
tion
said
th
at
it w
as
the
mas
sive
mil
itar
y, e
cono
mic
and
oth
er
aid,
as
w
ell
as
the
polit
ical
an
d m
oral
sup
port
gr
ante
d to
Is
rael
by
cert
ain
pow
ers
whi
ch e
nabl
ed
it to
pur
sue
its a
g-gr
essi
on a
nd
enco
urag
e it
to c
omm
it ac
ts o
f te
rro-
rism
, es
peci
ally
the
trag
ic a
ct o
f sh
ooti
ng d
own
tne
Lib
yan
civi
lian
ai
rcra
ft
whi
ch
resu
lted
in
th
elo
ss o
f in
noce
nt l
ives
.
It
said
it
was
th
e in
tran
sige
nce
of I
srae
l an
dits
sys
tem
atic
re
fusa
l to
abi
de
by
the
will
of
the
inte
rnat
iona
l co
mm
unit
y,
(whi
ch)
cons
titu
tes
ath
reat
to
the
secu
rity
of
the
cont
inen
t.T
he A
fric
an l
eade
rs a
gree
d, t
here
fore
, to
st
rong
lyco
ndem
n th
e ne
gati
ve a
ttit
ude
of I
srae
l, its
act
s of
terr
orri
sm,
and
its o
bstr
ucti
on o
f al
l ef
fort
s ai
med
at a
jus
t an
d eq
uita
ble
solu
tion
of t
he p
robl
em
inac
cord
ance
wit
h th
e Se
curi
ty C
ounc
il re
solu
tion
242
of N
ov.
22,
1967
.T
hey
calle
d ag
ain
for
Isra
el's
unco
ndit
iona
l wit
h-dr
awal
fro
m
all
occu
pied
«A
fric
an
and
Ara
b te
rri-
tori
es»
and
decl
ared
th
at
all
chan
ges
effe
cted
by
Isra
el
in t
he o
ccup
ied
terr
itor
ies
wer
e nu
ll an
dvo
id.
• P
ales
tini
an
Rig
hts
Supp
orte
d
The
hea
ds
of s
tate
ple
dged
the
mse
lves
«n
ot t
o 71
reco
gniz
e an
y ch
ange
s le
adin
g to
a
fait
acco
mpl
ior
li
kely
to
jeop
ardi
ze
the
terr
itor
ial
inte
grit
y of
the
Isra
eli
aggr
essi
on.
»T
hey
also
re
cogn
ized
th
at
the
resp
ect
of
the
inal
iena
ble
righ
ts o
f th
e pe
ople
of
Pal
esti
ne
is a
nes
sent
ial
elem
ent
in
any
just
an
d eq
uita
ble
solu
-ti
on,
besi
des
bein
g an
in
disp
ensa
ble
fact
or f
or
the
esta
blis
hmen
t of
per
man
ent
peac
e in
the
reg
ion.
The
S
umm
it
«dra
ws
the
atte
ntio
n of
Isr
ael
toth
e da
nger
th
reat
enin
g th
e se
curi
ty
and
unit
y of
the
Afr
ican
co
ntin
ent
as
a re
sult
of
its
con
tinu
edag
gres
sion
an
d re
fusa
l to
ev
acua
te
the
terr
itor
ies
of t
he s
tate
vic
tim
s of
tha
t ag
gres
sion
, an
d de
clar
esth
at t
he a
ttit
ude
of I
srae
l m
ight
lea
d O
AU
mem
ber
stat
es t
o ta
ke a
t th
e A
fric
an l
evel
, in
divi
dual
ly
orco
llec
tive
ly,
poli
tica
l an
d ec
onom
ic m
easu
res
agai
nst
it,
in
conf
orm
ity
wit
h th
e pr
inci
ples
co
ntai
ned
inth
e O
AU
and
U.N
. ch
arte
rs.»
• B
ig P
ower
s U
rged
Not
To
Enc
oura
ge
Isra
elT
he l
eade
rs c
alle
d on
the
big
pow
ers
givi
ng I
s-ra
el m
ilit
ary,
mor
al a
nd p
olit
ical
sup
port
to
refr
ain
from
doi
ng s
o, a
nd d
esig
nate
d th
e fo
reig
n m
inis
ters
of
Nig
eria
, C
had,
Tan
zani
a, G
uine
a an
d A
lger
ia
tobe
sp
okes
men
of
th
e O
AU
on
the
mat
ter
of
the
U.N
. S
ecur
ity
Cou
ncil
toge
ther
w
ith
othe
r A
fric
anco
unci
l m
embe
rs.
The
y en
trus
ted
Gen
. Y
akub
u G
owon
, th
e N
ige-
rian
le
ader
w
ho i
s th
e cu
rren
t O
AU
cha
irm
an,
inth
e U
.N.
Gen
eral
Ass
embl
y.T
he r
esol
utio
n w
as p
asse
d by
acc
lam
atio
n, w
ith
Mal
awi
abst
aini
ng.
•
72
WH
AT
AE
E
TH
EY
C
EL
EB
RA
TIN
G
?
May
19
73
mar
ked
the
25th
an
nive
rsar
y of
the
esta
blis
hmen
t of
Is
rael
. Z
ioni
sts
and
thei
r su
ppor
ters
cele
brat
ed t
he
even
t w
ith
com
plet
e di
sreg
ard
of
the
grea
tin
just
ice
whi
ch
the
crea
tion
of I
srae
l ha
s im
pose
d o
n th
eP
ales
tini
an
peop
le.
The
occ
asio
n,
how
ever
, ev
oked
pr
otes
tsfr
om v
ario
us q
uart
ers
in a
ll pa
rts
of t
he w
orld
, no
t ex
clu-
ding
an
ti-Z
ioni
st
Jew
ish
circ
les
and
Is
rael
i pr
ogre
ssiv
esan
d lib
eral
s.
On
May
11,
the
Lon
don
Tim
es c
arri
ed
a re
port
rem
indi
ng t
he w
orld
of
the
grea
t in
just
ice
to w
hich
the
Pal
esti
nian
A
rabs
hav
e be
en s
ubje
cted
. A
mon
got
her
thin
gs,
the
repo
rt
said
:
((T
wen
ty-f
ive
year
s ag
o, o
n M
ay 1
5th,
19
48,
the
Sta
te o
f Is
rael
was
est
abli
shed
in
Pal
esti
ne.
Whi
le 73
the
Zio
nist
s cl
aim
th
at
they
ha
ve
esta
blis
hed
am
oder
n an
d de
moc
rati
c st
ate,
the
st
ory
whi
ch t
hePa
lest
inia
ns t
ell
from
exp
erie
nce
is a
tal
e of
exi
le,
of
the
loss
of
thei
r ho
mes
and
the
ir l
and,
the
con
-ti
nued
re
fusa
l of
the
fo
reig
n se
ttle
rs t
o al
low
the
indi
geno
us
Pale
stin
ians
to
re
turn
, of
to
rtur
e,
ofbr
utal
ity,
and
th
e fa
ilur
e of
the
w
orld
to
resp
ond
to t
his
inju
stic
e.
«Mrs
. M
eir,
the
Isra
eli
Pri
me
Min
iste
r, h
asst
ated
on
a vi
sit
to B
rita
in
that
th
e P
ales
tini
anpe
ople
did
not
exi
st. S
he h
as t
old
the
Isra
eli P
arli
a-m
ent
that
th
ere
is n
o qu
esti
on
of
thei
r be
ing
allo
wed
to
retu
rn t
o th
eir
land
.«A
s th
e Is
rael
is c
eleb
rate
the
cre
atio
n of
Isr
ael
twen
ty-f
ive
year
s ag
o, th
e P
ales
tini
ans
have
not
hing
to c
omm
emor
ate.
The
y ex
ist
in r
efug
ee
cam
ps a
ndca
rry
out
a na
tion
al s
trug
gle
in t
he h
ope
that
one
day
they
wil
l re
turn
to
thei
r ho
mel
and.
«May
15t
h is
kno
wn
as P
ales
tine
Day
-a d
ay f
orth
e w
orld
to
rem
embe
r th
e in
just
ice
whi
ch I
srae
l'scr
eatio
n ha
s im
pose
d on
th
e Pa
lest
inia
n pe
ople
.A
gain
st
the
back
grou
nd
of
this
in
just
ice,
an
dm
iser
y, w
hat
is I
srae
l ac
tual
ly c
eleb
ratin
g?))
The
st
atem
ent
issu
ed b
y th
e «O
rgan
izat
ion
ofth
e S
olid
arit
y of
th
e Pe
ople
s of
Afr
ica,
A
sia
and
Lat
in A
mer
ica
- O
SPA
AL,
)) o
n th
e oc
casi
on o
f th
eel
apse
of
25 y
ears
sin
ce t
he c
reat
ion
of I
srae
l, m
ade
spec
ial
refe
renc
e to
th
e Is
rael
i cr
ime
com
mitt
edon
Apr
il 10
, 197
3 in
whi
ch t
hree
Pal
esti
nian
lea
ders
wer
e fo
ully
m
urde
red
by
Zio
nist
te
rror
ists
in
Bei
rut.
The
OSP
AA
L s
tate
men
t sa
id:
74
«Thi
fs
crim
inal
ag
gres
sion
w
hich
vi
olat
es
the
mos
t ba
sic
prin
cipl
es
of
inte
rnat
iona
l so
vere
ignt
y,re
veal
s th
e an
ti-A
rab,
exp
ansi
onis
t po
licy
of a
ggre
s-si
on
purs
ued
by
Isra
el
and
Zio
nism
fo
r do
zens
of
year
s as
wel
l as
the
gen
ocid
al
Isra
eli-
U.S
. al
lianc
e.O
SPA
AL
cal
ls o
n al
l it
s m
embe
r or
gani
zati
ons
and
all
the
prog
ress
ive
forc
es
and
gove
rnm
ents
to
con-
dem
n th
e cr
imin
al I
srae
li vi
olat
ion
s an
d a
ggre
ssio
nsan
d to
gi
ve
solid
arit
y an
d su
ppor
t to
th
e P
ales
-ti
nian
fr
eedo
m
figh
ters
an
d to
th
e A
rab
peop
le.
The
peo
ples
of
Afr
ica,
A
sia
and
L
atin
A
mer
ica
stan
d
dete
rmin
ed
to
stre
ngth
en
thei
r st
rugg
le
inth
e fa
ce o
f th
e ne
w c
hal
len
ge p
osed
by
Zio
nism
and
wor
ld
impe
rial
ism
.))
On
May
14
the
«Ind
ian
You
th C
ongr
ess»
is
sued
a m
essa
ge
expr
essi
ng
«ful
l so
lida
rity
w
ith
the
peop
le
of
Pal
esti
ne
in
thei
r ju
st
stru
ggle
fo
r th
eli
bera
ting
of
th
eir
hom
elan
d P
ales
tine
, no
w
unde
r 75
the
ille
gal
Zio
nist
occ
upat
ion
aide
d by
the
Im
peri
a-li
st
pow
ers.
.» T
he
mes
sage
ad
ded:
«The
15
th
of
May
, 19
48,
wil
l be
re
mem
bere
das
the
da
rkes
t da
y in
the
hi
stor
y of
the
w
orld
on
whi
ch t
he I
mpe
rial
ist
pow
ers
succ
eede
d in
pla
ntin
ga
Zio
nist
sta
te
in
Pal
esti
ne,
thus
co
mpl
etel
y ig
no-
ring
the
pr
omis
es g
iven
to
the
Pal
esti
nian
s by
th
em
anda
tory
po
wer
an
d th
e ri
ght
of s
elf-
dete
rmin
a-ti
on p
rom
ised
to
them
und
er a
rtic
le 2
2 of
the
Cha
r-te
r of
the
L
eagu
e of
Nat
ions
)).
On
the
sam
e da
y «T
he
All
Ind
ia
You
th
Fed
e-ra
tion
» is
sued
a s
tate
men
t w
hich
sa
id:
«On
May
15,
the
day
of I
nter
nati
onal
S
olid
arit
yw
ith
the
Peo
ple
of
Pal
esti
ne,
all
the
figh
ters
of
Pal
esti
ne
pled
ge
to
inte
nsif
y th
eir
stru
ggle
to
achi
eve
thei
r ch
eris
hed
goal
of
th
e cr
eati
on
of
apr
ogre
ssiv
e P
ales
tine
, w
here
al
l th
e le
giti
mat
e ci
-ti
zens
of
th
at
land
, ir
resp
ecti
ve
of
thei
r re
ligi
on,
wil
l ge
t de
moc
rati
c ri
ghts
, ju
stic
e an
d eq
uali
ty.
«The
All
Ind
ia
You
th F
eder
atio
n co
ndem
ns
the
barb
arou
s at
tack
s of
Is
rael
i ag
gres
sors
on
P
ales
-ti
nian
gu
eril
las
and
dem
ands
th
e im
med
iate
w
ith-
draw
al o
f Is
rael
i ag
gres
sors
fro
m t
he o
ccup
ied
Ara
bla
nds.
The
A
ll I
ndia
Y
outh
F
eder
atio
n al
so
de-
man
ds
the
rele
ase
of P
ales
tini
an
patr
iots
who
ar
ear
rest
ed i
n Is
rael
and
the
res
tora
tion
of
dem
ocra
tic
righ
ts
to
all
the
peop
le
of
Zio
nist
-occ
upie
d P
ales
-ti
ne.» B
ut
the
mos
t te
llin
g co
ndem
nati
on
of
Zio
nist
76
rule
in
Z
ioni
st-o
ccup
ied
Pal
esti
ne
has
com
e fr
oman
ti-Z
ioni
st
Jew
s.
An
Isra
eli
Jew
D
an V
ered
ha
ssa
id: «I
srae
l ha
s re
cent
ly
cele
brat
ed
its
25th
an
nive
r-sa
ry o
f In
depe
nden
ce.
But
I
ask:
Ind
epen
denc
e fo
rw
hom
and
lib
erat
ion
for
who
m?
For
mor
e th
an o
nem
illi
on
Ara
bs
in
Isra
el
and
the
terr
itor
ies,
it
ha
sce
rtai
nly
been
no
ho
lida
y an
d no
in
depe
nden
ce.)
)
A
grou
p of
an
ti-Z
ioni
st
Jew
s w
hich
in
clud
edA
lan
Adl
er,
Mic
k A
shle
y,
Elm
er B
erge
r an
d U
rieh
Dav
is i
ssue
d a
stat
emen
t on
th
e oc
casi
on
of
the
25th
ann
iver
sary
of
the
est
abli
shm
ent
of t
he Z
ioni
stst
ate,
in
whi
ch
they
sai
d:
«Wit
h th
e ap
proa
ch
of t
he
25th
an
nive
rsar
y of
the
esta
blis
hmen
t of
th
e S
tate
of
Is
rael
an
d th
edi
spos
sess
ion
of
the
Pal
esti
nian
s,
we,
as
Je
ws
re-
ject
an
d co
ndem
n Z
ioni
st
raci
alis
m,
whi
ch
has
caus
ed,
amon
g ot
her
viol
atio
ns
of
Hum
an
righ
ts,
the
expu
lsio
n of
th
e m
ajor
ity
of
the
Pal
esti
nian
peop
le
from
th
eir
coun
try.
W
e al
so
cond
emn
the
Zio
nist
pe
rsec
utio
n of
the
P
ales
tini
ans
who
re
mai
-ne
d in
the
ir
hom
elan
d.))
Aga
inst
th
e ba
ckgr
ound
of
th
e un
iver
sall
y-ac
know
ledg
ed
inju
stic
e an
d m
iser
y im
pose
d on
the
Pal
esti
nian
s, w
e as
k w
ith
the
wri
ters
of
the
Lon
don
Tim
es
repo
rt,
«Wha
t is
Is
rael
ac
tual
ly
cele
bra-
ting?
))
•
77
Ar
The
sub
ject
of
the
book
rev
iew
ed b
elow
is
the
fall
ofA
rab
Jeru
sale
m t
o th
e in
vadi
ng I
srae
lis
in J
une
1967
. T
here
view
er i
s Jo
hn K
. C
oole
y, M
iddl
e E
ast
corr
espo
nden
t of
The
C
hris
tian
Sc
ienc
e M
onit
or.
• A
bdul
lah
Schl
eife
r. T
he
Fal
l of
Jer
usal
em. N
ewY
ork:
M
onth
ly R
evie
w P
ress
, 19
72.
247
pp.,
$7.5
0ha
rdco
ver;
j3.
50,
pape
rbac
k.
We
are
over
six
yea
rs d
ista
nt f
rom
the
Six
Day
War
, bu
t ju
st a
s th
e w
ar's
cons
eque
nces
sti
ll tr
oubl
eth
e w
orld
, so
do
the
basi
c po
litic
al,
soci
al a
nd e
co-
nom
ic f
law
s th
at
help
ed
brin
g it
on s
till
rend
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t. T
he
war
's ce
ntra
l an
d fu
ndam
enta
lis
sues
, th
e fu
ture
of
the
Pal
esti
nian
s an
d th
e fu
ture
78
of
Isra
el,
rem
ain
unre
solv
ed.
It
is g
ood
at
last
to
have
an
acco
unt
of t
hat
war
fro
m a
Wes
tern
-tra
ined
wri
ter
and
jour
nali
st, w
ho s
ees
this
ang
uish
ed
epi-
sode
of
his
tory
no
t as
a W
este
rn
outs
ider
, bu
t as
one
who
liv
ed t
hrou
gh i
t.
The
au
ther
w
rite
s fr
om
a ra
ther
un
ique
pe
r-sp
ectiv
e.
Schl
eife
r w
as
born
in
th
e U
nite
d St
ates
of J
ewis
h pa
rent
s. I
n hi
s yo
uth
he e
dite
d K
ulch
ur,
79
an a
vant
-gar
de
lite
rary
and
soc
ial
quar
terl
y,
whi
leC
uba,
the
Alg
eria
n re
volu
tion
and
the
ris
e of
bla
ckna
tion
alis
m i
n th
e U
nite
d S
tate
s w
ere
som
e of
the
mil
epos
ts o
f hi
s ca
reer
as
a j
ourn
alis
t. In
19
64 h
ere
turn
ed
to N
ew Y
ork
afte
r liv
ing
in M
oroc
co a
ndw
as c
onve
rted
to
Isla
m
at a
Bro
okly
n m
osqu
e. H
isne
xt
dest
inat
ion
was
Jer
usal
em,
whe
re h
e w
atch
edth
e ap
proa
ch,
the
acti
on a
nd f
inal
ly t
he
afte
rmat
hof
the
thi
rd A
rab-
Isra
eli
war
in
1967
. Sin
ce t
hen
heha
s be
en o
ne o
f th
e fo
reig
n co
rres
pond
ents
rep
ort-
ing
and
inte
rpre
ting
M
iddl
e E
ast
even
ts
from
Bei
rut,
for
Jeun
e A
friq
ue a
nd a
s a
free
lan
ce w
rite
r.A
nyon
e w
ith
this
bac
kgro
und
wou
ld b
e bo
und
to h
ave
a vi
ewpo
int
of t
he P
ales
tine
st
rugg
le
that
is a
t le
ast
unus
ual
for
a W
este
rner
of
Jew
ish
orig
in.
Per
haps
th
is v
iew
poin
t is
one
of
the
re
ason
s w
hyon
ly a
Mar
xist
hou
se w
ould
pub
lish
his
boo
k, w
hich
is w
ell-
rese
arch
ed
and
docu
men
ted,
as
w
ell
asw
ritt
en w
ith
visi
on,
styl
e an
d gr
ace.
Pub
lica
tion
of
an
earl
y ab
ridg
ed
Ara
bic
vers
ion
by
Al-
Nah
ar
inB
eiru
t le
d to
the
ba
nnin
g bo
th o
f th
e bo
ok a
nd o
fit
s au
thor
in
Jord
an.
Per
haps
thi
s is
not
sur
pris
ing,
as h
e in
dict
s th
e tr
adit
iona
l A
rab
elit
es,
espe
cial
lyth
e Jo
rdan
ian,
fo
r le
adin
g an
ill
-pre
pare
d A
rab
wor
ld
into
a d
isas
trou
s co
nfro
ntat
ion
wit
h Is
rael
.T
his
indi
ctm
ent
is n
o le
ss
sear
chin
g th
an
his
dis-
cuss
ion
of Z
ioni
sm.
The
bo
ok
mov
es
on
seve
ral
plan
es
of s
ymbo
-lis
m i
n w
hich
Sch
leif
er,
inte
rpre
ting
A
rab
thou
ght
and
way
s as
a c
omm
itte
d ra
dica
l, co
mm
unic
ates
to
us t
he s
piri
tual
and
mor
al c
atas
trop
he w
hich
ove
r-
80
took
th
e A
rab
wor
ld
in
1967
as
a ca
tast
roph
e in
whi
ch J
erus
alem
was
the
met
aphy
sica
l as
wel
l as
the
geog
raph
ical
ce
ntre
. A
se
nse
of r
ever
ence
fo
rJe
rusa
lem
its
elf
is f
elt
from
the
sta
rt.
The
City
—as
the
sim
ple
titl
e of
Sch
leif
er's
fir
st c
hapt
er
read
s—is
an
expr
essi
on o
f un
iver
sali
ty
as
wel
l as
re
ales
tate
: in
a w
ay,
that
lar
ger
polis
whi
ch C
onst
an-
tinop
le
was
to
all
Gre
eks,
an
d A
lexa
ndri
a w
as t
oth
e po
et C
avaf
y an
d hi
s ad
mir
er,
Law
renc
e D
urre
ll.
At
the
sam
e ti
me,
its
tra
diti
onal
cha
ract
er r
einf
or-
ces
its
anci
ent
iden
tity
as
the
fo
cus
of
vene
rati
onfo
r th
ree
reli
gion
s.
Whi
le a
ckno
wle
dgin
g th
e pa
s-si
onat
e in
volv
emen
t of
th
e Je
ws
wit
h Je
rusa
lem
,Sc
hlei
fer
find
s th
at
«am
id
the
bibl
ical
fam
ilia
rity
of
Ara
b w
ays»
th
e «W
este
rn,
the
Zio
nist
sen
se o
f«R
etur
n»
is u
nbea
rabl
y ab
stra
ct.)
)
The
cou
rse
wov
en b
y di
ffer
ent
cult
ural
and
his
-to
rica
l fo
rces
in
the
poli
tica
l st
rugg
le
for
Pale
stin
eoc
cupi
es
the
auth
or's
att
enti
on
thro
ugho
ut.
His
tor-
rica
lly
he
follo
ws
the
Zio
nist
mov
emen
t's v
ario
usth
read
s an
d te
nden
cies
thr
ough
th
e m
aze
of Z
ioni
stco
ngre
sses
in
Eur
ope,
its
dr
ift
into
ter
rori
sm,
and
its
tran
siti
on,
in
the
1940
's,
from
a
Bri
tish
to
an
Am
eric
an a
llian
ce.
Wha
t he
see
s as
the
«s
ymbi
otic
rela
tion
ship
))
betw
een
the
Zio
nist
m
ovem
ent
and
anti
-Sem
itis
m i
s di
sclo
sed
in t
he f
ailu
re o
f F
rank
lin
Del
ano
Roo
seve
lt an
d hi
s re
pres
enta
tive
, M
orri
sE
rnst
, in
try
ing
to
find
a
way
, ag
ains
t ob
dura
teZ
ioni
st o
ppos
itio
n, t
o ab
sorb
all
disp
lace
d Je
ws
into
Am
eric
an a
nd
ot(h
er W
este
rn
soci
etie
s.In
th
e fi
nal
anal
ysis
, Z
ioni
sm
for
Schl
eife
r is 81
a m
ovem
ent
of s
ettl
er
colo
nial
ism
, ak
in t
o th
at o
fSo
uth
Afr
ica,
and
dep
ende
nt
upon
Wes
tern
ai
d an
dpo
wer
for
its
sur
viva
l; ye
t hi
s ac
coun
t of
its
act
i-vi
ties
and
links
with
the
US
is n
ot a
cru
de o
ne.
Ina
revi
sion
ist
anal
ysis
of
the
hist
ory
lead
ing
up t
oth
e Ju
ne W
ar,
he r
ejec
ts t
he N
asse
rist
the
sis,
lat
erco
rrec
ted
by
Nas
ser
him
self
, of
di
rect
U
Si-I
srae
li«c
ollu
sion
» in
pre
para
tion
of
the
war
an
d th
e su
r-pr
ise
Isra
eli
air
stri
kes.
B
ut S
chle
ifer
do
es
see
acl
ear
long
-exi
stin
g Is
rael
i w
ar
plan
fo
r co
nque
stof
new
ter
rito
ry a
nd a
«so
met
imes
fum
blin
g, s
ome-
tim
es i
ntui
tive
mes
h of
tw
o al
lied
Est
ablis
hmen
ts))
—th
e U
S an
d th
e Is
rael
i— «
who
se u
pper
ech
elon
sen
gage
d at
lea
st i
n co
ntin
uous
co
ordi
natio
n, j
ocke
-yi
ng f
or t
heir
ow
n st
ate
inte
rest
s as
the
y sa
w t
hem
,w
ithi
n an
ov
eral
l ag
reed
-upo
n (a
nd
poss
ibly
ev
enun
spok
en)
cont
ext.»
Sc
hlei
fer
belie
ves
that
«p
er-
haps
onl
y th
e m
ost
surf
ace
aspe
cts
of t
hat
coor
di-
natio
n ar
e as
yet
on
reco
rd.»
He
sugg
ests
del
ving
furt
her
into
som
e «P
enta
gon
Pape
rs»
on t
he M
iddl
eE
ast
prep
ared
by
su
ch
man
dari
ns
of U
S po
licy-
mak
ing
as
Juli
us
Hol
mes
, M
cGeo
rge
Bun
dy,
and
thos
e w
ho o
pera
te i
n th
at t
ough
-min
ded
Cal
ifor
nia
«thi
nk-t
ank,
» th
e R
and
Cor
pora
tion.
On
the
othe
r si
de,
he
is h
ighl
y cr
itica
l of
th
efa
ilur
e of
Ara
b st
ates
to
back
the
ir v
erba
l su
ppor
tfo
r th
e di
spla
ces
Pale
stin
ian
Ara
bs w
ith
deed
s, a
t-tr
ibut
ing
this
in
larg
e m
easu
re
to «
an i
ndif
fere
nce
and
cyni
cism
bre
d by
the
cor
rupt
ion
of r
ulin
g el
ites,
coup
led
wit
h un
derv
elop
men
t, su
scep
tibili
ty
toW
este
rn
pres
sure
, an
d th
e di
ffic
ulty
of
sus
tain
ing
a?,
«Ara
b na
tion
» un
ity
(giv
en
the
bitt
er
clas
hes
ofle
adin
g pe
rson
aliti
es
and
riva
l pa
n-A
rab
ideo
lo-
gies
)...))
Eve
n in
Jer
usal
em,
just
bef
ore
the
war
, he
reca
lls,
«The
atm
osph
ere
was
mag
ical
. N
o on
e di
dan
ythi
ng b
ut s
tand
aro
und,
con
grat
ulat
e ea
ch o
ther
,an
d pr
aise
Gam
al A
bdul
Nas
ser.
Som
ehow
thi
s on
em
an,
by s
heer
wei
ght
of h
is a
udac
ity,
was
goi
ng t
oov
erw
helm
th
e en
emy
in a
n am
azin
g m
anne
r th
atco
uld
in n
o w
ay a
ffec
t th
e li
fe-s
tyle
or
acti
viti
es o
fth
e pe
ople
m
ost
inti
mat
ely
invo
lved
in
th
est
rugg
le.))
Sc
hlei
fer
foun
d th
e A
rab
civi
lian
popu
-la
tion
of
the
ci
ty
disa
rmed
, bo
th
phys
ical
ly
and
mor
ally
, ag
ains
t th
e ba
ckdr
op o
f «a
fes
tival
at
Aqa
ba t
wo
wee
ks e
arli
er
at
the
heig
ht
of
the
thre
ats
agai
nst
Syri
a, a
nd t
he k
ing
allo
wed
by
his
advi
sers
to
spen
d th
e da
y at
the
res
ort
revi
ewin
gw
ater
sk
iers
an
d be
auty
qu
eens
.»
Follo
win
g th
edi
sast
er,
ther
e ar
e fr
ank
desc
ript
ions
of
va
ryin
gty
pes
of r
eact
ion
to o
ccup
atio
n, p
erso
nifi
ed b
y th
eco
llab
orat
or,
the
one
who
adj
usts
to
seek
eco
nom
icsu
rviv
al,
and
the
rare
r m
an
or w
oman
who
cho
sere
sist
ance
at
the
co
st o
f a
brok
en
care
er,
loss
of
aho
me
or l
ivel
ihoo
d, o
r lif
e its
elf.
A
high
ligh
t of
the
bo
ok
is t
he
desc
ript
ion
ofth
e w
ar
itsel
f, pr
eced
ed
by
a m
uch
need
ed
sum
-m
ary
of t
he p
roce
ss l
eadi
ng u
p to
war
whi
ch b
ring
sto
li
ght
som
e of
ten
obsc
ured
con
side
rati
ons.
The
auth
or p
oint
s ou
t ho
w s
chol
ars
and
new
smen
sy
m-
path
etic
to
Isra
el h
ave
pass
ed
over
the
fa
ct—
born
eou
t by
his
cit
atio
n of
the
M
ay
12,
1967
bri
efin
g of
the
Isra
eli
mil
itar
y in
tell
igen
ce
chie
f, G
ener
al
Aha
ron
Yaa
riv,
in
whi
ch Y
aari
v sa
id h
e pe
rson
ally
advo
cate
d a
maj
or m
ilita
ry
oper
atio
n ag
ains
t Sy
riaan
d by
oth
er,
new
er e
vide
nce—
that
som
e, a
t le
ast,
of
the
Isra
eli
Est
ablis
hmen
t tr
uly
envi
sion
ed
ast
rike
ag
ains
t S
yria
. T
here
fore
thi
s w
as a
ppar
entl
yon
e, a
s T
heod
ore
Dra
per
and
man
y of
the
fas
hio-
nabl
e hi
stor
ians
se
emed
so
sur
e,
sim
ply
a «p
aper
tiger
» dr
eam
ed u
p by
Sov
iet
inte
llige
nce.
The
re i
sal
so c
lose
att
enti
on t
o th
e st
ill
uncl
arif
ied
exch
ange
sbe
twee
n R
alph
B
unch
e,
Gen
eral
Rik
ye,
the
UN
EF
com
man
der,
U T
hant
and
the
Egy
ptia
n go
vern
men
t.o
n th
e w
ithd
raw
al o
f th
e U
N f
orce
s fr
om G
aza
and
Sina
i in
May
196
7.
In t
he a
ccou
nt o
f th
e ba
ttle
for
Jeru
sale
m,
ther
ear
e no
abs
olut
e he
roes
or
to
tal
vill
ains
am
ong
Schl
eife
r's A
rab
pers
onae
. H
owev
er,
the
May
or,
Rou
hi a
l-K
hati
b an
d su
ch m
en a
s B
ahja
t A
bu G
ar-
biye
h, o
ne o
f th
e re
sist
ance
lea
ders
, em
erge
loo
king
muc
h be
tter
than
, sa
y, B
riga
dier
G
ener
al
Ata
Ali,
who
co
mm
ande
d th
e pa
thet
ical
ly
mea
ger
and
unde
r-ar
med
ga
rris
on o
f on
e br
igad
e (d
espi
te
his
belie
f on
Jun
e 5
that
fou
r m
ore
Jord
ania
n br
igad
esw
ould
so
on a
ppea
r to
def
end
the
city
aga
inst
th
eon
slau
ght
of t
he I
srae
li pa
ratr
oops
and
arm
our)
, or
the
PLO
lea
der,
Ahm
ed S
huqa
iry.
Sc
hlei
fer
sin-
gles
ou
t va
lian
t ac
tion
s by
som
e of
the
Jo
rdan
ian
defe
nder
s w
hich
he
says
he
saw
, as
wel
l as
le
ssva
lian
t on
es b
y so
me
of t
hose
in
auth
orit
y.
Schl
eife
r w
itnes
sed
inst
ance
s of
bru
tali
ty
and
loot
ing
as w
ell
as o
f hu
man
e be
havi
our
by t
he v
ic-
84
tori
ous
Isra
eli,
who
are
no
t fa
cele
ss
acto
rs i
n th
isbo
ok d
espi
te
his
view
of
the
dram
a fr
om
the
Ara
bsi
de.
Schl
eife
r ch
arge
s th
at t
he r
emov
al o
f so
me
ofth
e D
ead
Sea
scro
lls f
rom
th
e Pa
lest
ine
Arc
haeo
lo-
gica
l M
useu
m,
espe
cial
ly
the
case
of
the
so-c
alle
d«T
empl
e Sc
roll»
ta
ken
by I
srae
lis
from
th
e B
eth-
lehe
m r
esid
ence
of
Kan
do,
the
Ara
b an
tiqu
itie
sde
aler
, w
ere
«sim
ple
thef
t ac
cord
ing
to i
nter
nati
o-na
l la
w.»
He
luci
dly
repo
rts
on t
he
non-
retu
rn o
fth
e 19
67 W
est
Ban
k re
fuge
es
(onl
y 14
,027
ou
t of
160,
000
who
app
lied
retu
rned
) an
d th
e re
ason
s fo
rth
is.
He
pass
es
on t
he
acco
unts
of
the
occu
patio
nby
suc
h co
ncer
ned
Isra
elis
as
th
e no
velis
t A
mos
Ken
an,
and
the
begi
nnin
gs
of
resi
stan
ce
in
the
Wes
t B
ank,
qui
ckly
snu
ffed
out
, an
d in
Gaz
a, w
here
it pe
rsis
ts d
espi
te
the
grow
ing
affl
uenc
e of
ov
er60
,000
Gaz
a an
d W
est
Ban
k A
rabs
who
dai
ly c
om-
mut
e to
lab
ouri
ng j
obs
in I
srae
l. W
e ar
e to
ld,
too,
how
he
was
war
ned
by a
Jew
ish
busi
ness
man
fro
mN
ew Y
ork
that
he
, Sc
hlei
fer,
w
ould
be
ex
pelle
dfr
om
Jeru
sale
m b
y th
e Is
rael
is
if
he
trie
d «o
nem
ore
tric
k»
like
re
port
ing,
as
he
did,
th
e Is
rael
ide
stru
ctio
n of
the
Bab
al-
Mag
hara
ba q
uart
er t
o th
eA
mer
ican
Con
sula
te (
whi
ch h
ad i
n tu
rn f
iled
a re
-po
rt
to
Was
hing
ton
whi
ch
cons
ider
ably
em
barr
as-
sed
Isra
el).
The
bo
ok a
s a
who
le c
onta
ins
impo
rtan
t or
i-gi
nal
mat
eria
l on
the
ris
e of
the
res
ista
nce
and
the
role
of
the
pre-
1968
Pal
esti
ne L
iber
atio
n Fr
ont
and
its r
elat
ions
hip
to t
he A
rab
Nat
iona
lists
' M
ovem
ent,
the
PLO
, al
-Fat
eh a
nd
Syr
ia.
•
85
The
Bol
ogna
App
eal
and
The
EU
RA
BIA
C
omm
ittee
Let
ter
Dur
ing
the
past
few
mon
ths
ther
e ha
s be
en a
gro
win
gre
cogn
itio
n in
E
urop
e an
d th
e w
orld
at
larg
e of
the
fa
ctth
at
Isra
el's
ex
pans
ioni
st a
mbi
tion
s an
d U
.S.
supp
ort
for
Isra
el's
ref
usal
to
acc
ept
«the
ina
dmis
sibi
lity
of
the
acqu
i-si
tion
of
terr
itor
y by
w
ar
- in
de
fian
ce
of
repe
ated
U
.K.
reso
lutio
ns))
ar
e th
e m
ain
obst
acle
s to
the
ac
hiev
emen
t of
peac
e in
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t.T
his
reco
gniti
on i
s ev
iden
t in
the
app
eal
by t
he I
nter
-na
tion
al
Con
fere
nce
for
Pea
ce a
nd
Just
ice
in
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t w
hich
was
hel
d in
B
olog
na
(Ita
ly)
from
M
ay 1
1 to
13, 1
973.
It
is a
lso
evid
ent
in t
he «
Ope
n L
ette
r fr
om E
urop
eto
P
resi
dent
N
ixon
» pu
blis
hed
May
14
, 19
73
by
the
EU
RA
BIA
co
mm
itte
e.
The
le
tter
, w
hich
w
as
sign
ed
byth
irty
E
urop
ean
lead
ers
and
inte
llec
tual
s,
calls
up
on P
re-
side
nt
Nix
on
«to
undo
the
de
adlo
ck
and
open
the
w
ay t
ope
ace»
by
decl
arin
g hi
s in
tent
ion
«to
put
an e
nd t
o A
me-
rica
n di
scri
min
atio
n in
fa
vour
of
Is
rael
in
th
e pr
ovis
ion
of
fina
ncia
l an
d m
ilit
ary
aid.
»B
elow
is
the
full
text
s of
th
e «A
ppea
l»
and
the
«Let
ter»
.
8687
(1)
H T
ext
of t
he
App
eal
The
In
tern
atio
nal
Con
fere
nce
for
Pea
ce
and
Just
ice
in t
he
Mid
dle
Eas
t w
as
held
in
B
olog
na(I
taly
) fr
om M
ay 1
1 to
13,
197
3.It
bro
ught
tog
ethe
r th
e re
pres
enta
tive
s of
int
er-
nati
onal
an
d re
gion
al
orga
niza
tion
s an
d re
pres
en-
tati
ve
dele
gati
ons
from
co
untr
ies
of
Eur
ope,
A
sia,
Am
eric
a, A
fric
a,
and
Ara
b co
untr
ies
and
Isra
el,
re-
flec
ting
dif
fere
nt v
iew
poin
ts b
ut u
nite
d in
the
des
ire
to f
ind
the
mea
ns
of
ensu
ring
a j
ust
and
last
ing
peac
e in
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t.Si
nce
the
June
19
67 w
ar,
the
situ
atio
n in
thi
sre
gion
has
con
tinu
ed
to
dete
rior
ate.
T
he
Isra
eli
gove
rnm
ent
cont
inue
s, a
fter
si
x ye
ars,
to
oc
cupy
Ara
b te
rrit
orie
s w
ith
its
arm
ed
forc
es.
It
is g
oing
ahea
d w
ith
the
colo
niza
tion
of
thes
e te
rrit
orie
s an
dre
doub
ling
its
mea
sure
s to
eff
ect
dem
ogra
phic
an
d*te
rrit
oria
l ch
ange
s. I
t co
ntin
ues
to
defy
th
e de
ci-
sion
s ad
opte
d by
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
. It
st
rive
s, a
sdo
th
e A
rab
reac
tion
ary
forc
es,
to d
estr
oy b
y al
lm
eans
th
e na
tion
al
exis
tenc
e of
th
e P
ales
tini
anpe
ople
and
to
wea
ken
the
nati
onal
and
soc
ial
libe-
rati
on m
ovem
ent
of t
he
Ara
b pe
ople
s.In
und
erw
riti
ng t
his
poli
cy,
espe
cial
ly b
y pr
ovi-
ding
fi
nanc
ial
and
mil
itar
y su
ppor
t, th
e go
vern
-m
ent
of t
he U
nite
d St
ates
be
ars
a m
ajor
re
spon
si-
bili
ty
for
the
pres
ent
situ
atio
n.
Thi
s si
tuat
ion
thre
aten
s pe
ace
in t
he
Mid
dle
Eas
t, in
the
Med
iter
rane
an
and
in t
he w
orld
.
88
Thi
s co
nfer
ence
ur
gent
ly a
ppea
ls t
o th
e pe
ople
sof
al
l co
untr
ies
forc
eful
ly
to e
xpre
ss t
heir
de
term
i-na
tion
to
achi
eve
a po
liti
cal
solu
tion
to
the
conf
lict
in t
he M
iddl
e E
ast
thro
ugh
the
com
plet
e im
plem
en-
tati
on o
f th
e U
.N r
esol
utio
ns o
f N
ovem
ber
22 1
967
and
Nov
embe
r 4,
197
0, w
hich
en
tail
, fi
rst
of
all
wit
hdra
wal
by
th
e S
tate
of
Is
rael
of
its
ar
med
forc
es
from
al
l th
e A
rab
terr
itor
ies
occu
pied
sin
ceJu
ne
1967
and
re
cogn
itio
n of
the
le
giti
mat
e ri
ghts
of
the
Ara
b pe
ople
of
Pal
esti
ne,
and
of t
heir
rig
htto
sel
f-de
term
inat
ion;
toge
ther
wit
h th
e ri
ght
of a
llth
e pe
ople
s an
d al
l th
e st
ates
of
the
Mid
dle
Eas
tto
ex
iste
nce,
in
depe
nden
ce,
sove
reig
nty
and
secu
-ri
ty. T
he
Con
fere
nce
also
ad
dres
ses
this
ap
peal
to
the
parl
iam
ents
and
go
vern
men
ts o
f al
l co
untr
ies
in v
iew
of
thei
r re
spon
sibi
liti
es
for
the
achi
eve-
men
t of
a j
ust
peac
e in
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t.T
he
wor
ld
long
s fo
r a
last
ing
peac
e, b
ased
on
the
prin
cipl
es o
f th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns a
nd t
he r
ight
of
the
peop
les
to d
ecid
e th
eir
own
dest
iny.
(2
)
• T
ext
of
the
EU
RA
BIA
Com
mit
tee
Let
ter
14 M
ay 1
973
Dea
r M
r. P
resi
dent
,
We
are
wri
ting
to
you
beca
use
you
hold
the
key
to p
eace
in
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t. W
e be
liev
e yo
u sh
ould
use
it —
for
the
sake
of
us
all
in t
he
wor
ld t
oday
Fir
st
and
fore
mos
t, fo
r th
e pe
ople
s of
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t —
the
Is
rael
is,
the
Pal
esti
nian
s an
d th
e A
rabs
(1)
H T
ext
of t
he
App
eal
The
In
tern
atio
nal
Con
fere
nce
for
Pea
ce
and
Just
ice
in t
he
Mid
dle
Eas
t w
as
held
in
B
olog
na(I
taly
) fr
om
May
11
to
13, 1
973.
It b
roug
ht t
oget
her
the
repr
esen
tati
ves
of i
nter
-na
tion
al
and
regi
onal
or
gani
zati
ons
and
repr
esen
-ta
tive
de
lega
tion
s fr
om
coun
trie
s of
E
urop
e,
Asi
a.A
mer
ica,
Afr
ica,
an
d A
rab
coun
trie
s an
d Is
rael
, re
-fl
ecti
ng d
iffe
rent
vie
wpo
ints
but
uni
ted
in t
he d
esir
eto
fin
d th
e m
eans
of
en
suri
ng a
jus
t an
d la
stin
gpe
ace
in t
he
Mid
dle
Eas
t.Si
nce
the
Jun
e 19
67 w
ar,
the
situ
atio
n in
thi
sre
gion
has
con
tinu
ed
to
dete
rior
ate.
T
he
Isra
eli
gove
rnm
ent
cont
inue
s, a
fter
si
x ye
ars,
to
oc
cupy
Ara
b te
rrit
orie
s w
ith
its
arm
ed
forc
es.
It
is g
oing
ahea
d w
ith
the
colo
niza
tion
of
thes
e te
rrit
orie
s an
dre
doub
ling
its
mea
sure
s to
eff
ect
dem
ogra
phic
an
dte
rrit
oria
l ch
ange
s. I
t co
ntin
ues
to
defy
th
e de
ci-
sion
s ad
opte
d by
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
. It
st
rive
s,
asdo
th
e A
rab
reac
tion
ary
forc
es,
to
dest
roy
by
all
mea
ns
the
nati
onal
ex
iste
nce
of
the
Pal
esti
nian
peop
le a
nd t
o w
eake
n th
e na
tion
al a
nd s
ocia
l lib
e-ra
tion
mov
emen
t of
the
A
rab
peop
les.
In u
nder
wri
ting
thi
s po
licy
, es
peci
ally
by
prov
i-di
ng
fina
ncia
l an
d m
ilit
ary
supp
ort,
the
gove
rn-
men
t of
the
U
nite
d S
tate
s be
ars
a m
ajor
res
pons
i-bi
lity
fo
r th
e pr
esen
t si
tuat
ion.
Thi
s si
tuat
ion
thre
aten
s pe
ace
in t
he
Mid
dle
Eas
t, in
the
Med
iter
rane
an
and
in t
he w
orld
.
Thi
s co
nfer
ence
ur
gent
ly a
ppea
ls t
o th
e pe
ople
sof
al
l co
untr
ies
forc
eful
ly
to e
xpre
ss t
heir
det
erm
i-na
tion
to
achi
eve
a po
liti
cal
solu
tion
to
the
conf
lict
in t
he M
iddl
e E
ast
thro
ugh
the
com
plet
e im
plem
en-
tati
on o
f th
e U
.N r
esol
utio
ns o
f N
ovem
ber
22, 1
967,
and
Nov
embe
r 4,
197
0, w
hich
en
tail
, fi
rst
of
all,
wit
hdra
wal
by
th
e S
tate
of
Is
rael
of
it
s ar
med
forc
es
from
al
l th
e A
rab
terr
itor
ies
occu
pied
sin
ceJu
ne
1967
and
re
cogn
itio
n of
the
le
giti
mat
e ri
ghts
of
the
Ara
b pe
ople
of
Pal
esti
ne,
and
of t
heir
ri
ght
to s
elf-
dete
rmin
atio
n; t
oget
her
wit
h th
e ri
ght
of a
llth
e pe
ople
s an
d al
l th
e st
ates
of
the
M
iddl
e E
ast
to
exis
tenc
e, i
ndep
ende
nce,
sov
erei
gnty
an
d se
cu-
rity
. The
C
onfe
renc
e al
so
addr
esse
s th
is
appe
al
toth
e p
arli
amen
ts a
nd
gove
rnm
ents
of
al
l co
untr
ies,
in v
iew
of
thei
r re
spon
sibi
liti
es
for
the
achi
eve-
men
t of
a j
ust
peac
e in
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t.T
he
wor
ld
long
s fo
r a
last
ing
peac
e, b
ased
on
the
prin
cipl
es o
f th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns a
nd
the
righ
tof
the
pe
ople
s to
dec
ide
thei
r ow
n de
stin
y.
(2
)
• T
ext
of t
he
EU
RA
BIA
Com
mitt
ee
Let
ter
14 M
ay 1
973
Dea
r M
r. P
resi
dent
,
We
are
wri
ting
to
you
beca
use
you
hold
the
key
to p
eace
in
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t. W
e be
liev
e yo
u sh
ould
use
it —
for
the
sake
of
us
all
in
the
wor
ld t
oday
.F
irst
an
d fo
rem
ost,
for
the
peop
les
of t
he
Mid
dle
Eas
t —
the
Isr
aeli
s, t
he P
ales
tini
ans
and
the
Ara
bs
of
Jord
an,
Egy
pt,
Syri
a an
d L
eban
on —
who
ha
vebe
en l
ivin
g un
der
the
curs
e of
war
fo
r tw
enty
fiv
eye
ars.
But
als
o fo
r E
urop
e,
Asi
a an
d th
e T
hird
Wor
ld.
And
no
t le
ast
for
the
peop
le o
f yo
ur
own
coun
try,
Mr.
Pres
iden
t — s
o fa
r re
mov
ed
from
th
eM
iddl
e E
ast
conf
lict
but
now
so
dang
erou
sly
vuln
e-ra
ble
to i
ts e
ffec
ts
on t
heir
dai
ly l
ives
.A
s tim
e pa
sses
an
d th
e m
enac
ing
dead
lock
in
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t pe
rsis
ts,
it be
com
es m
ore
and
mor
ecl
ear
that
th
e m
ain
obst
acle
to
peac
e is
now
th
ere
fusa
l of
Isr
ael's
ru
lers
to
ac
cept
th
e in
adm
issi
-bi
lity
of
th
e ac
quis
itio
n of
te
rrit
ory
by
war
— i
nde
fian
ce o
f th
e w
hole
of
the
rest
of
the
wor
ld
and
of r
epea
ted
U.N
. re
solu
tion
s.
The
re c
an b
e no
hop
e of
las
ting
peac
e or
eve
nof
an
y m
eani
ngfu
l ne
goti
atio
n fo
r pe
ace
so
long
as t
he e
xpan
sion
ist
ambi
tion
s of
Isr
ael's
lea
ders
ar
eno
t cu
rbed
. O
nly
the
Uni
ted
Sta
tes
has
the
pow
erto
do
that
. O
nly
you
can
brin
g ho
me
to
Isra
el's
rule
rs t
hat
it is
mor
e in
the
ir i
nter
est
to m
ake
peac
eth
an t
o pe
rsis
t in
ret
aini
ng l
and
whi
ch i
s no
t th
eirs
and
whi
ch
was
sei
zed
from
th
eir
neig
hbou
rs
byfo
rce
of
arm
s.W
e ur
ge y
ou,
Mr.
Pre
side
nt,
to u
se t
he
pow
erth
at
lies
in y
our
hand
s. T
his
is n
o ag
onis
ing
deci
-si
on o
f th
e ki
nd y
ou h
ad
to t
ake
in V
ietn
am.
All
that
it
requ
ires
is
tha
t yo
u sh
ould
de
clar
e yo
urin
tent
ion
to p
ut a
n en
d to
Am
eric
an d
iscr
imin
atio
nin
fav
our
of I
srae
l in
the
pro
visi
on
of f
inan
cial
and
mil
itar
y ai
d.N
o A
mer
ican
liv
es
are
at
stak
e. Y
ou w
ill b
e
90
enda
nger
ing
no v
ital
Am
eric
an i
nter
ests
— o
n th
eco
ntra
ry,
you
will
be
pro
tect
ing
the
real
in
tere
sts
of t
he U
.S.
in t
he M
iddl
e E
ast.
The
onl
y di
sagr
eea-
ble
cons
eque
nce
wil
l be
tha
t yo
u w
ill h
ave
to f
ace
viol
ent
prot
ests
fro
m
Isra
el a
nd f
rom
Z
ioni
st p
res-
sure
gr
oups
in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es
who
put
Is
rael
'sin
tere
sts
abov
e th
ose
of t
heir
ow
n co
untr
y. I
s th
isto
o hi
gh a
pri
ce t
o pa
y fo
r pe
ace
in
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t? For
too
long
A
mer
ica'
s st
andi
ng
and
cred
ibi-
lity
in
the
wor
ld a
t la
rge
have
suf
fere
d be
caus
e of
the
subo
rdin
atio
n of
Am
eric
an p
olic
y in
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t to
Isr
aeli
inte
rest
s. I
n pl
ain
term
s,
it is
Am
e-ri
can
supp
ort
whi
ch e
nabl
es t
he p
rese
nt
lead
ers
ofIs
raeL
in
def
ianc
e of
wor
ld
opin
ion,
to
anne
x an
den
circ
le A
rab
Jeru
sale
m,
to
plan
t Is
rael
i se
ttle-
men
ts
on l
and
seiz
ed f
rom
th
e A
rabs
, to
pr
olon
gth
e m
iser
y of
th
e Pa
lest
inia
n re
fuge
es —
and
, by
thes
e ac
ts,
to m
ake
it ce
rtai
n th
at
ther
e w
ill
befu
rthe
r co
nflic
t in
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t.B
efor
e lo
ng
the
pres
sure
of
se
lf-i
nter
est
wil
lco
mpe
l th
e U
nite
d St
ates
to
re
-thi
nk
its
poli
cyth
ere.
How
muc
h be
tter
it
wou
ld
be
for
you
tom
ake
the
chan
ge n
ow o
n yo
ur
own
init
iati
ve
and
in
the
inte
rest
s of
ju
stic
e,
inte
rnat
iona
l m
oral
ity
and
wor
ld
peac
e —
rath
er
than
to
w
ait
unti
l yo
uar
e fo
rced
gru
dgin
gly
to d
o so
by
the
pres
sure
of
even
ts.
Let
us
mak
e th
is
clea
r: w
e ar
e no
t ur
ging
the
dest
ruct
ion
or
disa
ppea
ranc
e of
Is
rael
. W
hate
ver
one
may
fee
l ab
out
the
way
in
whi
ch I
srae
l ca
me 91
into
bei
ng a
nd a
bout
the
inj
usti
ce t
hen
infl
icte
d on
the
Pale
stin
ians
Is
rael
is
tod
ay a
fac
t. E
gypt
an
dJo
rdan
ha
ve
both
pu
blic
ly
stat
ed
that
th
ey
now
acce
pt t
he p
rese
nce
of
Isra
el,
prov
ided
it
is a
nIs
rael
con
fine
d be
hind
sec
ure
and
reco
gnis
ed b
oun-
dari
es.
But
w
hat
they
do
not
acce
pt i
s an
exp
an-
sion
ist
Isra
el b
ent
on r
etai
ning
pe
rman
ently
A
rab
terr
itor
y,
incl
udin
g A
rab
Jeru
sale
m,
acqu
ired
by
war
in
196
7.
Tod
ay
is t
he
twen
ty f
ifth
ann
iver
sary
of
th
efo
undi
ng
of t
he
Stat
e of
Isr
ael.
If t
he e
xpan
sion
ist
ambi
tion
s of
Isr
ael's
pr
esen
t ru
lers
ca
n be
cu
rbed
,th
e pe
ople
of
Isra
el
may
re
ason
ably
loo
k fo
rwar
d"to
a s
tabl
e an
d se
cure
fut
ure.
But
if
thos
e am
bitio
nsar
e no
t cu
rbed
and
Isr
ael
cont
inue
s to
thr
eate
n an
daf
fron
t ih
f -/
row
ing
pow
er o
f th
e A
rab
Wor
ld,
who
can
say
w aa
t th
e ou
tcom
e w
ill
be
or
how
m
any
mor
e an
nive
rsar
ies
Isra
el w
ill s
urvi
ve t
o ce
lebr
ate?
Tru
e fr
iend
ship
fo
r Is
rael
li
es
not
in
supp
orti
ngIs
rael
's l
eade
rs i
n th
eir
arro
gant
exp
ansi
onis
m b
utin
re
quir
ing
from
th
em
conc
iliat
ion
and
cons
ider
a-ti
on f
or t
he r
ight
s of
oth
ers.
We
repe
at:
the
key
to p
eace
is
in y
our
hand
s,M
r. Pr
esid
ent.
Use
it.
Und
o th
e de
adlo
ck a
nd o
pen
the
way
to
peac
e.
You
rs s
ince
rely
,
Pro
fess
or
Lel
io B
asso
,
Sena
tor
and
Pre
side
nt
of
the
Ital
o-A
rab
Cha
mbe
r of
Com
mer
ce;
Rom
e.C
ol.
Sir
T
ufto
n B
eam
ish,
M.C
., M
.P.
92
Hou
se o
f C
omm
ons,
Lon
don.
Sir
H
arol
d B
eele
y, K
.C.M
.G.,
C.B
.E.
form
er
Bri
tish
A
mba
ssad
or
to
Egy
pt;
Lon
don.
Pro
fess
or
Reg
is B
lach
ere,
Mem
bre
de 1
'Ins
titut
, P
aris
.T
he
Rev
. P
rofe
ssor
Jo
hn
E.
Chi
shol
m
Css
p.,
Uni
vers
ity
Col
lege
; D
ublin
.M
ajor
D
erek
C
oope
r, M
.C.,
O.B
.E.
Co.
D
oneg
al,
Irel
and.
Han
s E
llen
berg
er,
Schw
eize
risc
h-A
rabi
sche
G
esel
lsch
aft;
B
ern.
John
K
. F
eene
y,E
dito
r,
the
Cat
holic
St
anda
rd,
Dub
lin.
Sir
G
eoff
rey
Fur
long
er,
K.B
.E.,
C.M
.G.
form
er
Bri
tish
A
mba
ssad
or
to
Jord
an;
Lon
don.
The
R
ev.
Cec
il du
H
eaum
e,D
ublin
.T
he
Rev
. D
r.
Hei
nric
h H
ells
tern
.Z
uric
h.G
en.
Car
l vo
n H
orn.
form
er
Chi
ef
of
Staf
f of
U
.N.T
.S.O
., Sw
eden
,D
r.
John
de
C
ourc
y,W
rite
r,
the
Mar
itim
e In
stit
ute
of
Irel
and,
D
ublin
Col
in
Jack
son,
Lec
ture
r an
d br
oadc
aste
r,
Lon
don.
Alf
red
Jaco
b,
Deu
tsch
-Ara
bisc
he
Ges
ells
chaf
t,
Mun
ich.
Roy
Jo
hnst
on,
B.A
.. B
.Sc.
, P
h.D
.Sc
ient
ific
C
onsu
ltan
t, D
ublin
.M
iss
Ani
ta L
esli
e,A
utho
ress
, D
ublin
.
Pro
fess
or
Pie
rre
Mar
thel
ot,
Del
egue
ge
nera
l de
la
ci
te
Inte
rnat
iona
le
de 1
'Uni
vers
ite
de P
aris
.C
hris
toph
er
May
hew
, M
.P.
form
er
Min
iste
r of
Def
ence
(N
avy
), H
ouse
of
Com
mon
s,
Lon
don.
Pro
fess
or
Rog
er
McH
ugh,
P
h.D
.U
nive
rsit
y C
olle
ge,
Dub
lin.
Gen
eral
E
doua
rd
Jean
M
eric
,C
omm
andm
ant
de
la
Leg
ion
d'H
onne
ur,
Par
is.
Mis
s D
ervl
a M
urph
y,A
utho
ress
; L
ism
ore,
C
o.
Wat
erfo
rd,
Irel
and.
The
Rt.
Hon
. S
ir A
ntho
ny N
utti
ng,
Bt,
form
er
Min
iste
r of
St
ate
for
For
eign
A
ffai
rs;
auth
or;
Lon
don.
The
E
arl
of O
xfor
d an
d A
squi
th,
K.C
.M.G
.
Hou
se o
f L
ords
; L
ondo
n.S
ir
John
R
ichm
ond,
K
.C.M
.G.
form
er
Bri
tish
A
mba
ssad
or
to
Kuw
ait;
U
nive
rsit
y of
Dur
ham
.
Dr.
A
rnol
d T
oynb
ee,
C.H
.H
isto
rian
, L
ondo
n.R
ober
t V
ial,
Ass
ocia
tion
de
So
lidar
ite
Fra
nco-
Ara
be,
Par
is.
Den
nis
Wal
ters
, M
.B.E
... M
.P.
Hou
se o
f C
omm
ons,
Lon
don.
Dr.
M
oira
W
oods
,B
road
cast
er
and
wri
ter,
Dub
lin.
•
94
PA
LE
STIN
E
RE
SEA
RC
H
CE
NT
ER
(Est
ablis
hed
1965
)
D
Fir
st r
esea
rch
cent
er o
n th
e P
ales
tine
que
stio
n
in t
he M
iddl
e E
ast.
D
Col
lect
s an
d cl
assi
fies
al
l av
aila
ble
info
rmat
ion
on t
he P
ales
tine
que
stio
n fo
r us
e by
res
earc
hers
,
Q
Pub
lish
es m
onog
raph
s, c
hron
olog
ies,
ess
ays
and
book
s by
wel
l-kn
own
auth
ors.
D
Ove
r 20
0 ti
tles
in
th
ree
lang
uage
s: A
rabi
c -
Eng
lish
- F
renc
h.
For
list
of
publ
icat
ions
, ap
ply
to:
P.O
.B. 1
691
Bei
rut,
Leb
anon
.
RE
SIS
TA
NC
ES
UB
SC
RIP
TIO
N
CO
UPO
N
Enc
lose
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ease
fin
d ch
eque
fo
r
cove
ring
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year
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ubsc
ript
ion
to R
ES
IST
AN
CE
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iss
ues)
Nam
e .
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ress
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...
......
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Cou
ntry
...
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Mai
l to
:R
ES
IST
AN
CE
(P
.L.A
.)P.
O. B
ox 3
577
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ase
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}
