\.

I !

• ..

•

l

' •

••• cc .. .,.~ ... '- "'""I< wear H CWVOI'ttoi

' I

NEWVOAI>C •

{2~~~h~.~~ - ----~~ --~A...

. .... C-IM't'•A .. I'A .ht WC.T

HIWVQIItl(

\

..... CCHTitAt. "'""~ 'WCioT

NIWVOI'tM

' ----·-

~·' tl I. Roe '·• "' Olatnl Pan ..... ... toft ottF, Wn to*•

,NTRAI.~A·It WCa"T

"'CWVOJit I(

-- == --===~-

. 4WTIItA\. 11-A 'tK W CIT

N CWVO IIt loC

-

I ..

/ ·

~~qao. liM •

1 • .,., aat ,_ _.. ._ ClftF _.

at 1 ... 1 foe1• -.o• ••J -. U.U .._. -

pUca -Wial ....... 'ftC IF to - tllaa 1IMJ

dl4 to Jail. ft'l~ 111114 OCIIIft"-U&l~ I

WIN14 pat 1t tato .. "' , n ..u ot ,..,_

1u te....tletlt--1' 3.

•

444 C:CHTRAI. !lARK WC&T

NCWVORK

f

.... CCNTftAI. I'AIU( WCIT

NCW VO,_ toe

•

1 . ... C.C:HTit"'- PAitM WC'IT NCWVOA K

--

.. ...,._

F.SF;~

......... T., -··a. . _,.. __ _.,_ .. , ....

......... bll II Ill PC 14 to .. JIIU"'-1

.a..--., ........ ,.... IWDtto_,_-. _,._ .. ,

,.. ........ - ... to ...... -

r.u.r. - ' ... d ...... .,... .. 0

1

- tM POft&tO wlta _, Jt wU1 lile JWFrtw.l ..

• -.u II&• • -.1 • ass to ~

I • a '*I tllat ,_ an eUl1 ._....

t-. at1ua ud llope te pat 11 o.p 'IUl -....... ., 1.-. to .. t..u,-• .............

~·. 71 1 . . ........ - .. . ... O?atnl Jlutr .... ._Ton catr • .... le*.

\

..

-44" CI!NflfA\. M • loC WCAT

,.cw vo "~oe

-••• CCN TitA.L. .-A IUt 'NC&T

.. cwvo"IIC

G •AMIJCL lo. IIIIQalto~NAN

~~~•"c'

' " ' .

..IUaTI QC11 C: MAMe t:,.l NCW VO.-K COUNTY COUitT HOIJ•C

HEWVO "U~ .. tf.y,

•' ~"l""•m• <ll'aurt

of u, . ,ir!ltto "f .Neur!l.n-1<

.;ut nc.:

.JUaTI C~· CHAM it iJIItS foiCW YOIIIK COU ... TV COUIIIT !'tOU• c

N EW VOAII\, H . v •

j -~-~ ~~~ (}~ ~ ~ ..<-/ ~~~ e_ {/.......,PCAA ~.A ~7. •' ~ /~ -"'7 .tl-1.

[ 1/ ·-~ .'" /!/ , ~~~--:,z. . .. ·-~ L·rrh .A- "" 1 ~~ .• ....r

~~~ ,0 I ~C. A- f. /tuvJ- ~ tPIA-v.. bV\.A..)(_ I"""'-'

Ji--t, t d .u.~.:"' .• ! ~ ~ ..:.! 7t...

Vf~t.. 7ft,o t, -. .. /..A. .c.-A .

--.· ~ ) ·_ ~ f>sF; B AMUa:t. I . RonNMAN

~.VI} /J f l 80 CCNTU BT•n•

~lf' New YoRK, N . Y.

~

~~

..

•

-rl · ;I,.A.v

' '~ . ,_

SAMUEL t. Roe~:N-MAN

80 C&MTR. 6T--CCT

N'&w Yo-Rrt. N . Y.

I "'- '-t..-, £.._.(._, I ft..-~

t· ·~ ~ _,., ..... ~..(_

... PSP,· ~ . ... .. ,....._..-

.J U $TI CC'S CHA Ma & "a

WE W VOA~ C:OUHTV (;OUIIItT MOU•C NC.W YO,.K , N oV .

... , ~ "- ....... -·· "'~­~~ ~ ~-~ r~ ...., ._....~,._ ~ c~~~.

~~~.

f" <; f-": "·~ · '' ,, I • I 1

• .. .1. 1881 •

........ -Ill ants' n·• wta .. pnus •"

-..... 1 ............ 100- ...... --tlnt ~ ' ,... .. lata ....... w ... '*' t• .. I'Wbl.S.O ae;uc t Pu;aaa.•

.,.,._,.I._,.._.-.. a aEIIII *-k t• te,ooo ,... •· .... ·au wta aa ' ..., •~'=~ .... ...... ;::.: MII1'1Mn' .. ..... I~ I ... , .• ,... .... -... ... .. . ., .. , ... ~~~:.. ... ,.. ~-........... , ...... · IIWI lrr ... a h 1 i fJ# H.IOO, ... I .. .-l.Hinc ...... fw ll,ao, .. -~ ...... Sate ,.... .,..sal .. I Rd.. .

.._,.,..,_ ea,aot-~ _. plaoSIIC ta"' I!PeOW a11r.owt. ...... ~ ..... • .,. I , L ... -. 1at Oliltl a1 ...- .... . ... %Gik, •• % .•

(s.n'.ISWM)

1\ s .

--SA.MU&L l . Roe ENMAN

80 C&NTJtC S 'fR& I:T

New YOifiiK,N.Y.

.• ,

• •

- -------------------------------------------~~~-~---------------------------

TELEGRAM \- i_0 ~ Arlye ;lllptt %ruse

19 00' JM 12 114011111 ~~

II> Mise Msrguerite Le Rand:

New York, March 10, 1938.

\

/ , . ., I '

Hayes, ? Oan you get any word for me as to Professor Carleton

Samuel I. Rosenman. ..,__ \

•

--.

"- an I'SCilt. -r.o , ''wet do11•n

u - t~ ou opa fiel4 eel a lot Oil .a­O'WW -.~lad 18 ... too JlSP.

l Mp8 ,_ wlU - tile pla.oe Mll'tla

Oil 00.- ..,.... all4 a1110 look at tM ounc­~- l dD .,. Dow lt ... ~ le ,.

•al• .... u le • ~ l.ooi\Uoa.

a..,..-. ... ... ,.,....

/

•

,

oi\IU'!Ct

The President, White House, Washington, D. C.

Dear Yr. President:

.J U8~1 Cif. CHAJotecl'lt•

NEW VOJtK C:OUNTYCOURT HOVe ll NIE:W YORK , N ,V ,

October 28, 19J8,

I am enclosing a copy of a letter

which I received this morning froo Henry Hackett .

I think that Ur . Rohan is way out of Hne as t o his

price, not only of t he woodland but also of the open

land . Furt hermore, as you said the other day, there

is no necessity of buying all of his woodland, particu­

larly at that pri ce. t~ ~ (/<1\-V ~ ~ I am goi ng t o run up to see the place

north of Mrs . Backer as soon as I get a chance.

IVith kindest regards,

Very r yours ,

Enc .

• •

HENRY T. HACKETT Attorney & Counsellor at L.aw

226 Union Street Poughkeepsie New York

October 26th, 19)8.

Bon . Samuel I. Rosenman, 60 Centre Street New York City, NY.

,\ly dear Judge Rosenman:

Yr. Peter C. Rohan says that he will sell

the open land at $200. an acre'and all of the wood

land at the same price per acre, together wi th a right

of way in from Cream Street. This includes some or the wood land to the east which is owned by his father.

He insists that he will not sell part, but must sell

all of the wood land.

Ver y truly yours ,

(signed) Henry T. Hackett.

. . --' ,S'l-tp-ratn-t Ul'ou:d or u,. ~hd• of .N'e\lt!\'=lt

~, ••

.JU aTIC::E"8 C:HA M eK!ItS NCW YOIIIIM COUHTV(;OUIIII·T HOUeC

NltW YOIIII K , N . V,

.IU&TICC"S CHAM.KI'tS

NC:W VOAIIC COUNTVCOULI''T MOU8C

NEW VOIIIIK . N . V.

-tt""' "t4 ~c ~ r '-<- r rL ~. {~~ ~~ ..ll ~

--~· ;~ ~~r~ 1~ ---( H·- ...:.... 7- "'~~~ r--I' __ ,.,.__,

-~~ --a.. l Lc,..v;t. ~y.,-./J. t;-!L / ~­"1 /'"" ~- c.,_' ..,.<.... ~< . .~ ~ _,_

~ 1{...._ ~/_, • .t.J... ~~ .-CJ-o~ ,:,~L7 -:JC .,...e........,... .

•

••-4.C:IIfl'.AI. PA.AM WlaT

.-cwvofltM

~~~c.A /~ JJ ;~ ~~J~ ~ M..t-r ~ ~~.

~r ~c~-----: , i ~ ~ ..._,--c ~ ~ 1 ~, ~ ttAA ~~-"- _ ..... ~ (A-~(/ V\. ,., ;; -e~ r l e--./

"~'- I 1.; 'v.-1 I ........_ ~ • ~· ... .A.. t- ' v-~-.. " .( (;.. ~ - . I I

v ' t t • " ~,(}

. t t.v - .....t.

' . I /

~/, .

u~ ~'r~

~~~~~

/

/

- J._, . t)._~!

/~

. j4 n..-~ ~

G:7

~ ...A ~ /1--r&../ ~ ~..-6:';- 4

-

f · · I

0

~' 4;/tt_ ~ '

7~

•'

I · THE S.llTUI{D.Il.Y EVENING POST

Founded A"D' 1128 h.Y Benj. Franklin

,.. •• ~·""''*'•'• •• ., , . . ... , .......... ,. Jl#,. N •f • ll .,. , p,,,.., N il'lltf•,•fM ,, Raa•••. ,., ,, .• 11''"" co .. ""'·

5c. 'TH£ COPY

Ti ll•: ~tnvcrttQr ~nvc 11.-11

t•tntHY rl i~>l • nn hiil dt'.'ik " rl'llt lt '" Jnl.llli, )()llk(td

nl n1(' t•urfi i"JIIy and 'laid: "Mtke no rni o~!nlo;l' nl10m it. J dun'& "'nbw \'thy ansonu •·oukJ WlUSI 10 t.Jf:l t•N>Sld€'nt, • ·ilh thir!V In 1h~ thaiM" th(·) an- no• ••

Thu; w-aAJanuary, I!'Kf!..o\ All'latty, f bad StftwolcOO d'*l n_omark h) rt"fHW't'l~ 10 lhe f:O\ t"m()f''• flt\"'ldt•ntial •~n· did;w-y, flamiiiAntr 'lnth tb(! ("Unou• n:tin•nt'a nnrl P\'11.­"ion• of pohu,·utn• .hould btt\'" IH\'Il•N'd !Of! (fir the lln­"""l'f, Hut. ll\'t.'ll liiJ, I t'O\IIcl bordly M•illt 1\ Jrnilt.•. \\'hllt­u\'C'r UOOI(•v•:lt. thouj.!hl fir lltlld. ~·#t ic, romuw rmd tho 1mvt•l• u( Jiut l•'nrloy wc•ro v. t•rluun t•l nulku him 11H..' l••thhllit l'lt lllli•hUf',

Prt~flmwe dic•tnt.,.-.1 tuy r('to

1•1~·, It lllll)' t<'£-n' 1t tmn n­{Jift'tut in tyr•~. but h Y.'t'llildHl n•tort ,·ourlOOUJJ in the lan­JtlmC:t" of 1Kl1itirll r ll;&ld thtt.t I •liQUid htl dthl(hll'flto bt-IJl m nny • ay I roukl.

tftl\, mor I~'Y'It ooddOO. AJIJU'(W'Uit:ly.

,\nd ..o our tunt'ht•on l;alk n-..ol\·f'lltt~lt-momt'h1011sly for m<t.

h lu•d t-.. ... ·n a runou_,. Nm­\'4'n.Jihcm. that wundf'f"(od, 'Ahh "JII llll't'll! c•a<oUJtlrK'1'"" twm t h" enuuNiiutf" (1(..-·:~~on f1•r my ,i .. u, lh•' wurk of tho Commi!<-..~iuu on th('> ,\•1-l'nhnJOt rl\tlnu or .lu .. hC•(', of wlnc·h I wnli the 1:0' ernor'& rt• uklu~ mNnlwtr, tu the S:unud S1:ahury im·~·:.U~ll· liCl!l, tn tlw \','"' ' ftf ~lwrtff ' l'honuut J\l (' ' wond(•rrul till l •I)X " ) l•'ttrlt•y. ur TttfiUIItlltl ' i b ll, a nrl on ( (I nu­tlmwl l•t!lilh•~~o, Hti( )JOt.' \'&•11 h:ul bt'•~rl ~··mmlt•d. ltH.I t.lli· nit.•, t'~"<~t'(\'t'l l. It \\uuld, or <.'0\lrSe, have l1€'('U tltt• CWII"('.,I illll!tOI'fWt) ror tum to diSf'w;$ tJac J>tJli th•l!,l. uur•ll• ~~IIOllioi or ,, .. , Shl•ritr ~'Ml(•y c'l)St:", llm<'c hfT "'~~" l:llllt.l: 10 tal• I 111 n •tt' ""i·jnch(·utl C"n.)J:t.cily on the l~uto or t-'&ulo·>·'.,. rf'monl. Hut Ho'J'<e,·elt thd l"..'ly, rununn­IIH b. I hAl ~ht'nf'r ~'nth>~• -.;u :ln id"t IO ha• l~l!li. .. 1111111 hi" ••• ,.,ll•n•ln-4y r•ko:~"rtl "hh my •ana~ oiTt'f' ol ... ,.,., lfl"

Xothir~Jt mf)ff· had tub.. "3id llotll of u~ ri'Ahl.t'd ... hat a ,.-pot lhf> lnt'~Orah"" ~hury had !lt'"'.t..,..ted tor Hou:t•l'\f'l~ and •~t m-.itt ffl11'l<t' l'li•r, ~onll"t ~~

llur)' c•r~rr> hi" in\t'S.timt tiOll lo ( I 1•oiut wlu'H' lho i'i~UO of )1nror JamCJ .J . W~tlke.r'• rc.movnl wa4! flU I to lt(HlH'\'t•lt . On t..hc one .o~ifiO y;·p~ :H• Jalr(':\civ outrll~tcod vulilienl uuu-hitttT which would <'OIItrul wOl".t or~.~ ..... Vo1·k'*' tt iu•)ly·four \Oit:ll iu lh<~ ontio!)al 1'1) 1 1\'~n t inn . lJu lltll CllhCI •lllu w:~.>~ tltu rdurmcr, St:abury, 11\0!Il or thO :\1Wo' \'urk pri•!ilti!Jld '"f.:O•Od" ('il.izeii!I,IUl nnn,)' or thl'lll throu~hout th" 1w.tjon. wlto:s.o -t~u m:•or-1 I) IH'tf'li· tl. uHoli'llllditl l\t" v. 1m hi m ollt l\f'IIUT~dly need .. •\II thu~ IUld 1..-•ert Ulttl&•nltfMKL

I fOIIIrln'l ltr<lp l1ut h1• fii••:L!oc1lwith tbf' ••Y lhinp 1~-t~d I(Orlr••l rod"' back toXc.., Yool.. l...ookilllltOUIAt tlh• nH·rand th,. 1111~ thAt • ..,..,..... to llf't.'Oitlf' fOiamdaar Ill the n~--·· ahf'ad, r roukl ~nnit rny.l!(off. bil ot "IW'«'IIIation on -.hal mu::ht t··ome ol that '-'l!it to ,\lhan.y. h 1it"f'tnl'd to mo thai ROOf!tH•h had inti· tnatf"d. 111 a ••>' J-UIU!rly hi~ own. that hc- mi~tkl 1('1

$2.00 •• , ...... o.-•••• ( UU•-J N umber $2

giS cliP

t'ltt, 1110' l' itt from tlte outer rc-.u.dte$ of hi.11 eire!.-, pr~Uy 1•l o~o(+ \(1 (•f•nH•t. At sl.l).)' rlllf', l'ci prol,tthly ho <'aiiNI lu 011 lhCT F'nrl~y cn.fio. Tht:'ro'd bt.••t•u uu •:.xprt'"ll colu· mit l!lfoll l , IIIHUI'Illly. But thf•ll, my (.'a.rht:!!l l IU\."100111· 1\011'!1 wid1 Uoo~(•\'d l }10d lt'<l (l) t.• u(tt t() CXIJCCL thAt

I luul llr ... t mt.•t hun on l'lfl tlutumn d::w in 1 02~ v.hr11 I.0\1\t.+ l lowt•, v. i th d ltbOm1(! (liTiuwd•xlut~. twk '"" iut(l I)Nit(l(·tlltle he-n•.hlunrt4.<rs "jll!ll to ha' ,. )QU Ult'(+t 'Tttn no~,' " Hooseve-h. II lo;~. hllnc.l.romt" n~an ••th lh\' -hnuldf"rsor a wrC!Itlt!.r. "''A511lttlnlf "' b.~• tiMk t"rlrhiiK •nil lrUt·~. Hit' look~l ur•. "tuil\'d a.nd ttcrn ... ,,,t.wwd. to ntysurpnst>and to l...outc'a d~ •>·· that my H"·it ·~n't 01 oil Uut'·"tfW-tl<'d u,. .. ut~l to timphfy lhil'" admini<.tratum of ju.5tu.."fl 10 IIIP ~tal•'· lit~ wantnl toN.) '()ttWUiir~ •bout h 1n liil .-.n,paQ:n l.oot-' had SUf.."lt·~tf'd lh.l I 1n.,.l1t .. ,.h., .. out" ~"'"" idc.-a . .<t b~ .-ot.~kl U<lf'-1.-.rhafl'l diJ:

'Til• elinu•z ... ~tm•llr of ' "• ,..,.J, . ,.,.,..,,.. C"rcaxo CofiiHIUI•"· '"• mo""• "' •I•"" c A•• ,., , , ""-'"'• '~~''111•,.. CI• (U N c.Ad$0, " '•"'• wt~lfod ro IOIItoO<I.n c • ,..lito I M OH .,.,., d•l•¥•1• liffllo• - 1!\• 1 C•U(Of'fllf• ... , ltffl fAJt liOf' '"'f'!l•/•w' ••tot foltoo •o.,•H• '¥0J14.f I A•A (OII#UIIO J wlr.tl 110, /'Of''f't·~.-rz.

UJI .octl• \'h•ul .. xamplr. (J( t'U(• that had dnll!t:f'rtiM IU \h(l tOUrtJ.

I 'fti.U llli~sod. A mernor1mdunl from me •·u lr:UI,. fonncod illiO fl !<.JX-"\.'Ch IIUUl\1 IU tlw flf'(lnll: ., r~w dll)'l llt l<•r, .t\J>ptU'l'ntly ;\lr. Hoo~•;V('II wna plctuocd loo.

Bulllll'il. ht tlw tl(•:d llll'l"tl )'~ttl', It uuml,er (}( 11111 \t.­l::.r tWii(IHilNtt.li a nd two hig~4'r OO(-s: ll\~mbcn.hip ~n a <'Obllnhtte that dndt(.'() a ,,llln for A modf'l ;,tat"" paru)(O ;,yfiiC-tn,IUKi appointmt'fll 10 A f'OUUIIiSJ"ton It impt'O\'t' th.., adminij;tratiun (II ju•tit.~ in tl!e •t.atf'.

1hi~ la•t Jlrv,·ided tl1t' OJwuinJt for a d('mon~tn. tivn tlutl I 4'0Ukl be lnlsh'(l 10 luandlt! A:wkwnl\1 po h tiC'RI 1'oi111:11Um.$ "-lth 1i rtl\~<>fl lllll.i€' !l niUIIII I iJ !l(itJW, 'J'Iu•I'IJ wns. fo r in!llluw(l, tul .., n lhnrrnliSIII~ mj.,. uudC!J'Jift ll11illl{ ln) l W(•t •'l lh\' I(Q\'l•rnor 11nd the ltt•Jml,.. lh-:.11 lt·t~d..-r o( the Senn.l~ rfmf'l•fnfng lb<t orgnru"" tiou oflht'~mmi•"':on. I \\ll"' told tbego\·j!"rnor •a. drlu::htrd "'tb the hl&ti\"U\'~nrtk:l' .-hiorh ditlir-tf1! I haL t•UI' to that hf'. chdt,.t hMe to meet 1t. lwod-oa

In any t":'l~. hy th(' titut' 1h' 'd aJkf'd m.- to Vl"4t v. •llt ~um, in Janunry, 11):C'.!.1u~ll(<(.-tul<tll0 h'<--l thnl I <•(mltl IJC" ,,,..,.ful.

II W\111111 ),., j,IJo lo (Wt•l••U•t lim I I w u::n ' t \•X•'Ihd thnt uru•rnoon. :l~ lht• ll'llilt rlHllt•tl uu !(Wo'J\1'11 NC< .. \*ur~ iu lh4•Jttslhl·r-it'lgdatklu .. ~. :o\itu•,) ( '>ctol.~~·r. ~~~~. 1'41 ht•luwnl H(l();!f'\'rll • 'Otlld lltf' t>lt>t•tPd Prfl!4uh:ut If' J!lTl'.lhadJM)Jditi--alamlNI~ .. Hu$ldld"atlltA ,.._~ ou'l kMw mlmt:ati'Cy v.hal Wf'lll on~~ lh,. hi'al\ <1f puhliC'Ilo for politi~~ had ltt"t'r. th"' .d•.orl~UIJ lfto 11'1'1~1 or In)' lift'. fl htld d!ntult>tl my C'h<W'f' fJ •'HII I'JICI'I in I lie 1111\llll <.•OIIel(t' frum whif'tl I .~:rudut~httl. 'I'll•• III'XI )'l'llr, I !J0 7, it 1•••1 11111 lhrrmgh fl 11th'\'\'~"(ul I'JI 1'1111Jtll-(fl ror villa~c dl'rk lu my Ohio h)Wtl h III(IV('CIIIH• IO liW lnl"\'ltahh•110l Ud)' of law • um.h.'f 11!1!1 ntlta~. 1111. n16:h\ in rl••vtlluul: tu the df'<"~io11 to sr:uady antl lt"A.,h polita-. nftrr a t.•o H'~~nc:' ,-K-Ilt" 411 •1•u in ~•• \IM.~ and C 'olotado had •ummnni\ l•lll•t~ m)' Ill•• t.tndt..-:: to a IIOf'l••f rt'Htn1 10 1Vt11 1~'"'-"'*' ttll ltut~ M 11f :ttl Oluu 1••\\ n •-h,.'11 I 1'o'l1.11 r•M•• ltJ ('Utili ' hlwk E:tl'l.: h~ xmthml•\ <i lutly i n rw1itiNI al <'uh unhill l In tt h•u,.hlHK Jllh 1111 lllt' ~lnrk fl tllln/1. fo'm uul!l lit•ll in \\' ,";llh'rn J( l'lit't\'~ l ' niw•t:~ity: IQ lht• ollrt~•·tnr,.htl• n! .\ mt•ri•·a.,lwll•ln ~·I i ,-iti• ... und••r f lol\. (':rnur C 't)" •lurmg 1h~ 'll';\r: tn (nnr Yf'A'Ni :.s d•l'('l•tortol

a n."el>an!'h fmnJCiation in Ucngud, to a ~tum. IU ~e.w York :u:ad Cotumbia- thtrt lo build \II' • d~ f!Mi nlt ot of go\'tnlnl('lll in Ban1".rd t 'ollt.::o-the hnppiost job l 'vl) 0\'vr hnd; to lf'n Yt~,,.. of mtt naivc PI'Ofe!!Siounl invt!ld~~l\l ifl tl Of tho IUIU!l)' l'>illu!l O( <.'riminai·I.J~w ndmini•trnhon in Ohio. Mi':IIIOUri, rm .. noiJt, \'irJ.;.inill, Ptnn,yh•:utill, Californin nnd ~e.•• \'ork; to the "-rilinll {1/ thrft hookf and mauy llrlif"fes on IIMJ ~laUOI'i$hip of pohtft and ('ri:minal ju.t~. the J'I"'IM.nttion ol whkh 4'11rritd me to twenty 1'11l•te5•••d 10 C'an$da: ~tnd. nnaJiy, f4) a yaar " ith Jud~;u ScAluJryaud hi$ iuve~~1i~"1iuns.

In :t..U lltMo <li\•(•h ificd yea:rs I'd lwcn no rrof€..'8-IIIOual roronucr. I (l•lt dCOJ)ly lhl\1. lf ll<:h ~ rolu, lik(l thftt or thl'l III'Ofl'ttfiounl offir-.,holder. op(lmtc!l tl.li a finhtl4' iutl'llcdunl OJ\ittto 00 u.nyoctf! who waoll to uuden;tand "-hal 1IOiitk'1i i.A aOOul. \\'e nettlf'td tbo prof~ional rd'ormf't', )U$t u Dand ltoru.m'• d~ n ... ,-ded ON.&. Uut. I had a horror ur th~ humo~ tW~'"·' 11~ inh·nlnHI l'u>C1 1hc intolcrRn<'~ of most. N7 (onu crs. Be,.id••ll, it. IUtd ~ml-d (0 mo rt.fonu llf'f"flu't. \'(.llil\'1 throu,:rh h·fomh' .. 'Tif •llono. It c•ouhi l)(l. MJ:I\ IIh.•ltlly :1AA1W'iltl t•d with cJ1o.~ fiOI'IIII\ I prOC•••'IS Of r;olttlr,~_ Ot>Vt•mnw ut railt-d n!tly 11101\1 often throu~.;h agnomunt 1h11u throUgh 'in,

Tll J<: okltor I'd I,'TU'o\'U ch~,mo~ 1'd t"CUnft 10 h<'1itwa 1hn1 ('!fl'dh·•· j)()li 1i1·:~l <.' lmnge \WUI nr•lde\•ed l1y

IIIUtunl -um'IJ>riiiiWi llll~ lltl(! N)n)!oi'IH. I!Ut. hy l( (!rt\lli<.'irt• linn tuut ~rimlnn1i 1~n froJU wi thout. ;\t 1~ 1 1. I Wll.ll *"tirr\•>j.J by Bry11u-rornanttr-1,Jiy, ••tnt.llluw•lly. I W•'pt wbf•ll h(' \\:;:~ d~(('"l"d 1n 1800. llul. the jlulill reform~ ot lbe Jlr.u·&ir•l 'fom JohMOu. dunn!( hill nlnt )tan a'l! mayor ol (.._.\f•land IIU~ested thf' nnity ol lf'al'$. Johnson·,. lt'("hnj41U" waJI t'dut-.Liout lli11. ••omu"' "'1!1Jm'1 a bi>ruiMll'd num!'-le pl.-y wh""" JCO(Wt mru (fiUJthl \\-ilh l•z1d. lh• l)l.•li1.Wt"l1 that Jlf'OI'Ic•, cuh~bt­" '"'' '· wuultl An\'1! ll•••ntld'l\'fS. I IOII'W hun nnly nil n. l'lll•li1• il,a::nre. Hul lth lo:l~\'(' Ill.:-' irliN'('I'l iu politiNI 1•uiut ami il il"'"4'tlt111, II .,.. ... "from bim ruul rrH))l lli l4 hnUi~ml t)r(lt/.,1{~. ':'l"v.Hm &~4"~tklrr •hom I S:lt bn~fly u ala.-. lltud4!'nt In (,')et,t!l,l. thai llr••mn:l

I

IIUUIVIhlftl: til lbc C\'OhlliOtNif') imprm-ement. of pn­lJH~I nod et<Onom~ lltC'.

A• tbu 1how~hth':P$1!ncM nnft nlmlcl>i>nes!l or 111(.120'11 lwczulttl more omJ mon.• " IJJ)Ilft!nt. I'd ~Jl'OW II c·on• vinc~Jtll hniiiQtnil()lltt uwst b(l tnund who could do l)ll n 111\tillnul 11Cu.lc what ' l'ou1 Jolw!ion hnd done In t:tcv~l:..ntl. Uy .t:utu•ry. IU:J'l~ itse-tflt«<. to me tll.l\t the buoyam. likable man in Alb&tl.)" wa.s the- only bopP.

I ....... at my age. It() ku'll:tr a t"rt3ture or imJnlt .... Out. u l!i.a•' it. in tht' hourt nh« my 6m ~'lt ap. pf'ON"h to :m intimalf'I\Aik ._.,tb J(oqse\'(')t, au oppor• llluity WM t~-hout.. to oiTcr ft!O(l lr-nn opportunity 10 114hllfy my llt:!iiro ror Jt wider u.xpmif)n¢(1 iu J>Olitf, • lUtd, M tltn Mmi; t ime, tu IWifl, iu ~~ :srtmU wn.y ,in thv rCillitnlion or old and lime-lcitcd concepti ot t» htic:al evolution.

f waa on the en• ol a Vf'A\ ftd\'mlul1!. if I had tb(" • it to co throut"h with''· I roukllook (OJ"W'ald •·ith ~unty to alitelime ol bMnJ: t":alh.od m b~·1i!O\'emo..._ m~)·Orf. •J)(\("'al in\'OIIli.t:t•l\lf'f ~tnd t"it.h.ent' tommh· lt..l('! to ~<~lwl.,- the loc.•ttl •uhniul l!lmlilm (lr JU£1ioo. Or I ~'Oil Ill 1 hrow en:rythiiiU I htttl into tho I)UMI\Iil M my Jill • •rf~t iu tlw wl•l('r fl•·hJ nr poli tic! . . .-\n•l I Willi I~) I'"S!iiOntltely IO do I h\' IICC'ond.

1'ht-'t tllius;: b"~'pcnt..-d \'try lJUi('kly. In 111itl JO•tbruary. I ~ hfolrmc to d,.._h &he d•finitM'm 4)1 1d1(')' un thf' 'Lui! cl • b.M"h T()m 1-':ul('y •rM n .. mo'·~l In early ~la.ft'h, l•1wont .orne um• in Albany •or1dntt on " ~~h on judit"ittl reroml whieh thl'l #O\'••rnor clf.llvfl"ed .nl th.- ,N,,.,\ \'ork ( ' l1y Hu All1'4l­<'illliml <'II tho lwt'l(tl~. lly tho fi l'!l! v; C'('k in April. I wtuqtl work in AJh~111y llk.-.bl ina: Yo'i lh tho dtH•uuu•nl v.·bl(•b ••nm•1 W bt knu>4'1l till th" ~·ol'jtotten .)Inn !lllt'('<'h. and thf" first m4!4•1iu$tl' ol "'hat bter W.'Mt"AIIt'lt tbt- "bmin•tnu.&" had al1'811y taktn pi~. 0~·• thfose dat~. In f'&rly M&rt:h. my •JJbfl,.

of' ann•il\ at ill ~·cnwd to bi•Jjrnatt'd to l)th'ttiont ot In• adtn;lll~lt:ttion . By r:.rl) Apnl. J btul .:ntf'N'd tb11 J)fntllillc•d 1:~mJ u( nt1.1iOII1tl !Kdilir~.

I low 1iifl it lutJ)f•~·n7 TJw , .. ,,mlnr story hn11 h I lull ont• ni~ht iu ~~M~·I• ,

&tr!llll'l I Hhlt4'1llluul, t•••nnM'l lca lh(' .:ovcrnor, '1111-~~~ t•h~tttln~ •ath thf' .:cwl'rntlr J&flf'r dtnniftl" fttu l lOOk lht' o;•porltlttily lo.MIA,"'efi th\' M\'tl tar.d~Uen: romJ)fltnt

l

I

........ _., tA• ~•••l.lolet-'' l • lt• ,.._,

tot• L-1• H•-· tA•..t.•'**"'· pe1t•fl ................. ., .. .,.,,, ..... .-.r.·. ,.. IUI~•l I•"•"'•• •t. ., • .,. U/;t ........ .

lief'•, •11 ''Doc .. O'Cf)IIA\1',.., • ·foflon•, ,

U filii' 6•fm •f tlllt 81•flt TI<J•t. M•l•ll fiHI'•• llletfl '"flll't:h ( 01' R <>OII'Ii>•U' t

*"m"~'•"· ll~tll '"''""'"J lltt"""' of •,ltlf#fll t O l(fllll•f' lfiOh•f'/Q( COli f},.,,..,

•

\

lu Jlt\.'1111"''" national p~m (or him lt~·n· man 11 •nJJVOM-'d to ha-.e ~~td that ''the \l•tt:n.l l*~men. o1 pm.idcnti.al M~~rul,.. dau~-bu•inC!!!I3fAt eat$ and pohti~aiiKII!i8tV­I•*-d bN-11 tht.erNlttetl b)·lhot lfoo,•\•r d(! l lt\1"1~ ... II a'• 1!01d to fiA,.c cli.:n;txed his rf!nmrk• ••1th tlw •IU('.!!tinn. " \\'by don· L yQU lJ1 tho u ru~

\ cr~ltl('ll for 3 C' II~UIJ.;<'! •• Attd OD Lhe hMi.t ot Uh4.l (•f HooKCoV<'ll's •· smiling u .:Hwnl!l. wltirh mny m('nn nnylhiug or unl him~ . '' Hoscnmnu I• ttUI•J)o.~'<l to h:l\'C' invited tuo iu to or~tnulv.o 1 hu .:rr•ul' Llwt l ~>~.~:mu • Ole " lu·Jun'l II'UI'<t.''•

I do uol dout.t I he f:wL tlmt KOIIl(! ~urh •'llll\l' l'tll1110U lUI lhi -4 m:ty bfl\'~ tak4'11 1•lt11.1C,

nhiiOU~th it !IIN'ms Vl'rr qut't!r md<'('d thtu A m:w w.·hu hnd OC't'n dVStl) a~iftt(!d with I(O(~"dl ror I tAO y~n;. Ahoold '!Ly, '' Why •lon' t you try lb., unin·r~itiesfor a f' hanxc?'' 10 a CO''-Tuur who l•:ul habitually rots.l!ulted • ilh I.Jrof"r~ Hobe-rt )lum~y llatg. Jam._. I~Wllrnatbt. JoTank A. l'ea.mna, William I.

. ...,. ~ ... _....,.. , ... ~ ...... ~· . ..., J-JIII \ ..... _. Nitt!o'rt KC.tDrr o. ... ~ I,..,.. A\" Inc' ~- Yllltt..lliollll.tlt' ••• _.._

~h ........ furm« Prot Milo lt. Mahbt• and, I u~.ay adJ. ••th tnto, tt:t Ntlllltu.•dnr hl•lllaht lll()lw''"' Hut I do qu~uort Lh• 1mpht'AL10n lhfil •mooh a c•onvf'raatiOn • aa anythuiJ( MQru I h•n an anr..1dcmL m n dcn•topmt!nt wholly uurt'h~h-...1 lu Sam lt()l;tlnntfttl 'JI t•l•ruunw or muuduuiJou HomcLiut~ dtt!lllldy,. hu 11nuwlol" llw r t.umll:•gne hott1e ··~lin'' ahe . t.iJ)'I 1•ro .. · hl!l.ll the lltu~.lou thnt 11hu i• t'J\\IKiua thn •hl11 io 1Hda dnv.n tJu! """)'a.

II .Molt Who N•eded Help , and Loti o/lt

Til t: 1•nH~.a o;t,M t..tU.t.kJ i h, Unl' t~Umc"'.hf', a.hnoel luttvit.at•lf'.

tln11. ~laJ"C'b waaa drt'adful mm1tb lCK taw L"'\'tn~- fkfoM leaviru: Albany, ~~ •tale k'CiUturo had du.w1~ ott b.J• d••lc: hiPrall) .-orN ol hdl.t that bad 10 be uudu.'CI and anal.)£(_"11 b1.•fom he coukl dftid~ •hNh..r In "*" or \(Ole;, them. h took hou.r altt-'1' ho11r, ,,..,. oftl'r day, co ba.odl" th~. At the Mm(' IIDlt"o HOOMo\ ch .-u obligtod to lhn-..•1 wh•t had no• i>t-N)m(" an intel)Jiive dri4•e for d••l(-. ~~h.'f to the uu.tiunnl t'()U\'"-flliun. i\11 thou.ch I hi» \\1-'n'llh"ll t•tiOll.l:h, b P. WAif $UCmptinc 110( uuly to nuddpn.Hl lit <'! f,lu.y~ of S<oabury, who "'*'., ('f.,ftlmg Uf'V.' cmlmr:rn.56mcn tl', lull 10

Nofo fl'l<r ,.,. ~,. . .. ''• ,..,. float," w111do,.. Uttod t111 tlto t.~.rllllf •••-• Mellll'llo I•

Lfl.h Mf'MO .... otd .. nt for tA• ~11110dld111t111,

L~1• nu ''>"on ~\I f'nuth. who .. ,.. frghlir~ him toolh ar.d Mil, fl nolly, be wu. despr:rately tryir~-•00 t.ilm~-10 mak~timclo J'rer,"~ ~e<tpt"«hH htoc• "-"' W('lttduk'd 10 dcohvrrm Apnl-ept"l't'~ ('ritu .. IIO hi-. n~•nnna11on. Ko oue knew bcottt>r thAn he thnt lw 1 re<ft-'(lclll llle help ht) coultl J;"CL. ft1: liJ)()kcl)( that tf) 111\lt•nrly In ~l 11rtll w!J~o \\'~ V.'tf'e nt. v.·ork on I he rt11r ,\t.&l)t~u~hor• IIJII'I.lCh, tuul hlok \.lCcta<tion to tuhl tfllll, .,..hi!~ !41ull Hul!oenmu.u lwd been of thogrt'~IICISI.""~i"t· t•h•·•) tu lnrn in alnll! hu<!int'~. ho ~H• l not, in IA<'l, loui)\\ wry mu<:lr nb•Jut n tll ionnl nfl':un:.

:k•c•nud, Ut)ll•~nnum was thorou.ul•lY nY.'nt•) or hi11 OY. tl litui i iHiOll l'l (lllli i\W{It'(l Of l h flr 'J(l\'UTIIOr' II IIY.'f!ri-,..

ht ... of tlh•tu. flo WII!J no fool. Uc Y.':lJI !lmML tiHma:l• I C) rl'tllit.\' II II~ I hh~ OV. D ll'tllll'e kJI ,.-.)090 IUh ' IM'r in I h t!

'"""' h• ftlwud v. ould dC"pcnd U JI()n hi~t nbilily ro U!I;O­tiJII(I hunoot•lf O{w. iltJy " ·ith those •·ho l"'uld '"l'l.t-b' "hM ltC' l•••kt"ti.

1'1nrd. any l~rfonnanf'i' WIL." "'•id<"nlly s:Uihia<"IOI)'. 1"'bt> Shc.-ntr .~.._rtry ~mcwaJ order had lent n.r;elt lo ta,·oral4('; ttuotatton throi¢hout 1ht! <'OU.ttlf1. Th~ !i41('fl("bon JUdln&l l"f(onn.drb~~ btofo.-e•JOI•hastt· .,.,foil aud'f"r~ ol tawyr:fll.luad heen t'"Xoot'Ciin£"1Y •,.II rtrttt.\'td Uutrnorn lhan fc ... ,~~t ... .- - ,. • .,. • •

J . .

an "'lury II dooo 10 him d wham a ,.. ~.--h~Ul t~W>J II aald.''

'' What did I loll y<MI7" aald Mr. KoplllO triwnplwtlly 10 Mr. a.... more.

Mr. O utUnore took a ~p on blm· ooll. "Thal'o all vory w.U, MID Bly, bul you ..,.m 10 10111"1 lbaL I uk<ld your hel11 with Mrs. Turg6L'• eue, and you AQ'1"(l((d, LM:IUy at. l.._&. to do--w.b-.t. you oould towud pe.r~ua.d.ing hu to a.o-­C!C!pl a t"t'lli..Inable eetUf!ttltnt. FoUow­lna your o••n quaint proooa ot reuon­inr. J tonaldtr you guilty ot violl.tion of """'""'' In lalllnr 10 do oo."

"Ob, buLl dido'l lall," aoUd DomL " t mt..r havt boeo aliule alow about. it .• du• 10 dM.IJI2;t~ beyood .JIU' eon­trol, in•ludlnc tba opealnc ol a new 111-keL and ao act ol Ooo. buL I did P'- btr \0 agree to a ae.tllm~ent. WMthtt you'd towider it reaaonable or aot lt uolher matter. Iince you're ao unftOIOoablo 70u..ncll about eome thitiJI. t.·tr. llarril thoua:ht. it. waa very rouonab!•."

" \Vbo f •• IO.id Mr. CliU'(I:('Dore, gog-

JC:Iina '' bor. "Mr. Jlnni», tho B. C. bdjua tCT, [ C'IAtlod him at hi• homo 4nd got. him to como down nnd t.ake earo ot tha. dot.a.il work. 1\ftar Mrs. Tu.~~ aod .I had oon\o tO lOrmt. Sho l'l.g1'00d to oocepli rooovory tor mcdlcDl 8C.I'Viet8, th.roo

'dollt'rt, nnd for ono wook'tloa of ee.nr­ltttf u A bou&owlto, fiCteeo dollan., to­Ull, oiJlh~o dollAn. Tbal't quito a reduct.ioD from tho teo lhouaand &he wu a:olnk \0 Mk."

Mr. Ka~lan opoko. •Yinr hN almooL rt''6r0Dib'-Mr. Claremo~ was un­able 10 opoak. "Bow io lbo nrld did Y"" ponuado htr 10 - a .. w.. me-nt. likt lhat.f You mutt have hyp­notiud btr! ..

":-.i'o, that wouldn't. bve ~ lfP).. I kno ... btlore I over Ion ~ ttu.• I l"'uld eeuleft. You'd underataod why, if you were a woman. Mr. Claremoro mid •he feU down11tain~ wlu1e going to RnMwer the telepbooe. •nd probably nevor kOt to nMwor it: and rigbt..lhcn I know whM wAt wrong with ht r. Any WOIIIII.R WOtJ1d 00 & UOI"o'O\US wreck i( hor toloJ)hono rnng oud something hnp­l)t.nOd 80 tlu~\. tho uevtr round out. who cttllod. Sho'd got to brooding over h ,

and lmacioiur aU -'1 ol lhlap. lutl like :.t..._ 'l'uJwol, Na<unolly, bor work aod bet hoallb would aull'«. ond il would bt ... r lor a allok lhyotot Uke Orbt'f 10 lllAko bet lhlnk aho wu roally lnlun>d D>Onlally. •nd ourb~ 10 eue lor dam~ I oloand ovoryllilna' up jull by 14lllllg hor who oallod.''

"How dld r,ou ltoow who oalledr " oald Mr. !Up an.

"I didn'~ 1lu1110ld b•r II wu mo, oallloc 10 oak bor m.lddlolnlUal ror Ill¥ ftleo. ..

Mr. K.pla.o ..,.,. at.W • moment while he oomP<Oboodod lbe claulc lim· pliail,y, tbamapi.l!eoaLel!oolh·..,_ol tbaL ...... Tb .. be bowlod wilb d• lichtod lauJbter, and r.u 10 wbopPinc Mr. OaromoN upon tba book.

" Row ab<MII tbaL box ol oJevs!" be roarod.

NWail. a miD-ut.." Mr. c::JanmoN apoke weakly, bul be wu .-..nag. lh w .. n'l rili.Dr t.o ooncede defeat. yeL

Re lollowecl Dorrl~ Into her lillie o·Moe between hlt and Mr. Kaptao'll. "Mia Bly, l wllh 10 OOOI1l'lllulale you upon your Mh.lametnt of A ma~t.Qr wbioh. I odmll, I found veey lroublo­aome. Your 10luLion ahowed an in­s:enuit.y which OnRh.t t.o be rewarded. Jt lt~ untortunatG that, jn.,t~, l rou.st. deduct. MOIIt. of )'OUr pny for )'e&t.erday. Mue.b u it Pl\int me, il it my dut.y un­der the lAw."

Dorrlt fACod IU'OUnd obari>l¥. "Who• law?••

"The law you quoted in excuai~~~: you abe&aoe: Jd.tm ft()n eue: d ftOII op­J"U<f"· You -· MIM 81y, you, 100, lall<ld to appou allhe oftl<le y"torday, exoopt tor • tow mlnutet in lhemom­iQK. to tor mote. of "'' day you. too. didn•\ exitt.. I aouktD't. PQ' JOmeo.oe wbodida'Loxlll,eould 1r•· Sbok>okod 10 atriokeo lhaL lwl. rolentecl, and aoUd kindly. "Doo'Hakoluo hard. Thel\>'11 be a few dollars extra In your pa-y en­velop~~ heroo.ftor, whiel\ t hould more than make up tor t.l\e 1oM. I on1y wanted to impf'M4you wlt.h a truth we aTQ 11!1 too a:pfi to tol'f:r(lt.: 'rhnt. &hero are two llides to overy «!MM." •

Ae rovcrt.M t.o Mr. l<"nln.n. "Now, whllt wero you IIAylnR nbout. ll box or ()jgnrs?''

M R. R OOSEVELT SETS H I S C.JIP

chat. l thin~., lht work on thoee. t.'W'O )obi iiiUI\nt«J ft l«.bniqUfl DO 006 el.8e chea aro"nd Rootovolt. ~en! I 1&. ...... oct IO htlp Ol)'ll.tllizo IUs OWD id ... nad lnt:linatiODlt, reftect. them aoeu­,.. .. ly,oxleodthomwhere........,.aod pre.ent.themeongruoualy-in brief, to reUove hlm of e. good deal ot pen;onal drudgery, At April dntw on, and -with it tho moment tor preparing a.nd pro­joolinK a nationn.L program, .,.,.hAt moro natur1U thl\n that he ahott1d employ it npin 1 J moved into a vnonum in his ~~<•homo of thinK"·

Pinnlly, I WrYJnble lo Mhiovcabnoet. 1110 impo!udblo-t.ho moiutcOo.uoo of friendly relnJions with bot.b Louie If owe And & m ll.oecnmao-tmd th6un­mh~t4'd hAtred or thteO two men for Nth otht-r WN t-ho tingle. faetor that mlt ht havedt•ruJ,t.ed t.ba Jogieal course ot tVC!'nta. Howo·a jodousy of Rosen­man wu tx~ ooJy by Rosenman's joalouy of Howo. Howe was f0f'8\·er lr)'iOII 10 humiliate R<>oenman. I re­membe< wdl R<>oenman'a bluing fury wbtn. duriq the campaifro. Ho...-e at .. cempud to uaign him to a routine job •t hl'Adquartfrs whkb Sam C!Ontickrtd

mental. Roeenman aevtr ovwiooked au oppor1unit.y to WII'D me ap.inat Howe; opia and opio he uoed a pb....., of Basil O'Coonor'.-.. Louie'U "lOve you the toot' it you don't. wakh oul." lt either no..,. or Roeenman b3d tut-­

pootod thaL I - more lbao polile!ly triOlldly wllh lito oth•r, U eilll<r bad been R'ivan tho elia:htoet. n:!MOD to l'1)o

tC!nt nny l\8100'-tlou or mina • wilh Roosovel~ a~ tluu bruei3.1 tim&, bo would nofi btwo h011itnt.od for a motnont. 10 bJook mo ofT oomplotoly. It "''"' lamontablo. but ~rue, tbnt. JJO ono, ro­kfirdl.oss or tho contribution thub he might bnvo hoori llblo t.o ttt~toko to FrankHn ROOI:M)velt, oould have bo­aomo a membe:r or hi• entourAge with­out. np)MIUins: thMe impiAC!&ble roes.

I had already leomod tho molanoholy fact. that •udi antAfroniata are qWte oapablo of imperUJnr lbo boo~ ioC<>reou ar t~Qolbey ~-10 ht IOI'Vinc. ud I ..... d,.tlood 1o • ._ m>'aoll 10 ~~e~me o1 ftt bittu oorollariea iD tht mooW to aomo. Out. a t. lbo moment. i.o ~~~b. I WN takinc uo cha.ooH.

Louie wu then wotklnc a&. Rooeevfl&. I hudqu.arten on MacUaon Avtnue. The

-.rT AIID JEFf

SIR SIDHEY, MY EYE! ~ MOVIH6, You!

I s there .. better way to torreet consti4

potion Ilion juat boating It lint ond trying to cure it later? There is. iJ it's the common klnd due to lack of "butW' in the diet, Oct ot the cause and prevent the uouble, with that crisp, crunchy, bulk·ricb cereal- Kellogg's Ali·Bran. E<ot it tvtT)' day. drinlc pleol;y or water, and oeelf lhc world lc\'t brilthterl

Join the "Regulars" with KELLOGG'S ALL-BRAN

•

BOYS! Want a

BICYCLE LIKE THIS? Earn It YOurself!

HOW?

Find Regular Customers

For

The Saturday Evening Post

and

Ladies' Home J ournal

In Your Neigbborltood

Cun.i:~ PubllshfhJ Company 1$1) JndtJI'QdtOCt .§411v• Pbll•cltl.pllte- f'•oo•Jhu l•

Dut ~"nee M•ru 1o1ft th"'- I •••" 10 u:rn J!(l'u •I'd ~~= ... ~ ~"''h"_,. ..... ,.u-~.aat"-

·"-~---

- ----·-----1/•~'t .,., •/,.lif PfT,_II ,(plAt /Uhiio¥ U~•#f>lf l~.uost.d toh•v• "'' bor•w• u!lil"ctCimb 1\ibbutiOIII•

IOYtmOI', who wu deeply devcKod 1.0 '-" - dlAnlewriolloall,y -abo•n kooPac in lOuth whh LoWe u coti4G u LoWe's iaallablo 111.-1. eu­rioahy ucl a1fectioo woWd have dio­&al«<. Thit .n...n.d, ....,.loci little Nibolu., hsd "'"'bod his Siortriod rrow to he.:ro'• ailAI ud now ho lived [n an &aQny of 'ar,pttbe.ruion t.ha~ "•omeoao"- m...a Dl Ro•eruna.n­woulcl S1tiUb ali u ....U·I&Id plans. Lou!. wu .., .. ...,tl.Y toni bolwoeo the WI ... p.. t.bat hlll pnc>OI>VOilUoo WO<k loNwYorkwu~...St.bat. lo hlll aboe- !rom AI· baaT. ''IOGI80iD6'' would "aivt l!'raDldio bod ad­v!co or lot hlll impW.. nan &WIU' wjth..him."

Tho r .. t thai ho .,.. oblo 10 oervo "-vtltu well ea be dicl duM., t.ba pWllac ud ha.U.., at Soabur7 ...s 'l'l.mmsay, lhOQCb he knew blo ambl• t.ioo 001lld aot be reaJU.ed without the lacit ..... t of lho 'l'l.mmsay lead .. , .,.., a Lribu\4 \4 hit own devotion tQ "-volt •nd 10 blo own &aet. Aod Lowe wu me~ooaln boldine him ,.... oponsible lor the worat bluoder mode In ihat. pf'OOIM-the rovernor't Wo.ulea\1 reol.r to the oharreo llod opinst Mayor W'ali<er b7 Rob'bl St<>pheo Wloo and the a.v.r.nd Jnbn ll&y- Holmoa

WILLIAM HOBART­NEVADA SHERIFF

J;. ••• ~ ..... .

roilier I.Oothillc Q!T, ood lho laoi t.bai I &aucbt there wu • polo\ lo my favor,

PUially, ....... 8oJn ... _aood -mld..M""" evealllc, with tho air of ... who .W... • tl't'mtlldous dlsoovery, lbot "-vel• aoodod oxpert pro(oo­aionaJ r.dvioe on na.tfonAI IMu!ill and tbu ...... h 1.0 rot .. .,. people to­rot.hor 10 uols~ blm. ho made ~~ -y tor me to enoourace tbe notion that. be .,. .. the on,;..wr ol Ibis happy Ideo. To have oaid thai It had ""'"'Pied my ~~~ evorr Wllldoc boor 11000 "-•elt's ~&r-Astoeiotio~Hpeeob

remarb to me •oald b&ve bleo uoki.J:Ld &nd otupid.

And 10 ll&m, too. wao won-·ootJvlnoed, with the-'"' or time, that ho bad plucked me !rom ..adomio oheourity.

Tho ..,.lloUowodnat­urall,y.

Ihada ...,.m .. ...,. t.ho tt.reet from Loulo'•, In lhe orlioeo ol tho Cotnmllaion OD the Ad­ntlnistnllon of JUJI!ot, and I .,.ot tb ... him lroquonUy dun., Feb-

ruary and -· .. Indeed I bad been dol114r lor yoere.- 1 kopl him

T ELL .me • tal• of tlut MWt, 4tandl• thu. r.u D'M. ,..,. of tho ... t.rn plldn•. Rwtl•r•IOM to their rut, /o,...,.,,

Sam, Dosil (Doe) O'CoD.DOr, RooeevtJt•a law parto.,.., and I made a list or poeeiblo I.Opies

lnlormod ol thedevelop­meolt tha$~f., ~ piMa in my rela.Uoni with Roooevelt-ol the triptto Albany, tbelel~ phone e&lla, lbe oo~ apoodeo-and I ooa­u.auecl w do eo the:,. aft«. Jo 110m& way. \bit eoemodto_,_Loolo'o fe.._n, and it beearna t lCIU' from his oonversa,.. tlon that he flnnly be-Hoved tba~ he bod 11 pl&ntod" m&in_AJhiLnv t.o 100 tha·r. ' ' somOODO'• rMdo nO riiiat&.k4.'ll and to eov.nd lhe eirena 10 that be could bud him­tell illto tho ~ il anyt.blag tbrottonod his .. Jrrao.kli.a'a•• availabll· lty. I oonJ.,.. that I dld nothing to dislodge t.hi• unlovely idea. trom Louio'o bead. It oom-lortod him. H mini-mlzed. his potential op-

Gold and l•vtr ..nd w~n tualn•,

1\..·clvc 1 wu, ot • ttlRc )"0\lnJe:r, Wbcn I followed tho oxcart tttll, my .on.

I draak of thlrst. And I att· or huncer, But I carrled my f\nt real huntin&: IUf'l..

Pathttand 1 Kt out toe:cthcr. Lone wulbc .-1 that .-cbed ohcad.

My buntlo& knife Mclo sl!<ath c( W.tl>cr, J made "'Y l>ull<tl c( melted !tad.

Many a mile (tom Wettport Landina:, Far and tWI,'f when OI.U' rood Jll,n low.

~ leAned my 1un on a wheel, and, atondln1, Shot mo • big, bull buffalo.

The dust wu thkk N a Pa...vnet: blanlu:t. The wind, 1t blew. AM it never aascd.

We rationed watltt bcfcn we drank it. s..u to the 1ona .-1 ruMina Eut.

R..U.... roldod our pinto poni<S. 'J"hnoe we ~ But we missed the rest.

Our throa:tl were dry u a dead Shoshoni'&. Ovc:r the Jonc road runnln& \V e5t.

Fever tlekcncd eleven m1nttt. Father, he Will a parson thm..

Ht xnt me: on with the (orty4 ninn'll,

upon wbith Roosevell's campllliJ!I might IOucb. ,.. we iottod them down, I •• l!l!••tod lho noun .. or Individual• who hsd exper' knowloclga about~ eaeb.

Tbu• wulhe "braiD* truJ\ •• bora. thu.a my ~Jordan ..-.d.

All this-ma unadul­t<raloodly oold·blooded. II wun'l, aotunlly. I wu no tlnpot Bacon­ounnlog, diiJpiUiaiona~, la..,Uoctu•l. U, .. y. I had boon preeenlod with &ho eamo opportunity to lake pen Ill tho Hoover ...,.pel.rn, I eould ool have • vailod ..,ysell ol it. Doubt*o this .,..n y,•&aknOII that would h.a.\'0 made me an abom­i.n.abJo lAwyer, but. I wu oonatJtutlonally inca.~ ablo ot OIJ)Ou.tring any cau.llo in wb.ic.h I did not beHove. Worae than

poeition to tbeadopt.ion or t.h6 kind o1 Jli'OIRID And. at.o.yecl and buried the mountaitl Mel\.

that, my boliof&, deci­sions, judpenu were. oot. arrived at by an ~ dod)' -of lhouglu. They ro .. up, willy­nilly, out or a. sea of (eeJinge, t(l:DI(If, hunches. to oonrront. grapple •·ltb, a nd ftnAlly tAke poao~~eion or me.

I hoped to-­velt ehampion. Aad It 1ta.mped hi$ visa on my pUiport. for tbe time bc.iU&". 1.\ any tate.

"!'be OXC(l dtW--thoulh 1K tried to atop it­Alkall. And the ..... dltd.

The gun wu heavy. 1 hlld tl> drop it. I I&)' that oJibt In the cWk IJ'd <ritd.

Tho •ppouemont or Rotenman was more eMily Mhioved. Sam had come up rrom Now York Cil)''& W.triet pol· itioo. Tbe leader of bls

Tbcn, so never a Sioux should ute it, Bent the barrel llftd amSJhod the: butt.

Ld'Ut there (Of' the .and tO Jose it. Ldt it \ylna: t lona: Cl rut.

dlatrict. waa James J. lllnoa S&m bad been well od-ted. and, by dial or hard work be-lore, during ond olw hll ""rvloe In the e\41<1 IOIPol•t""', had M<iuiled an u.dmirably det.a.UO<J kno.,·ledsce of $\ate buJinen. H6 wa.a e.aential.lf an ''imide'' \\'Orker. Often bruaque, patently on the amur aide. a U'i.do obsequious il you wen "i,m. pO<&aD~" • thode b.irbbandod If you wena·~ thiJ eapablt, eonecieotious m&D COQ)d obvioual,y never look ro~ ward 14 lheldnd ol polilic&l .. ....,. Al Smith or Sob Wognor bad obapod out or tho MMO beginninl{! M hiJI, and ho had ilhrowdJy CUI hlo tuDbitlon 14 dt Ilia cloth.

Sarn•aont; desire wu to be appointed tO Nt• York'• Supreme Cour' btro·re n-tlt left the govuaorobip.

Ld't the' rUit. and more'• the pity. Ld\ rtq ~ with tU brokeo 1\14.

Till J woo Sh<rift' of Catoon City, 1 DCVcr curled another one.

Sam.'a v~ry weaknesses smoothed t.ha way. ,.. early u February be bad Nkecl me to writa to the governor .urging hia appointment. to a vaea.noy oo tho Supmno Court. Thi& frifodl,y eeotwo I - oblo 1.0 meke with a~ oonteieoM, ror J W&a oertain be WOuld bo«>mo tho ftne iu~ he hu alnoo proved to be. Moreovar, aa J havo sug~tod. tho governor's a.wareneu of his nood for 4WiaUmce on natioutLJ af .. fairs wM evlclent by early Marth, and Sam wu not the m•n to stand in t.he way or lho intvitable. Sam also loved Colu.mb!. University ill a boyish ond

I liked Franklin Rooeeve1~ ror tho same elemental reuona that m:illiou or othet$ ....-ere -a 1.0 like him-lor ru. v!bn111l allveo-. his warmth, hla oympathy, his .. uvlam. 1 had faith in him. Tho reot did not prcccdo, II loilowed tho,. hare lao&a.

Now. people who uted only their hoods could and did "'It me thai I ...,... ut"'r~ mistaken. People who were merely .. intellectual" were almOIJt aaanimoao on the subloot of Jlooo&. volt'aiDaclequ..yln thooprioEoll932; ho was a. ••weallioc.'' they ..Jd. &1'1 ''opportunist.," .. an aml&blo gentlama.n wbo wnnta to be Proeidont.." 1 must luwo wtitt.en a doEctn argumentAtiVe I otter~~ in March and April to nervoUs rriond.s who ventured tho OJ)lnlon tbl.t "Tbla obilly,.haliying wilh Tammany doe1n'' prom.i!se well," or "Your ea,o.. tlidato _,. 10 bo Jun aay politician

.. on tM make.'' or-from a aew.paper odllorlo a Miclwooi«""oiiJ'-" Wadd,ya Meao-'pt'OCNIIiYt~'P The &"1¥ juat. dO(IID'tMtm lobavtal1.)'1tu:ft:' Yet. it wun'ta quett.ioP tlLali you could tetUe with worde. It wat, ln t~Nenoe., a ma..t.­l<r or bcllol, o1 raltb.

Tbe ruUt!ll~ ood ru ••d •"'•Y lho rrankoo~ d ... rlptlon o/ my reeUnp abou~ nooeevel~ in thOM day• il oon­talnod In • lou .. , lo my alaw. I lhln.k it warrantl inclu•io.o beN, rough and incompleta tbou1h I~ Ia, beoaUM it Ia a r~rd of wha\ 1 felt. at. Lhe lime rather than an att.cmpt. to rec.pture tbote ll.rtt -liono. h II datod Tueoday, April 12, ID32, and roodl:

0.. N.Ut'nlaob lew wrltllll .,.ol>ou, t.be Oov."t ..,...a...,., wk. Your ...et.ioo ltlm ....................... ldoo.,_h •t.rue.k &.M oououy-eepeelaby t.IDOt tt.. tpeC!Oia CO' eo .aue.k bob (romlheooo..-v-... uvo pa-llopubllooA t.ad o.m-.tJo. 'Jbt OOvtnOr Ia qulu.lad.i6f!f"eftt. to th• &Uac.b-ID fa.o' nth« lit. \ha.n booauo thty Uow Lh&io h ll War Wc.a llf!ri~ ou.at.y-ud be re&Ur.oe thal 1.he a:Uetu.t.lon or 110mo •Wd·pa'ter. t• aeoeeaa.ry tt lh• c•mJ)Iljp I.e t.o 100m to the ra.ak: ancl OJo • • • 110modll"C other t.lwl the t1.1ual o.mPAla'n rutiUtuianJJm.

You !LIIk whM ho ia Uke and thAt isn'L Ofl.fY to iwwcr booau.ao I hAven't hAd the ehaooo to oonnrro a. lot< or fteetJng imprea-­•ion.~. Ono thlna It ture-tbat the idea. peopto rtll from hl1 ebarming manner­that bo It 110ft or tsa.bby in dilpolition a.nd ch~U:r-1• fat from tnle. When be wahLil 10mothtnr a tot he ea.n be form.id­ablo-wohto ei'OIIOd he ia hanl. ttubborn, ro.ouroetul. releno-.. I uted to think c»:1 the bMb ol 4UUal obtenatiaD that hit amiabW\YWU "lofd4-lh.........,.."­"r;oo6-&ooc.bo-pee.aala .. std:. ltim•t tAat at aiL lfo ~ qtalte catlU'ally wum ud frieodlJ,..,.-.... be -•inel.f u• IDa41 ol the people to whom be is ...._.,.. (alt,.ho' bt cloe. like • tot of .-plo ol all ..,. aud ....rtelioo) lb... bo­~llll ht Su•t onjo)'l tho plOUIUtt aod C'!D-­peinr role. u " ebumia& Yt'O:t:ON d~ And bttng a born politltlan be~ m~~ 1ucb q_uallt.IM in bhnt611 by llao f!tl'oot \hey produoo oo othort. Ho it ,...hoUy ooo.teioue or lll• Ability 1.0 111011d eallt'!rw aw&Ly hawy and glowing t.nd In fo6Cl'(!OrnO-n'L with bJm and M• idOOM. And ho Pl'ordcula.rly oojoy11 11ondlng J)O()plo nw1ry who llavt~ oomplowly forgoU.(lJI (uodCir bu• 11~U) &ho thtox they ~amo to My or u k. On tbo wholo his oordiaU~y IUid hi• in«!rotll· [o poopl.o r.. to .n.ll APJX~~Lraau~•· unfo.laoOO.

Tho •tori~ abou\ hll ntn._ a.od i tls (!tf'OO& 1.1110n him are tho bunk. Nobody in pub~ Ulo .Wee T. R. bu bee.n 80 robw.t. 10 buoy.a\1¥ and blataoLl.v healthy-u this fcUow. Ut 11 tu.U ot animal tpirita ..-od koctoo hl-'l IUid <he p«>ple UOUJJd IWn ln a rvo aood humor with • lot of ~ ~lay that rtatladt me ot the old da,ya iD Olmll<d l'allo. -btor Jolm Ooli50Y t.ad Soowl41 Folic IUid <he ...... •trues and th -~ .... thl'ft' at c~oonr w.u. • cood IIWIJ' oabbogM will be throwu by lhit ma.a at maQ1 ~table door.-aot btoauM be f(!Jf')l it lt an ao' of ju.-Uoo but~ h 11 10 much fun. Bo Like• to do It on a parlor tea.lo: broad, neve:r rf!tJly •ltty (you oouldn't oa!l h. witty! a.nd teldom twcn (ul)ny, but. bold and e \WfUland ~xubtrcu>L. Sam Roteo· 1tUlll i• "Sammy th& R<*i'' ond Mofxeo· lliiUI, Jr .... Hemry tlaa )1'01'\[\U)," Thcro r. t('lusha~ and loud Jau~laln.(C at. W.t.imo, whlolt ill a rlto ho toUow1, bul which l.t <1ulw atru.n~Rt t.o my Ohio IM!nalbllity.

'rtao mon't cnc.ra:Y and vitality are a.­toni•hlo.c. l 'vo bten •muod with his in­k•n:ttt. in tbJop. It. tid pi and bounoea tbrou.ch ~ttmJaaJy lntrieate aubjeetl and ma,ybe h le my t.O&dtmlo h'Sinina: that rnakH mt fHI that oo ooo ~uld poaibly 18m mud io tuth a hlt.oor-m.lll t~o:D.. I doa'l ftnd that lrllo hu read ca\leb about ft!OOOCft)o ••b;e.cta. Wbathe rMt il from

• ~lkioa to poople aDd wlrlleo •• 1&oree away 11tv aec. ot a ooa~tloD he MYft" bowt what pan ot wbat he hu kepL la whalllo .Jd hi.JnJtlf or what h1l viait.or &aid. Tilton il • tot of auto.fntoxklatioD or \be hn.eW· cmt'C tbal •o •baD have to wa.W!h. But.

bo .... a lot ,...., ..... ., wil~ pooplo ..... _ .... A lypioal-'> 10 a fllr prob-._. S. ··8cH.Dd-& wu wlllDI me )'•'*"' day."' A.Do\.het ll "DOw w fouDd Ia c.t.J. lAr whh \be a&&&.e .....,d.., t.bat • • hAd 10 doal wilh ....... _.. ..........

1'hll quality '"IWI to clvt T1,1p1!U .,me worrieo b«!oau• be waol.l peopl& \o ab.o• ra.Q~;Itiuhy " 1\h preU7 ea.rnoa~ ldeu. Uut. J bfUove t.h&l h1• ( Jlooeovtlt'l) oompLott troodom from dQI'OlAt..ltm ll a. virtue·~ t.hJ.e •tact of tho pmo. lie trW •Wok to ldeu after M hM OJ..,....d t.b•m, J beUtvtucl bopt., ll•veo t.-.Dow1. Hoov. it fu.U ot la.formatJon aod dot'mu. but b• boa - lmpriaoll4d by hla laoowlodp, aocl Ood ... "" ut troaa tout N,.. 7ean of tha& 1 U •• ...,., pt. a I'Telldea~ wit!l a GWd mJad Wt tht.U bav. IOD.'It bad lim• ......, Tbot~b...W., ...,..,., ....... w..~ ••

P~ D. R. • .,._, reoept.lvlt;t. 8o ru u I bow. M DIM• DO ti'Oii toO ebeek up oa ~ lbol I cw 011¥-- boa IOid him. J woodtr wba\. WoWct bappe:a if ..,. ab011ld ae1Ja114o ..,. 10 pu • tlllora over oo blm. Dt wollld bd out-but ll would be 100 l4t6. Thll ,.._ • boll ., .... pcou~­biUt.Y OIL mt,

M I look back •• wb&> I hove aoribblod b.ort\, I 100 I bavon'Uoa....-oyed &oy NO.teOC pllou\Q', hla puU~ ... aopblttl,.tlao, hla lack- of t.be o.ao.o&ivo \tt.ll.l ot m.e.n wbo have a bloac.od .uDIO ot portaul dCirlt.loy. .Du.t< t.b(!Q ( know )'OU pt. tb•t h·Qrn thO •pooob. Who.o 1 ,..., wotklnr on h whh him J ,...,. tr,Ylna: t.o •u.nwt tho lde..t, w-ord.ll and ph.ra.etw tha' wo-.ld m•ko tba~ piet-lll'O of hlm ovw tho ro.dro aod would tb' t.b.a im"f9ln the publlo ooi'LMJou•n-. He w-u ~tnr lO tMOA d1e und6rdo, and ! lollraped rrom my memory u otd pl'ltMt ''The l"orgottea Ma:o," wbJeb bu ha\la\tld me for)'..,.._

U )'OU had Mked mt whl M atood tor rather than what M It I oou'd c.tll yOU more aocwatetr. Dul &hal 014 keep.

r ,., to Cleveland tha' woe!< tnd and to"'&rd mi<!.Diibtot April-lb • WN rouwd 01.1\. by aldepbooooall rrom AJbtJ>y, Nking 101 to bootd lho JDV­UDOr11 tDin in De-troit. tho ooxt. morn~ ing. The non thali Lbt I111ull empit"6 waa cracking eevnod to oal.l tor eomo laol--minu t<> oddltlon• lo lhe apcooh Rooaove:lt. wM to d6Uvo.r ln St. Paul on t.ho eighteenth, rmd so l c:r•~w lod out. of bod and ma.dn tor tho r.UlroMI at.n.Lion.

I t w(UI, perhaJ>i1 j uet M well that. t.ha mome.nt. pl\3800 'Wtthout t\llY ox-position ollho.Rooaovalt pragratn ot April, 1932.

AI I undcnot.ood it rrom tAlk• And from fairly clOM atudy of hil pollcice fl.nd ut.ternnoee M governor. it went. some~ .. loUowa:

F. D. R. bad a rairly ooneret<> ~.,.,. poljey. Thia......, a aub~• lo whieb be bod given more painatakinllludy lhoo to aay olher.

Hit ..,...., potioy wu. lo a .,_, pan or • ....,... poliey whic:b includod lhe eonoervauon ot bo<h laod aud ..-ater. Rooeevelt had ldvoaated f"6o roreo~ation. land ullliu.tloo, lhe relit! or the rarmCTI Crom au inoquit.ablo tax burden and tbe curative pot~ibilitiee ot divenifying our ioduat.rial lito by oendin.ll • proporlloo or It lolo the rural dialriotl. 'l'bo ooolrAI problom or agricu.lturo-Lho pnrndox ot aoarolty in the .m.idsL of plcmLy-ho aaw A8 a prot).. lem of conse.rvaUOil. ln ao tar u ho had uny .national poUey on atrioulture, he had oxp~ucd iL ln whn~ teemed Jike a. vague endorH.meDL or tho Mc.Na.ry· Haugen plfUl,

He wu. in theory, a low·tt.ril! tnAn. .. lL iJ time," be had n.id, " ror ua to ail down with other natlont a.nd AY to them: 'Thio llorill-reooo butin001, oa our put. AA<l oa youra. ia preveotiag world trade. Lot. ua Me ir we cu work out rocipro<a! molhodJ by whieb •• ...., 11a1t lho o.oiWII lnwrehanle ot good.a. '"

Be ""'• u Woodrow \Vil.on aaid of Je.trenon., a .. patton"' of labor. In

tl

uf Jr(J'I/io1t 'Dollars 'yelled for Jfelp!

t.. No' t -.t .. • ..... a..t 1wiu U ~n-.h. .. I uk h:inl • iPve..,. p4 hoc ~ "Cooftt!" ... ......._ ....... ,.. ..... "1'4 p.. op .tw .. ....._.I I ...W 4not c:ol'ee •• • but tht c-a.SC.. ._, Itt • ekcpt"'

-&. HY•v..e htlew," h• ...._""''• hot.chna out h.i. cup (or K<'Oadt, "'tbil .»ob II 1M bttt (Oifee I "u tnteclf .. "Ricbt, tit.'" I pl:p.c """ "''(,Q ttt. h'• tfUa. ~Y--'1 the. afcia it t2ha oot~ tbt &¥Ot MYJ t.r •

S. N••• "'•-••• Old Moneyh•s• ton• c.• 11r•ndnr down c;sn the dod.. "Cu't bdicvt it I" h.c says,. "'Thru C'lll'fo( Sa"U Cqjfec a.n4 I depr like s loti S-ly . .. how abou.t tuc:hloa ""'co nil rny new booat- u your own lp.rr.l"

6. ll•c• "'•"• h4 tdl• me he. chtektd up o" Santa with hit. doc:tot .. • :and round thll lht Colin(~ 011 Foodt o( c~ Amttb.n Medial At.tociuion uyt: 01SJ.nb Colfrc il free from nlfc:in tB'ott, tnd Ult be used wbcn othu eolfcc hu btta (orbWdco."

SANKA COFFEE UAl corru ..• • 7" ( Utllf • • IIII ••• D&INIC If AND lUI .

"Dn, .. .,. "R#tJ.r Crl.J. Ctf • c .. ., , • ., Cr«n'• T.U1I

Jta:l' COOL with tC£0 $a11b Co8ft , •• -·· dd-sl 8c wte 10 ma\c: it llto~U alJ cood ked <'Oiet shouJd bi m•de.....,_ •Jid 1 halt Kapina phlttpoom to a cup o1 ,..._tu,

i

- \

• You c:an buy a beautiful, new Willys..OVedand-wlth payme:m:a •• low as $$.00 a week. WUiye-. Overland gives you a 5-paaaeoger e:ed.m for lees than a atandard-si.z& ooupeofanyothermalce. And with Jt goes worJd-.fo.mous Wil1ya-Over .. IMd <CQnomy. Sounds lil<e finding money,butowl'torsouAhttoknow. Ask your dealer to prove it to you. Ddlve«.S Ill TMdo. .f'tdct•l, at.t• 1.ad Joe.!

IAoiiU ('j( ...,), •11.S 'r•n•pqrhl~~ u·lta.

AniHTION • uti NISI MOt I w m,., .Qyerl•.M l• piotr pluu. Tilt" • till rorm•lfl uortnl prod,.~Uvt turftodu q~n to.1h• f4bt \1j)C: o( •n:rullft uqttiitlltltlon. II yov I U lt~ lhc •ulomobllt bu.dftt .. qr lilT uUinc b-.ltn~ ... - will be at•d tO c!!totiiu 1hc m•nn wflh ycu,

W rttc or wlrc. WIII.Y...OVc.d•nd M~or.. lM.1"~d' O~lo.

COOL Jos .lf,_,eC/ UNDERWEAR T URN the •qt;ai rm ecctol" lnto • Zone ()f Cool

Co·m furLI JcN!Icey Underwear, with tho pat~ ented Y-rrotat oon•lru ctlnn. ncvor bunchr.~t e~p" or t::ri~ Co etranslc you. l\1aacuUn1li'.Cd to At ('.V('.rywbtrc. GiY~ mUd. n:.U:t.tl eupport. Cono ,.f!.nir,nt, •rtgltd Oj>enlng ne•er PJII'• Nq button. to ripolT • • ~•bfio lcu1ttcld for CIOOlneae. V~tdou• Itt I~08lb.fl in ell--oathm, a.mi In •UJr •ttd Nyon mil• 1 Uf'CIJ. Contou.red •hlrt• to m.ateb. 50e up. P« tc•.rment, Al.&oJoekcyrorebUdrcn down to 6)·ea"' R~mtmbcr. It l,n•t JQ<.k('ly without t.hc Jo.e.kq J,.t;el. I( )lOur tiN!Lin ca.n't•upplr you, wrlle. w..

the tt&to he had rouah ror leeialalioo "-'C'Ul•Unr tho i.uuauoe o1 Injune-t.iona ln la.bor oootrovertifll~ tho o-n.rnaion aod moro n,idappliealion or thoeJ&hl­hour day on pubiJe work. improvameofl at tb& waikmen'e-eompenution Jaw and or taotory ilutpeeUo .. Alld a varioty or other labor-·

enlu&ed, doelUJll!oted and lnldo .... pllclt. He bad to doolde how and where 10 •pply it. Ho noedOd a opeaillo p-.

And in April tha~ )ll'OCtADl bad yet t.o be doviaed. •

.Rewuconoemod with tho poignant· pilaU or tho unomployod and had championed a relief and publio works propam with na~ooaJ implicatJona. Now York had been, in faot.. tho ftnt. •~to to appropria.te money tor relief. Hit program w .. peeulla.rly lntereotior ln th.,t Jt.e adroinietra.tion wu highly deOQntrali'Ud. Sueh aapoota or unem­ployment. a.a tho dit8culty thoee over for'y found in getting jobtt toomed pu­tlcu1arly vivid in hi& min,d,

"Airrlcultu.re," which, in our litt·. we included _uodor i'Con~etVation,'' oame llnl-and not becr.UJO wo .. ., Wdng up thiap alphAbolically. Tho obvioiU beci~Ulini or our d'-ntent.o in thio oouotey ,...., the pe111l•t4aoe ot tho d~ lution that tho nation. oould pl'OIJ)61 whila ita fat1W!n1 wen~ begging.

There wu another reuoo why "Ar­riculturo" oamo fll'tit.. The acenaot Mr. Rooeevalt'a flnt political victory waa lho rural diotricta or Dutoh.,. County. andJrom that da,y forward ill wu Louie Howe•.e cardinAl prine.iplo t.o ooaoen­Lra1.e o.n l&.rmera in plA.n.ning & cam-He WM aea.rclling for a "workabl&01

unamploymen~in1umnoo program aod wa.a a. fihn believer in tho bonetite tb.at. would flow from the oetabli.s.hmont of &bo old~panafon system which ho lied initi&Uld_in New York.

He bad uuked lndignAnlly about tJJe •• usurious'' in teres~ tBtea that tmall borrowo:rs hAd to pay a.nd had expt'688ed a doU!rminn.tion to prevent mergcn~ and oon1101id•tions in industry trhich were mado aolal)t tor tho purposo of selling watered stook~

Tbes6 polittiea, neu-polieioa And mere leaninp we luwo sinoo boeu told are tho roota: or Mr. Roos&velt's oa­tioDAI program, Yet T oonreao that I saw them M only tho &Oil in whieh such room might tlourisb J! they ........ piMIOO thoro.

Em .. t K. Lindloy,lhe beat Watorion or the Roooovelt r<'gime t.o d,.to, h88 pointed out that. ' 1 .Mr. R<1010velt did not. ree.rult hl8 prorossorial advisQnl to provide him with a point or view: he drow them ro him because their poin·t or view waa aiQn to hiJ:J own, •• That is pertootly true. ltis also true thAt ''Mr. Roosovcl~ had dovolopod his political pbii0$0phy long OOforo the daproosion began and long before be met any membor or his brllin• lirwlt • • • ( that) long bororo tho presidentiAl oarnp•ign or 1932 Mr. Roosevel< bad emerg«il\8 the lea,ding Demoorntio ex­poneut of • modern UbornU.m or whi.c~ the kernel waa readi.nou to use Lho power Of polit.ieal gOvQr'Jlrnent. to re­dret)!J tbe- balanoe or t.ha ecooomio world."

But it tbtl.b rcadinOS8 iu it.sru! oou .. stitutod a. national program, then a. man'~ intention tQ bu,ild a. house oon­•litut.eo Ulo work of IJle MabitooL. of tho oont·rMtor •nd or tho eArpent<rrs:.

Roo••u•lt'• Political Phllo•oph1

This is not to deny tbn~ RooseveiL had • political philosophy. Ho 00. 1ieved thatl govern.nlent n.ot only could but should ru::hieve the subordiuntion ot private interests to colleel.ive in~,... cat&, substitute C<H)p.Qration for selfish indh:idutl.litm. He ha(l a. profound feel­ing for Lhe underdog, a very koon &warene3S t.hl\t poUtioal de.mourlloC)" eould not oxi.st sido by side with ec~ nomic plutocmcy.

But tb.is realir.atlon thAt tho domo­eratio program wn.a atill un!ulfl.Ucd nnd this dC6iro to ea:rrs it. forward were not enough tor a man t.o bdng to the !)resi­dency of the United StAtes. Thoy might hnvo boo.n in HH2, or even in 1924. By 10321 1ong not~leot hod made tbe chronic. ills of our soci.ot.y o.cut.c nnd da.n.gwotll. A President eould no longer npproaeh them in leisurely t88bion, with morcly D.· humaoo out.Jook and a. rrngml!lltAry und .... t;anding or whal WM wrong • .Ro had to lmow bow the philosophy or progresaivi&m had boon

..

paign. At any ro.W>, "Agriculture" •ur·

goo~ to<! !Wx Turwell t.o me. ond oo l!wc was tho drat. poenon l Mked in to moot. Sam and "Doa." O'Connor.

Tugw•ll. tit• Flnt R.cr-ult

l!wc. I !mow. had done • atudy on tho aubjoc~ ror AI Smith in tho 1028 campru"gn And bod carried on his ..,.. eo.n.rehi)S for the four years that fol­lowed. JJe'waan•t a clo!90 friend, yet 1 _Jc:new him well e.oougb to be 8Uro ho would got lllong-bl>autirully with Ro..... velt. Ha wBB ignorant. or politics. But. ho was a ftraP.ra.te econom.Jst who had _puabed on beyond the trontien of stiff olassicism, and his original and specu­J~tlve turn. of·mind ma.de him. an enor­mously exhifaratio.R' companion. -aox waa like a oocktail: hi! conve111at~on pic-ked you up .and m.Wo your brain ra.ce along. At the sa.mo time there waa fl. rich vein of molaocholy in hils temper­MlCDt-. troquc.ntly .finding expressioo in tho doubt that a·ny- poHtiehm oould or would taka stel)!l to relieve tho pnralyl:ljs orooping over our ooonom.ie syet.em.

" Doo" O'Connor, whose dean:st (ricnd.s could hardly call him either impreliSionable or progressive, roocted •t<Utlingly lo t~e experimenuu moot­ing wit.h him in March. Whoa Tugwell ha.d ton. aftor tUt ex-position of his boo­Jiera about what had to be done to:r agriouH\Jro, O'Connor turned to mo nod rcmMked with aomolhing akin to awo, ''Bo't a. ptt~t.ty proround foUow, im't he1" ~oscnn:um gua:s&.Od he'd do, too, i.n more prosaic language. And so the daoWoD wa.s mAde to take him to aco tbo governor.

Tho soeond roontit wna Lindsay Rogers, al'IO of Columbia. But .his ea.ree.:r in this, connection wu tumultu­OUJ and •ho~t-tlved. Rogert1 had ad­visod on tAriff during the Smith Mm­paign in .mueh tho .aamo WRY tbnt Rax bad advised on agricuJtu.J1). TM gove:r. nor's St.. Pau.l f:IJ)OOCh, hBd to eontain a abort. sta.tement on tariff that would not J.a.(A)r stand in tho way ot f'DY to.rm policies thab mighc. bo adopted. I thereforo BBked Rogers to &and me a momornndum on the t.D.riJt which I could sbow the governor and which. might be u.sod in tho writing ot the governor's s~b. and l roocivod ono trom him on April a;econd. So inner oontly began tm epi!Kide so nightmarish thal I "ill got goo'"'fieeb when I t hink bMk lo it.

On Friday, April ftttoenth, I called Rogera oo the Jong~istance telephone and. spoke to him tor eighteen minutos. explaining t.baL th.roo tcnt.cncM on tb& e1Tact8 of iba Hawley-Smoot t.ari1f were being ta.ken verbAtim froJ)l hilS mcmo­mndum and put ioto tb&a])f'OQhJtooae-. yeltl wAI to ~ at St. Paul on tbb ·

.. r•a aofTUIU>JIT aYaNINO I'Oaf'

lollowinr Moeday. Then ........... I ,.ontod 10 avoid t.O¥ alij>-Vp, I .....S him tho ••tire _.rrom tho·~ retatlnr 10 tho will, indudinr bla ~ntt:nC!M, &nd uktd tor hill oommont: or C!ridel.am. There wu none.

Artually. tho dupllootloo wu ot ao pattjeular lm-oo; tho Will pOll· cia ol R«.voh and Bmith, u ... forth alt« tho lhrM eontrovorted ... ....,..., dllrortd lo both form and '""'""""'· h would hovt boon _. to obow thu Smith bad boon mlot&ken when he oWmod tho l!ocm outen­u hla own. 8u~ 10 h•v• attempted aoy rebutt&l woul4 almply have p_ro.. lonrod tho life ol tho owry.

Thtt •peoah, tne:ludJna &hiJ puaa,ce, .... duly d•llvertd by Roooovolt. P'iotu.,, th~n. my dltm&y when l openM lhl'l New York t.:vcning P01t.on April twenty-eeoond and wu oon· fronted by tho loilowi"i' ikm, wbioh app<&rtd under tho bold·l... Iitle, A DeADLY PAJU.t.J.C&..

Wt quo14 below two utn.o~ ltom ~ litleaJ •PMCh• ol the mom.t:at. Oae il from tAt 1peocb IMtk by u-Oo-.erDOr Altrod ~:. tllbllh ••lhoJell ..... clinnw;, Wuhlocloo oo Aprilt3: lho oUw io !tom lhoopooohoiOo- f'raoldlo D. a..-. vel&. a t 8L PaW OD April 18:

8 tUTll

Tbt OOD.MqMDOOI of Lho lf&~t biD havo boo& .,.....,douo, bolh directlY and lDdin!oLiy. Otroct~, Amlllriaan foro­~~ tnl.dthM bH1u\.Ndi)y dwia.dling • .•• lodlniOLI.)'. tho hJa:b tcbodulos or tho J(f.w).,y.(;moor. biU Of.Ut«i Europe&n a... tlon• to tliN thtlr own l&ritf walla no~ ouly ap.ln•t: ut but ~,pln1t ea.oh other.

ll.oo~tfiYlTJI'

Tho OOUI(lQUI!IlOOII or tho Hawlcy..Smoot. bill he.vfl been trtmondou•, both ~tly and ludlrt<~tly. Directly, American for­elm trade hu been 1t.eadily dwindti.na. lndjreo\ly. lite hlch ~ehodule~ ot ttl& Hawley-8mooll bill cauted Europ(IILD aa.­tlon. to ral.tt &h.elr own tuitr walla. a.cd lbetle wall.e •en railled DOC oa.l¥ &p.i:mt u• bu& .,.Jn1t -.eb ot.Mr.

Smith ·-llY aold ,, ftru. [);d Roowtelt. oopy lt. froOl hJm t lito, botr aod -~, or dkt IOcnt Hchod. writer" I'<' mlxecl • pf 0. clld boll> Smi<lt aod RooleYel.l talco the wonb troaa tome Demooratlo oam.paicn boot! , • •

Tbore it. wu-llmpJe, inoontroven.-­iblo. tt.up~Jyin~Uke one of t.hOM d.Joeadful d~mt1n which you tuddcnly diiJ.COvor thnt. you have llppea.rod in a ballroom "'ithout your trousa:n.

Th.t1 naxt afternoon Rogers oome to my omoo and oxplnined. ft. soomod thllt whon bo hAd given mo the momo-­rrutdum ou April 100ond ho had for­got.Utn Lo mention Uut.~ h6 h.ad sub-­mittod &n ldontie&l tt.a.teme.:ot to Al Smith lor uoo i.n • rpoooh oohodulod ror March thirty-fin". Thit hadn't boon m~~:ntioaed, beaAUM Smit.h had lailod to uM ony part ol tho m6Do­randum tbeo. It _...od lunber lhat., oo Aprilelovonth. Rogom bad diet&U!d in tho om..ot Mro. lleory Mo&lto•-ilz. a ptrte of dieeullloa oo the tariff tor Smith'•u•inb.iiJolffriQn D•r~ aod bad bad bolore him, whUo dieiAit· lug this pap. tbo oril<\aal .....,.....,_ dum he bad ... t to both ~volt and Smith. lt appeortd, flnolly, that l!ogoro hadlorgotteo to kll me, •• tho limo I mAde t.he long-di..B-t.anl'IO eall to him, thoi Smith had uaod parts ol tlle memornndum ho had given me. Rogers dnimed lh~t I hnd noll roo.d him tho llnrtleulllf J)Mifl!ro in question when I ~&poke to hJm on tho t~lophqn~a point. thM iL would luwe been boode811 t.o ftrg\10. llolddcd thathewaa,ofeoursc, " t•rribly oorry" About tho wholo mix·up.

WaUin6/or tA• .IIJt

~ SJnith bad m~~t~while told the ~JaPoro lhat be blmMII bad wrilten lb4 oenuo ... Ulod by Roootvclt. l'>lpen aU O\-"tr 1he country picked up lhe •1oq. Cartoonilta wen~ \o tqwnabout. lt. 'AJ>d lor th~ d.,.. everybody ex­... pt Rooot,·.lt tUid bla ll&lf had • good b<lly laueh.

! r.u lhat. bolna 111PQOJible ror tho introduction ot Roiprt' maWW and bovine lailod to nol<l myoolllha~Smith bad uood II. I ,. .. a1oo ....,.Jlliblo lor tho emb&mtaom•~• tbol It ......... I ebould oot bavo bl&mod Roootvtlt lor • mioul<l il ho bad arJd aoocJ-by 10 mo &Dd IIU' workt •'- tbat. poio~ ro teet._ lbel'e .... •tinriAc feeli.n&' arou.nd my oeek wllilo J oalmt7 ...tied lor tho ax 10 fall.

I did ool kuo,. my m&l1. Uo did DOt &ak for, but. be got., a full upi&DAtion. He hoanl it in liloooo, omllod ruol'ully, ••d oaid ho oup~ wo'd btlw put the inci:dto:nt. out ot our mind•. So r came to know oooor tho lovtlioe\1 fa.oetAI ol Roo"'vclt'o ch111110ter: ho 1100d by hi& pooplo whoo LhQy IJOL into • jAm­somotimce OV(!Jl when they go\1 him into & jam. ( I bad yot to loam that th.ia e.od.Mting vi.rt.uo in a man oould bt • 11\iling in .. PI'Oiidonq Wo ,..,. sumed precilcly u though tho epilodo had never boe.n.

But. mlfiua Rocert. ~lo wu oon­tulted aeveral t.imet in l..ho tu.mmer and autumo of ~he )'...,. and wae alwl)'a bolplul, but bla relationabip to tbo Rooeevcl.c.. caod..id.aey wu neve- io.li-

""'"' again. Tit• Colwmllta Draft

MOOllwhiJo. OVOA before Rocon be­gan to lade out., AdoU A. Dorio. Jr., bad boon in.it.i&ted. Bono bod had a whirlwind career u an infant. pN)digy in HArvard Coll<eo and lAw Sohool. Someone b.oo booo 00 unkind .. 10 OUf­lt"'t thai Ito ooot.inuod to bo an inl .. t long oltorho bad coaood 10 bo • prodigy. But l alway•lound lbo allgbtJ,y youth­ful coqkiom to which t.hilt rtforrod -wRs more than cowp.cn14.t.od by tho tough· ness or Wa mind, hit qulokneu, Ilia energy and hjs ablHt.y to orp.nize material well.

He bad alreld,y dono 10mo dladn .. guiohod work on tho oubjeot ol oorpor­ate fi.naoeo, and W'&llbo:n t~neaced. with Gardiner C . .Meena, a.n ecoaomi.tt, in &n extensive piece of f"Meaa'eh:on the nature aDd eoouol ot corporations in tho Uoited 51&..._ '

Wboo I ukod him to joiA oo, he hl=tl,y replitd tbot be bad "aoothor -dw~ lor ""'-'dont." I did oo< proao him 10 tell me whom he bad iD mind and. u a mat..t.f:r of faet.. nov(!r did find out. lt. wu his technical a. sistanoe that. w .. wnnkld, not. W.. po­litical suppOrt, whic.b ca.rried not. Lhe sllgbtcat. wcight in any caeo. T roo markod. Uo nod dod ooergetlcaUy, lougbod and enH•tod.

Thent woro otbor roorultt in tholl6 first. row woOks-amonr them Prot. Jo .. ph 0. McOoldriok. Jomeo W. Angoll. Sohuyler WallM<> And Howard Lee McBtin~au. it hnt boon wryl;y ooU!d. mombtro of Columbio'oiA4ul<y.

POaibl,y th•ro wu a tra<o or pro­vincialism in thil tlroumttaoee. But., in the main. h •u lbo f'IIUh of very praet;..J oollliduatlo01. Wbot na ~ dooo In thooe early April d•yo wu -.·holly uperimtntal. h mia:bt or it miaht oot provt to be what Roootvol~ IIC!Odod. It wu eolq 10 raquire the outlay of limt 1-nd money by Meb mao l.ovited 10 ll<'lVO, ud

USE CASITE •• A tc.cangc plaguctwcept tbe oountry,atrildng at theengineeo! our ocwcet

o.nd proudest motor oan. In .Omo ca~~e~ h only eripples lhe engine-robe lt o£ performance. In olbers Jt cnusea actual "freezing," and serious damase.

Tble plague is known to eng{ncen •• ENGINE VARNISH. It il especially acriouJ in ocw ea.ra of the laat few yean. With their cloeu

toleranecs for highc.r officlcoey, the pretence o£ engine varniah Clute& o"'ct· b.eatingt loes of power, Cu6l wute. Depoeited on p.iatom, ring.. bcarloga. or VJlvea. it may cauac them to ••uic:k;' with di&utroU$ reeults..

'I'M ~ <JI«U •f"'«<no mmW. ""' be ovoi<kd-l>y 1M rqp}or we of Cui~& Effll wbuc C1>f1oe voroiob bos bqun to form, the eope uo cootloue to opera to at hl&b lllideocy, with tho proper C..ite applicatioo. In mony imuoceo Cuite boo bcut kno"" to r- •c.-a• moton, wbkh havo afterward~ continued to operate ~~ uti:tlact.ocily.

tASnt ,_.., sma it uaiJabLI •t "*' •utomo­ti•e _...ice t-tatiooA. Dri•okl cod•r •nd lee them tree up tha.c •ttokr •tl'l'ft. ,._,., perlorfftiMtto a.ad pro1«C Tout motor •cailut tlllt:'no v.ml•h. IIIEW CAl MYUts:-Thofdc&S llm••o•t.ut with Cuite It, of courte, whi.Je rour c•r '' uUI new. A•k I« C .. ito Break-to Sc:n-tce. Au •,t neltlll'lt "lll•l • • ,..4:/ ' C.e l~ 11 "''4• el'll 'f ~ ... th J. l. C.•• Mer~vf•~flt C."'!"ll'f,Jellti W.. M oll l l l .

•

thttt wu to be no reoompon• or hope or rooompen~e tor any of them. 1 oould" nol vtry weU o.xpeo~ mere aoqu.a.Uu ... AA¢11 \0 tab part i.o •ueh a veo&Uf'ti. ,.,. .. - poilll boN thalllblnk

d.., .. 1111111w omphaoiL W1loa I ulcocl liN, Adolf and W. olhvt lO ..,..,, 1 aha woe! them to reluoe l1 1 h~y had any hope ol 10llinc eveo tholr expen ... peid. muob 1- or ,.uinr • let olao,y klrul. I woolocllO a void Lht .U,bllttl&iol ot jobohlp "' lhho atralr. 1 wut«l our iodepiD(ieaoe-, our boo .. et\y, our inser.t. tn ldt~~~ eo be above I be fain tat ntpidon, ptotect.ed, even apln•t. ou.nelvC!I, at a rur.erial 001\< mo"~ or u• oouJd Ul atrord. Only one pc~ntc:m demurred at t.hia eondit:lon and, needl.., to ooy, tho invitation to"""' wu at ooee wit.bdtawa..

The rul• wu brobA iD my cue alone boiOI'O lho olootioo. Bul not until ijoptember, 11132, when Roooovolt &~kod m& to a.ooompany him oo hl1 cnmpaign trip lo tho Fs.r Weet. Dy thol time tho droin of long-dialan .. tolophono •""'-· of railrood f...,., of ox1ro dtrieal ...;....,_ tluvuchouL the opring and IWiliDII' hod oo dopr.locl my modea:t resou.roee that 1 wu oorn­J><)Iod to let tllo Oemoc"'tlo National Commi,too Pt\Y for my railroad tiokoti ROll PuJlmAn aeoommodMioos.

IL would bo Milo lO t.ra.<t tho proo­NMI of &election. natwal and othe,... w1oo. thaL b<onrhtoomo ot w oriPoal .-p I had ""'tot.iveb' oamod lO Sr.m Rotenman into int'J'el.l5ngly inti.mate t..'Onl.4wll with Roo&tvclt. a.nd that relo-­ptad othen~ to i.odlroot oontrihution through me. Throo or four of the men were too busy oo othor things to givo much tim• to the work. Otte or two didn't got on .. o11 with all the others. Oot provocl I<> be un-Loclly peel.,.. tie, •.nd once he had 1poken his pieoo. (•ould ooly teJ)Mt. it. wit.h varia.tton1. Anothe-r'• •tnfJy mnnner obviously an~ noyod tho governor. Se...-era.l, though they were expert.e i.o 'heir own ftelda and n10 helpful oo oPOcific queetioa., C'Oilld add almost llOthintr to \hA) gtn• eM! ch·e and take of ideas or t.o lhe s.lll~l)[ng of a broad. oohcront program.

All this wtu~ dlBCove.rad by a cys­tem of trial and errror-a. system oot. ne• rly eo wa.steful u it aou.nda, boo ••liM Sr.m and I lOOk oo one to Albon,y who wua't. worth at. leaat one ev&­ninr'• inteutiv-o pumping . .And lbo amount of intaUectull T'ft.Dneking that Roo110vclt could croWd into one evo­uhtfl wu a rouroe of con.ul.llnt 11$\.oni.llh~ men~ to mo.

Jll611n_,y Nl1llt Sclv~ol

&m. "Doo" and I woold toke one or hrO men on the IMo-llflerooon tmiu, nrlivin.g in time ror dinner. Tho talk &t.. tllblo would bo piMM.nt., Caisulll. But once we hAd moved ouL of the di.ni..og room to tho study whleh adioinod h­• room whieh I eonoidorocl lhe mooL hidooua in w dil>gily baroque Oov· t."rnor'e ~bwlion-r&ndom talk came Lo tm ~nd. Roo&e'\•olt., Sam or 1 would lhrow a ctuestion flt. tho vi11itor, aud we woro on at an e-)(oitiog ond exhu.ualior oUp.

TM govt-mor wu at onee a studtn'-' a Cf"'Mo6XXJ'biner a.nd a judge. He ,..0\tld lillen with rapt. llttention ror .. row minutes ROd thCU break in with .. li11Mtioo whoao aharpneaa wu cbamo­teri.Htit•\lly blurred by AlliU\oedot.uJ ln· troduatlon or au air or aympathotlo agroernent •itb thetpoaker. Sooaor or lat.r. we would all have aL the viait.or. of f'O~rl6. But Lboee darting quMt.iont or R.oo.ve1t. were lht ticks or the evo. ning'11 metronome. Tho ioterval.a 1:»­twoe.n l~m would grow t hortC!J'. Tho

ttUt~~tJona lhe:rulllv• would beooma mooUer, tnoro htlo~-tho inlalllblo Index to tho amounL bo,.. plcldnaup in \he e"toloa'• 60UI'II-.

I ""l<hocl w covemor. aoLocl hl.a roa<tlona toAd ouPJ>&-locl hlo qa• tloM w tna1<e oure thal every Ideo or bi~o of iurormatloo worth ualnt WM htnun..-..1 bome. I woo hying to avoid. more l.ban UIJ" oilier lingle thing, &l)'othotio oduoalion. Tbt otull' had "' .,...,... pan of -ol•'a equipmton. Othor<oioo, oomowhero, tometi!na, w thing that ovory polit.i· dan '"'" Ukt deo1h ,.ould hop pen-a bad blt'alc jn the expo&ition or ract. or .PC>Iiey lu t!XtemporiUl&Ou.t n.mta.rkt. Otherv.;.. the p,_. would be uo~h· log moro thoD a Jlorillecl cram oooroe dOiicooclto etlllim by the lOll ol the eleotlon toAd fot10Ueo tll....tLOr.

By midnlibt; when tho t.ime eome lO dub for tho traio "' New York, &m. "Doo'' IJ'Id I would b& dona in; the ''isltor-who would not reallu for aome d.a,yt, tn moet. oue&. tbat be bad been oquonocl <lry-woald look • trifte wilted: ud l.be covernor. ~icc

rurthei- quoetiOnll. woulc,l bo MAkiog vigoro\IJ pronounoomeot.e on t.bo •u~ jeoL we had boon diseusaing. waving hio cigat>uo hold.,. to empJa.oU. hil point&.

Tbisporformaneewuropeolocl ~ 011<1 ~· tllrougb the opring and aummer. Wo took doz.ena or poo­plo up 1.0 Albn.u,r Qr Hyde Pa.rk, aomo­times 'A'itb tho idoa thM they wcro gootl ror onlyono shot. and aomeUm•. aa in W..,...oiRalph 1!4bey-ao ... aomio<· joumalin ol ..... L ability ODd ind&­pende..,_beoouot we I elL th., eould b6 oonsirte.ntJy helpful in Cl.dvu.iag ua and hoped thn~ lhoy would become more or1ca ntLa<lhOO to the littlo gan­eral stan that had meiUlwhiJo tnlttll olulpo.

Tha' developmeot-th. cloee ~ ciation ol TUpeU, Ber!e. ~on!U. O'Conaor and myoel!- wM fonnolly ockoo .. ledgod l•to In April. Jun be­rore he lert ror the oonrerenco or Kov­crnon ill Richmond.. Roosovolt ••kod me to wrve 1.4 chairman of \hit lfOUP• We wtre in hil lhde titUne room u hil ho.,. oa 86th Stroot, and ho .... giving oecaaiooal diroetiont ahouL Ill• .-lei"! cl hl• tbingo w MoDullle, h.l.a colored ''ft.lct. tuTMR\nl! tome J)aJ)drfl on n oru.JI tnblo bel oro bim ond t.olking

lO rut at lho tame limo-a proellvity I had OOIDt lO ondonland ..

"'h 106011 a ah&mo," b.el&id, '"that l'm coloc lO hove lO he away lor aJ. mot\ a moolh. But il l doD'\ 1'6t w Warm 8pliJlcw DOW, 1 oa,a."t. ... au' ... 1 oloar lO fL UDUJ Iller tho oleotlon, and I ooocl the reaL btl oro I co into • camt>tJcn. Why don't you fellow• co ahead, jual u thourh l wen~ here, -inr people and eeltiJ>C null' 10-gethorf Tben yov mlrbl-d down a memoftDd.Gm tor me w 1U1dy,'* be lauchocl, "oo I don'lfO' lOO far behind on ~ homework:•

.. Oood. But who, •pecUloa!ly, a.re -'you lollowa'f" l caulloully .. keel.

"' WtU, &.m. or oourte. And 'Doe.' I oup-, You know, 'Doo't' got a protly ltvll hood OD hio tb001Jdero. ADd !lex, ..,.j llorlo. llex -ld 10 on with hlo f..,.lhing, though he'd be good on other t.blng~ too. Bwle ooutd work up aomotbJnR on de.bt. and fi nAnce: you know, nrc and mortcago roreoloturoa and tho oLook matkel. And you put ln wbat.vtt you 'tfant. t.o .nd pull the wbole thin, l()Celher • h. ma.ke. r;enee

politic.u~lJ,t. Which makot you ohai~ roan, r guou., or my privy couneil."

Either the phrase, " _privy oouneil.'' partieul&rly otruek hio fancy or my ln· ,·oluntaty rtectiob to it-A winae a\. we thonrht of whol an unlriendly ne.wtpapennan roigbt. do with it.-mftdo Roo80vol~ dooido th!U bo hod Olruck good ~~lng ground. Ab nny rate, he repoo.t.od it, shaking wi~b laughter. And-now the baleleet Mere~ ia out­therealter mem>d to .... tllo "privy ""'-l-eil"unliiSepwnhor,wben.rli!UOy Kienul. the New York Timee man ooverina- bhu, ooined ib.e o1une ''Brain" Trust." Oy th~'- time tho private joke ho.d worn n li!.tle thlo, &nd ho gltldly ' "'itched to Lhe neo;.·er labtl.

The dAY arter RooeevelL left (or tbo South. Ru, Adolf Olld I met in my oftlM at the uoivenity a.ad·Wcl ou\ tbo work or t.ho nut th.ree 'f"oe.kl. I L waa an amhitiou• program. •

Wo would eA<lh take tho rotrponsi· biUty of preparing rnrunorftnd& on a. number ot topics. Some or thKe we "ould (&tm ou\. to other mtn.tOIDe we would pn:pue oUJ'Mlv-. but in e'\'tf'Y ease we • ·ould be re~pontible ror tbe Mc:Uf'I.(',Y or tlle m&leri&J, whe:ther i\. c&mo rrom oursclvee or from othon. We would moot. and dl*l.ull8 wbnt wo

,...,.. doing wbUo tho work yuln prog­l"f!U, M.Mnwhile, betide.. I would pro­pare a b"""' phUooophlo oto...,..ot­porbapo iD tllo form of a dmfL opeeeh from wbleh .,.,.....pho mlrhllaw he token and OX]lOAdocl lor 1100 iD pariloo· lor opoooheo-lO prooocle lhe delOJlod and tpecUlo memo-ra.nda on acriou.hurt. l&rill. bonking. ftoJUl .. , money. inler­ll&tionaJ dobll, powor, relief, ... u.....a. COYIMmOiltal aeonomy and prtooldoo• tlal pow-.

WUd clayo ..,.j alaht• ot work ... auocl. Berle ,.. i.a Loailli'aulkoor aad a oumbet or otbo.r )'oung men. he lcneJ!t downtown lO work wl\h him on lbf probla:m (I( how to IOOIKln rrozon credit and tcale down the intol•roble bunion of ..,.umulalocl deb<. Tupell wenl to work ou Lbe &&ritf and oo an t.lt.lb· 111 ol lonn romoclioo ptOpooocl iD tho '20't, With Uonry Mofi"GWu, Jr., wbo Wal then chairman or Governor Rootovelt'a Agrioultura.1 Advieor}' Commi.saion, bo alto P"JPared eomo elaborate "ft(lt.fe" for a farm PI'OJ'I'II!· Procleri<k C. Millo and Jimmy Aqtll eootribulocl id.., on priooun4 mon~. M cOoldrick and MoB.tn p~parocl a memorandum on presidential war J)O\\'OnJ- we alroo.dy roresa.-w the r)Ot.­•lb1o nood ror tho oxorcite or omergonoy powort by tlle Preoidont. Prod ToUonl, reeo·mm~ed to me by Ma:rk Grave~, -olt'o Alate budgel clireolOr, ul)o dortook lO prepore a preliminary •tudy of tlle Focloral budfOl. So il wonl. Tbett war& aonforen001, dnt.rtt, ro­dl't\!1•. editingo and oo-ordin&tinj!ll.

Til• Blrllt of o Pllrr:u•

By Ma.y nil>oloenlh. W. Clay tho< Sam Rolenm.an wu to leave to-r a viaiL to ).Venn Sprinp, we had by no moono all tho data wo hAd J>IMnod lO gothor, 1)11ta. vory mpoot..~blo Amount or .it w'L' rondy. l•w•ullppocllogot.horn.nddi .. patohocl to RoooovoiL viA Sam.

It IDOY oooiJy be arguocl thol lhio motorial f....tladowecl noL only -L of tbo campaign ·-heo bu~ 10ueh of tho New Deal it.eelf. But that isn·~a.o­uun~Le. Wba.t. itt propnratlon reaUy did WAI t.(l m~ko ua pull ourselves togotht;r ADd put. down On p4J)4lr & good_.m&o,y Ot ~ho notions that. we bAd been battinc around in eoovu.tiou with the gov• nor. IL gove our lbinkil>g, to dot.e. a local ha.bita.tioo &Dd a namo. Tbe

l)hra.M .. a. New Deal" which wu pub­ioly introduced hJ tho spooch of l\.0-

eapt.Anoo, I fin~ uttod iu the geoo.r"l , philooophieal at.o-ont tllo\ P"'laoed ~hil eeria of memonLDda. Uuu: "Un­Uko ...- de-'""' lhho one hu u r•• proclunocl only a , ... ot tho dit­o~erly manifestatiOUJ usually elttend· lUll. upon tucb tlrnot. Wi1d radicaJJam hAl uuu!6 row convor1M. This is dun to an ordorly and hop•lul apiri~ on 1~0 part of people who, oovt~rtbeles& • • • wan~ • choDgo. To fail to olfer real •h•nro it DOL ...,zy to betny thoir hoJ)OI but mi•undortt.od their pa.. ticoae .• .• .Rect.Q.c.ton i• no barrier to tho rndj<lal. 1~ is " challenge And A J)I'Ovoentloo. H £1 uot lhe p1edgo or n """ <lMl (jtnl.ica mlno): it is tho r.,.. miudGr of broken promilas. Ita uno­tuoua rea.sauraoe. or protperily round the tor'Dtt ere no-. oil on lroubkMJ w~ tus: they are oil on ftro •.. :•

At hurt. wo could aeo. in bla<!k nnd whit<l, the outlinet or tho lint.ional pro­Kf'tl.m that we hJt..d becln llketc:hinK out.ln Lalk. Wo could toko nolo oltbe hot .. in our thinking and gel lO worl< Alllnr oomo of them ~P. What .... lAikil>g 1hape wu dillincliveln thrt"e nwpoo&a.

Fint, ·we p:I"'OMdad on the auumP" 1100 that tho ol'ul()t of our ills W'OJ'O

{C•~tfl~t .. • fl •~'~ , . ... te)

- r:::E: - - -------

••

"Ws wer• doing gnat till "• cam• along with his Arrow Tl•l"

" I ..

• Arrow'• 1939 erop of Summer Tie• are not on1y ca.ty on th~ eye1 bue they're m:1dc lO Jtand the gaff of frequent hOt•wcathcr weu. They're: wrinkleorctitt¥'t, c:olor-fut, and long-wcuin~o 1"bey tic int<l pcr(m knota. Oct aomc u your Arrow dule:r'• now. Swell buy• •t $1.00 and JI.SO. , ,

' ARR O W TIES As 011tstandtit[ as Arr#tll S!.irts

•

E .. y to pack- • ary to c,af"Y Ke eps your doth••

wrlnlci•·II'H

'"'"' llthl- ,,. .. , tlg~t- tr .... , Tocn·Airolt tl Pt\ot~~tttf "'"9., ' "•"9•fl'l• flt &_,.,, twltl rnf11it.-fr•• l•r• -tho11t ,,~u A4id T-~•r'• mt~Ytktwt "Nt•witflt•·• ·tr..oa" pr~dtt t ,.O.I podo;eu f.t tU '"''....;u-111-t~ .,..,-thMt • •f1to oet • t..hud •• ,_... -. Sli410tt"' bt ,,,.., t rdii'IH ucl ,..,,., .. wkt bt..rm l It' • ltkt·~t, Mch .-y • .-. ••"' .,. .... n, .. .u .. , t, 2 .. 3 .. m.

ZJ,., -~·· .. ·- .. $9.9.5 "'S~y Clllef·u fu • • ....,_. h.. $ts .• .so

OU!t r .Mttt "~"' $11$ At .. n,,_, 4.,...._, ~~ Y 6t. lot kolJ.i S.2

K. K••""•nn ~Co. Q...tDy t..,.,. s... ,.,. UIRfti.A"•"u•N-Y•"'-· F.c:krytH-.r\,.H. J .•

'«KS YOUR StJir$-;Pl.U$ "'U THt$1

• ""'-~ • "'" -""'"••· 11 l.H .. .dW., • ""'"· ......... It, ...._,,, 1 ...;.- •• I .. , ,.,.._ ......... ._. ....... t•M•

S/vul ,ACKS JH IIVI M/Hl/TI$1

cc .... .c..-.. ,__ , ... H I clom.,.u., ittlenlal, ud lb&l lho mn­odleo would havo 10 bo loWDal 100. How unotl.hodox l.h)o WN ~~ lb& lime tn&JI bo iudc<>cl by tho amoun1 of bil-1«'11.,.. with wbioh we we~ called ".nationalilt.'' by older eoooomiJt.a.

Sooood, wutbo belief lbA~ thott wu need not. only for ao ext.eutlon or tho Oovemment.'• ~tory POWCir t.O pre­vent abu.~te~ but for tho dovelopmoo' of oonltola I<> atimulato IUid at&bUIIe eoonom.io ..oLivit.y. The former. d ... oigned 1<> eurb ooonomlo pow or &Ad·~ ci&l privilece. clid ool de~ in pnn­<iple !tom lb& llneo of po&y l&id doWll in lhe odminialrallon~ o1 Tb...So"' ~veil &Ad Woodrow Wilaoa. But lho laltor ..mod ua p~lly far from aocleol moorinp.

Third, waalhe nleclioo ot tho tnldl­W>aal Wiloo<>-Braodela pbU-pbr !hal if America eould. oooe more booomo a nation ot IIDIJl proprieton, ot oomer fi'000'1' tu1d omilhi<lo under op.....tin( ch .. tnut u-, WO thouJd lu.vo OOIVed the problOIIUI of Amerioan lito. Wo ~ !hot lhe bo..t of our dillloulty WU the an.&rOb.y Of OODOGnlTAt.ocl ~ aomio power which, Ukot.OAnnon 10010 on • fri.go.t..o's deck, t.oro from ouo •ido to Another, oru~WnJ tbo.o tn it.l path. But wofel~ that&ll)' atiAimpb !<>atom I'"' big buain.., mu•t d .. lroy A.moriot-'• gru.tMt. contribution t.o e. tUebor •t.A.nd­&rd of living tor tho bodJI of ito citizenr)'- Ulo development or mut productioo, We ...-ltbaUqlallty of opport,oily muol bo pnoerved. Bu1 we ~ lb&t oompolidoe>, u tue.b, wu not.i.GheroatJy virtuo1.11: \ha' oompetitioo-whe:o iL wa.t tmbodiod U. an employOI' who IW'VIved olllJI by ..,.,.linr bi.& !abo<, for oum);Q­erea-100 N m.aay abu.toiN1t J)Nvtoled. So "'" tumocl !rom l.be noolaltio pbi­loooph,y ollhelnlll-buotoc.tow&rd the eolution ftdt. broa.chOO in modem time~ by Charle~ Ricluu'd V&n fil10'1 Con· ceotration and Coolrol. (1012.)

!doubt lhAb &oooveltdld more Ulan glance through lhe memoranda of May nineteont.b al W•nn Sprin~. Ho w .. ar. work putting th6 ftuiab.ana touchet on a Jln6 tJ)()OOh th~t. Erna11t. I.indloy ha4 dmllod for bh11-lhat o~b which WM 1o call for "bold, poni•l.­~nt.~])Mimaot.u.Lion "-aad threeahort. dA,y. aftu he bad deliverod It ot ()gl .. thol'Jl" t1niveralty he left Wann Sprillp for New Yorlc. But bo wu 1o beoome [amili&t enough with tho oubiU.nco ol our memom.oda in Lhe weeki atw hit Teturo. •

The oxou~oo 10 AJbony aod Hrdo Park ...,..I'OiliiMd Ia,. lA May, Now "Doc," who wu but)' will> hillaw pra.ctice. could no lonrer Alway• a. oompa.oy us. and tomet.i'met &.m•e new duties usn. juatioo of thoNaw York Su­preme Court limh.ed, to A &ma.ll dcgreo, the amount. of tlme be could givp to polltica.laotivity.

Thut, mora ofkln thin not, h. Wl\.1 Tugwell, Dc:rle and r who would mnko the journey, either by ouraolvoe or wllh an cxper~ in tow.

Th• ocooomic jiUil -loo1 took plaoe onoe or- t.wioe t. wook. .B'ut. I would trequeotly bo .Ued 10 ata.Y over for tht~ day foUowiog one ot tb&m or. it my own work madelha&.lmi)Otllblt, ~ oome up .epara~ oo ano\ller da.Y.

These private ooolertnaee between -olt aod me ....,.. for two pul'­poseo- to boci• putlillg topii>OI' .., aoeept&ooe opooch """ 10 odvi• on a politlcalllitualioo lhal wu lwihly b&­oom.ing & roa,jor threat to Rooeevelt"a nomhu.tion, lho \Valkor aJr•ir.

luclce Soabo.ry't lov•tlcalloDJ Into lho odminiluadoll ol New York Clly bod broucb~ out -....u. fae,. port&lo· ioc to Mayor Walker whiob ...,.. tho •lanai for reoewed demand& lb&t Jloooo. volt remove Walk.,, Bullbewv•llp­tioo cloood on Juoe llnot witlloul a formal rogueot from Seabury thai Rooeeveltl t.ake action and, untU 1Uah a~ue1t. waa mM.e, the eovoruor oou.ld I 'I t&ko •• IIAipt.

or lwo d&yo tho p- howled for Walker'• hood. For two d&yo "" pon­dmd on how boot to aol. Thoo lho rovomor challena<d Seabwy "10 otop l&lldoc and do aomelhin&'." . • • Oa J""" eiahlh SoabuJy oont tho evidonoe opiaot Walker and a d&IIWid for hil removal to AJbaa7. ADd -•tl&. aa ha lad with Sberill Farley, uked Walker to reply to Ole &OC!uaatioaa opiaot him.

A hlltlcol Cou11

Thio bold ooiii'IO-I.ho ollly .-ible oou...., elhieally &nd politically, thouch It eoa t Rooeevelt. many-vote. tn tb o New York State delegatioo-w .. 1hn~, II i• important to rem.ombar, anud tho dltl1'110tlon and lho """""' ... of the pro­oonvanlion 111ontb. And I am o.nly 10111 proud of tho o....U ptu't I pl•red lD " than I am o[ lhotacl thnll~wM •~my IUggllOtion lhnLRoooavcltn1ked Martin COnboy, a Now York Ci~y Lawye.r, to a~:l as hi.s oouosel in the Walker h~ ina> ot A..,..t. Tho choioe ol Conboy, who wu, like Wt.lktr, a.n lriah Cath~ lio &Ad a member ol Tomm&JIT, and wbo, unlike Walke<, had boeo rneved aod outopokea •boot l.ho ro'-<>o of lho HaU, .,.. a poli.lioal ooup. (l thi.ok I GD&Ily loet all tnoM ol tJD&t.w' aW><Ilng 11 !hot point.) Thil wu wbollyuide!tom l.betacL lhatConboy ;rraa to do asupedativejobio ooaohint' ~ .... in lhe f .. t& and law of t.bo .... befoT<I and dUJ'ini' l.ho hoaringo.

But inoa.rlyJuneitwaa im))Oltliblo to foreeoo t.ba.t. tb.ingt would pa.n out well, and the days lhat. we spent wero bAl"' ried boyond ilnO!Pning. The limo, ooa­sumed by worry, by politlOAI !ookoying and by tho amon.it·iO$ B eand.id~t4 mu11t. obtwrve toward hiA: visitors. wu ou(y leas oooducl.ve to t.be prep&ratioo of a. at&t.esrotmlike aooeptAnoo epooch than it. was to a wise, jUJt hAndling of tho \Vol~ ... af!aiL

Neverthel ... , a speech hod 10 bo writtea and, soxnebow, t.bt.t, t.oo. had 10 bo aqu....d in.

h . bad been the govemor'a intentio·o for a long time to aooept lbo oo~ tio11 before tho OOIIl'enUon it.ltlf, i,o.. oteod olawailiur l.hoeu.otom.ary formal notice ali hil IUlDJlUtr rMidenoe. Hit plan oflered two great advaota.gee.. Uo oould begin at"" eari.v dolO l.ho ambi­tioUJ IUk of selli.ng 10 the pooplo a po­litical program .involving much that. wu unorthodox and, equally im,po~ ta1n, he oould Rt oooe dramatitc him· aeJt A\ o. breaker of custom, a. daring. I"C!80luw eharupion ot Mtion, e•tabUah· ing a boltl contrast. with, tbo country's pioturo of 'FI'oover u timid, hOIIitAuL, irn'li!OJUtC. The idoa, Ot. plane dd0 WfLt born ot neces.sity. lie oould not. ve.ry well keep the oonvention wa.itJng untU bo rot from AlbAny to Chi~ by roll.

But a. ·~ of aoeeptanoe wu an important. uttera.noe in Lbo ute ot & eandidato-perb•po the moot lmpol'­taol. h.,.. oot to bo duhed olht !he lut minute. Bence, immediately altor bilretum from Warm Spri.,., lhe two olna bec,t.D a oonvenauonal review or tho id8a lb&• lad boon Pr80Dtod 10 him in l.bo meetilll!' at Albany ..,d in tho mounorand& of May nlaeteonth, From 11>.- two or throe l&lb I ,.. ..

I

• ... • hie to ,.t • ll"••ral no tlon ol w h • t idou he .,.,.led to emphuiuand wluot 1.0 ~dowa. Tb..,, boca..,. itwu ob­viouliy lm~blo lor him 1.0 Ibid • ctu.iel momtD&. to dJotaWit. drat\ a))e«.h. and ~""' I knew hit ptefereoooo, bo uked mo, oat!y in J•••· ... '!arn~pore • ~PMth memomndum toD · an IX• J)Oiitloo ol U... id-ho wished 1.0 ..W.o IUo on-• ,...!em.., I -cbed ID tho lloll"'"'" oliJ)OOcbmokiDr rothor than or eoonomlo dilooul'll(l,

Tho ,..ulL wu nlno tho....,d wordA long. While it wu takinr Wpe, 1 COO• aulted bim ll""'uontl)'. I abo ahowed patiO ol it 1.0 Ru, Adol! 0 Sam ODd Lou1., ukfnr Cor t.helt a.dvico on one point or another, But tho phyoiw lob of writ.lng, I undontood from Roooo­vell'o prooeduro ID ooporatJ.or It from tho ronorol moolinro. ho did not wioh me 1.0....,.. 'lrith tho others, and IWM O<rUpulouoty ......tu1 1.0 -t hit ...w. ...

I finiahod ID tho third ,.. .. k of June. Tho governor road 1\1 with care, making po.ncllod correction• a.ud indicatlot, in the m.urUu, poi.utl that. he waot.«l t.o ·~-- 1.0 "bon;· u he pbnoed it- &Dd tbingo that ahould be om.itt«l for tho aake of brevity, Thtt draft l took b""k 1.0 Now York, wboro J reviJod it io tLOCOrdnnee with hill i.o· ltruCt.iODI.

Wbm li.Ook it 1.0 Albaey on JD7iaot. trip btlore the cooveotion. Rooeevelt. ukod whether I hadn'> planned to ro on to CbicaFro to soo tho •• ehow'' tbere. I told him th•ll had , th•ll wua rOAily onger to go, but that I a~ould be oni.Y - ~lad to atoy ID the Eu• it I oollld be ot tho alia:htetl ..me. to him.

.. No. 00,11 he Wd. u vou go abMA:l Sam a.nd J ean work thia over now." It w .. agrood Lh•t l>rob•bly tbo beet tiling I could do then w•• to ro Well and got. Louie and aomo of the oth6r boyo uledi.O"'hat tho o.-1> was roiDc t.o I&)'.

The Mftte:r ot the oonveotioo, for mo. wa.a 1702 At the CongrcaaHotel-Louio Howo't euito. Truo, there were houn spoo~ in the co.nventlon ball itsclt and in the room ar. the Drake that. J.e Straut had made available t.o Rox Tugwell and me. Thoro •·ere !alb with Strouo, hit BOD Bob, with IJ&l'l')' llopo kin11, who wu eha.irman or tho Now York St.a.to Tw:npora.ry Eme.rgenoy I* tier Administration. and -with doun• ot olben wbo wandored in and out of tbeSuau:uuite. But. moe:t ol the Limo ,..,.. 1J)Cnt in Louie's oomer apa.rt.meat at tho Congress.

How• Pull# tlr• Strln.p

I don't believe that louie .. 1 too~ outaide bit rooms during tho entire period Of the QOJJVCDdOn, There, {n tho confusion tb~t wuhea over ovcry outpost. or A pollljeal con•.-ention. 1he doughty little man worked, worried, oullored. triumpbecl. .tx .. pt that be t.hre• his eoat. uide oeea.tionalty when he lOok a na p , I don't think that be had his elotho.t~ off during tho entire wook. It waa '~moment when his fondest am .. bitiont. the !ruita o!. Hretimo or labor. hung ln r.he balanct. And hia nen'tl Wtt6 raw with ~ atni~ his bocly nu:ked by illn ....

Tbo moa.' vivid picture lha.t. I havtt ot thoso dn_ys ia tbv.~ ot Louie M tho moment RooaeveJt.'a name waa put in nom.i.nation. The convention wu ln a.n uprou. Over the radio eame toundt of aincln~r. merclting dolrptet, blariug banda and the futUe poundinga of &n. ThomM J. Walsh's gnve.l. Louio waa lying on hla bOO, doubled up with au!· ferinl! from his chronic uthma. For boun he bad been otndinr dlreotiouo

to the ltooooveh •tare ma._,. al the -•oot.lon hall lblooacb blo laltb­lulondoompo~e~~t-.....,., ~'-' Dui'IJ!d, W'bom hAl alwayo piayfuUy called "Rabbit." Look!nr at thai mo­.me.nt ot viot.o.ry Hke a man to whom h,.pplneu oould. aevtt come ud whoee noted body oould harcll)' be exr-tecl to hubor tho breath ot blomucb loacv. hAl pooMC! out bet.._ OOUJbo, "Toll them to I'OJ>Ml Happy Oayo are Hero Again ...

I ntverknew-wbetbet f.ou.ie"•inteDIO .. uv;~y ... eopecially lmporlallt. Jim Farley, attar all, wu the Sold manhal. Pn>babiT LooWaebieloonlributlon waa made in keeping in \Ouc.b with •ucb partyloadorwu& .. torolfuli,Wboel.,., llymeo, and In ooun..,Un~r 1"itb lo'atloy and Ed Flyun-Boaa of tho Bronx and polili<AJ advber 1.0 ~volt ana Fll' ley. Forthoreot,thomllliDcaboullba~ went. on lD bill apat1.mtnt. teemed to bavelittlo enough to do with tho .. tuAI po1itJealml\nngementotthoooovendon. Yet that"'"' the p!Mo lor me bee&wo il alforded oontact with Fvloy and fbnn-lnducllur almoot bourt.Y bull.,. Uno about the p-ol their nl!£0ta­lion.s-and ooot&Qt. by diroc.t. wire, with lloooevolt and Rooeum~o~~ in Albany.

TmoUJb U...llrot, I WN able to lol· low thettory of thoatlempt to win over tho del.,... tiona indiapon .. blo to Roooeo veJ~'a nomination.

Through tho seoond. I waa able lo learn wha~ waa being done with tho eopy of tho droit aooeplalloe speech I hod ldt in Alb&ey. When Rooaovelt and -..man hod llnlahed their "ork o.n it, Rotonman telepbonOO it. to roo and I had A at~nogrnpbor tAke it down. I waa e.oonnoual,y relieved when I uw tho tO>t. M¥ ooe lear had been 1luot it ooould ba troruformecl be!o•d l'OOC)I!ni· tloo into tho uual moanillgl ... geo..­aliti.., But t.h""' bad mortly been " reduotion ln length. 'J"be eubsta.noc ro­mAined. 'rl~e peroratioo-thnfl is, tbo last ftve pt.ragraphs-wu new, but. i~ bad been .. d remained eUIIOm&ry for me to make DO attemp\o t.o d:ra:l\ a peroratioo for any tpeoob of Rooee­velt'l. ao J,lways pratcrred to do that part O! 4. III)O&Ob in longhand, by blm~ &rut.' •

Duriug tho ll£0oi.oiur tile dayo of t.he CODYCIDLiOD-. my dUet job WU to gel. Louie to approve thltopeocb. Aa I have suggeai.Od oiBOwb...., I bad ,..n louio ooosmntl)' during May and June, ko~t him iulormod ot wh~t. 1 wa.s doing tn Albtul)l and, ID geoeral, oxpWned the ahape our tboughls wero taking. From thoee lalb bo bad grown """"""bl,r lamiliatwitb theidou-...-din tho oooopmnoeopooeh, and, oontro.ry to tho h:nptW~~ion or politlcal ~06. hebnd no objection to them.

But though bo .admittedly did not <kn1l1r at U... phU ... phy of the apoecb, to my amNCment ho ruped tha-t. tbe speech wouldn't. do, •impfy wa.tn't ap. proprla.ta to auoh a.n oooaalon. Thero followed, then, a loarlul tirade wbieb reocbod • c ...... ndo with the ahou~. "Goocl Ood,do I bovo to doeverytbiug myaellf I 100 Sam ~man in every pa.ragrapb or this meea.'·

So he opit it oul•t l .. t-the thing bo really fait.. It. wasn' t Jealousy. solely, though cl,..rly be ,...nted not only Sam but tho l'tllt ot ua who were gath­ering uouod his .. Fra.o.ldio." It. waa the oimple, primitive dlliro to play a major roJe in the crowninc omtorioa1 triumph or his ldol's cnroor.

It woa d ift1cult, doopit.o A long friend· ahip with l.ouie, to do very muth with him. I oxpl&ioecl thai n-n"""' hod

HOT FUN AHEAD

-and thla year you can own a

GENUINE EVINRUDI for as IIHie cu

Speed joyfully away from ihc crowds ••• there's 1 grand new world of plta>W'O waiting at <Vt<y spuklio~ lake IIDd aunml Go boodng • • • wttb llft EviDrudel Go bsblog , , • whh llft Bvin· rude ! Or picnicking , , , swimmlng , • • exploring - aa Ev1nrude multiplies the plea3ure of ew:ry hour ott the wace.r! Abel t.lonadiog O:lstJ .o Utdc ocrwl For ooly $}(.50 )'OU cua owe • &CDuioe EoricNd.e - 1/w ud tbl., - compltct whh all of EviANdc't famtd fncu.ru. 'Ibe UldJm .. tUI&«ioo of Evin· rude's #~1, lmldl -11111'1/lfl· The hwb«< quiet of EYinrude'• undcrwtcer •lltCl(:ln~t- 'I'M all·wndwt proeccdoa of Hooded Power. 'l"be toavc:a.ic.oc• of t:':oPilol: 11tcri.& aad utc~~oC»t case ol coottol CHOOSI Pa OM 9 OUAT IYINaUDU For "'-'7' bou th..ue b ..n EviD.tude: 1~1 r-ithl !!'.well!?< ot>d ~ , , ,' ~ '!,&In ot>d b&ndy "-lAIIt~ ••• ' br-.Jibnc cwJru , , • 3 power­ful. JUJ)f:Nmootb •·foun". My Eviruvdc may be

pu.rch.Uc4 oo convcolctll clmc paymcou. St. ,..... E'""Ndc dcdu - bh ..,.. is U....S Ia """ - <w.i6«1 ~ dirutory -'"Outl>oord M...,...., Coulop '"" , , • addm~ EVINRUDE MO­TORS, 4243 Nonh 27tb Sttttt l-:lllw-ao. k«~ W{J.cocu;la .CI ~ ,..""..:;~-:o~?s r

SIND POa THIS Pall LITIIlATUU Et'lof"'td. e64DI»e&to> tloJ.• - Bon Gv.1d• ot Lu d• !q 811-lhlm ­Ucct,Dot~>dd­M.o lOr-.S.I«CCM" - f1t.U, ...... ,. ... ..., .. EVINBUDE

• W OR LD PA M ED lOB S 'tAI 't i NG EA S E

.,. I

.•&o ,,.,. , ___ , ,. .... ... , .... .,, ...

WM I N NAJUII WON•t-PLUIO

You Need It! l.Ht') /#-.Itt --'• ......... _, ••• • ...., ~ ---u-1.. .,... ............. ,.u.,.. _., ft4 N.., ,.,.qM ... ,..,...,. ..J

... --4--ur ,_,_,,...

SBNO two l ·)'tv Satwrley g.,.,,.;,., p.,, .-~o~bl(ripUonur rot.~r l·yc-.U JAJ(fl' UtUM

l fttrtldl lul>teriplion'- 1(11\1 al tbc full flrk~&to ( ul.b 11 Yll\l outa.lde your own lw111~ &l)!l )'CIU 'll tt«iv• th•ltllle. ( l •ycu $.B.J>., 12. l •)'fll L..UJ •• II, U. S. •ad Caas!tt) ~cr roocl t. 1J, S. &lid C:...Ua. Pia •ut.crikn' Ulfta a..:l .clcltOkll -iU. ,._, ..a to tW. 64 a.t .U wk~ ~ • 4M&Q' orckr .. CUifTII I'UBUSHINQ COMI'AHY eMfM • IMN..c• ......... P'W&a.,P-

STOP IT QUICK!

~'*-.. .-..... ucbet -.lf .. tlll•i• .... ,.. ... "· .. - " ......... _ - it !8&1 be A.a.~_., food Get

"'· ~·, IOLV!X a.r OKf. ltdit""t-t .fl'""" lu:b.lllr, kiJr• full&l oft lit dHir.IC lfii'OCI <'Oe· IICII lttlpf ht4' l lld fllf'Yfl)l tJWKdll!l• (0 Othtt flilnt Of tb1 bod~. LIQuid or Oloti'MIII. '01 •I """'C l lld Otpot.niiNIIt StotU. Ooo't •«•Pt 1 Mltrdture.

nt• IJf'rllltOJIY .lf.NINO I'OIY

titlle 14 do with the "-'f"!'"'.· buL 14thel Louie the! ht la>ow bolt«,

100 much nopoel for lllJ' loll••• lhaL I could bavo ,. Lhla •peeoh. "1 don'l

w undenland, but you'd 6Jie W>det lholtoou.l

be a oomplttt Aop ar. a i1o ~ I at~~~ed

or _a_o eooveatJoo, It wu MMD • .-t.a m-..ured, oomp,.... henaivo ·~" ao to a oountr)' waJJowlllJ! · lhe depiJlJ of a dop..., tion. Dull. t wu impoealblu to make Louie abe lite preteno. (o) that tbe IPM<h uo.ouilablo and (b) that it wu unooilablo t.-uao Sam had worked on ii, Aod it. •ould have been ~ • - tho mattar 1<10 i:na\ateotJy

1 bleaUI8 then aJJ hia UO• 1poken ...-$meot ap.inat m• would hAve ftorod •P· !could m""'I.Y keep my Rn~n or*' whil~ ovor and over apln, he c)u,atAtood 14 writo "• whole noW" apooct" him.Jel.t~ and the houn whirled byrilbouthiJ maldnr a move to ~. 8o lbil>£15 went olooc.

OD lbo ..,U., 'of July Grot, wo all turned lniO bod, worn out by tho all· night IOUioa ot tho oonveatlon. There wa.e no joy,lD Lbe Rooaevelt oamp that d&¥. l t.., .. <dprobablol.h•lwhuntho oonve.ntJoo na mumod a prett-y gen .. llrol ....,k.,p of th• Rooeevlllt toree. would OOCW'. There waa J)O If"~ Uldng for Ua. RooMvett movemtnt on tbe part o( a cood 11W1Y olataload ... aad at the ftm ti&ft ot wealmeM, It would vanish. J#lli.iaca, Minae&Ot..a and ML.,.ioolppl were expootod 10 lood •• exodu11 troto tho RoosovoH .. ranlq,

·- In tlu Sltcdow of D•f •ol

-'Zb~ nolhiaC l ....Jd do In thai sector, .W at&« a taw boul"'' ~Seep, 1 relurnoclto the Congroas. !We aod I found tllo plaoe tuU ol oeU and doo)>Ol'­ation. Wt ftnt> went to "Doc" O'Con· nor'• rcWmt. 1'ho air was b1uo with cursing It tho New Yol'k delegation. Trunm~ .,.._. more aonOdent tba.n ever of ~dofMt.of RooHvelL. "Doa" waa t~ peooimjatie. He aoid, "WeU, ,.·u have tbo govf:I"DDO''bi.p lix months moro u,.taow And, boy, will we r:ako those-­-- T"'mnny fellowa wieh \hlr hndn't playoo thi• galllt t" Gloom ooigaodiD Howe'• room too. I coqJd aol. even IU£l«<lllbtLouiolblnk ofan-plaDoospoocb 10 bo delivered by a mAn whoeo nomination, •t.. th&hlome.nt., seemed highly doubtful.

Re>(. fl&rry Bop· kins-•born • '• picked up al Louio'•-and 1 started for OJ. conve.n­tioD. lox OAd 8any both ,~, that tho ..... wubo;eiOM. We did noli Lake •taxi &t the Coo· gress. bu t. walked to Wabn.aiL A'leuuo and proceeded to a noTthe:rly dinlelioo two or three bl""kt. At we ...-J o oewUI&nd I pieked up a PAP!t in wbioh ap-­pearad tho ono ootumn that lo probably tho boRl known ot H•ywood Broun'• many- aod probably theonethatbo would Idee moat not to havowntwo. r ..... llill boilior >ith lmlicnatioo

over Brouo't ,..,6reoee W Rooetvth· aa "the--e&ndida ta o( • -volutlna oonvea.tloo .. whiD ... rot. to tho Stadium.

Tbo t.eJl.MUell or the IIOCU\1 ... round lbe"' lt olmotl lndeooribable. T ho Chi· ._ poiiUolano had apparently beau plaDiin{ .,.1 uumbtn of loath.,. thtoalad mup in the pllerieo for the ~of ahoulinc dowo the -veil dolooden OD the ftoor. Tht Dlt;ht botOI'II, the ftotam and joLaam of lhia mob had trickled de>wo from the pllery in I<> the box lOOt. booido tho arona and now they bad bolclly pi'Hmptod oomo ot th.,. plaeoo. One olm .. l had a MOlt of lmpoodlng physioal violence u t.hele ut~ ptnJOnaa- uoftinohinrly ouUtared one.

Oo the ftoor. tho cl6ioplaa wore ..t­oyed, ba«1rard, taut., aa MoAdoo rooo dramatlof,ll,y to """ounoo thai Califol' ni& wu civln1 ber Cort,y.four votat to Roooovoll and aa Texas follow&d wiLb her lort.yoilx.

I have board IJliUlY aooouoiO of tho oiroUlllllaD ... be« ot lhio J».k, but. otw matebin( \oc<!lher all lite f~ meos.. 1 am eoovinaed tha&. \he two perwo11.1 who deeerve lDOre credit for tho neJ(Otiatlont than a.o;yooo e111 were S.m ll4ybum, of T....,, and Tom Storko, of &n!A Barbara, Oalltornia.

As 1100n u wo cou]d geL ou~ of Lhe poet-nomination bedlam or tho audi .. torium, wo retnrned &.o the Con.,-ea.. •·here we }oitled up with .. Doc" and perhaps ft/&y other c:elebraott. Du&. in tbo midot or tho iollill .. t.ioo, I b&­lhougbl me of Louie ud hit thi'OIIIO. I da&hod to hiJ apartment and1 sur& ~noug.h, fou.nd tb.al. be wM 1\lrOIU).y maldog good oro them. Ho bad nctu1UI,y a:ummonod enough energy out or the erannieo of hit fn.il OOOIOIIIJ' 10 101 to work dioLatill8 an entlttly neW aooop.._ _... .And ~ ... WOO DO sloppiog bJm,

Now wu my rnoment. ror black d&­-!!p.air-not. boMUBO 1 had any voetOO Jntereat in t·ho text. tba.L had oomo froth Albany, but boeauoe I bouooU.v b&­Jicvod ~hal no mere polir.ioal gibberish deoignoo 10 IW .. P the weary doJ<eatoa to their foel. would do.

'"TA b U • • , •IQ{~t••rlr* . ,.,_,. t • '"• " •rl4'• ,.,, ,._, _,..., ... , ..

) ...... , .... 1 WI aad, after a oieoplo. ftlll !lou ...

retumocl 14 Louie' a. He would oot lot me look at hiJ opoocb, but, havina JOI it out o( blt q olam, befell more oJJablo 1.0d 10 ooneent.ed t.o five me a vquo idea of what. .,. io it.

1 aalltered lhat 11 ,.. .. little more thao 011 tlaborotloD o( l.bt pat'Y pia'" form lhtooavOGiioo had adoplad, with a few hanal_lan ... spu&I'Oti.Od _., eeeLion.

While be,.... La11ciQC 14 me, B. M. Bar1loh and Gen. Bueh Johnooo a!>' poared &nd, otw a cu,..,ry lolroduo­tlon, Louie whltked them into ~•other room and ~ tho door obut,

Who Johnoon wu, I had DO Idea. Nor had I met Bar1lcb hofOI'II. BuL I -lhat bt had been amoa& thtAUI>' porl«a ot AI Smith aad had abo boon tmnclly will> OovOlDor Ritohie

1 of

Maryland. I woo, I regroL 10 aay, in oo rnuno o.r mind to admit. aL t.bM m~ ment. t.hM hi.t appearanoo a~ Louht'a hoadqlLVten that morniog woo a goo­lUre of loyalty 14 the party ticket, that il had DOl lha llighlal ohataelar of olliJiahn- thet it ,... lht ... of a cood aport. I wu IUipiciouo ot 0... 111cb'o motivoo, hiJ pltilooophy-abou~ which 1 had aooumulaiA!d a floe ol4"' or miainfonna.tion- and bil poiltible i.ntluouoo. r aaw viaio.na or parl.y com· promi110 and expediency ftowlng in to engulf the worlc of building a new party follh arouod tho suoeeaful condidatAto

'W•II hlll6 Word•

It wa.e At thJ.a un happy momont thl\t J~ SLraUIJ u~pped me 00 tho tboulder a-nd eaid: "Can wo let Ba.ruuh 100 t.be aecapt&noe apeeebt We wanL to b6 nioe t.o hlm, beeauae he can oootributfl a cood dtal 14 tho~."

AD the '*''"up teeliogo or tbo put aeveDty·.two hours broke loott then. l tumoo oa poor J ..... yanked tho spooch out of m.y pocket, Ouo' it at h.im wlth tbo words, '1 Plel\80 do I It. wouldn't bo a ~tioo campubm. would it., if the aomineodidn't lACk add trim. t·oaulllhofat.eat&? Thia happena to be what Franklin Roo&ovoU. boUevee:

and ,..,.14 10 10)'. But f'm n.re ho ~·ouldn 't. be tbe ftnt man to cave iu under pre&~~uro."

St.rau• oiruply lookod oowildored-hc told mo later that Lhete re· markl were quite iDcom· prt.hensiblo '-0 him­and disappeared int.o the room U;tto which l.ouie and the othera had gone. Porhapt twenty minute• lt\tcr llaruch emerged, bonm· ing, and held out. hi• hand. Be had read bolh opoocbes, be said. and inftaitllly prof omcl tho Albany text. !Afoot, he thougbli it .,.., ma.(rnift. CCUlt.

I coQid havo wcpL for surpri&o and relict. And when ho $&1c:ed wUlhfr I would go and ahow tho tpeech to a ROOd friend of hll, ehoer II'Oiitude led me to MY y ...

lL wa.s tbut ~t~.~otl met lloroort 8&¥ard Swot)<), wb ... lriondahlp .,. .. 10 be one of t.he warmNL and happieat relation~ ehipo ot lll.Y lite. At tho mom~t lhat. J Gn.t. ... blm, lbi3 oolorful man

. . • ww 118ted •.~ly in a brill.iaaL hllhrobt Milne 000 ot hio MIOriouol)' laiO b,..kfuta. Joe Konnody and llu«h Johnaon Wtrt looking on lan· ruidly.

I uplalnod why 1 had oomo, oat down •nd read tbe IJ')e6e.h to them. When I Gnlohod, Konnocly epoke up And IO(d, " J lbink it io a vory buf1Jah •J-h. Whot do you lhillk or it, Her-bo:rU ..

Thereupon HMbt!l'&. J"CHMM from Lhe &able and paoed up ud down the room norvouooly. llo Mid, "It io a t;ypiw Rool&veh. IJ)e«b-Uberal in tone, .... hlnc. ro....rw. But 11 boo u~ et'OUI tbaract.eri.ltkw. h doeu.'~ .:t tnuth u moadoo l.be people iD the P>rtl who bovo be... CIODiio...,lly lo11'1 o-otrata. ltioo'\ealcnlla'-' oo tc.arc \b4l roveruor otr wiLh &he eood will ot • •••'-' party,"

I knew thaL Swope WM epealdnc out ot tho dioappolntmool he Celt overlhe doiMI or bio lriODd, AI Smith, and Ill•• he wu pt.tticul&tl7 anxious tha:t. ther-e be tome mentron of AL 1 explaioed tho< • numbor or ,.....Y leaden had bee.o OtontJonC!d in the draft and that their nAm4!1hAd boo.o droppedoutin the <:our110 of tht> rfwiJJon of Lba apeeeh­whoLhcr by lto~~em.man br Roosevelt or both, J did not. know. But I wa.s rea.­IIQnably turo Oatt.t t.hiJ blt.d boon done only to nvoid t.be hurb focl.in.gt that would inovitobly bo ooulod by omJs.. liOOJI.

Th.l• M~tmod to u.tis:ty Swopo. and whon J ltlt him a.ad t.b.o otbm, 1 wu roally mort cb .. rful. It .... htvleniac to know Lba\- OO'If four pc10ple in Chi­eaco. ouWdo or Rex and l>)yoell, Ukod lllui*Ob.

Bu1 thai atill Jell- wilh the P<Ob­lem of Loul<t and hio •l*<h· I lriod d01porate17 \0 pt Louie \0 talk 10 me abou1 it, but hti!atl1 retuaed. Be waa IOo buoY. he oald.

PrtUy diaoonsola.ttly, then. I went out to the •lrpor~ to meet the plane in which th• R:Ovtrnor'• party waa arriv­ing. Tht~rtl found Louie wh.h hill dralt, M tYMivo Alt\'~r. ln th& midst. of the tumult. t.hnt. aurrounded the plane niter it.londod. r got. to Ro~enman and told him what wu lll•· Ue wid tha.t. the F:oven1or h&d " oopy or Lhe speeQh_ as tlnlly reviiM. in Ye.ry minor degree., on the pl&no1 and that he would try w R6\l word to hlm to mako no changes. MMnwhllo, Louie got into Rooilevelt'1 ""'· lharing, u he hlld '"<l'Y riJ!bt to, the triumph of that. trip trom the lir­port to the Stadium. T-be rest of us follo .. od.

But IAI!io had no than .. 10 ooo/or willl ~volt in IU tv. Ill p.lh loci lll,.,...booroaml ... oboutl .. , dooleniac erowcb. and th• cov11mOt wu N happy ud 10 btu~y ••vine at bl. r.chniren lh• Loulo oould ooo f.,.,. him lo t&Jk. Ap,...,otly, tbert~foro, Loule de­cld.ed OD ono ot the motL dfllperate and, h . ._ru to mt, foollth oou,_ r.hat I have ever lroowo. Ut undutook to ret. ~••II 10 .-pi bll opoooh olcbi un.tee:n a\1 tho very moment balore he delivered h. to she ooovontJoo. I bavo bani \hil •t.oey mor. t.b.a.n one. fl'()m F. D . R.. himoolland ho purport lllhll:

Alw IU ob&lrman had illlroduaed -oil, Loult bandod -ell hio d.raft ol &n aooeptaaot tpeeeb. ftooee.. v.ll, lhotouc!>IY aware ot wbotlht mo­,..,, _,, 10 LoWo. 1001< Ill• docu· ...,~, ..,,..'-' lht olllor llom hio owo poelrol aiOd laid lllo two booicle -other. Wh.ile tho oonveatioo ..,.. cberer­ine madly, bt. rlaoood ovv &be 11n1 ~of the two apeoe_be~, re.movod t.ht llnl ~ ff<>m hio own emil, ,.pla«d il willl Loulo'e and bepo 1<> rMd.

M ... whilo, I had puohod my w .. y lhrough lllo mob 10 lho b .. k or lho hall and Wron oul my oopy ol tho ll!"""h. ~ JWoeovclt.'t high, ciOAr votoo tx'ogan to prooounoo the word•, I toUowed anldoully. 'l'bo fdOM we .. lh ... ol lho Albany drAtt: t.ho phrl\llto$l Will un­familiAr. Louie, Lho llttlo devil. hlld meroly .. ph......S tho inlroduollon or the other tut~WhJOh, Of OOU.I'tt, WU

wbot madolt-lblo ror s-volt to suba:titutt Louio'e Grtli pace tor hi&. Alter a minute or two, I bep.n to hear IU f1unillu -~- of lllo Albany t.oxl.. So tht ._.. ..... 110 lhe OOUD­

Iry-000 ~ or Loulo'o roclnlll, and lhe romailldtr lllo·cmlt I bod ceniod ar<M!Jld.U .. eek.

Ju lhe -h drew 10 ad- 1 -po:igna.ntl.y • .,.,. 01 wh&. WN happeu­in£. Tho phil ... fb:r d<Miopod by tho ~tile gTOUp thai hlld brought togo Iller wa. now. in tubetanoo, &b& omoi.a.l pol­Illy or tho ataodanl ~r or t.bo perty. ln tho Atnericmn a,vatcm, tho P* nou:ocemo.nta or tho pnr~y nomineo r•nk oqolllly wilb tho pMI.Y platlonn. fn faot~ whonover thoto it A oooJUot. cbo nominee'• venlon of J)t\l'~Y ortbodozy prevAils. Tho dlo w~tt~ out. 'rho doo­lrine or • potentially l[rOOI politicru movement. bAd beoo proclntoood. Coma wbt\t might., 10 fflr AI J WAI ooaoerned, DOt. !WeD l.oUJO'I t.np OOUJd bJot. OUt tbil moment..

B4hW'• Hot$: n.. ...... ...,.fllt.IM:t......W.lt.U ~ .. k_...,.,.._..,,~ • ~..,. w,,,.... .. Mlll ..... "'-"

- .liND THEN THERE W ERE NONE

Philip 11dd: ''You know.l don•tro~. .. ilh tho idc.a. or tinnod tongue, partieu· forty. I'll •~'Y boro with MiJ8 Cl•y· thomu.••

Dloro h01ltatod. Vera Mid: " I ahllll bo ouilo all right.

I don'l thJnk he'llllhoot. me aa aooo a.a your bt.ok i1 lumed, iJ that's what. you're a.rrald of."

Dlort oaJ4: "h'uJJ right, II you-10. But. .., .• ~ wo ou.e:ht. not. to 116pan.t6.••

Philip Lombard Mid: "You're !.he on.e who w~ .. to go into lbo lion·s dl'n, Dloro. t·u tome with you. il you like."

··No. you won•t, .. aaid Blo~ .. You11 •t~ bm:·

Philip laughed. "So you'ro 11W armid of mol Why, I oould lhool you both tbis very mi.nut.o if l likod.''

BJoro said: "YC!a, but> duu. wouldo'li bo aooordloR' to pla.n. tt•• ooo n.t A time, a.nd it'a rot~ to bo don&lo A oer-t.Ain WA)'," ,

.,W6ll," aald PhUip, ''you eoem to know ..U about. it."

.. 01 coWM," lAid Blore, "i~'• a bit. jumpy. going up to lhe bouJO alone."

Philip oaJ4 ooltl1 : "Aod lh....Coro, •-ill I lf.nd you aq revolvtrl Anrwer: No, 1 will noll Not qu.it.e 10 lim,ptt u &.haL, thank you." Bloro~ hltahouldtrsiiDd '­

pn to make his way up lbe tU!rep alope to lhe bola~.

y t e pages o ountry ent eman as ever

..

• a1 e to get

• '·

.• ~ ' '

oowber 28, 1939.

Dear Sama-

we are all glad JOU lllted

fOUl" ••' ot the •Publlo Papers•

and we have deo1ded to le' JOU have

thea at a nrr good prloe -- tl1.2D.

MY best to JOU and Dorotiaf

and the bore.

A.rJ ..,.r,

Hon. Samuel I. Rosenman, 60 Centre Street, Hew York, N. Y.

...

.

•

•

,. I . .)

\\.' \

f.S(; BJ\M UEL I . ROBENMAN

80 CENTRE STREET

NEw YoRK. N . Y.

fu ,vL '( ,~~ ~--

;~~

rJ~

/ Upset over House debete on the FOR Librar y. Hopes the P. l·till make statement again r egardi ng use of funds collected for t he newspaper and magazine publ ication( of the "Public Papers 11 • , ~

\.J~~ t ~ ~;;{/ .

-/M ;:;_.ltLt

S..et.. -F i. I(

Dear Doi'O U171

!'hat 1a a loYelJ pott&l"f Jar vh1oh rou •eat u and 1 ~ t. go inc up to the oottce v1 th 111 other treaii1U"ee. !ha1at JOU and s ••

It na gpan4 haYing 9dl down here to help. I onlJ vleh JOU and the oMlc1ren oonld haYe been here too. HoveYer, I C!o •P­preo1ate 7'00!' letting ~ borrow hla al thotJStl, I tear, I u not u good at keeping &nm the va1etl1ne ae you aref

A fti':Y bappJ Rev Year to all ot JOU and I bope I ehall eee you eoon.

lire. Buuel I. RolleDDAn, 1~5 Central Park Ueat, llev Yor k , 14ew York .

.,

m41/tmb

THE WHITE HOUSE

WASHINGTON

3/27/40

l'.::::l·lO FOR ~USSY

Than}~ him very much . I

hf'.VC been deJ.1t:htec1. to rend t h 1 e

rnt'!. that I \vP.nt t hem for my f i les .

F. D. R.

.. ..

.·

f'5 F: SAMUEL I. RosENMAN

eo CENTRE STREET

NEw Yo JUt, N . Y.

Miss Marguer ite A. LeHand The White House Washington , D. c.

Dear !.Us sy:

March 25 , 1940

Would you please put the enclosed docu­

ments in the President's basket for a r eading?

I t hink you will find t hem very interesting ..., your self.

Encls .

With kindest r egards,

Cor dially yours,

. . •

S AMUEL I . R oaJ:NMAN

eo C o:N TAz BTAI!ET

Nzw YoAK. N . Y.

Hon. Franklin D. Roosevelt The White Bouse Washington , D. c. Dear Mr . President:

March 25 , 1940 - --

I have come to know fairly well one Jakob ~dschmidtJ who in 1933 was one of t he leading industrialists of Germany. He was a member of the Board of Directors of the Krupp Works, the Thyssen Works, the Reichsbank , the A. E. G., which is the German company of the General Electric Company, the North German Lloyd, the Hamburg-Amer ican Line , and a great many other leading industrial corpor ations . He served on several boards with Dr. Schacht, Thyssen and the other bankers and industrialists of Germany. He holds an honorary degree from Heidelber g . I understand he was one of the richest men in Ger many, and was a particular target of the National Socialist Party for years before the ac­cession of Bitler t o power .

Be had enough for esight to leave Germany in November of 1933 . He is now a r esident of New York and vdll become an American citizen next year . Partially through t he assistance of Thyssen, I understand , he was enabled to get out of Ger many a portion of his art collection and, I imagine, other wealth . Be has exhibited some of his pictures at the Worl d ' s fair in San Fr ancisco and in New Yor k . He was apparently a ver y close friend of Thyssen, a nd knew intimately several of the present leading industrialists and banker s of Nazi Ger many .

He has given me translations of several letters which were sent by Thyssen to Hitler , Goer­ing, et al ., after Thyssenrs fl ight into Switzer­land, copies of which letters were sent by Thyssen to him here in New York . Goldschmidt has v~itten an introduction t o these documents . Appar ently the pr esent t hought is that Thyssen at some time in the near future i s t o publish these letters, to­gether with t he pr eface writ ten by Goldschmidt.

S AMUEL 1-ROSENMAN

BO CEN'fRE B'fREE'f

NEW YoRJt , N . Y.

- 2-

--

' I understand that t he Crowell-Collier Publications are i ntere st ed in publishing them anti that Mr . William Hillman, who is the European representative of that concern, is going t o discuss with Thyseen in a week or so the publication of t hem . I am in­formed t hat Thyssen will follow Goldschmidt 's ad­vice r a t her closely on t he question of whether or not they should be published, as well as other mat­ters concer ning Thyssen's future activi ty .

I thought you might be interested in read­ing not only the letters of Thyssen , but also Gold­schmidt' s introduction to t hem, both of which are inclosed.

These letters are very illuminating. They start with August 31 , 1939 , Tmen Thyssen got his in­struction to appear at the Reichstag meeting which was to declare wa r the ne:x. t day . One of t he most in­teres t ing items in the letters i s Thyssen ' s statement that on September 1st, when t he Reichstag voted f or war, there were approximately one hundred members absent, whose seats were t aken by party hac~s. I do not know whether you knew this .

My own interest in this whole episode i s that Thyssen appears t o be t he perfect example of what might happen to financial and industrial lead3rs who seek to block the kind of social progress which should come by or der ly , legitimate stages , who fai l to read the t i mes cor rect ly , and •mo in their efforts to thwart measures of social reform find themselves thrown out by f orces which they thought they could use for their own benefit .

In other words , Thyssen is a perfect example for some of our own leading industrialists and bankers who would be willing t o accept almost anyone who would promise to stop the trend i n American government since March 4, 1933 , with t he confident hope t hat t hey would be t he ones really i n control . Thyssen is t he perfec t answer to their hopes .

S AMUELl.ROBE NMAN BO CENTRE STREET

Nzw YcRJt, N . Y.

- 3-

~t seems t o me most ironical that, as ap­pears from page 11 of the dossier of letters, the decree under which Thyssen ' s property was confis­cated is a decree "concerning the confiscation of Communistic propertyn.

I think that this introduct i on by Gold­schmidt really acknowledges this f act ; but it is a l ittle euphemistic , coming from one who was asso­ciated with Thyssen for many years and who was be­friended by him in time of need .

I know these letters will be ver y in­teresting to you.

With kindest regards ,

Very cordially yours,

P. S. --From my conversations with Gold­schmidt, I am sure that he appreciates the situa­tion fully ; that he sees the resembl ance between Thyssen and some of our Amer ican business magnates; and that he has so expr essed himself to bankers and industrialists in this country. He was present at the rec~nt Economics Club Dinner , where Ickes and Weir debated . He tells me t hat Weir's speech was exactly the same sor t of speech that he had heard time and again from comparable persons in Ger many before Hitler came to power .

•

• •

' . . .JAKOB OOLDSCHMIDT

'

FRITZ TBYSGEN authorized me to use the cont~nts of the

dossier attacned 'ler e t o in any way I might deem f i t . The dossier

consists of t elegr ams an~ letters addr essed by Thyssen t o tiermann

Goering an6 Adolf Hitl er at t he time of the nutbreak of war and

duri ng the subseryuent t•vo months , September and Uctober of last

year . In dec iding to submi t these l etters to a sm ll group of

r esponsibl e people , I am gu ided by consider ations of a t r:ofold

nature : Firstly , these letters cont ain a num~er of perfectly new

or litt:'l.c knovm facts which in an inter '?sting ... ay elucid:lte

occurrences and their bac!~ground i n na tional-socialist Germany .

In t his respect I want t o point particularly t o the protest voiced

by Thyssen , t he Catholic and "Aryan11 , agai nst t he !)ersecuti on I

of the Christian Church and of the Jews , to his passiona te

r ejection of an a lliance nith communist Russia , to his express

reference t o t he extremel y anti-Russian pro~ram of Kepler, Hitler' s

trus ted economist (in 19391) and to his st3tement t hat hundred

members of the German Heichstag hac'! absented themsel\r- s f rom the

fateful session of last oeptember , their plac~s and votes being

filled by organs of tile Par ty .

Beyond t h:f s direct inte ... est , however , t he lettf' rs Sf'em

t o be of a much gr eater significance in general rf'sp~c t , a

I

- 2-

significance not only touching upon Germany but also up6n the

United St ates . The focal point of this interest ls the author

o f t he letters himeelf, Fritz Thyssen .

Fritz Thys s ~n may rightfully be consid E> r ed one o i t he ty Jlical

r epr es en tat:l ves of th~ Ger man Bourgeoisie and German capitalism .

He is heir to one of the l argest fortunes of i ndustri.ali srn in

Germany . He was con sci ous of the great responsi hi li ty i n economic

and politi cal res,ect such position entailed . In relation t o t his

he !'!as heir t o t he best trarli tion of German bourgeoisie . His

aim was not t o elevate himself and his O\m interests above those

of the commom:ealt h and t he ~tatf' but his primar;y objecti ve v:as

t o serve the nation and the country as best he could . His out­

standing patriot! sm was proven t o the ',\'hol e ·orld by the manly

stand ne took i n 19~:1 at the t ime of the French i nva sion into

the Rubr district . He \'·as well al'1arc of t he fact that as an

aft0rmath of the war !ar reaching changes in t he social s t ructure

' of l He within Germany would t a 1<e place , ana he rea lised i n time

t he s trong t ensions present in the country wi t h their dangerously •

revolutionary currents . He wa s convinced of t he fact t hat a

soluti on or the social- problP-m should i n t he f i rst pl a ce be

looked for in t h e sphere o.f economics in or1er to :"~revent the

fluctuating economi c situation from i ncreasing the alreeay

existing d.ifficutties in the polit1cnl field . H0 hi:ict an absolutely

correct conception of , and perfect ···i llingness to do his :oart in ,

t he fundamental chang e s whi ch were to do justice to the v·ell-to-do

cla sses as ·· ell as to the poor amone thP n.:lt.ion . This ho .. ·ever is

the point \'. h~re his failure becomes mani ·es t . A f ailure in '''hich

sna res not only Fr itz Thyssen hirnsP.l ~ but his entirP genera tion of

,

'

' '

- 3 -

the German bourgeoisie . Just as incapable as that g eneration

was in adapting i tsel! to t he ne·•· de'llocrattc for:n of gov ernment ,

was t he Vieimar Governme.IJ t in t he question of how to dr o.w t he

creative forces of the well- to-do and nationali sti c classf!s i nto

the g i gantic pr oc ess of r econst ructi on o f new Germany . Th e gap

bet•:reen these groups was , on t he one hand , t he result or t he

nati onalistic poi nt of vi ew t hat the German Kepublic had been

irreparably discredi ted from the s t art b:1 the fact t hat 1 ts fi rst

' act had to be the signing of t he Treaty of Versa i lles. Fritz

Thyssen , on the other hand , and a ll those of l1i s rank , though

fully appreciating a government based upon democrati c principles ,

v•er e adverse to leadersaip by the social - democratic party " ith its

socia l istic ideas and practices . Mi ndful o f the radic~l events

and t:'1e resulting measures wh ich ha<i been the inev itable conse­

quence of the overt:-:ro· .. o: t hP governmf>nt a t t he c l ose of t~e

':.o rld Vlar, in part icular the 1ndust r iE<Lists fear(~a t hat the

Hav e-nots i.n Germany , t he tlmob 11 , v:oul d t ake ov e r t he rei~.ns of

gover n ment anu t !:lat ultimately t he com~1lete ov€rtbr ow of t l".e

existi ng soci a l anr. econo!lli c order •· .. oul •· r~" sult . This f ear always

flarec up anew whenever , on account or i mpending economic crises,

the socialist ;>arties gained ~round \?hici'l hPavily ~"eighed do\'.'ll

upon the ever unstable sca l e of po" er within the German Hepublic .

Fri tz Thyssen , ana l'!ith him n ,)J'Tierous l.eaclers i n Ge r man indusr.ry

were " conserva t i vel' and , according t o t heir iu+er·)ret.at~.on ,

"conserva t ! v e " meant a form of gov ernment based upon authori t y

and tradit ion , and c. social s t ructure built on hiprarchy . ll'rit7

"

- 4-

Thyssen, bor<ever , aJ_on~ 1it'1 other leadPrs o f German economy~

tho~~ \';illingly recogni "ir.g t:~e necessity o" structur.:. l. changes in the social order of t he country nnd even v;antine to hasten

t heir course , t hey ~·ere t oo deeuly rooted in the tradi tion of

t he1 r antioua l:ed thrmg '1ts and c~nt:-epti ons , to find among t heir own cl:.>.ss t he map and thfl 10ea •:·ho '•ould have been capable of

finc1j.ng , by ":ay o:' evolution, t ht'l syntllesi s , combining old and

ne-· forces for the establishmen t of a better order of thin~ s in the future . And j u st at t"le decisive moments hen t :..ere "'ould nav e been a ch~nce for thcT. to overcome critica l per!ods throug~ some

constructive 10.-·1. t hey ",erl' ever c.~ain p.,ra l ;• zer by the one grea t fea! t h:.t f inally, v:ith the aid o " .Hussj -;., Bolshevism would be the victor in the struggle o f these opposing trenos .

Su ch wa s t he situation when Hitle r made his. appear ance . In t l-te namti his pa rty h <>.d adopted , the t···o leaO!ng t reJtt s o :· the presen t t:lme .... ec'= combined : Nationali stic a.:1d social.isttc . He

promised -- in his book "T>)e St a t e of t i1f' Future" '!'hich is baseC.

upon t he Fueh:rer _1T'i!lci pl e -- that he v·ould C'svou r.e- t'~e t-ro caus£>s t o "laking it; -:me . l'' ri tz Th;> s ~er: ···ho for a grP:. t '"allY years " ad been tr;·ir.g t o r i nC: a solu tion of tl-f?'prob Lem ;"ar. fa:;ciu~te.:i by tr;is novel a s soci ation o f t ••;o mo~ t strongly contr a sting movements i n c.:o!l'birmtion 'l'ith t he Fuehr er principle . It "as ilerfrc t l y

cl .• 1· t o hi m t h;:. t, :'!e as onP o' t::r- 11 !:iaves 11 woulcl ··c.v e t o mi>.~ fl great sucr i ficcs s.lso '01· 1-~ ,F- Le;-: ct. .. t r o f Herr ll!llf·r , but he "a s com: 'ncs to h~vc f ound il: Hi t 1er .::tnc1 i n hi ~ i d c;>as t!:€' it 1 strumr1~ t t l'lrough

•

l

- 5-

v:hj ch i n an evolutionc.ry f,ay ~ nC'I'' and bet t er ore er coulr' be

e s t ablished i n Germw1y . Tht:> '!:'1ft den~.l"d t o h im and hi :; eou&ls , Hitler seemed to :,Jo ssess : He spo":e the l anguage of t!'le massPS v·hi ch t he upper social l ay('r no lon:or knew. Thus i t appeared ' poss ible t o gain th1·ough Hi!"ler, th(' personification of the

amorphous mas s <:;>s , access t o t~ese very :ca. sses ar.C' , mo!'PO\·er , to govern t hose masse s through htm . Thi s is ho"· t!:P. a l liance bet· ePn th~:> rr>!•res<:'.nt~ tive o~ ti'le conse:-vntives wit!: the clemv.gogue i'·as concluded . The real Hi tlP~, t lw nihi 1:1 stic , revolutionary Hitl e r , '.':ho despised all exis';ing v::.lues ano f.-' eas , these conservatiVE'S nei t 1·:e:r coulC: , nor -:"anted to, see . The lioutgroYJt:- s 11 ,

,·.-hich i n many respects 'oecame :.pparent alr ,..aC:y during the devel op-ment of t he national-socialist movement e:.nd v•hicr manifest.ed t hem-selves pri marily i n a hostU.e attitude to· ard t 11e clergy , :!n antisemitis:u , one; in s. r adical socialis:n, were explained by tii tle r again and again as mer e propagnnda, as the n~c essc.ry

mear.s for a ttaini ng t he goa l or carrying off the pov:er : Sugar for the 'nasses . During ai scussions i n S!""l:l l.ler 0"' ; .,_r "Pr pri v te a s sr>mbl'i. •· s , Hitler const antly rene ··eo hi s mos t force ful ana most binding promi ses and a s s uranCf>S that after tal{ine ovPr po:·er all t":csE' outgro, .. t i:s of radicL<l:l SIT' o f a _personal nature , or ot.l-;pr-... i sr s ~-:oulci ho elimiua ~e( . Fi u :.lly , t hose conserv <>.t :i ,.f' poli ticis.ns ano cconorniflts believecl tha t his solenm promis~ ":as "i rmly

gr ounried upon thf' i r alliance v:ith him an~ thn.+ t he g'rott11in~

1"1 thin ti:t ~ovPrnment anC. !'.he upl\oldi ng o f' th& Constit ution ere gutlr<~.nteed fo:rev~r .

&. stl'OLg rr,v. jo :\ ~Y of t ',r con:H• ~v ::..tivo uno middle cJ.;3.s~ partjr·s

...

- 6 -

a t the time .

Fr itz Thy ssen , an i dealist in a clas :> b)' himsPlf believed al~o in Hitl£,r 1 s idealism and in th~ po\··er of hi s ~ers,nality .

He thought t ha t Hi t l er v·oul d prove to be the m:.n •:•ho could mast er any s1 t u otion presentin;:: i +;self , and t hat he would bf a):>le 1t o

reunite the self-dissolving fo r ces o f the mas s e-s in a superior

en tity . BPyond t his , he believed that he and the exponents of ,,·ealt h r .. nd l ea rning r epr e s entee. by him; would hav e it in t hei r

po;··er to rule rli tler in t urn . Tl~ s beli ef proved t o be erroneous . I n th 1? alliance bet•:;een the conservati v e anci the revol~;tionary ,

t he r evolutionary proved to be strons er .

Fritz Thyssen recogni ~Pd his r.li stal<e only 1 hen it was too l c:. te . It i s an eas~, thing to blame him and t o condemu him.

Before doing so, however , one should make it plai n t o onE-self

thOJ. t on the same grounds most of t he sta t esmen or t he great

Europecn n a tions outside of Gflrmany v1ere :-.o be condemned . All of them t houg!'it t h':>t through negoti~tions and conclusion of

tre.aties ..-.'1 t'1 ~~doll' Hitler , they would avoid a horrible end: wherf: as in fact thei r policy l ed to an endlesE hor ro r .

I n a fat.eful dev elopment of events as t hose bf'fore our

E'~'es , it is 16.le to cleliberat.e on tl~e -:u•stion or guilt or , morC'OVE>r , to <!eci de on it . li'rit• T~yssen hi mself i s fully ar«re

or hi s mi ~: t ,· e !:: c.nii :alsn ste:,Js . I n con• r a s t to t. 1ie nume r r-us

•

- 7-

"opportunists 11 amons the bourg~oisi{'> he started the path of

opposition i:nmedi ately upon Hi tler ' s comiug into power , even though

he conl'e ::: sed t o the worle his ch<mge of hPart only as late as i n the

l~tter port of 1939, thr ough his departure from GPrmany . At tha t

time there Wi$.S nothing that could induce him to rf'nain in, or to

return to , Gerl'1any, notwiths tanding '"he fact t hat by doing so he

could have saved his prO!lf~rty and his position . For as great a

GermUL patriot as he v;a s , it cert <tinly VIas a hard thing to leave

his cotultry just a t t he moment ,·hen war ··as dec l arf'd , and to

publicly avo1•r his $tandpoi nt .

Fritz Thyss~n is conscious of his diff'icult posit.ion i n

facing v:orlc opinion . The thought uppermost in his mind today is

the strong desire t o help free i ng his cotul'"ry from Hitle r rutd his

clan, and to do his share in bringing about peace ana peaceful .

cooperation among the great nat ions of ~urope and, o.r therorld . He

believes that the explanations ?~d t he significant points he is •

a ble to f urnish may be helpful in a t taining t }.a t. goal and t hat they

will be o:: grf'at benefi t also t o developments in other countri r.>s .

In such respect his services may be particula rly v <t l U-.1ble l'or the

Uni tod ota tes i n my viev;, as t he volume of hls positive lmo•-J..,dge •

and e:x.peril"'l:ce and , possibl y , sti ll more th,:: lesson taught by l1is

mistal·e:: , may .>e most f ruit ful i n thi s caunt.ry .

Nerr l:ork , March 12 , 1940 .

- 2-

o~bm.i t . Victory, however, v.'i.fl ultimately

side, of the' good and not_..A)t'

~\\ ;\ ~ • · ' · •••• ~~&~ -·

-~-·---- ~ ,,,,._ . ._.....~ ...... _ ---C . I' f r .

I

On August 51st , 1959, the following urcent telegram was sent

by me from Badgastein, Germany , to Fieldmarshal Goering:

•Received order from Gauleitung (District Leadership) Fssen to keep ready for airplane flight to ~arlin stop 1 cannot comply with this order because of unsat1sfactory condition of health stop in my view a kind of armtstice ought to be possible to gain time for negotiations l am against the war a war will make Germany dependent also in the matter of rav1 materials and thereby she will lose her position as a world povrer .

Greeting s Thyssen. •

MEMORANDUM b,y F~lTZ TBYSS~, Kember of the Heichstag, dispatched by messenger to Fieldmarshal Goering on September 20 , 1959 :

1) On August 31, at 9 p . m. I sent t oe following urg~nt

telegram to Field!!Br-:>'"la l Goering (see above)

2) On ceptember 1st , Mr. Hitler said during the sessi on

of the He ichst -1g: 11Anyone who is not with me is a traitor and

will be treated as such , ll

3) In this remark I see not only a t hreat but also an

encroachment upon my constitutional rights as a Member of the

ReichstaJ .

-l>-

4) I am not only entitled but even obliged to speak up, particularly in a case where I feel convinced that Germany is being led into . grave disaster. Kr. Hitler has no right to threaten me when I give expression to my thoughts .

5) Now as before 1 am against the war . As the war has started meanwhile, Germany ought t o try to put an end to it as early as possible, for the longer it lasts , the less favorable will be the peace terms for Germany.

6) It is not ~oland that broke the pact with Germany, that pact Mr. Hitler himself formerly repeatedly referred to as a guaranty of peace. In this r espect! also refer t o Hitler' s speech on September 26 , 1958.

7) In order to achieve peace , it will be necessary that Germany returns to a status vmich in every respect conforms to the laws of the Const1 t uti on. VI here the Constitution of the country is not respected , there i n the end v.1.11 be ana'rchy . . . The oath of allegiance taken by the individual is valid only i f also the leaders live up to their oaths .

8) In the meeting of the Heichstag on September 1st, approximately 100 memberswere absent . Their seats were taken by

party organs. I see in thi s fact a mockery of the Constitution against which 1 raise my voice in protest.

9) I demand that the German public be informed of the fact that in my capacity as Member of the Heichstag I have voted

-4-

agains t the "ar. tihould ther e be any more members who voted as

1 did , their votes too are to be made publi c .

10) On August ~1st , shortly before the above mentioned

telegram was dispatched , the news ~'~ere wired to me that a Mr . von

Remnitz had suddenly died at Dachau . Mr . von Hemnitz was the son­

in-law of my sister, the Baroness von Berg , residing at Kunich .

Mr . von Remnitz had been interned right after t he Anschluss of

Austria, because of his a lleged activities as a Legitimist pri or

to the Anschluss . Immediately upon his arrest l had written to

District Leader Buerckel of Vienna but without even being .favored

with any r eply at all , which is characteristic of conditions in

Germany . I demand that l be informed whether Mr. von Remnitz di ed

-of natural causes or whether his death was due to other causes .

In the latter event I reserve to myself the rig ht of taking

further steps.

Only three copies were taken of this Memorandum which are

all certified. No other copies exist . The copies are still in

my possession at this moment and are in safe keeping .

Letter to Fieldmarshal Goering , dated October 1, 19~9 .

Dear Fieldmarshal General ,

I refer to my letter to you of 8eptember 2~~d, 19~9 to­

gether wit h enclosure whi ch •vas handed over by messenger to Mr .

Terboven, Distr ict Leader, t o bP. f or \•·arded tl!> you. (With thlt

• - 5 -

explanatory letter the Memorandum of September OOth, 1939 was sent to Mr . Goering) .

Thereupon I received from the Distri ct Leader t he f ollowing s t atement :

I

I

' 1) I decl~re in t he name of the Fieldmarshal t hat I

neitber a telegram nor a l etter came into his hands; it was

established, moreover , t hat t r.e Fieldmarshal ' s err1ce did not

receive said telegr am or l etter either .

2) From this fact it appears t hat the closing sentence

in the speech of the Fuehrer could in no way have been aimed at

any particular person.

3) !n the event of your prompt return , t he Field­

mar shal guar antees that no consequences what soever of a personal

or economic nature will result t o you . '

To this ! wish to state as follows :

l ) It i s qutte impossible t hat my ure ent telegram of August 31st,

from Badgastein, did not arrive. It is to be hoped t hat in Germ2~y

a t elegram addressed to the Fieldmar shal will ~lways arrive . Also

my letter dated September 22nd must hav.e arri ved , for other1··1 se Ur

Distri ct Dis t rict ~eader could not have expr essed his position as defined above .

2) It may be t hat my telegram did not arrive in time although Jt had been dispatched by me immediately upon r eceipt of t he order t o

..

- 8 -

keep ready fo r the meet ing of the Heichstag . If t herefor e the poss­ibility is to be admitted that the speech or the Reicbkanzler was not influenced by it, .L was nevertheil!ess entitled to presume ths t such 1•·as the case in vie"' of the situation, the more so , as .L was convinced that I had been the only one or all t he members or the Heichstag who dared t o voice his dissenting opinion.

3) l had never asked you to spare me from persona l or economic consequences resulting from my politi cal actions . .L do not comprehend how the thought of it could have entered your mind . It is true, I have given my support to the party ever since 1923, first upon the request of General Ludendorff, afterwards l have fully complied, for which there is proof , wi th all of your wishes, and of t hose of Mr . Hit ler and Mr . Hess , and a lso of others , but I have never discussed with you or with anyone else any \-i shes of an economic nature con.::. cerning J!lYSelf . I addressed myself to you only thre~times - much . . too r arel y , I am sor~J to say --, namely:

1) when Mr . ~ei tzel , the l'olice Chief of Duesseldorf, v:•hom you promoted to the t:anlr of ::>tate ' s Counsel, distributed a more t han vulgar pa!Jiphlet against t he Catholic Church whom I shall e.~ways

keep faith , and now even more so than ever before . answer from you \':as forthcoming l

'l'o this no

2) When on November 9th , 19381 the Jews v:ere r obbed and tortured in the most cowardly and brutal manner, ·xhen the Government Chief of Duesseldorf whom you bad appointed yourself', vtas rllmost ki lled and driven away . There agai n as no answer l As a sign ot

'•

-7-

my protest I resigned at that time my post as St ate ' s Counsel;

i asked the ~russian Minister of Finance t o stop paying my salary

as St ate ' s Counsel . There was no answer! The payments , however, which were made tln siiiJregard of my request , are noiv standing OJl

a blocked. account with the Teyssen BaJak waiting for disposal.

3) Yfuen the greatest of misfortunes happened and Germany

was ·once more plunged i nto a war , without the opinion of Parliament

or of the btate ' s Council even being asked . I declare with all

clearness that I am against this policy, and always shall be

against it , even at the risk of being branded as a traitor . I n

view of the fact that in 192~ , t hough unarmed and not protected

by armaments worth 90 billions, i called i nto eZistence the

Passive Hesistance on territory occupted by the enemy and in this

way (wa~ saved Rhein and Ruhr, such accusation sounds almost as

grotesque as the fact that national sociali sm suddenly abandoned

its teachi ngs and its mysticism for concluding a pact with

communism. But even from the viewpoint of a policy purely

realistic, this new policy means suicide, for its sole benefactor • wi ll be the Nazi ar ch-enemy of yesterday , though Nazi friend of

today : Russia l The same Russi a in regard to which Mr . 5eppler,

the intimate adviser of the Fuehrer , said only a fevt months ago ,

on the occasion of a meeting of the Central C9mmi ttee of the

Reichsbank, t hat it must become German as far as t he borders of

the Ural .

I can but address t he urgent appeal to you and to the

Fuehrer to cease pursuing a policy which at best Y.•ill drive

- 8-

Germany into the arms of Communism, or other•vise will mean the finis germaniae . ~lease try to find out under cover the terms by which it would be possi ble to still prevent a catast rophy . lt will be necessary, of course, that Germany returns to constituti onal conditions so that contracts and agreements will once more have a meaning .

In closing • wish to express my regret about having to write to you from abroad in order to be able to openly express my oitUon. You will understand, hm.,ever, t 1 hat it v·ould be sheer idiocy on my part to do otherwise, in view of the example s of 1934 showing how political opponents - to which 1 too now belong - were treated. That these me thods have not changed is proven, deplorabl y enough, by the case of Mr . von Remnitz who, as stated in the enclosure to my letter of beptember ~~d, died , true to Dachau methods , allegedly without any visible cause . Novel only is the fact that Mr . von Hibbentrop did not shrink from taking possession of the dead man~s . property .

Accept the ·expression of my high esteem

si gned Fr itz Thyssen , M. d . R.

•

• •

- 9-

Obviously with a view t o t hat l e t t er , the followin~ ci rcular l etter was sent out t o every Bank i n Ger many but was not allowed t o be mentioned in the pr ess .

"By virtue of a letter addressed to me by the Secret State Pol i ce , St ate Police District Berl in, dated October 13th , I give notice to our members for their attention, of the follo't.'i ng Decree issued by the St ate Police Di strict Duesseldorf:

'In compliance wi th an or der given by Fieldmarshal General Goeri ng to Mr . Terb~ven , District Leader and President i n Chief, Commissioner of t he Rei ch ' s Defence, Def ence Unit 4 , the t ot al property of Fri tz Thyssen , Dr. jur. hon. c ., Muelheim-Ruhr , Speldorf , is conf l scated by the St ate Police accordi ng to section 1 of th~ Law concerning the ~ecret ~tate Police. It is Mr . Ter boven, Commiss i one r of the Reich ' s Defence, Distr i ct Leader and Presi dent i n Chi ef, appointed~rustee by Fi eldmarshal General Goering , wo i s exclusively authorized to dispose of the pr operty.

'As it was not possible to accura t ely establi sh the e:ztent of the proper t y of Fritz Tbyssen , Dr . jur . h . c . , or of his wife , I r equest t hat all banl<s be instructed by a confi dential circular l etter to report ·;;1 thout delay and within five days to t he St ate Pol1ce at Duesseldor f , attent i on of ~r . Hasel bacher , Government Chief Counsel , or his substit ute i n t he Office , all accow1ts , deposits and

I

-10-

safes carried b,y them in the names of either Fritz

Thyssen, D~. jur. bon. c., or o~ his wife, Amelie

Thysse~, n~e zur Helle, born in Muelheim- Hhein on

December 9, 1877.

Heil Hitler ' ' The Director of the Economy Group of Private Banking-

Central Union of German Banking Firms and Bankers

signed Reinhart Director of the Kommerz- and Privatbank Berlin.'

Mr . 1'erboven, Comm:i.ssioner of t he Reich's Defence, District

Leader and President in Chief, confer red this vffice of Trustee

upon Bar on Kurt von Schroeder , proprietor of the banking firm of

I.H.Btein, Cologne who accepted the appointment.

The crime of which Mr . Fritz Thyssen is accused (it does

not appear of which crime Mrs. Thyssen is accused) cannot have

been very grave for ther~ is the followinr note in his files dated

October lst, 1939 :

"When on l:ieptember 26, 1939, Mr. A.Voegler ,

Dortmund, delivered to me District Leader Terboven ' s

written declaration mentioned in the letter to

Goering of October lst , 1939 , Mr . Voegler added

verbally that on my return I should ta1("e along

all the certified copies in my possession of my

Memorandum dated September 20 , 19~9 , and that they

~hen would be destroye~ together ~~th t he original.

VThi s ~~uld have meant , in fact , that ~ would

'

. .

-11-

have sacrificer my political cr eed i n exchange for

being granted personal and economic freedoa. l refused

to do so and , instead, sent the letter of October 1,

1939 t o Goering .,,hereupon the confiscation of my

entire property was decr eed .

"Subsequently a notice appeard in the 11Reichs­

anzei ger" whjch again was not to be published by the

press and which i s quoted in the following letter of •

mine:

Dr. Fritz Thyssen , Member of t he Reichstag , Muel heim-Ruhr , Speldorf .

Luzern, December 28 , 1939 .

Mr. Adolf Hitler , .~hance11or of t he German Reich , Berl i n .

Mr. Chancellor of the Reich l

In the German Reichsanzei ger Nr . 293 of December 13,1939,

I read the foUowin; notice:

11ln view of t he Law of May 26 , 1933, concerning the

conf iscation of communistic property (sl c ) (Legi sl ation

of the Heich , Issue 1 , page ~93) , i n conjunction with

section 1 of the Decree of May 31, 1933 (lav· No , 39) 1

and tr.e

l aw of July 14, 1933,regar d1ng t he seizure of property of

individua l s hostile to t he People and t he St ate(Legislation ,

Issue 1, p .479) , the entire movable property of Dr . Fri tz

Thyssen, formerly of Muelheim Huhr , at present abroad , and

-12-

also the r eal estate o1·,ned by him, is conf'i scated in favor ot the Prussian l:itate , with the effect t hat in making this decree publicly knO\''Il by inserting it in the German Reichsanzeiger and in the Prussian Staatsanzeiger , the property indicated above passes into the ownership of the Prussian State .

No appeal against this decree is legally admissibl e.

Duesseldorf, December 11, 1939

The Government President , .Heeder . "

A statement as to the r easons of this measure is lacking . 1 state herewith that no procedur e whatsoever of Court or Administration has been instituted against me. To thi s day I have never received any communicati on from the Governmebt of the German rteich ; except the one , Dr. A. Voegler by order of the District Leader 4t Essen handed over to me in ·hich it was said that I should ~thdraw a political Memorandum I had filed in my capacity of Member of t he .Heichstag ~nd also sh~uld destroy the copy of it, and that thereupon no political or economic conse­quences would result to me. As pointed out , I declined this "peace offer" on the ground that being a member of t he .Heicbstag my politi cal creed was not for sale. Moreover , I have never been called upon to account in any way for my personal or political attitude . Your llinistry of Propag anda even deniect t hat any acti on

.,

•

-13-

against me was pending . '!'he contiscation of my property as

promulgated in the Reichsanzeiger is an undisguised and brutal

violation of l aw , a measure contrary to the Constitution, to Law,

and to Rights. I protest most vigorously against t his measure

and dec lare t he Reich as well as particularly all persons

aiding in this confiscation no~ or in the future, among them

especially Baron von Schroeder, Cologne, the appointed Trustee,

as personally responsible to me . The time will come v:hen my

rights will irrvocably be restored to me . l specially v;arn

of touching any of my wife ' s property, or that of my children,

t he Count and Countess Zichy, or my father ' s bequest, August

Thyssen , t o whom, among ot hers , Germany owes in the first place

the greatness of her industry.

Ky conscience is clear . I feel free of any gui l t . My sole

error was that l believed in you, Adolf Hitler , as t he Fuehrer ,

and in the movement you led; believed ~~th all the ardor of one

passionately German. Si nce 1923 I have indorsed t he national­

social~stic movement notwithstanding t he heavy sacrifices tha t

were required of me; I solicited membership for t he movement

and fought for it, without ever wanting anythin~ for myself or

asking f or anything, al~ays filled with the hope that our unfortun'1

ate German ·people would be helped. When the national- social i stic

regime came into power, the initial developments seemed to justify

my belief, at least as long as Mr . von .Papen t o whom, after all ,

you owe your appol ntment as Chancellor by Yr . von Hindenburg ,

President of thr Reich, was still Vi ce-Cnancellor . It ~as he

- 14-

before ~om you took a solemn oath in a sacred place - t he Church of the Garrison of Potsdam - t o uphold the Constitution. Don ' t

forget that your rise was not the result of some great revolutionary deed but was owing to the country ' s liber al constitution ~ whi ch

you are bound by your oath.

In the course of time however a disastrous change took place . At an early stage already l felt it necessa~y to voice my protest against t he persecution of christianity in taking brutal measures against its pri ests, and in insulting its chnrches . I di d so for i nstance when the Poljce President of Duesseldorf distributed a more than vulgar pa~phlet agains t the Catholic Church . I voiced my

protest i n a letter to Fieldmarshal Goering , using the strongest l anguage . But without r esult .

when on November 9t h , 1938, t he Jews were r obbed and tortued

in the most cowardly and most brutal manner, and their synagogues I

destroyed all over Germany, I protested once more . As an outward sign of my protest I r esigned my post as Counsel of t he State.

This t oo brought no answer.

Now you~ have concluded a pact with Communism. Your

Propaganda Ministry even dares t o say that the good Germans who gave you their votes as the professed opponent of Communism are, i n essence , identical with the Russi ans , those bloody r evolutionari es who have plungedRussia into such misfortune and whom you yourself

cal led "b}.oodstained common criminaJ.s 11 ( 11l.fein Kampf" , page 750) .

• • -15-

When the greatest of all disasters occUDred, t ha t is, lfhen Germany was once more plutJged i nto a war, without Parli a.mf'nt or t he otate Council even being asked their opi nion, I declared With all clearness that ~most vigorously reject this policy .

Being a member of t he Rei chstag, it is my duty t o express my

vi~w and a l so t o stand f ar it. It i s a crime against the German nation if t heir men and parti cularly their delegates behind whom you seek protecti on f r om world opinion, a r e no longer allo'IJed t o open ly speak thei r minds . L do not submit t o such for ce . I refuse t o cover your actions wi th my n£me - - even though you declared in

t

the Rei chst ag Session of beptember 1st , 1939 : 11lie who i s not 111i th me is a traitor and will be treated as such . 11

I refuse to indorse the policy adopted of late and in par ticular as regards t hi s war into which the German n~tion has been plunged so frivolously and for the horrors of which you and your advisers will be held responsible. As t o the accusation of bei ng a traitor , l am immune to it in view of my past l ife . In 1923, unarmed and not paying heed to the danger s threatening my life , I called into existence the Passive Hesistance on terri tor y occupied by the enemy, and thus saved the Rhein and the Ruhr . l s tood befor e an enellliY Court Mar tial and openly spoli:e my mind as a German . Now it is just this adher ence to my belief t hat makes it i mpossi ble for me to abandon t he true i deals and t~ e original teachi ngs o~ nati onal socialism which as you pronounced yoursel f when you ~··ere at my house , was t o lead back t o the monar chy - - l eaderhsip bY t he Germans and

'

•

-16-

monarchy, in their essence, are identical -- and t hrough social

justice to permanent peace \Yi thin the country . I may remind you that with such object in mind you charged me with erecting at

Duesseldorf the Insti tute of the Guilds though, oreyear later, you

completely relinquished the idea and you even permitted that the

Chief of the Institute who had been appointed by me and in agree­ment with your Mr . Hess , vtas interned in your notorious concentratioll camp at Dachau. It was that same ila.\iliau 'Nhere my nephe;7 a~ died

suddenly . Of his castle, Fuschl near Salzburg , you made a present t o Mr . von Ribbentrop who was not ashamed of himself to recej ve

there the Foreign Minister of Italy ' s King and envoy or Kussolini.

I want to call to your mind also the fact that you surely

did not delegate your Mr . Goering when calling in Rome on the Holy Father and at Doorn on the Kai ser , to get t hem both prepared for

your impending alliance w1 th communism. And yet you suddenly entered into t h i s alli ance and thus committed an act that nobody would

have condemned more strongly than you did in your book 11liein

Kampf", older edition , pages740 - 750 . There you said: 11Thus in the fact of an alliance with Mussia t he di rections for the start of the next war are already indicated . Its outcome woul d be the end

of Germany l " Or : "The men a t present in power in Russia do not even

think of honestly entering i~to an alliance and even less do they

think of adhering to it . " Or: "One does not however conclude a

contract with a pa rtner who• e sole interest i s t he annihilation of

•

..

• • -17-

the other one . "

' Your present policy is equal t o suici de . lts benefi ciary will be the Nazi arch-enemy of yesterday who is the Nazi f r i end of today -- unless the valiant Finns with their trust i~ .God r everse

• all prophecies -- namely Bolshevist Russia; the same Russia in r~spect to which your intimat e advi ser, Mr. Keppler, Secretary of ~tate in the Foreign Office and outstanding di plomat, said as late as May 19~9 , on the occasion of a session of t he Central Committee of the Reichsbank that she must become German as far as the borders of the Ural , I do hope that t hese words so openly expressed by that trusted diplomat will not tend to weaken the strong impression yo~ur

so sincerely meant birthday cable must have made upon your new frind Stalin ,

Your new policy; Kr, Hitler, is driving Germany into an

abyss and will result in the destruction of the German nation. Turn back as long as this is still possible . Your policy i n its final stage will be a "finis germani ae . 11 Think of the oath you have taken at Potsdam . Give back to t he Reich a free ~arliam ent, give back to t he German nation freedom of conscience, f reedom of thought, and freedom of speech . Procure t he guarantees necessary for r estor ing t heir meani ng to right and t o la•r, and for laying

t he foundation upon wh1 ch treaties ahd agreements can be built again and be trusted . Then it will certai nlY still be possible for Germany , if only further disaster is prevented , and useless bloodshed is stopped . to conclude an honorable peace that will save :!It s unity .

-18 -

World public opinion pr esses for an explanation of t he . reasons that prompted me to leave Germany . I have not spoken as yet . All the documents and writ ings produced during a struggle of mor e than 15 years will be kept secret . I do not intend, at a time when my fatherland is struggling so hc.rd , to furnish the enemy with moral weapons . I am, and always shall be, German with a ll my heart , with all my thoughts and eodeavors • . I profess proudly and loudly my German nati onality and shall conti nue to do so t o my last breath. Just because I am German , .J. neither want , nor have a right at t his moment when my people are in deepest di stress, t o speak up in public, though t his might be t he thing to do some day , for the sake of t ruth . But in my call I want you to hear the voice of the · tormented German nation that cries out to you: 11Turn back, let freedom, right and humanity rise again in the German Re ~ ch . 11

I shall keep silent , I shall wait to see what you are going to do; making it a condition however , that this letter will not be kept from the German people . I am wai ting . Should the German nation however be kept in i gnorance of my \70rds , which are the words of a free and upr ight German, then I shall call upon the conscience of the worl-d and shall let the ":orld pass judgment . I am waiti ng .

"Heil Germanyu

Fritz Thyssen

P.S. I am going to hand this letter over to th~ German Legation at Berne t o forward ' t to you and , in addition , am sending a r-opy

• I •

'

•

- 19-

by register ed mail to the Chancellery of the ~eich at Berl in and

another copy to your personal address at Obersalzberg near Berchtes­

gaden. I am forced t o take such measures because it has been

off i cially stated that my l etters and telegr ams addressed ~to

Fieldmarshal Goering never r eached him.

Copies will be received also by:

Fieldmarshal Goering ,and Government President Reeder of Duesseldorf

who decreed that my property be confiscated . Bar on Kur t von Schroedei

of Cologne, allegedly the present administrator of my pr operty,

wi ll receive copy of the first paragr aph of this l etter.

• ---

"••' a UJte to tbank JOU .._r eo

•uoh ror 7Dt11' ntul.lJ' a.toe letter. fbd

wa• a lo•el)' peaoetul 8aa4q aa4 noh n.

to ha" 70u and Dorotb7 d Bid• Park w1tb

••· we IIIDIII' 4o 1 t again eoon.

Kr b••' to J'OU all.

Honorable S..oel I. Boeen.·a. 138 C•tral Park Vtt•'• lew Yort. Rev York. •

psf: , ·"' ·'"' ,

mal/tmb

..

'

"

....

-. .

8 AMU E\.. I, '-08CNNAN

o~u•nc:c

.JUSTICE'S CHAM BERS

NC W YORK COUNTV COURT HOU•E. NIEWYOAK , N . V ,

-

• JUSTICES CHAMISEI'lS

Nlt.W VOAK COUNTVeOUAT HOU•E NIEW VOA~ . N . V ,

c4,_._ ~ r, '"'-~~ ~,: .?L ~ £;_, u~. ~/~ ~4r~~ -1~ & ~~ ~~--.A_ I '-lf~ ~~ ~~ ~ itz /L.U'<r- A~~~ &~~ ~~ -z~,~ ~.1/.- fd-~ ~ ~~ ~,__~ A.r ~ V\.--v-vo--v~ ~ A -t:l M G~ .a"-~

7 ~ w~- .. h. ~ ~ /'~ ;z:; _A/;;;:c;,., ~ 7

I

~ IL~~r~ ~ fl~::rvr~-, ~ ~ ~ ~ tt;_ ~ - I ~~~~ ~ ~~/~·~~A-

.; 1.-A-~---~·~G:L/ ~~ ~ ~~ '1 /fl.{.

1'_, ~~' .! ~"-'-< 1 .;, &~ ~ . ~ --~ ~ ,...rv ~y~ ~

l-

SAM UCL 1. R081H'-4AN

JU8TtCES CHAM81UtS

NCW VOAK COUNTV COURT HOUSE. NEWYOAK , N . V,

-· fo'ul'ntne U!aurl or u, ..

~!tth• of.Ncw!f.nh --<v,

8AM U CL I. AOSCHMAH .JU8 TIC C

.·

f.

.JUSTICE"$ C HAMOCRS

Nlt.W VO RK COUNTY COURT HOUSE. NEWYORK . N . v .

•

' '

• •

J~ G./ THE WHITE HOUSE IJ WASHINGTON " 1\}-j I

Hovernber 25 , ~910 r::::?t.O:tA.~DUil POR

:lOti . ::::D~·:AP,.:) J FLYNN

To rpc.nl~ to me rb011t .'lfter

y :>•; -·e t bac}; . ' '

•

F . D. ~ .

'Enclosures

$Lrl'renu I!J'attrl of Uy ..

~.tat~ of .N~urJ~h

~

I

SAM U I L I, R08CNMAH Ju• nc •

Miss Malvina Thompson , White House , · Washington , D. c.

Dear Malvina:

\. i It • , .n -' · _,.,.,

.J U STICit 8 CHAM BIERS

NCW YORK C::OUNTV COURT HOU•E NEWYORl( , N , V.

November 18, 1940 .

I do not know what to say about this enclosed file which you sent me . Judge Lewis while he wes on the bench had a fair reputation. He was denied renomination at the end of his term; but I do not know the facts . He ran independently but was defeated by the regular nominee. At the time he ran the Bar Associations and the Citizens ' Union endorsed his candidacy . I do not think that Mrs . Roosevelt would be making any mistake in trying to help this man but I am really at a loss as to what to suggest she might do .

With kindest regards ,

Yours ~~inoerely,

I

Dear Mrs . RooeeYelt : -September 1Gt h , l940.

Your kindness is deeply f elt , The enolosed tell s the s t ory. I t i s well known at the bar .

I~ husband worked & l~te time t o get on the •

• Municipal Court benoh. Ke was eleoted in 1927 . He serYed a

• :f'ul.l term of t en years. He made a " most able, use1"111 , im­.,.. pa~al and l istinguished reoord "·

At the ead of his t erm the loca l dist rict leaders ( under the cont r ol of a man since indi ct ed and conviGted; but then the most power i"ul di s t rict leader in our community- James Hines ) told my hu.sband to his face II that he would haTe to get off the benGh because he would not take contracts from the distri ct leaders.

So ----" BECAUSE OF HIS REFUSAL TO BE SUBSERVIENT TO DE.MABDS OF POLITICIANS HE VIAS REFUS.Ii!D REDESIGNATIBN BY THE POLITICAL POVlERS. THIS CHALLENGE TO THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE JUDICIARY CALLS FOR CONCERTED ACTION BY AN ENLIGHTENED BAR. " (N. Y. Coun.,ty Lawyers' AssN. )

This same group of local district leaders are still in oontrol of our section ( washington Heights) , Con­sequently my husband one of t he longest serving democrats in the community cannot get their backing. And i t seems so far as his party is concerned r ecognition by anyone from the Pres-

1' ident down i s i19Pssible without such sponsorship ,

You will find that my husband has t he t he en­dorsement of ever y recognized a.uthori ty for character s.bH.i~y

and r eputat ion . But if a local l eader does not give you an 0 , K. the Count y l eader will not eadorse you; and it the County

...

leader will not submit your name you oant get recognition .

That has been the aotual experienoe o~ my husban4.

The faots are al~ availaba~ .

Bow unless my husband gets back intp publio of~ioe

within f ive years of 1937 he cannot save his small retirement

rights .

Just now ~or example there is a vaoanoy in our own

district on the very bench from which my husband was exited.

It is acknowledged that he is the most qualified man in the

distriot for this very short appointmeny. Indeed by every

token of Democracy he should be the candidate . And if you

want to see how politicians are manipulating nominations for

this "Poor Man ' s Court , just look into this situation.

Well men like Charle E . Hughes Jr., George Z Medalie

and the ~or ' s ~ormer partner and personel oounsel - JU4ge Sicher

have asked the Mayor to do something to redress the i njustice

to my husband. But we dont know what the Mayor will do . Not­

withstanding the walker appointment . And there is adred about

bothering the Mayor about these things ; EVEN ON THE RECORD OF

A MAN. I know you are most busy and hes itate to go into

imprtant details . But I do hope you have some one verify my

husband's experience .

When men like Judge Knox, upon whose a~fection

my husband has no ol~, tell him that he is the only living

example of virtue being its own reward you will get some not­

ion of how I feel .

I cannot believe that if the President knows this

case ( particularly tn view of his note in 1930 to Hon. ! enry

\

U<:> r genthau Sr . ) he would not f ind some apointment tor which

my hu~band i s qualified . Please dont think I am presumptoua-

but there must be a way of getting the truth before a fear less

and fairminded leader .

Now if my husband geto back- aside from any vindication

-he will then be in a position to pay up some $9 , 000 . 00 in

' a rrears on his pension contributuions , and become entitled to

a City pension of $2100 . 00 . He could borrow from the pension

fund some $5800. 00 anf get a pension pf $1700. 00 . But regard­

less of the great difficulty in raising the money he has to get

back to at l east be i n a posit i on to save the Ci ty• s contribut­

ion to his pension, which we are told is worth $15000. 00 .

Please be good enough to call on me fo r any further facts .

Of course you will ob~ve that the Governor or the Mayor also

have the opportunity to do something. And some outstanding men­

not- politicians- have also written st r ong recommendation to

the Governor? You know more about how these things work however

than I do .

Had I the sli ghtest doubt about the disgraceful

treatment a f ine man re adved &s t he punishmeny f or pl a i n honesty

I would not dare to write you.

Again thanking you ; and asking for your ear ly

' consideration , believe me

....

Sincerely

I

•

,I#.

>

CITIZENS UNION OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK A UNION OF CITIZENS, WITHOUT REGARD TO PARTY, FOR THE PURPOSE OF SECURING THE

HONEST AND EmClENT GOVERNMENT OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK

OFFICERS WM. J AY SCJtl l,IUI , , • , CHA.IIU .•

ALIIOf I , lAID , • , l L.t•cOLM cao•wuL , • WALTII FUIIII • • ' ' VICli·CHAIIWIH Mllll, JAU I l.UI LAI OLAW WIMITON ,AUl . , , , HAUIIT T, RICHUI • • JOSI,I!I 0. MeGOLU.ICI • TUAJVU.I GIOIII H. HAU.&Tf, Jl. • IICJ:ITAif SA• un o . S• oLttr El.lAMOII C. TAIIIII I JOSIPH [CkDT , £owuo w. WlltMT

AIIIITAJIIT StCIUAIY • • O"ICI .. ,.,. ...... .. ._ •• UUI P StCII"TAIT

41 PARK ROW. NEW YORK TILIPHO)II IUCt.A'f 7·0S.U

~IU

Honorable David c. Lewis, 427 Port Washington Avenue,

Bew York Cit7

Dear Judge Lewis:

EXECUTIVE COIIII ITTEE

0AaA CO.WIIII IACilUI S . STUln .C111n1a MIL TOM II. IUIII. AJI Mat. UIUIU O ,UNI II GIOIIII A, IOIHM IA .. UIL H, OIDWAYt J l . LUC.ILLI J, IUCHAMAIII ITUMU K. ltAPP

IUJUIJI DIITQI IIOJin A. ltOIUILOO• HIIIT rutC:MU WAUACI I . IAfl l

8UMAU H .. IMlO, DOI OTMT ITU UI

WALTII M. HUUCU

O.UIM G, JUDO

l AUIUCI AIIIOL.D TANIII

(OWAID It, WMITti .. NA•

September u ·, 1937

I take pleasure in int'orming ,.ou that the Cithena union is supporting 70ur candidac7 in the Demooratic primar7 contest tor Juatioe or the Municipal Court 1n the Seventh District, Jlanhattan. The Union ia giving out the following statement ot ita poaition tor publication in Wedneada7'a newapapera:

lltJJIICIP.A.L COURT

seventh Dietrict, Jl•nhattan, Democratic Pr1.Ju.r7

"DAVID C. LEWIS atrongl7 reco..ended. In reapeot ot character, per aonali t7 and legal ab1li t,., Judge Lena is one ot the outatanding judges on the MUnicipal Court bench. Hla ~rightneaa and independence have apparentl7 diaqualltied him in the e7ea ot the local Democratic machine, which has denied him a renomination. Thia presents an iaaue or the tirat t.portance tor tbe decent Democratic votera ot the 7th d1atrict, the iaaue ot club­house control ot the court a. The machine will win lt the decision ot thia iasue ia lett to the clubhouae vote; it ia bound to lose 1t the larger body ot independent voter• doe a ita dut7 b7 going to the polla on pr1Mr7 da7. The votera of this diatrict bave an opportunit7 b7 renominating JUdge Lewia to atrlll:e a blow tor good government and tor tbe integrit7 or the courts which will redound to the benefit ot the entire oi t7."

GHH:O

J

...

'

NEW YORK COUNTY LAWYERS' ASSOCIATION

October 4th, 1937.

Dear Member:

The Honorable David C. Lewis during his ter m on ' the Bench has proven himself to be a most capable and competent·.

jurist . He has earned a reputation tor unimpeachable integrity. Because of his refusal to be subservient to demands of politicians he was refused redesignation by the political powers . This challenge to the independence of the judiciary calls for con­certed action by an enlightened Bar .

This letter is a non-partisan solicitation to join those now active in sponsoring the re- election of Justice Lewis to the Municipal Court, Seventh District of the Borough of Manhattan, as an independent candidate .

Your cooperation is necessary to successfully meet the challenge that is ours; a challenge to the ideals and principle~ that we cherish. Justice Lewis needs volunteers t o forward his campaign . He needs contributions for campaign purposes.

With the authority of the officers of this Asso­ciation, we earnestly request your offers of personal help and contributions to Justice Lewis ' Campaign Committee, of which John M. Keating is Treasurer. These may be forwarded to the under­signed at 11 Park Place, Manhattan; but checks shoul d be made payable to John M. Keating, Treasurer.

Yours for the Independence of the Judiciary,

A. ALAN LANE,

Chairman , Committee on the Municipal Court .

'

Report of Ohc.rles E. Hughes , Jr . President N. Y. Co . La~~ers Ass 1n . 1939

Min connection w!th the last election the Asaocnt!on took ~n unusual ste~, feeling that unusual circumstances demended it , !~ making a non-partisan campaign :or one of the candidates for election to the l.:unic1-oal Court . Justice David C. Lewis had com~leted a full electlve term as Justice of that court. He was known among members of the Bar to have a fine legal mind and had been most conscientious in '~he discharge of his duties. He was not renominated ·oy his own :;>arty. Hr . Justice Lewis !)Ubl1cly stated that the ree.son he was not renominated was that he declined to discuss pend1Qg_cases with district leaders, anO. this was not denied. Ou~ Comm1 ttee on the l.!unicinc.l Court concluded that the fact e s stated by i.ir . Justice Lewis \vas clearly established. I t reported:

"His inde-oendent a ttitude toward -oolitical . . utt.DKK interference has caused his failure to be redesignated. The committee can find no reason and no merit for such refusal to re­designate him. Tne situation is p~parently ~ue ~ to a re:9rehensible attitude of ~nrty politicians , threatenin~ the independence of our jud1ci£ry. Justice Lewis is running an independent campaign for re- election and the committee is rendering ~ctive support. He is an excellent justice Rnd pe deserves active support for re- election. "

The officers of the Association, feeling that t his case r aised questions going to the integrity of the judicial function and the inde:9endence of the judiciary from poli t ical influence, concluded that K the ful l -oower of the Associ ation should be marshalled behind the effort which the Committee on the Hunici-oal Court had already undertaken and authorized the Chair::c.n of that Co~~ittee to nddrese a letter to the entire membership asking active support in the form of voluntRFY service as camoaign workers, we.tchers , etc., in ·oehEtlf of ~1r . Justice Lewis and. in soliciting contri"outions to his C8Jll!)aign fund. That action was ra.tified by the Board of Directors and many oembers of the Association participated actively in or made contri"outiona to that cam!)aign. The odds were too heavy an~ the effort was not succecsful ; but i t was a \'.'Ol'thy effort and \"le may entel'tein strong hope that it s effect will outlive the immediate occasion . T:us is not the first t i r::e that the orgt>nized Bar has risen in denunciation of poll tical interference •:;1 th judicial f\.tnctions ; nor, political conditions bei ng what t.hey are , is it likely to

\

be the last . Some of its past efforts h~.":'e e>.!cCePded; ~T.i!ers 1 have ft>.i l ed. \'tnat i s important is that the reaction of the Be.:- j to any such attempt be instant and vi gorous; that not a single instance of this sort be ~ermitted to uass unres1sted. !~ t!ree , T.he 1 e a 0 0'1 ''111!. ::link in . •- · 1 The Annual Report s of Officer s and Stand~ng Comr1ittees !'.c:>ort o~ i;l-te Presic.cnt - Charles E. Hughee , Jr. Presented at tj1e Annual Ueeting - l!t:cy 19, 1938. Pages 126- 12? . i

J

ll"~ 0-' ot \lie

Shte ot J ew YOI'tr

non . ll8'11d c. l.ewla J'ltatloe ot tho ,.Uil1o1pd coun u Reade s weet t:ow TOJ'k 01 ~

Doar Judge IA•ht

ruu ... Cb ••• new Yw4r Oewa" Coun nou ..

Jew To.tr, 11 . Ye

l hlln d w11ya fel t thnt a dtUca J\aiS .. ahould not partlolpate ln any polltloal oontP09erale•1 and tt haa been rq po1lo7 to Plfral n t'Polll d01D6 eo. r'l'ba QU.It1oa beN 1.n­'f'Ol<red1 howewr , h not at all polttlod ln oba•aot... I do not rnn lraow 11bo your oppoa1at 11. 1111 I 1mow h thAt I am t'atllllu w1tb 10111' t1ae ... _.., aa " Jlad&e•1 \.baa I aat ln tbe Appellate T- ot the Sup; Court tOP- HW.al J'llll'e I had ooeaa1oa to NY1ew a a 1 , w ot J'OilJ' deoldoah [le • Nettlt ld 1Q' *-llftfl t-.11111iN.b- with your -li, I OlD oay w1 _,out belitil.lon' tbd 70(l relilil'ed .oat ebl a, Ulehl 1111parUal and dbtla.,U~ ....S.e oa ~ M..at aad I bel1ew t ha t 1a t he hteraata of u 1=-~•at ludS.luy bo_, puoUu ah011l d baft Joilled la N •tlltc JOII• I 11111-17 hope that '10111' ~leSal Oaft_. wlU not be and•9

111 th lrlad .. t J*'IODil NPJ'(II1 I am

VfiP7 ataowely 70UJ'I,

( llpd) Bernard L. Sbl ont111

L.n r.u, a Jueuoe ot u. IIIUUo1»al Court ot ~ 01~ ot In Yon, 'llbo tor ~en ,....,.. bad tried ~ «-ne~rd tha~ JU1Uoe obli«a~e4 tbe - Oil tbe .. nell to 41o141 h11 -•

1lllllbr tbe 1a ad~ Oonenwuon tllunmDIOB u I.Jif ODD OOIIIJSI4fi«*1 (1144l'eee ot Chiet J114p 01'1111e, I.Y. luw OoneU~Uoaal Oomnuoa), •• aimzp~l7 1Dto tba~ he hll4 to p~ ott tbe -.neb lNoauM he hd retuHd ~ ~Ike ordere troa 111nee, !'orrene, leU,., et al.

!be A11oo1at1on ar 1:he lar ot tbe 01 ~ ot Hn Yon 'broadoelt their deol-UODI 1!'b8 obl1ra~1on ot our aeeoo1at1on 1D

1af1pa1'41DC aDd .a!Dh'D'D£ tbe hi~ en tradition• ot tbe -.noh doll aot ud lholll.d no~ e.nd ,ntil eucll endor•••n~. • I

'l'he 01t1s1n1 Union publhhld their oall 1D whioh tbq aMOUIIOidl

1 !111 upr1ibtn••• and 1D41pen41noe baYe epparent17 d1equal1t1ed b1a 1D tile IJ'el ot tile looal deaoorat1o uCIIUJie whioh bu 41D11d b1a a r ... DOa1Jiat1oa. 1

!'be New York CountJ' Law,.ere Aeeoo1a~1on denounced tb1e aUaolt lrT thue 41etr1ot leader• •• I A (!BU,IDQK !'0 !Ill: IlSA1.I AIIJ) J'!tiKOil'll:l !'IU!' , n: OHDIIII!1 -

and tbiJ' oalled upon tbe enure lar to •et tJ. challenge. !he entuoe pNee aleo a44e4 1 t1 proten and 1111ppon 'llme, tile Judie who thought be had a rilbt ~ 'be loJ'al ~ tbeH pr1Do1plll whicll J'udl:e Crane deoluee el8ent1a1 ~ 411100'raOJ', wae eld.tld lroa t he Oourt; and Hinee, 'l'orrene, leu,., et al. wa1ke4 1n.

'l'hie 11 not a pereona1 •tter. !he 1D41Yic!ual 4oee not ocnmt. But 'lba~ happened laet Hnnller .an no~ happen ap.in.

!'bie 'brinll up 1:be 111\11 ot ~~~~ tbe Ju41o1UJ' a career 1nneaa ot a pol1t1oal 0111pa1r· lieN ..-ta we are r•'n41d ot tbe plaiD JII'ODOUDOIMn ot Obiet J u«re Crane ~ tbe Oonet1tut1onal 0onYent1oal 1 'fe 'bellne 1n the treedoa ot tbe Ju41o1ar,r and ite 1Ddependenoe. 1

It tollowe that thiN 11 a o2111;J' on the pan ot tho11 of ue who 'belie•• 1D theee pr1no1plee, to 111 ~t Juet101 11 4one ~ the one - who bad tile oounae and abaraot er ~ oont1Duoue17 Nfi&H ~ allow pol1t1oal 1Dtluenoe ~ enhr,hl• aind.